Flexible energy-absorbing car runaway prevention system for inclined shaft monorail hoist

Abstract

This invention discloses a flexible energy-absorbing and runaway prevention system for a monorail crane in an inclined shaft, comprising a reaction frame fixed to the tunnel, a pulley system installed on the reaction frame, a main energy-absorbing device with crushing energy absorption and gradually changing braking force, a vehicle-stopping device, and a steel cable assembly; the pulley system includes a fixed pulley block, a movable pulley block, a pulley block B, and a pulley block A; the steel cable assembly includes a main steel cable fixed to the vehicle-stopping device, a steel cable A wound around the movable / fixed pulley block using a double-running-head method, and several steel cables B with one end fixed to the movable pulley block and wound around the pulley block B before being connected to the main energy-absorbing device; the double-running heads of steel cable A are wound around pulley A and then fixedly connected to the main steel cable; the other end of steel cable B extends out of the main energy-absorbing device and is fixedly connected to a fixed stop; when a runaway occurs, the main steel cable pulls the monorail crane obliquely upward and backward, and the movable pulley block moves horizontally to pull steel cable B, activating the crushing energy absorption of the main energy-absorbing device, thereby achieving flexible braking of the monorail crane. This invention is a purely mechanical structure, which is simple to manufacture and maintain and has low cost, and can reliably perform gradual energy absorption braking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining equipment technology, specifically relating to a flexible energy-absorbing and runaway prevention system for a monorail crane in an inclined shaft. Background Technology

[0002] Monorail transport in inclined shafts is a crucial mode of transportation in mines, playing a vital role in mine production. Safe and efficient inclined shaft transport is of paramount importance for coal mine safety. Monorail runaway accidents are a significant concern in coal mine safety and transportation, and effective prevention is essential. Most mines now employ protective devices, using a combination of barriers and energy absorbers to brake runaway vehicles and prevent serious accidents.

[0003] Existing anti-runaway devices for mine cars in inclined shaft mine roadways are mainly divided into two categories based on energy absorption: friction energy absorption and hydraulic damping energy absorption. Friction energy absorption includes two types: one type utilizes the deformation of steel wire ropes or steel strips to absorb energy. These energy absorbers mostly adopt a clamping structure, using the friction generated by the clamping of the steel wire rope by steel wheels or plates to achieve buffering and energy absorption. The magnitude of the friction force depends on the clamping force, which has the disadvantage of insufficient braking due to either too tight a clamping force causing the steel wire rope to break or too loose a clamping force causing the steel wire rope to be pulled out. The other type utilizes the mutual friction of friction plates to absorb energy, typically spring-pressed friction plates. This type of energy absorber has a limited range of adjustable clamping force and cannot flexibly adjust the clamping force according to the impact energy. Therefore, the initial impact energy is large, failing to achieve the desired buffering and energy absorption effect, and cannot effectively prevent accidents. Moreover, from the perspective of energy conservation, the total kinetic energy of the mine car should be entirely converted into frictional heat energy. The temperature of the fixed contact friction surfaces will rise sharply, potentially causing the friction interface to fail and failing to generate braking force. Therefore, the reliability of single friction braking is not high.

[0004] Hydraulic damping energy absorbers primarily absorb the kinetic energy of a mine car by causing energy loss when damping oil flows through damping orifices as the piston moves in a hydraulic cylinder; alternatively, they convert kinetic energy into internal liquid energy by having an impeller rotated by the traction cable of the mine car, thus agitating the liquid medium within the cavity. The characteristic of this type of energy absorption is that the braking force is directly proportional to the mine car's speed; higher speeds result in greater energy absorption or stronger resistance. However, once the mine car's speed decreases to a certain level, the braking force of the hydraulic damping energy absorber becomes insufficient, and the hydraulic system requires frequent maintenance.

