Transportation and installation device and method of long-span steel beam roof photovoltaic module

Abstract

The application discloses a large-span steel roof photovoltaic module transportation and installation device and method. The device comprises a transportation vehicle and a photovoltaic frame. The photovoltaic frame is a support frame formed by equidistantly connecting a plurality of parallel support rods. Hollow areas for installing solar panels are formed between two adjacent parallel support rods. The transportation vehicle comprises a support plate. A walking mechanism matched with a walking track on the photovoltaic frame is arranged at the bottom of the support plate. A support plate and a carrying groove are fixedly installed on the support plate. A grabbing mechanism is arranged on the support frame and is installed on the support plate through a swing frame. The transportation vehicle walks in the hollow area between two adjacent support rods. The grabbing mechanism is controlled to rotate left and right to the upper side of the carrying groove through the swing frame. The solar panel in the carrying groove is grabbed. Then, the solar panel is rotated to the upper side of the adjacent hollow area far from the carrying groove to lay the solar panel. The application can automatically carry the solar panel and is convenient for installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention mainly relates to the field of photovoltaic module transportation and installation technology, specifically to a device and method for transporting and installing photovoltaic modules on a large-span steel beam roof. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing popularity of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems, more and more steel-structured rooftops are being built with these systems. Common PV rooftop systems utilize existing steel-structured roofs, fixing solar panels to the existing roof structure using metal brackets, thus creating a new solar photovoltaic system on the existing building roof. The typical installation method involves first erecting a frame at a certain height above the ground, then laying the PV solar panels on the frame. Current installations typically involve manually welding a transport vehicle, placing the PV panels one by one onto the vehicle, and then manually pushing the vehicle to the designated location. Afterward, the PV panels are manually unloaded and installed, making the entire process complex and very labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a transportation and installation device and method for photovoltaic modules on large-span steel beam roofs, which can automatically transport and move solar panels and facilitate installation.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a transportation and installation device for photovoltaic modules on a large-span steel beam roof. The device includes an installation and transportation vehicle and a photovoltaic frame. The photovoltaic frame is a support structure formed by connecting multiple parallel support rods at equal intervals, with a hollow area for installing solar panels formed between adjacent parallel support rods. Each parallel support rod is provided with a track for the installation and transportation vehicle. The installation and transportation vehicle includes a support plate, and a traveling mechanism matching the track on the photovoltaic frame is provided at the bottom of the support plate. A support plate and a transport groove are fixedly installed on the support plate. A gripping mechanism is provided on the support plate. The gripping mechanism is mounted on the support plate via a swing frame. The support plate is fixed to one side of the support plate. The transport groove is located on the same side of the support plate and in front of the support plate. The swing frame includes a directional motor and an upper bracket and a lower bracket rotatably mounted on the support plate. The upper and lower brackets are arranged in parallel. The directional motor is fixedly mounted on the support plate, and the output shaft of the directional motor is connected to the rotating shafts of both the upper and lower brackets simultaneously through a transmission mechanism, enabling the two brackets to rotate along the support plate simultaneously. The gripping mechanism is located at the free end of the swing frame and is hinged to both the upper and lower brackets. The installation and transport vehicle travels in the hollow area between two adjacent support rods. After it reaches the designated position, the gripping mechanism is controlled to rotate left and right by the swing frame. Under the action of the swing frame, the gripping mechanism rotates to the top of the transport trough and grabs the solar panel in the transport trough. Then, the swing frame is used to rotate the gripping mechanism to the top of the adjacent hollow area on the side away from the transport trough and lays the grabbed solar panel in the adjacent hollow area.

[0005] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the transport trough is an open-top receiving trough that matches the shape and size of the solar panel, with its width direction being an open surface. A spring plate is slidably arranged inside the transport trough, the spring plate being arranged along the length direction of the transport trough, with its two ends extending from the open area in the width direction of the transport trough. Support plates are fixedly provided at both ends of the open surface of the transport trough, and tension springs are respectively provided between the two ends of the spring plate extending out of the transport trough and the two support plates at the upper end of the transport trough. Two sets of elastic limiting buckles are provided on the support plate on the side away from the installation and transport vehicle, and the two sets of elastic limiting buckles are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the transport trough, limiting the uppermost solar panel on the top surface of the transport trough.

[0006] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the hollow area of ​​the last row of the photovoltaic frame is not used to install solar panels, but only serves as the walking area for the installation and transport vehicle.