[0005] In fact, inclined mine roadways are located in harsh environments characterized by dampness and corrosion. Runaway prevention devices typically don't need to be activated for several years (ideally, runaway accidents should never occur). However, once activated, their energy-absorbing braking reliability must be ensured, even if the device is only used once and then rendered unusable. Existing friction or hydraulic energy-absorbing devices struggle to achieve gradual braking force over long strokes. Furthermore, the long-term maintenance costs in the harsh environment of inclined shafts are prohibitive, and internal structures may be impossible to maintain, leading to ineffectiveness or unreliability. Moreover, with the increasing size of mine cars and transport equipment, the energy required for braking absorption is enormous. If the braking process cannot achieve gradual energy absorption, the resulting instantaneous impact force could pull out the anchor bolts at the top of the monorail, causing a serious accident. Therefore, it is crucial to innovate a flexible energy-absorbing runaway prevention system for inclined shaft monorails that features gradual braking force, reliable operation, and low manufacturing / maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for inclined shaft monorail cranes. It utilizes a dynamic / fixed pulley system to transform the long-distance, high-speed braking problem into a low-speed, end-distance crushing energy-absorbing braking problem, thereby increasing the crushing energy absorption density and reducing the space required for buffer energy-absorbing devices. Furthermore, it achieves a gradual increase in braking force through a long array of several structural crushing energy-absorbing elements. Being a purely structural form, it possesses significant advantages such as low manufacturing cost and simple maintenance, and can reliably and flexibly absorb energy for braking, enhancing the safety and reliability of monorail cranes against runaway.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for a monorail crane in an inclined shaft, comprising a reaction frame fixed to the hardened foundation on both sides of the roadway, a pulley system installed on the reaction frame, a main energy-absorbing device employing crushing energy absorption and gradual braking force, a vehicle-stopping device for blocking monorail crane runaway vehicles, and a steel cable assembly; the pulley system includes a fixed pulley group, a movable pulley group, a pulley group B, and a pulley group A with two pulleys, all with their shafts parallel and perpendicular to the monorail crane's running direction. The fixed pulley group and the movable pulley group have the same axis height. Pulley group A is fixedly located above the fixed pulley group, and pulley group B is fixedly located above and behind the initial position of the movable pulley group; the main energy-absorbing device is fixedly located above the movable pulley group, and the fixed pulley group is located on the lower side of the inclined shaft slope; the steel cable assembly includes a vehicle-stopping device fixed to the lower side of the slope that directly blocks the monorail crane. The system includes a main steel cable, a steel cable A wound around a movable pulley block and a fixed pulley block using a double-running head method, and several steel cables B, one end of which is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft B of the movable pulley block and passes around the pulley block B, parallel to the direction of translational movement of the movable pulley block and connected in the main energy-absorbing device. The two ends of the steel cable A pass around the two pulleys of the pulley block A and are fixedly connected to one end of the main steel cable. The other end of the steel cable B extends out of the main energy-absorbing device and is fixedly stopped. The reaction frame, pulley system, main energy-absorbing device and steel cable assembly are all symmetrically arranged on both sides of the monorail crane in the inclined shaft roadway. The two ends of the main steel cable are fixedly connected to the two ends of the steel cable A on the side where they are located. When the train is running, the main steel cable pulls the monorail crane diagonally upward and backward. At the same time, the movable pulley block moves in translation and pulls the steel cable B to crush and absorb energy for the main energy-absorbing device, thereby achieving flexible braking of the monorail crane.

[0008] In the aforementioned flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for a monorail crane in an inclined shaft, the reaction frame includes a base, a connecting seat fixedly connected to the base, and a reinforcing plate. The base consists of a flat plate fixed to a hardened foundation by anchor bolts and two parallel vertical plates vertically connected to the flat plate. The two vertical plates have parallel, equally high, elongated straight grooves from left to right. The two fixed shafts B of the movable pulley system slide on these straight grooves, and the width sides of the movable pulley system are aligned with the grooved surfaces formed by the two vertical plates for guidance. The two vertical plates have two parallel, downward-facing L-shaped grooves at their right ends. The two fixed shafts A of the fixed pulley system are simultaneously inserted into these two L-shaped grooves and positioned at the ends of the L-shaped grooves at semi-circular positions of the same radius. The width sides of the fixed pulley system are aligned with the grooved surfaces formed by the two vertical plates for guidance. The connecting seat has a U-shaped structure, with two side plates of the U-shaped structure respectively... The two vertical plates of the base are attached to each other and fixed with bolts. The two side plates of the connecting seat are provided with limiting protrusions A that match the L-shaped grooves. These limiting protrusions A prevent the fixed shaft A of the fixed pulley group from moving. The top two sides of the connecting seat are provided with support holes A parallel to the axis of the fixed pulley group. The pulley group A is engaged with the support holes A through the fixed shaft. Reinforcing plates are fixedly connected to the straight groove areas of the two vertical plates of the base. The limiting protrusions B at the starting ends of the reinforcing plates fit into the straight grooves, strengthening the vertical plates and maintaining the dimensions of the straight grooves. A pair of support holes B with axes parallel to the axis of the movable pulley group are provided above the left ends of the two vertical plates of the base. The pulley group B is engaged with them through the fixed shaft. The main energy absorption device is fixed above the two vertical plates of the base and located above the movable pulley group. The translation direction of the movable pulley group is parallel to the movement direction of the monorail.

[0009] In the aforementioned flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for inclined shaft monorail cranes, the steel cable assembly further includes several friction-type pressure plates and pressure rollers. After the two running heads of the steel cable A pass over pulley block A, they are first gradually brought together and parallel by several pressure rollers to adjust the height of the steel cable A. Then, the steel cable A is fixed by several friction-type pressure plates and its force direction is adjusted. Finally, it is fixedly connected to one end of the main steel cable. The height of the steel cable A above the ground is higher than that of the monorail crane, and the parallel steel cable A is parallel to the running direction of the monorail crane.

[0010] In the aforementioned flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for inclined shaft monorail cranes, the main energy-absorbing device includes a housing A fixed to the reaction frame and having a rectangular elongated cavity; partitions dividing the rectangular elongated cavity of housing A into several independent small elongated cavities; several partition plates A arranged along the length direction of each small elongated cavity and dividing it into several small cavities; and a crushable energy-absorbing element A placed in each small cavity and having a through hole in the center. The partitions and partition plates A are welded and fixed to housing A and have a through hole in the center through which a steel cable B can pass. The partition plates A are fixed to housing A only at their upper and lower ends, while the other two sides have gaps with housing A. The length of each energy-absorbing element A is less than the distance between two adjacent partition plates A. Each independent small elongated cavity has a steel cable B inserted into it and a fixed stop at the end. The thickness of each partition plate A and the collision blocking force of the energy-absorbing element A increase sequentially along the pulling direction of the steel cable B according to the braking force requirements, thereby achieving flexible braking.

[0011] Preferably, the energy-absorbing element A is a crushable energy-absorbing element made of magnesium-aluminum alloy or aluminum alloy, etc. The energy-absorbing element A is a crushable energy-absorbing structure with a rectangular tube, a cylindrical tube or a rectangular tube with a cross rib inside; or a cubic honeycomb aluminum structure or a porous dielectric aluminum structure; or a corrugated tube crushable energy-absorbing structure.

[0012] Preferably, the flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for the inclined shaft monorail crane further includes a primary energy-absorbing device with crushable energy absorption and gradually varying braking force connected to the main steel cable. This primary energy-absorbing device includes a rectangular housing B fixed to the roadway and parallel to the monorail crane's running direction; several partition plates B arranged along the length of the rectangular housing and divided into several small cavities with central through holes; and crushable energy-absorbing elements B placed in each small cavity with central through holes. The main steel cable passes through each partition plate B and energy-absorbing element B of the primary energy-absorbing device, and the main steel cable... The primary energy-absorbing device has elastic elements and fixed heads fixed sequentially along the high-end surface of the inclined shaft slope. An S-shaped folded rope storage arrangement is used between the fixed heads and the two running heads of the steel cable A, enabling the primary and main energy-absorbing devices to operate sequentially. The energy-absorbing element B is a crushable energy-absorbing element made of magnesium-aluminum alloy or aluminum alloy, etc. This energy-absorbing element B is a crushable energy-absorbing structure with a rectangular tube, cylindrical tube, or rectangular tube with internal cross-shaped ribs; or a cubic honeycomb aluminum structure or porous dielectric aluminum structure; or a corrugated tube crushable energy-absorbing structure.

[0013] Preferably, the vehicle blocking device is a swing arm type vehicle blocking device, which includes a swing arm fixed to the ground and driven to rotate by an electric motor and equipped with a torsion spring restoring force, and a safety clamp for fixing the main steel cable. The torsion spring restoring force keeps the swing arm type vehicle blocking device in a normally closed state. The swing arm extends along both sides of the monorail and has independent brackets that do not interfere with the movement of the monorail. The top of the bracket is provided with a semi-circular groove, and the main steel cable is placed in the grooves of the two brackets and fixed by the semi-circular safety clamp. When blocking the monorail, the main steel cable breaks the safety clamp without damaging the swing arm.