[0007] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The gripping mechanism includes a rectangular frame, a gripping motor, and two sets of gripping mechanisms. The rectangular frame is hinged to the swing frame via a connecting frame. The connecting frame is located on one side of the rectangular frame and is hinged to the ends of the upper and lower supports, respectively. Two gripping fixed rods are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the rectangular frame. A gripping fixed plate is fixedly connected between the two gripping fixed rods. The gripping fixed plate is located at the center of the gripping fixed rods, and a gripping center rod is rotatably connected to the surface of the gripping fixed plate. The gripping motor is fixedly installed at the center of the gripping fixed plate, and the center of the gripping center rod rotates... The rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the clamping motor. Two sets of clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the clamping center rod. Each set of clamping mechanisms includes a clamping slide plate and a clamping plate. The two clamping slide plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping fixed plate. The two ends of each clamping slide plate are slidably connected to the two clamping fixed rods respectively. The two ends of the clamping center rod are respectively connected to the two sets of clamping slide plates through connecting rods. One end of the connecting rod is hinged to the clamping slide plate, and the other end is hinged to the clamping center rod. The clamping plates are fixedly installed below the clamping slide plates, and the two clamping plates are arranged vertically opposite each other. Grooves are provided on the clamping surfaces of the two clamping plates respectively.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of this invention is as follows: The support rod is a square-section support rod, and the support rod serves as a traveling track. The traveling mechanism includes two L-shaped support plates symmetrically welded to the bottom of the support plate. The groove surfaces of the two L-shaped support plates face outwards, and the two L-shaped support plates and the support plate form grooves that match the support rods. Multiple traveling rollers are rotatably installed in the groove areas on both sides. The multiple traveling rollers are arranged vertically and parallel in the groove areas. Each traveling roller is controlled by a traveling motor. The traveling motor is fixedly installed on the support plate, and the output shaft of the traveling motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the corresponding traveling roller. The width of the support plate matches the width of the hollow area between two adjacent support rods and can be erected above two adjacent support rods. The bottom of the installation transport vehicle is slidably connected to two adjacent support rods through the grooves formed by the two L-shaped support plates and the support plate, and the roller surfaces of the multiple traveling rollers slide in contact with the sides of the corresponding support rods.

[0009] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the support plate is installed on one side of the center line of the length of the support plate, the transport groove is located on the other side of the center line of the length of the support plate, and most of the transport groove extends out of the outside of the support plate.

[0010] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the directional motor is located on the side of the support plate away from the upper and lower supports, the output shaft of the directional motor passes through the support plate and is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft of the upper support, and the transmission mechanism includes a drive gear fixedly connected to the output shaft of the directional motor and a synchronous gear fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft of the lower support. The drive gear and the synchronous gear are connected by a transmission belt.

[0011] The preferred technical solution of this invention is as follows: Four tension springs are provided in total, two on each side. Rings for mounting the tension springs are provided on the spring plate and the support plate, respectively. The upper and lower ends of the tension springs are fixed to the corresponding rings. Each set of elastic limiting buckles includes a support frame and a spring rod slidably mounted on the support frame. The support frame is fixedly mounted on the support plate. The support frame is a right-angled triangle with its right angle pointing upwards. The hypotenuse of the support frame is away from the installation and transport vehicle. One right-angled side is on the height extension line of the transport trough frame, and the other right-angled side is horizontal. The spring rod is inclined on the support frame, and the angle formed between the spring rod and the horizontal right-angled side of the support frame is 45 degrees. A spring is provided between the end of the spring rod and the support frame. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the spring rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support frame. The front end of the spring rod also has a bevel. Under normal conditions, the spring rod extends to the front and rear baffle surfaces of the transport trough under the action of the spring, and can block the uppermost solar panel that is higher than the top surface of the transport trough.

[0012] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention also provides a method for transporting and installing mobile photovoltaic modules on a large-span steel beam roof, characterized in that: the method uses the aforementioned large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic module transport and installation device to install solar panels, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Construct the foundation of the photovoltaic support according to the design requirements, and fix the columns on the foundation. Then install the photovoltaic frame on the columns and connect the photovoltaic frame to the columns firmly. The photovoltaic frame is composed of multiple support rods, forming multiple rows of parallel hollow areas. Step 2: Assemble and weld the transport vehicle according to the width of the hollow area of ​​the photovoltaic frame. Install the assembled transport vehicle in the second row of hollow area tracks of the photovoltaic frame. At this time, the transport trough is located above the adjacent third row of hollow area. Stack the solar panels one by one in the transport trough. Step 3: Start the directional motor to drive the lower and upper supports to rotate, move the gripping mechanism to directly above the stacked solar panels, and use the clamping mechanism to grip the top layer of solar panels in the transport trough; then turn the directional motor in the opposite direction to move the gripping mechanism with the solar panels to above the first row of hollow areas of the photovoltaic rack near the installation transport vehicle; continue to turn the directional motor in the opposite direction to move the gripping mechanism down to a position near the surface of the photovoltaic rack, and control the clamping mechanism to release and place the gripped solar panels in the corresponding positions above the photovoltaic rack; Step 4: Control the installation and transport vehicle to move to the next solar panel installation position, and then repeat Step 3 to complete the installation of the next solar panel. The second solar panel is right next to the first solar panel. Step 5: Repeat Step 4 to complete the installation of solar panels in the first row of hollow areas. During the installation process, ensure that adjacent solar panels are laid in the same area without any gaps between them. After all the solar panels in the first row of hollow areas are installed, use manual labor or other auxiliary tools to install and fix the installed solar panels. Step Six: After all the solar panels in the first row of hollow areas are installed, remove the installation and transport vehicle and install it in the third row of hollow areas, then fill the transport trough with photovoltaic panels; repeat steps three to five to complete the installation of solar panels in the second row of hollow areas. Step 7: Install solar panels on all areas of the photovoltaic frame except for the last row of hollow areas, following the steps above. Do not install solar panels on the last row of hollow areas, or use other methods to install them.