[0014] Preferably, the vehicle-stopping device is a winch-type vehicle-stopping device, which includes a crossbeam perpendicular to the running direction of the monorail and fixed above the track, two pulleys mounted on the crossbeam and sharing a common shaft, a reducer fixed to one end of the shaft, and a motor A fixed to the input end of the reducer; the two pulleys are located on both sides of the monorail and each has a rope connected to the main steel cable, so that when the monorail is stopped, the main steel cable breaks the connection between the rope and the main steel cable without damaging the vehicle-stopping device on the crossbeam.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses a moving / fixed pulley system to transform the problem of long-distance high-speed blocking braking into a problem of low-speed short-distance crushing energy absorption, thereby increasing the crushing energy absorption density and reducing the arrangement space of the buffer energy absorption device; through the combination of several crushing energy absorption elements in a long strip array, the braking force design provided has significant flexibility, enabling the monorail to gradually increase the blocking braking force and achieve flexible braking. Moreover, the present invention is a purely mechanical structure and has significant advantages such as low manufacturing cost and simple maintenance. Even after being placed for several years, it can still reliably absorb energy and brake flexibly, effectively enhancing the safety and reliability of monorail to prevent runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the flexible energy-absorbing and runaway prevention system for a monorail crane in an inclined shaft according to the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of a flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for a monorail crane in an inclined shaft.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The view that hides the reaction frame and housing A.

[0019] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the reaction frame.

[0020] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the reaction frame.

[0021] Figure 6 An isometric view of the main energy-absorbing device.

[0022] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the main energy absorption device.

[0023] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Sectional view along direction AA.

[0024] Figure 9 In order to be in Figure 1 A top view of the basic structure with an added primary energy absorption device.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the primary energy absorption device.