[0013] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In step two, the width of the support plate of the transport and installation vehicle matches the width of the hollow area and is erected on two adjacent support rods of the photovoltaic frame. Two sets of L-shaped support plates are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the support plate of the transport and installation vehicle. The two sets of L-shaped support plates form grooves that match the support rods between themselves and the support plate. Traveling rollers are installed in the grooves. The transport and installation vehicle is slidably connected to the adjacent support rods through the grooves on both sides. The traveling rollers slide in contact with the sides of the support rods and can move along the support rods. A spring plate is provided in the transport trough. The first solar panel placed contacts the spring plate. The spring plate will gradually slide down in the transport trough until all the solar panels in the transport trough are placed. At this point, the spring plate is located at the bottom of the transport trough. In step three, after a solar panel is clamped, the spring plate in the transport groove is raised to send the next solar panel upward. The clamping mechanism is controlled by a clamping motor. When clamping a solar panel, the clamping motor controls the rotation of the clamping center rod, thereby driving the clamping slide to move in the opposite direction along the clamping fixed rod, and clamping the uppermost solar panel through the clamping plate. After clamping in place, the clamping motor is rotated in the opposite direction to control the clamping slide to move in the opposite direction along the clamping fixed rod, placing the solar panel in the corresponding position above the photovoltaic frame.

[0014] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: (1) The present invention provides a transport and installation vehicle and a transport trough for storing solar panels on the vehicle, which can automatically move the solar panels and transport them on the photovoltaic rack without manual pushing. The special walking mechanism of the transport and installation vehicle is matched with the photovoltaic rack and can walk in the solar panel installation area of ​​the photovoltaic rack without setting up a separate walking track. Its installation and transportation are relatively convenient and there is no need to add other special walking tracks or other structures. (2) The transport and installation vehicle of the present invention is equipped with a solar panel clamping device. The clamping device can easily clamp the solar panel from the transport trough and swing it to the installation position of the solar panel through the swing frame, and lay the solar panel on the photovoltaic frame, which facilitates the subsequent installation. The structure can realize automatic clamping of solar panels and unloading of solar panels, and place them on the photovoltaic frame in sequence with the use of the transport trolley, without the need for manual handling and placement. (3) The transport trough in this invention has a special structure that can raise the lower layer to the gripping position after each gripping of the uppermost solar panel, making it convenient to grip the solar panel and transport it in conjunction with the clamping component.

[0015] (4) The location of the transport installation vehicle, the gripping mechanism and the transport trough in this invention is specially designed so that during use, the transport installation vehicle can travel in any solar panel installation area on the photovoltaic frame, the gripping mechanism can swing above the transport installation vehicle and lay the gripped solar panel in the adjacent solar panel installation area, and the setting of the transport trough will affect the travel of the transport installation vehicle, but will not affect the normal operation of the gripping mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a front view of the mounting mechanism of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the right side of the mounting mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the mounting mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a side view of the mounting mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transport trough of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spring plate of the present invention.

[0024] Reference numerals: 1-Installation and transport vehicle; 101-Supporting plate; 102-L-shaped support plate; 103-Walking motor; 104-Walking roller; 2-Photovoltaic frame; 201-Support rod; 202-Hollow area; 3-Supporting plate; 4-Transfer trough; 401-Spring plate; 402-Bracket plate; 403-Tension spring; 404-Ring; 405-Supporting frame; 406-Spring rod; 407-Spring; 5-Solar energy 6-Plate; 6-Gripping mechanism; 601-Gripping frame; 602-Gripping fixed rod; 603-Gripping fixed plate; 604-Gripping center rod; 605-Gripping motor; 606-Gripping slide; 607-Gripping plate; 608-Connecting rod; 609-Connecting frame; 7-Swing frame; 701-Upper bracket; 702-Lower bracket; 703-Directional motor; 704-Drive gear; 705-Synchronizing gear; 706-Transmission belt. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Figures 1 to 8All accompanying drawings are simplified versions of embodiments and are intended only to clearly and concisely illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The technical solutions shown in the drawings below are specific solutions of embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0027] Example 1 provides a transportation and installation device for large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic modules, such as... Figures 1-8 As shown, the system includes a transport vehicle 1 and a photovoltaic frame 2. The photovoltaic frame 2 is a pre-erected high-altitude support structure used to install solar panels 5. The photovoltaic frame 2 is a support structure formed by connecting multiple parallel support rods 201 at equal intervals. A hollow area 202 for installing solar panels 5 is formed between two adjacent parallel support rods. Each parallel support rod has a track for the transport vehicle 1 to travel on. The track can be directly made using the support rods. The transport vehicle 1 travels in the hollow area 202 between two support rods and lays solar panels 5 in adjacent hollow areas 202. In order to install solar panels 5 normally, the hollow area 202 of the photovoltaic frame 2 can be set with an additional row, or the last row can be left uninstalled with solar panels 5, serving only as a travel space for the transport vehicle 1.