[0026] In the diagram, 1-swing arm type vehicle blocking device; 101-swing arm; 102-safety clamp; 2-steel cable assembly; 201-main steel cable; 202-cable connector; 203-friction type wire pressing plate; 204-wire pressing roller; 205-steel cable A; 206-steel cable B; 207-fixed stop; 208-positioning pin; 3-pulley system; 301-pulley block A; 302-fixed pulley block; 3021-fixed shaft A; 303-moving pulley block; 3031-fixed shaft B; 304-pulley block B; 4-reaction frame; 401-connecting seat; 4011-support hole A; 4012-limiting protrusion. A; 402-Base; 4021-L-shaped groove; 4022-Straight groove; 4023-Support hole B; 403-Reinforcing plate; 4031-Limiting protrusion B; 5-Main energy absorption device; 501-Housing A; 502-Partition plate; 503-Separation plate A; 504-Energy absorption element A; 6-Primary energy absorption device; 601-Fixed head; 602-Elastic element; 603-Housing B; 604-Separation plate B; 605-Energy absorption element B; 7-Winch-type vehicle blocking device; 701-Crossbeam; 702-Pulley; 703-Reducer; 704-Motor A; 8-Monorail crane; 9-Rail. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "middle," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed during use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0030] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for a monorail crane in an inclined shaft includes a reaction frame 4 fixed to the hardened foundation on both sides of the roadway, a pulley system 3 installed on the reaction frame 4, a main energy-absorbing device 5 employing crushing energy absorption and gradual braking force, a vehicle-stopping device (1 or 7) and a steel cable assembly 2 for blocking monorail crane runaway vehicles; the pulley system 3 includes a fixed pulley group 302 with rotating shafts parallel to and perpendicular to the running direction of the monorail crane 8, a movable pulley group 303, a pulley group B 304, and a pulley group A 301 with two pulleys. The fixed pulley group 302 and the movable pulley group 303 have the same axis height. The pulley group A 301 is fixedly located above the fixed pulley group 302, and the pulley group B 304... 304 is fixed above and behind the initial position of the movable pulley block 303; the main energy-absorbing device 5 is fixed above the movable pulley block 303, and the fixed pulley block 302 is located on the lower side of the inclined shaft slope; the steel cable assembly 2 includes a main steel cable 201 fixed to the lower side of the slope and directly blocking the monorail crane 8, a steel cable A 205 wound on the movable pulley block 303 and the fixed pulley block 302 using a double-running head method, and several steel cables B 206 whose one end is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft B 3031 of the movable pulley block 303 and passes around the pulley block B 304 and is parallel to the translational movement direction of the movable pulley block 303 and is threaded in the main energy-absorbing device 5. The two running heads of the steel cable A 205 pass around the two pulleys of the pulley block A 301 and are fixedly connected to one end of the main steel cable 201. The other end of 206 extends out of the main energy-absorbing device 5 and is fixed with a fixed stop 207; the reaction frame 4, pulley system 3, main energy-absorbing device 5 and steel cable assembly 2 are all symmetrically arranged on both sides of the monorail crane 8 in the inclined shaft roadway, and the two ends of the main steel cable 201 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the steel cable A 205 on the same side. When the train is running, the main steel cable 201 pulls the monorail crane 8 obliquely upward and backward, while the moving pulley group 303 moves horizontally and pulls the steel cable B206 to crush and absorb energy from the main energy-absorbing device 5, so as to realize the flexible braking of the monorail crane 8.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figures 4-5As shown, the reaction frame 4 includes a base 402, a connecting seat 401 fixedly connected to the base 402, and a reinforcing plate 403. The base 402 consists of a flat plate fixed to a hardened foundation by anchor bolts and two parallel vertical plates vertically connected to the flat plate. The two vertical plates have parallel and equal-height elongated straight grooves 4022 from left to right. The two fixed shafts B 3031 of the movable pulley assembly 303 slide on the straight grooves 4022, and the width sides of the movable pulley assembly 303 are in contact with the groove surfaces formed by the two vertical plates to provide guidance. The two vertical plates have two parallel L-shaped grooves 4021 from top to bottom on the right side. The two fixed shafts A of the fixed pulley assembly 302... After being simultaneously inserted into the two L-shaped grooves 4021, 3021 is positioned at the semi-circular position of the same radius at the end of the L-shaped grooves 4021, and the width sides of the fixed pulley assembly 302 are in contact with the groove surfaces formed by the two vertical plates to achieve guidance; the connecting seat 401 has a U-shaped structure, and the two side plates of the U-shaped structure are respectively in contact with the outer surfaces of the two vertical plates of the machine base and fixed by bolts, and the two side plates of the connecting seat are provided with limiting protrusions A 4012 that match the L-shaped grooves, which prevent the fixed shaft A 3021 of the fixed pulley assembly 302 from moving; the top two sides of the connecting seat 401 are provided with support holes A 4011 parallel to the axis of the fixed pulley assembly, and the pulley assembly A 301 is engaged with the support holes A 4011 through the fixed shaft; reinforcing plates 403 are respectively fixedly connected to the straight groove 4022 area of ​​the two vertical plates of the machine base 402, and the starting end of the reinforcing plate 403 is provided with limiting protrusions B 4031 fits perfectly into the straight groove 4022, strengthening the vertical plate while maintaining the dimensions of the straight groove; a pair of support holes B 4023 with axes parallel to the axis of the movable pulley block 303 are provided above the left ends of the two vertical plates of the base 402. The pulley block B 304 cooperates with it through a fixed shaft. The main energy absorption device 5 is fixed above the two vertical plates of the base 402 and located above the movable pulley block 303; the translation direction of the movable pulley block 303 is parallel to the running direction of the monorail crane 8.

[0032] like Figures 1-3As shown, the steel cable assembly 2 also includes several friction-type pressure plates 203 and pressure rollers 204. After the two ends of the steel cable A 205 pass through the pulley block A 301, they are first gradually brought together and parallel by several pressure rollers 204 to adjust the height of the steel cable A 205. Then, the steel cable A 205 is fixed by several friction-type pressure plates 203 and its force direction is adjusted. Finally, it is fixedly connected to one end of the main steel cable 201 by a cable connector 202. The height of the steel cable A 205 off the ground is higher than that of the monorail 8, and the parallel steel cable A 205 is parallel to the running direction of the monorail 8. This allows the main steel cable 201 to pull the monorail 8 diagonally upward and backward when the train is running, avoiding obstruction of the braking force on the downward pulling force of the track 9 and preventing the upper anchor rod from being pulled out and causing the monorail to derail.