[0028] In Example 1, as Figure 2As shown, the installation and transport vehicle 1 includes a support plate 101. A traveling mechanism matching the traveling track on the photovoltaic frame 2 is provided at the bottom of the support plate 101. The traveling mechanism includes two L-shaped support plates 102 symmetrically welded to the bottom of the support plate 101. The groove surfaces of the two L-shaped support plates 102 face outwards, and a groove matching the support rod 201 is formed between the two L-shaped support plates 102 and the support plate 101, allowing for slidable connection with the side of the support rod 201. Multiple traveling rollers 104 are installed in the groove areas on both sides, each traveling roller 104 controlled by a traveling motor 103. Each side roller includes three sets of traveling rollers 104 driven by a single traveling motor 103. The traveling motor 103 is fixedly mounted on the support plate 101, and the output shaft of the traveling motor 103 is fixedly connected to the traveling roller 104. The traveling roller 104 is rotatably mounted on the support plate 101. The supporting plate 101 and the bottom walking mechanism constitute the installation and transport vehicle 1. The installation and transport vehicle 1 is manually welded and can be set according to the width of each hollow area 202 of the photovoltaic frame 2. It can move normally between two support rods 201. Each support rod 201 of the photovoltaic frame 2 is a square support rod, and the support rod body forms a slide. The walking mechanism at the bottom of the installation and transport vehicle 1 moves along two adjacent support rods within the hollow area 202.

[0029] Example 1 provides a transportation and installation device for large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic modules, such as... Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the support plate 101 is a rectangular plate, the width of which matches the hollow area 202 between the two parallel support rods 201. A support plate 3 and a transport groove 4 are fixedly installed on the support plate 101. A gripping mechanism 6 is provided on the support. The gripping mechanism 6 is installed on the support plate 3 through a swing frame 7. The support plate 3 is installed on one side of the center line of the length of the support plate 101. The transport groove 4 is located on the same side of the support plate 3, and the transport groove 4 is set off the center line, with most of it extending out of the outside of the support plate 101. Under the action of the swing frame 7, the gripping mechanism 6 is located directly above the transport groove 4, which can facilitate the gripping of the solar panel 5 in the transport groove 4, or swing to the hollow area 202 located on the side away from the transport groove 4 to lay the gripped solar panel 5 in the hollow area 202 between the two support rods 201, and then fix the laid solar panel 5 by hand.

[0030] The transport tank 4 in Example 1, such as Figures 5 to 7As shown, the transport trough 4 is an open-top square receiving trough that matches the shape and size of the solar panel 5. The width direction is a frame, and the length direction is a rectangular plate. A spring plate 401 is slidably arranged in the transport trough 4. The spring plate 401 is arranged along the length direction of the transport trough 4, and its two ends extend from the width direction of the transport trough 4. Support plates 402 are fixed at both ends of the top of the transport trough 4. Tension springs 403 are respectively provided between the two ends of the spring plate 401 extending out of the transport trough 4 and the two support plates 402 at the top of the transport trough 4. There are a total of four tension springs 403, two on each side. The tension springs 403 are used for resetting and automatically pushing the solar panel 5. Rings 404 for installing tension springs 403 are respectively provided on the spring plate 401 and the support plate 402. The upper and lower ends of the tension springs 403 are respectively fixed on the corresponding rings 404. Two sets of elastic limiting buckles are provided on the support plate 402 on the side away from the installation transport vehicle 1. The two sets of elastic limiting buckles are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the transport trough 4. Each set of elastic limiting buckles includes a support frame 405 and a spring rod 406 slidably mounted on the support frame 405. The support frame 405 is fixedly mounted on the support plate 402. The support frame 405 is a right triangle with the right angle facing upwards. The hypotenuse of the support frame 405 is away from the installation transport vehicle 1. One right angle side is on the height extension line of the transport trough 4 frame, and the other right angle side is horizontal. The spring rod 406 is inclined on the support frame. On 405, the angle formed by the spring rod 406 and the horizontal right-angle side of the support frame 405 is 45 degrees. A spring 407 is provided between the end of the spring rod 406 and the support frame 405. One end of the spring 407 is fixedly connected to the spring rod 406, and the other end is fixedly connected to the support frame 405. Under normal conditions, the spring rod 406 extends to the front and rear baffle surfaces of the transport trough 4 under the action of the spring 407, and can block the uppermost solar panel 5 that is higher than the top surface of the transport trough 4. The front end of the spring rod 406 is also provided with a slope, so that when the solar panel 5 is clamped, the spring rod 406 can make room.

[0031] Example 1, as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the swing frame 7 includes an upper support 701 and a lower support 702 rotatably mounted on a support plate 3. The upper support 701 and the lower support 702 are arranged in parallel. A directional motor 703 is fixedly mounted on the support plate 3. The directional motor 703 is located on the side of the support plate 3 away from the upper and lower supports. The output shaft of the directional motor 703 passes through the support plate 3 and is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft of the upper support 701. A drive gear 704 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the directional motor 703. A synchronous gear 705 is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft of the lower support 702. The drive gear 704 and the synchronous gear 705 are connected by a transmission belt 706. The gripping mechanism 6 is located at the end of the upper and lower supports away from the support plate 3 and is hinged to the upper support 701 and the lower support 702 respectively.

[0032] In Example 1, as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the gripping mechanism 6 includes a rectangular frame 601, a gripping motor 605, and two sets of gripping mechanisms. The rectangular frame 601 is hinged to the swing frame 7 via a connecting frame 609. The connecting frame 609 is located on one side of the rectangular frame 601 and is hinged to the upper support 701 and the lower support 702 respectively. Two gripping fixed rods 602 are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the rectangular frame 601. A gripping fixed plate 603 is fixedly connected between the two gripping fixed rods 602. The gripping fixed plate 603 is located at the center of the gripping fixed rods 602. A gripping center rod 604 is rotatably connected to the surface of the gripping fixed plate 603. The gripping motor 605 is fixedly installed at the center of the gripping fixed plate 603. The central rotating rod of the gripping center rod 604 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the gripping motor 605. The two sets of gripping mechanisms... Symmetrically arranged at both ends of the clamping center rod 604, each clamping mechanism includes a clamping slide plate 606 and a clamping plate 607. Two clamping slide plates 606 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping fixed plate 603. The two ends of each clamping slide plate 606 are slidably connected to two clamping fixed rods 602 respectively. The two ends of the clamping center rod 604 are respectively connected to the two sets of clamping slide plates 606 through connecting rods 608. One end of the connecting rod 608 is hinged to the clamping slide plate 606, and the other end is hinged to the clamping center rod 604. The clamping plate 607 is fixedly installed below the clamping slide plate 606, and the two clamping plates 607 are arranged vertically opposite each other. The clamping surfaces of the two clamping plates 607 are respectively provided with grooves. The grooves increase the friction of the clamping surfaces to facilitate the clamping of the solar panel 5. The grooves can be made of rubber or sponge pads.

[0033] The working process of this invention is as follows: A photovoltaic frame 2 is manually assembled in advance, constructed according to the local terrain. Then, based on the spacing and shape of each track on the photovoltaic frame 2, an installation transport vehicle 1 is welded and assembled. The installation transport vehicle 1 is custom-made and placed in the hollow area 202 of the photovoltaic frame 2. Two support rods 201 on both sides of the hollow area 202 serve as the walking track, supporting the movement of the installation transport vehicle 1. Since there are multiple support rods 201 on the photovoltaic frame 2, a hollow area 202 is formed between two adjacent rods. Therefore, when installing the first row of solar panels 6, the installation transport vehicle 1 is installed in the adjacent second row hollow area 202. At this time, the transport trough 4 is placed in the third row hollow area 202, without affecting the installation of the solar panels 5 in the first row hollow area 202.

[0034] After the installation transport vehicle 1 is installed, the solar panels 5 are manually placed into the transport trough 4 one by one. The first solar panel 5 contacts the spring plate 401. As more solar panels 5 are added, the spring plate 401 gradually descends, and the tension spring 403 is gradually stretched. After placement is complete, the top solar panel 5 is restricted by the spring rod 406 to prevent it from slipping away. After placement is complete, the installation transport vehicle 1 moves along the second row of hollow areas 202. Under the action of the swing frame 7, the gripping mechanism 6 first swings to the top of the transport trough 4 to grip the solar panels 5 in the transport trough 4. Specifically, the direction motor 703 is started to drive the upper bracket 701 to rotate. Under the action of the drive gear 704, the transmission belt 706, and the synchronous gear 705, the lower bracket 702 also rotates at the same time. The simultaneous rotation of the upper bracket 701 and the lower bracket 702 rotates the gripping mechanism 6 to the top of the transport trough 4. Then, the gripping motor 605 is started to drive the gripping center rod 604 to rotate. The gripping center rod 604 drives the connecting rod 608 to rotate. This pushes the clamping slide plate 606 to slide, and the two clamping slide plates 606 will clamp the uppermost solar panel 5 in the transport groove 4. After clamping, the direction motor 703 is started to reverse and remove the solar panel 5. When the solar panel 5 is removed, the spring rod 406 will slide on the support frame 405, the spring 407 is compressed, and the spring rod 406 moves aside, so that the uppermost solar panel 5 can be clamped and taken away. When the solar panel 5 passes the spring rod 406, the spring 407 returns to its original position with the spring rod 406. At the same time, the tension spring 403 lifts the spring plate 401, lifting the next solar panel 5 for use, and the solar panel 5 is limited by the spring rod 406.

[0035] After the gripping mechanism 6 grips the solar panel 5, the drive direction motor 703 is reversed, and the gripping mechanism 6 is rotated above the first row of hollow areas via the swing frame 7. Then, the drive direction motor 703 is reversed again, and the clamping mechanism is lowered to approach the first row of hollow areas of the photovoltaic frame 2. When the clamped solar panel 5 contacts the photovoltaic frame 2, the clamping motor 605 is reversed to release the solar panel 5 and place it on the first row of hollow areas of the photovoltaic frame 2. Then, the direction motor 703 is reversed again to grip the next solar panel 5. At the same time, the walking motor 103 is started to drive the walking roller 104 to rotate, so that the installation and transport vehicle 1 moves on the photovoltaic frame 2 to the position to place the next solar panel 5. This cycle continues until all the solar panels 5 in the first row of hollow areas 202 of the photovoltaic frame 2 are laid out. Then, they are manually installed and fixed, and the solar panels 5 are installed in the first row of hollow areas 202 of the photovoltaic frame 2.

[0036] After the solar panels 5 are installed in the first row of hollow areas, the installation transport vehicle 1 is manually disassembled and moved to the track in the third row of hollow areas. The above process is then repeated for the placement and installation of solar panels 5 in the second row of hollow areas. This process is repeated for all areas of the entire photovoltaic rack except for the last row of hollow areas. During the installation process, the last row of hollow areas is only used as a walking track and does not require the installation of solar panels 5.