[0033] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the main energy-absorbing device 5 includes a housing A501 fixed to the reaction frame 4 and having a rectangular elongated cavity; a partition plate 502 dividing the rectangular elongated cavity of the housing A501 into several independent small elongated cavities; several partition plates A503 arranged along the length direction of each small elongated cavity and dividing it into several small cavities; and a crushable energy-absorbing element A504 placed in each small cavity and having a through hole in the center; the partition plate 502 and the partition plate A503 are welded and fixed to the housing A501 and have a through hole in the center through which a steel cable B206 can pass; the partition plate A503 is fixed to the housing A501 only at the top and bottom, while the other two sides are left with gaps; the length of each energy-absorbing element A504 is less than the distance between two adjacent partition plates A501; each independent small elongated cavity has a steel cable B206 inserted into it and a fixing stop 207 fixed at the end; each partition plate A504... The thickness of 501 and the collision blocking force of energy-absorbing element A504 increase sequentially along the pulling direction of steel cable B206 according to the braking force requirements, achieving flexible and gradual braking, reducing impact force, and ensuring the safety of personnel and vehicles during the monorail suspension process. Preferably, the energy-absorbing element A504 is a crushable energy-absorbing element made of magnesium-aluminum alloy or aluminum alloy, etc., and the energy-absorbing element A504 is a crushable energy-absorbing structure with a rectangular tube, cylindrical tube, or rectangular tube with cross-shaped ribs inside; or a cubic honeycomb aluminum structure or porous dielectric aluminum structure; or a corrugated tube crushable energy-absorbing structure.

[0034] Preferably, such as Figures 9-10As shown, the present invention also includes a primary energy-absorbing device 6 with crushable energy absorption and gradual braking force connected to the main steel cable 201. The primary energy-absorbing device 6 includes a rectangular housing B 603 fixed to the roadway and parallel to the monorail's running direction; several partition plates B 604 arranged along the length of the rectangular housing and divided into several small cavities with through holes in the center; and crushable energy-absorbing elements B 605 placed in each small cavity with through holes in the center. The main steel cable 201 passes through each partition plate B 604 and energy-absorbing element B 605 of the primary energy-absorbing device 6. Elastic elements 602 and fixed heads 601 are sequentially fixed to the main steel cable 201 at the high-end surface of the inclined shaft along the primary energy-absorbing device 6. An S-shaped folded rope storage arrangement is formed between the fixed head 601 and the two running heads of the steel cable A 201, realizing the step-by-step operation of the primary energy-absorbing device 6 and the main energy-absorbing device 5. The energy-absorbing element B... 605 is a crushable energy-absorbing element made of magnesium-aluminum alloy or aluminum alloy, etc. The energy-absorbing element B is a crushable energy-absorbing structure with a rectangular tube, cylindrical tube or rectangular tube with a cross rib plate inside; or a cubic honeycomb aluminum structure or porous dielectric aluminum structure; or a corrugated tube crushable energy-absorbing structure.

[0035] Preferably, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle blocking device is a swing arm type vehicle blocking device 1, which includes a swing arm 101 fixed to the ground and driven to rotate by an electric motor and equipped with a torsion spring restoring force, and a safety clamp 102 for fixing the main steel cable. The torsion spring restoring force keeps the swing arm type vehicle blocking device 1 in a normally closed state. The swing arm 101 has independent supports extending from both sides of the monorail 8 and does not interfere with the movement of the monorail 8. The top of the support is provided with a semi-circular groove. The main steel cable 201 is placed in the grooves of the two supports and is fixed by the semi-circular safety clamp 102. When blocking the monorail 8, the main steel cable 201 breaks the safety clamp 102 without damaging the swing arm 101 of the vehicle blocking device.

[0036] Preferably, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the vehicle-stopping device is a winch-type vehicle-stopping device 7, which includes a crossbeam 701 perpendicular to the running direction of the monorail 8 and fixed above the track, two pulleys 702 mounted on the crossbeam 701 and sharing a common shaft, a reducer 703 fixed to one end of the shaft, and a motor A 704 fixed to the other input end of the reducer 703. The two pulleys 702 are located on both sides of the monorail 8 and each has a rope connected to the main steel cable 201. When the monorail 8 is stopped, the main steel cable 201 breaks the connection between the rope and the main steel cable 201 without damaging the crossbeam and its vehicle-stopping device.