[0037] Example 2 provides a method for transporting and installing mobile photovoltaic modules on a large-span steel beam roof. Specifically, it uses the large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic module transport and installation device from Example 1 for transportation and installation, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct the foundation for the photovoltaic support according to the design requirements, ensuring the foundation is flat and stable. This can be done using concrete pouring or precast foundations. Then, fix the columns to the foundation, securing them in the designed positions. Ensure the columns' verticality, horizontality, and height meet the requirements; a spirit level and plumb bob can be used for calibration. Next, install the photovoltaic frame 2 on the columns. The photovoltaic frame 2 consists of multiple support rods 201, forming multiple rows of parallel hollow areas 202. Securely connect the photovoltaic frame to the columns, ensuring the support rods are firmly connected to the columns and that the horizontality meets the requirements; fasteners can be used for fixation. The multiple rows of hollow areas 202 are used to install the solar panels 5 and serve as the travel area for the transport vehicle 1. Step 2: Assemble and weld the transport vehicle 1 according to the width of the hollow area 202 of the photovoltaic frame 2. The width of the support plate 101 of the transport vehicle 1 is slightly larger than the width of the hollow area 202, so that it can be erected on two adjacent support rods 201. The groove formed by the two L-shaped support plates 102 and the support plate 101 of the transport vehicle 1 is exactly matched with the width of the support rod, so it can slide and connect with the two adjacent support rods 201, and move along the two adjacent support rods 201 under the action of the traveling rollers 104. Step 3: Install the assembled installation and transport vehicle 1 in the second row of hollow area 202 track of photovoltaic frame 2. At this time, the transport trough 4 is located above the adjacent third row of hollow area 202. The solar panels 5 are stacked one by one in the transport trough 4. The first solar panel 5 placed contacts the spring plate 401. The spring plate 401 will gradually slide down in the transport trough 4 until all the solar panels 5 in the transport trough 4 are placed. Step 4: Start the directional motor 703 to drive the lower bracket 702 and the upper bracket 701 to rotate, move the gripping mechanism 6 to directly above the stacked solar panels 5, and use the gripping center rod 604 to drive the gripping slide plate 606 and gripping plate 607 to slide. The gripping plates 607 on both sides work at the same time to grip the uppermost solar panel 5 in the transport groove 4. After gripping a solar panel 5, the weight of the solar panel 5 in the transport groove 4 decreases, the tension spring 403 will return to a certain distance, the spring plate 401 will rise, and send the next solar panel 5 upward. The spring rod 406 plays a limiting role to continue to limit the uppermost solar panel 5. Step 5: After the gripping mechanism 6 grips the solar panel 5, the direction motor 703 is started to reverse, which moves the gripping mechanism 6 holding the solar panel 5 to the top of the first row of hollow areas of the photovoltaic frame 2 adjacent to the installation transport vehicle 1. The direction motor 703 is reversed again, which can move the gripping mechanism 6 down to the position adjacent to the surface of the photovoltaic frame 2. The gripping motor 605 is controlled to reverse, and the gripped solar panel 5 is placed at the corresponding position above the photovoltaic frame 1. Step 6: Then start the walking motor 103 to drive the installation transport vehicle 1 to move the distance to the next solar panel installation position, and repeat steps 4 and 5 to complete the installation of the next solar panel. The second solar panel is right next to the first solar panel. Step 7: Repeat Step 6 to complete the installation of solar panels 5 in the first row of hollow areas. During installation, ensure that adjacent solar panels 5 are laid in the same area without gaps. After all solar panels in the first row of hollow areas are installed, the laid solar panels can be installed and fixed manually or with other auxiliary tools. Install the photovoltaic frame 2 into the photovoltaic panel installation area. During installation, ensure that the solar panels 5 are firmly connected to the photovoltaic frame 2 and that the angle is adjustable. Pay attention to the spacing between solar panels 5 and shading issues. Install the connectors between each component to ensure that the connection is firm and stable. Step 8: After all the solar panels in the first row of hollow areas are installed, remove the installation and transport vehicle 1 and install it in the third row of hollow areas. Repeat steps 3 to 7 to complete the installation of the solar panels in the second row of hollow areas. Step 9: Install solar panels on all areas of photovoltaic frame 2 except for the last row of hollow areas, following the steps above. Solar panels may not be installed in the last row of hollow areas, or they may be installed manually.

[0038] The above description is merely one embodiment of the present invention, and while it is detailed and specific, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A transportation and installation device for photovoltaic modules on a large-span steel beam roof, characterized in that: The device includes an installation transport vehicle (1) and a photovoltaic frame (2). The photovoltaic frame (2) is a support formed by connecting multiple parallel support rods (201) at equal intervals. A hollow area (202) for installing solar panels (5) is formed between two adjacent parallel support rods (201). The two support rods (201) on both sides of the hollow area (202) serve as a walking track to support the installation transport vehicle (1) to move without the need for a separate walking track. The installation transport vehicle (1) includes a support plate (101). A walking mechanism matching the walking track on the photovoltaic frame (2) is provided at the bottom of the support plate (101). A support plate (3) and a transport groove (4) are fixedly installed on the support plate (101). A gripping mechanism (6) is provided on the support plate (3). The gripping mechanism (6) is installed on the support plate (3) via a swing frame (7). The support plate (3) is fixed to one side of the support plate (101). The transport groove (4) is located on the same side of the support plate (3) and in front of the support plate (3). The swing frame (7) includes a directional motor (703) and an upper bracket (703) rotatably mounted on the support plate (3). 1) Lower bracket (702): The upper bracket (701) and the lower bracket (702) are arranged in parallel. The directional motor (703) is fixedly installed on the support plate (3). The output shaft of the directional motor (703) is connected to the rotating shafts of the upper bracket (701) and the lower bracket (702) through a transmission mechanism, and can control the two brackets to rotate along the support plate (3) at the same time. The gripping mechanism (6) is set at the free end of the swing frame (7) and is hinged to the upper bracket (701) and the lower bracket (702) respectively. The installation and transport vehicle (1) travels in the hollow area (202) between two adjacent support rods (201). After it reaches the position, the gripping mechanism (6) is controlled to rotate left and right by the swing frame (7). Under the action of the swing frame (7), the gripping mechanism (6) rotates to the top of the transport trough (4) and grabs the solar panel (5) in the transport trough (4). Then, the gripping mechanism is rotated to the top of the adjacent hollow area (202) on the side away from the transport trough (4) by the swing frame (7), and the grabbed solar panel (5) is laid in the adjacent hollow area (202).

2. The large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic module transportation and installation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport trough (4) is an open-top receiving trough that matches the shape and size of the solar panel (5). Its width direction is an open surface. A spring plate (401) is slidably arranged in the transport trough (4). The spring plate (401) is arranged along the length direction of the transport trough (4). Its two ends extend from the open area in the width direction of the transport trough (4). Support plates (402) are fixedly provided at both ends of the open surface of the transport trough (4). Tension springs (403) are provided between the two ends of the spring plate (401) extending out of the transport trough (4) and the two support plates (402) at the top of the transport trough (4). Two sets of elastic limiting buckles are provided on the support plate (402) on the side away from the installation transport vehicle (1). The two sets of elastic limiting buckles are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the transport trough (4) and limit the uppermost solar panel (5) on the top surface of the transport trough (4).

3. A transportation and installation device for large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hollow area (202) in the last row of the photovoltaic frame (2) is not used to install solar panels (5), but only serves as the walking area for the installation and transport vehicle (1).

4. A transportation and installation device for large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The gripping mechanism (6) includes a rectangular frame (601), a gripping motor (605), and two sets of gripping mechanisms. The rectangular frame (601) is hinged to the swing frame (7) via a connecting frame (609). The connecting frame (609) is located on one side of the rectangular frame (601) and is hinged to the ends of the upper support (701) and the lower support (702), respectively. Two gripping rods (602) are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the rectangular frame (601). A gripping plate (603) is fixedly connected between the two gripping rods (602). The gripping plate (603) is located at the center of the gripping rods (602). A gripping center rod (604) is rotatably connected to the surface of the gripping plate (603). The gripping motor (605) is fixedly installed at the center of the gripping plate (603). The center of the gripping center rod (604) is rotated. The rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the clamping motor (605). Two sets of clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the clamping center rod (604). Each set of clamping mechanisms includes a clamping slide plate (606) and a clamping plate (607). The two clamping slide plates (606) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clamping fixed plate (603). The two ends of each clamping slide plate (606) are slidably connected to two clamping fixed rods (602). The two ends of the clamping center rod (604) are connected to the two sets of clamping slide plates (606) through connecting rods (608). One end of the connecting rod (608) is hinged to the clamping slide plate (606), and the other end is hinged to the clamping center rod (604). The clamping plate (607) is fixedly installed below the clamping slide plate (606), and the two clamping plates (607) are arranged vertically opposite each other. Grooves are provided on the clamping surfaces of the two clamping plates (607).

5. A transportation and installation device for large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The support rod (201) is a square-section support rod, and the support rod (201) serves as a walking track. The walking mechanism includes two L-shaped support plates (102) symmetrically welded to the bottom of the support plate (101). The groove surfaces of the two L-shaped support plates (102) face outwards, and the two L-shaped support plates (102) and the support plate (101) form grooves that match the support rod (201). Multiple walking rollers (104) are rotatably installed in the groove areas on both sides. The multiple walking rollers (104) are arranged vertically and parallel in the groove areas. Each walking roller (104) is connected to a walking motor (103). Controlled, the walking motor (103) is fixedly installed on the support plate (101), and the output shaft of the walking motor (103) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the corresponding walking roller (104); the width of the support plate (101) matches the width of the hollow area (202) between two adjacent support rods, and can be erected above the two adjacent support rods. The bottom of the installation transport vehicle (1) is slidably connected to the two adjacent support rods (201) through the groove formed by the two L-shaped support plates (102) and the support plate (101), and the roller surfaces of the multiple walking rollers (104) slide in contact with the side of the corresponding support rod (201).

6. A transportation and installation device for large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic modules according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The support plate (3) is installed on one side of the length center line of the support plate (101), and the transport groove (4) is located on the other side of the length center line of the support plate (101), with most of the transport groove (4) extending out of the outside of the support plate (101).