[0037] This invention transforms the long-distance, high-speed braking problem into a low-speed, short-distance crushing energy absorption problem by using a moving pulley block 303 and a fixed pulley block 302. This enhances the crushing energy absorption density and reduces the space required for the buffer energy absorption device. Through the combination of a long array of several crushing energy absorption elements (504 or 603), the braking force design provided has significant flexibility, enabling the monorail crane 8 to gradually increase its braking force and achieve flexible braking. Furthermore, this invention is a purely mechanical structure and has significant advantages such as low manufacturing cost and simple maintenance. Even after being stored for several years, it can still reliably and flexibly absorb energy for braking, effectively enhancing the safety and reliability of the monorail crane in preventing runaway.

Claims

1. A flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for a monorail crane in an inclined shaft, characterized in that, The system includes a reaction frame fixed to the hardened foundation on both sides of the tunnel, a pulley system mounted on the reaction frame, a main energy-absorbing device employing crushing energy absorption and gradual braking force, a vehicle-stopping device for blocking the monorail trolley, and a cable assembly. The pulley system includes a fixed pulley group, a movable pulley group, a pulley group B, and a pulley group A with two pulleys, all with their shafts parallel and perpendicular to the monorail's running direction. The fixed pulley group and the movable pulley group have the same axis height. Pulley group A is fixed above the fixed pulley group, and pulley group B is fixed above and behind the initial position of the movable pulley group. The main energy-absorbing device is fixed above the movable pulley group, and the fixed pulley group is located on the lower side of the inclined shaft slope. The cable assembly includes a vehicle-stopping device fixed to the lower side of the slope, a main cable directly blocking the monorail, and a cable wound using a double-headed forward-threading method. A steel cable A is wound around a movable pulley block and a fixed pulley block. Several steel cables B, one end of which is fixedly connected to a fixed shaft B of the movable pulley block and passes around the pulley block B, are parallel to the direction of translational movement of the movable pulley block and are connected in the main energy-absorbing device. The two ends of the steel cable A pass around the two pulleys of the pulley block A and are fixedly connected to one end of the main steel cable. The other end of the steel cable B extends out of the main energy-absorbing device and is fixedly stopped. The reaction frame, pulley system, main energy-absorbing device and steel cable assembly are all symmetrically arranged on both sides of the monorail crane in the inclined shaft roadway. The two ends of the main steel cable are fixedly connected to the two ends of the steel cable A on the side where they are located. When the train is running, the main steel cable pulls the monorail crane diagonally upward and backward. At the same time, the movable pulley block moves in translation and pulls the steel cable B to crush and absorb energy for the main energy-absorbing device, so as to realize the flexible braking of the monorail crane.

2. The flexible energy-absorbing and runaway prevention system for inclined shaft monorail cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction frame includes a base, a connecting seat fixedly connected to the base, and a reinforcing plate. The base consists of a flat plate fixed to a hardened foundation by anchor bolts and two parallel vertical plates vertically connected to the flat plate. The two vertical plates have parallel, equal-height elongated straight grooves from rear to front. The two fixed shafts B of the movable pulley system slide on these straight grooves, and the width sides of the movable pulley system are aligned with the grooves formed by the two vertical plates for guidance. The two vertical plates have two parallel, downward-facing L-shaped grooves near their front ends. The two fixed shafts A of the fixed pulley system are simultaneously inserted into these L-shaped grooves and positioned at the ends of the L-shaped grooves at semi-circular positions of the same radius. The width sides of the fixed pulley system are aligned with the grooves formed by the two vertical plates for guidance. The connecting seat has a U-shaped structure, with its two side plates respectively connecting to the outer sides of the two vertical plates of the base. The faceplates are fixed together with bolts, and the two side plates of the connecting seat are provided with limiting protrusions A that match the L-shaped grooves. These limiting protrusions A prevent the fixed shaft A of the fixed pulley group from moving. The top two sides of the connecting seat are provided with support holes A parallel to the axis of the fixed pulley group. The pulley group A is engaged with the support holes A through the fixed shaft. Reinforcing plates are fixedly connected to the straight groove areas of the two vertical plates of the base. The limiting protrusions B at the starting ends of the reinforcing plates fit into the straight grooves, strengthening the vertical plates and maintaining the dimensions of the straight grooves. Above the rear ends of the two vertical plates of the base, there is a pair of support holes B with axes parallel to the axis of the movable pulley group. The pulley group B is engaged with them through the fixed shaft. The main energy-absorbing device is fixed above the two vertical plates of the base and located above the movable pulley group. The translation direction of the movable pulley group is parallel to the movement direction of the monorail.

3. The flexible energy-absorbing and runaway prevention system for inclined shaft monorail cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steel cable assembly also includes several friction-type pressure plates and pressure rollers. After the two ends of the steel cable A pass over the pulley block A, they are first gradually brought together and parallel by several pressure rollers to adjust the height of the steel cable A. Then, the steel cable A is fixed by several friction-type pressure plates and the direction of its force is adjusted. Finally, it is fixedly connected to one end of the main steel cable. The height of the steel cable A above the ground is higher than that of the monorail, and the parallel steel cable A is parallel to the running direction of the monorail.

4. The flexible energy-absorbing and runaway prevention system for inclined shaft monorail cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main energy-absorbing device includes a housing A fixed to the reaction frame and having a rectangular elongated cavity; partitions dividing the rectangular elongated cavity of housing A into several independent small elongated cavities; several partition plates A arranged along the length of each small elongated cavity and dividing it into several small cavities; and a crushable energy-absorbing element A placed in each small cavity and having a through hole in the center. The partitions and partition plates A are welded and fixed to housing A and have a through hole in the center through which a steel cable B can pass. The partition plates A are fixed to housing A only at the top and bottom, while the other two sides are left with gaps. The length of each energy-absorbing element A is less than the distance between two adjacent partition plates A. Each independent small elongated cavity has a steel cable B inserted into it and a fixed stop at the end. The thickness of each partition plate A and the collision blocking force of the energy-absorbing element A increase sequentially along the pulling direction of the steel cable B according to the braking force requirements, thereby achieving flexible braking.

5. The flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for inclined shaft monorail cranes according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing element A is a crushable energy-absorbing element made of magnesium-aluminum alloy or aluminum alloy.

6. The flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for inclined shaft monorail cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a primary energy-absorbing device with crushable energy absorption and gradual braking force connected to the main steel cable. The primary energy-absorbing device includes a rectangular housing B fixed to the roadway and parallel to the monorail crane's running direction, several partition plates B arranged along the length of the rectangular housing and divided into several small cavities with through holes in the center, and crushable energy-absorbing elements B placed in each small cavity with through holes in the center. The main steel cable passes through each partition plate B and energy-absorbing element B of the primary energy-absorbing device. Elastic elements and fixed heads are sequentially fixed to the primary energy-absorbing device at the high end of the inclined shaft slope. An S-shaped folding rope storage arrangement is made between the fixed heads and the two running heads of the steel cable A, realizing the step-by-step operation of the primary energy-absorbing device and the main energy-absorbing device. The energy-absorbing element B is a crushable energy-absorbing element made of magnesium-aluminum alloy or aluminum alloy.

7. The flexible energy-absorbing and runaway prevention system for inclined shaft monorail cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned vehicle-stopping device is a swing-arm type vehicle-stopping device, which includes a swing arm fixed to the ground and driven to rotate by an electric motor and equipped with a torsion spring restoring force, and a safety clamp for fixing the main steel cable. The torsion spring restoring force keeps the swing-arm type vehicle-stopping device in a normally closed state. The swing arm extends along both sides of the monorail and has independent supports that do not interfere with the movement of the monorail. The top of the support is provided with a semi-circular groove, and the main steel cable is placed in the grooves of the two supports and fixed by the semi-circular safety clamp. When the monorail is blocked, the main steel cable breaks the safety clamp without damaging the swing arm.

8. The flexible energy-absorbing anti-runaway system for inclined shaft monorail cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned vehicle-stopping device is a winch-type vehicle-stopping device, which includes a crossbeam perpendicular to the running direction of the monorail and fixed above the track, two pulleys mounted on the crossbeam and sharing a common shaft, a reducer fixed to one end of the shaft, and a motor A fixed to the input end of the reducer; the two pulleys are located on both sides of the monorail and each has a rope connected to the main steel cable. When the monorail is stopped, the main steel cable breaks the connection between the rope and the main steel cable without damaging the vehicle-stopping device on the crossbeam.

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