7. A large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic module transportation and installation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The directional motor (703) is located on the side of the support plate (3) away from the upper and lower supports. The output shaft of the directional motor (703) passes through the support plate (3) and is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft of the upper support (701). The transmission mechanism includes a drive gear (704) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the directional motor (703) and a synchronous gear (705) fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft of the lower support (702). The drive gear (704) and the synchronous gear (705) are connected by a transmission belt (706).

8. The large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic module transportation and installation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are four tension springs (403) in total, two on each side. Rings (404) for mounting the tension springs (403) are respectively provided on the spring plate (401) and the support plate (402). The upper and lower ends of the tension springs (403) are respectively fixed to the corresponding rings (404). Each set of elastic limiting buckles includes a support frame (405) and a spring rod (406) slidably mounted on the support frame (405). The support frame (405) is fixedly mounted on the support plate (402). The support frame (405) is a right triangle with the right angle pointing upwards. The hypotenuse of the support frame (405) is away from the installation transport vehicle (1), and one of the right angle sides is at the height of the transport trough (4) frame. On the extension line, the other right-angled side is horizontal. The spring rod (406) is inclined on the support frame (405). The angle formed by the spring rod (406) and the horizontal right-angled side of the support frame (405) is 45 degrees. A spring (407) is provided between the end of the spring rod (406) and the support frame (405). One end of the spring (407) is fixedly connected to the spring rod (406), and the other end is fixedly connected to the support frame (405). The front end of the spring rod (406) is also provided with a slope. Under normal conditions, the spring rod (406) extends to the front and rear baffles of the transport trough (4) under the action of the spring (407), and can block the uppermost solar panel (5) that is higher than the top surface of the transport trough (4).

9. A method for transporting and installing mobile photovoltaic modules on a large-span steel beam roof, characterized in that: The method uses the large-span steel beam roof photovoltaic module transportation and installation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 to install solar panels, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Construct the foundation of the photovoltaic support according to the design requirements, and fix the columns on the foundation. Then install the photovoltaic frame on the columns and connect the photovoltaic frame to the columns firmly. The photovoltaic frame is composed of multiple support rods, forming multiple rows of parallel hollow areas. Step 2: Assemble and weld the transport vehicle according to the width of the hollow area of ​​the photovoltaic frame. Install the assembled transport vehicle in the second row of hollow area tracks of the photovoltaic frame. At this time, the transport trough is located above the adjacent third row of hollow area. Stack the solar panels one by one in the transport trough. Step 3: Start the directional motor to drive the lower and upper supports to rotate, move the gripping mechanism to directly above the stacked solar panels, and use the clamping mechanism to grip the top layer of solar panels in the transport trough; then turn the directional motor in the opposite direction to move the gripping mechanism with the solar panels to above the first row of hollow areas of the photovoltaic rack near the installation transport vehicle; continue to turn the directional motor in the opposite direction to move the gripping mechanism down to a position near the surface of the photovoltaic rack, and control the clamping mechanism to release and place the gripped solar panels in the corresponding positions above the photovoltaic rack; Step 4: Control the installation and transport vehicle to move to the next solar panel installation position, and then repeat Step 3 to complete the installation of the next solar panel. The second solar panel is right next to the first solar panel. Step 5: Repeat Step 4 to complete the installation of solar panels in the first row of hollow areas. During the installation process, ensure that adjacent solar panels are laid in the same area without any gaps between them. After all the solar panels in the first row of hollow areas are installed, use manual labor or other auxiliary tools to install and fix the installed solar panels. Step Six: After all the solar panels in the first row of hollow areas are installed, remove the installation and transport vehicle and install it in the third row of hollow areas, then fill the transport trough with photovoltaic panels; repeat steps three to five to complete the installation of solar panels in the second row of hollow areas. Step 7: Install solar panels on all areas of the photovoltaic frame except for the last row of hollow areas, following the steps above. Do not install solar panels on the last row of hollow areas, or use other methods to install them.

10. A method for transporting and installing mobile photovoltaic modules on a large-span steel beam roof according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step two, the width of the support plate of the transport and installation vehicle matches the width of the hollow area and is erected on two adjacent support rods of the photovoltaic frame. The bottom of the support plate of the transport and installation vehicle is symmetrically provided with two sets of L-shaped support plates. The two sets of L-shaped support plates form grooves with the support plate that match the support rods. Traveling rollers are installed in the grooves. The transport and installation vehicle is slidably connected to the adjacent support rods through the grooves on both sides. The traveling rollers slide in contact with the sides of the support rods and can move along the support rods. A spring plate is provided in the transport trough. The first solar panel placed contacts the spring plate, and the spring plate will gradually slide down in the transport trough until all the solar panels in the transport trough are placed, at which point the spring plate is located at the bottom of the transport trough. In step three, after a solar panel is clamped, the spring plate in the transport groove is raised to send the next solar panel upward. The clamping mechanism is controlled by a clamping motor. When clamping a solar panel, the clamping motor controls the rotation of the clamping center rod, thereby driving the clamping slide to move in the opposite direction along the clamping fixed rod, and clamping the uppermost solar panel through the clamping plate. After clamping in place, the clamping motor is rotated in the opposite direction to control the clamping slide to move in the opposite direction along the clamping fixed rod, placing the solar panel in the corresponding position above the photovoltaic frame.

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