Solvent-free silicone-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fire-retardant coating for steel structures, its preparation method, and its application. This fire-retardant coating exhibits better adhesion, flexibility, and resilience to steel structures, has a suitable gel time, and its high solids content increases the thickness of a single application. It contains no organic solvents, cures at room temperature, and also possesses good radiation resistance. The expanded carbon layer is dense and hard, requiring no mesh and is not prone to detachment. The preparation method is simple and suitable for industrial production. Its application to steel structures in the petroleum, petrochemical, and nuclear power industries demonstrates excellent performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coating technology, specifically to a solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fireproof coating for steel structures, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of society and the continuous improvement of building materials, steel structures are widely used in shopping malls, railway stations, nuclear power plants, petrochemical industries, office buildings, bridges and other construction fields due to their high strength, light weight and short construction time. Although steel structures themselves are non-combustible, their high thermal conductivity can cause the temperature of the steel structure to rise sharply and lose strength, thus leading to building collapse. Studies have shown that when the temperature exceeds 500℃, the strength of steel structures is lost by 40-50%, and when the temperature reaches 600℃, the strength is completely lost. Therefore, the use of fireproof coatings to delay heat transfer is of great significance.

[0003] Intumescent fire-retardant coatings primarily use acrylic and epoxy resins. Acrylic fire-retardant coatings offer advantages such as high expansion ratio and dense carbon layer, but suffer from poor water resistance, weather resistance, and durability. They also experience slow drying in winter and are prone to detachment of the carbon layer without a reinforcing mesh. Epoxy fire-retardant coatings are generally two-component, with epoxy resin as the film-forming agent and an amine-based curing agent. Epoxy 128 resin / polyamide curing agent is more suitable for intumescent epoxy fire-retardant coatings. During application, the base material and curing agent are simply mixed in the correct proportions. Compared to acrylic fire-retardant coatings, epoxy fire-retardant coatings provide better sealing of the substrate, preventing flame-retardant components from migrating to the coating surface. Their fire-retardant performance is influenced by time and environmental factors. It has minimal environmental impact, good electrical insulation, fast drying speed, and excellent corrosion resistance. Epoxy resin has strong adhesion and good bonding to most substrates, remaining adhered to the substrate surface even after accidents such as hydrocarbon explosions. After curing, it has high mechanical strength and good resistance to damp heat, acids and alkalis, media, and insulation. Epoxy resin is a thermosetting resin with good resistance to hydrocarbon fires and is widely used in the petrochemical industry. It is also a good carbon source. However, due to the internal stress of epoxy resin, it has relatively high brittleness and weather resistance issues, often affecting its fire resistance. Polyamide curing agents are usually used to improve weather resistance and toughness. The expanded carbon layer of epoxy intumescent fire retardant coatings will not suffer from whitening or peeling, as it is a material with extremely low thermal conductivity. Different fire types require different coating properties, and epoxy fire retardant coatings are more suitable for hydrocarbon fires.

[0004] Compared to the oil and petrochemical industry, fire-retardant coatings for the nuclear power sector not only need to have good fire resistance but also excellent radiation resistance and detergency. Therefore, it is essential to provide a fire-retardant coating that meets these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fireproof coating for steel structures, its preparation method, and its application.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The first aspect of this invention provides a method for preparing a solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fire-retardant coating for steel structures. This fire-retardant coating is obtained by mixing component A and component B in a 1:1 mass ratio and then curing them into a film at room temperature. The compositions of components A and B, by mass parts, are as follows: component A comprises 20-50 parts epoxy resin, 20-50 parts polysiloxane oligomer, 20-50 parts first intumescent flame retardant, 5-10 parts liquid flame retardant, and high radiation resistance... Component A comprises 10-20 parts of warm-temperature pigment and filler, 1-2 parts of reactive diluent, 5-10 parts of refractory fiber, and 1-3 parts of additives; Component B comprises 10-33 parts of curing agent, 10-25 parts of crosslinking agent, 15-35 parts of secondary intumescent flame retardant, 7-25 parts of coupling agent, 15-25 parts of smoke-suppressing flame retardant, 3-8 parts of catalyst, 3-6 parts of phenolic compound and diluent, 10-15 parts of radiation-resistant and high-temperature resistant pigment and filler, 3-8 parts of refractory fiber, and 1-3 parts of additives. It should be noted that the viscosities of components A and B at 23°C are 149,100 cp and 503,000 cp, respectively, measured using a rotational viscometer.

[0008] Furthermore, in component A, the epoxy resin is at least two of bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, resorcinol epoxy resin, and alicyclic glycidyl ester epoxy resin, or a mixture of bisphenol A and bisphenol F resins; for example, EP1510, EP1513, 128, etc. Specifically, the epoxy equivalent of the bisphenol A epoxy resin is 184–190, the epoxy equivalent of the bisphenol F epoxy resin is 225–253, the epoxy equivalent of the resorcinol epoxy resin is 130–137, and the epoxy equivalent of the halogen-free flame-retardant high-carbon-residue epoxy resin is 190–230.

[0009] Furthermore, in component A, the polysiloxane oligomer is one or two of phenyl vinyl silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil, amino silicone oil, and hydroxyl silicone oil; wherein the polysiloxane is phenyl vinyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 700-900 mPa·s, dimethyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 100-160 mPa·s, and hydroxyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 500-700 mPa·s.

[0010] Furthermore, in component A, the first intumescent flame retardant is one or more of melamine, pentaerythritol, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, and tannic acid; the liquid flame retardant is a halogen-free, high-molecular-weight, low-polyphosphate flame retardant, which also has a plasticizing effect. The reactive diluent is β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) or 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA); wherein the viscosity of β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is 80–120 mPa·s, and the viscosity of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) is 100–180 mPa·s.

[0011] Furthermore, in component B, the curing agent is at least two of phenolic amines, polyamides, amide amines, alicyclic amines, fatty amines, and polyether amines. The curing agent is preferably a Huntsman or Evonik polyamide series curing agent, such as Huntsman 450 or Evonik 903MAV. The crosslinking agent is one or two of the trifunctional organosilicon crosslinking agents methyltriethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, and phenyltributylone oxime silane; the tetrafunctional organosilicon crosslinking agent is one or two of tetraethyl orthosilicate and methyl orthosilicate.

[0012] Furthermore, in component B, the second intumescent flame retardant is a CPN system and 200-mesh expanded graphite. Compared with acrylic intumescent fire-retardant coatings, the ternary system contains very little or no of the second intumescent flame retardant.

[0013] Furthermore, in component B, the coupling agent is one or two of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethylsilane, and γ-chloropropyltriethoxysilane; the smoke suppressant and flame retardant is a zirconium-containing compound, a layered flame retardant (a mixture of MgO and Al2O3), or a molybdenum compound; the catalyst is a Pt catalyst, one or two of tetrabutyl titanate and isopropyl titanate; and the phenolic compound and diluent are trimethylphenol or dimethylaniline.

[0014] Furthermore, in components A and B, the refractory fibers are at least two of the following: glass fiber, high-alumina fiber, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber, high-silica fiber, polyamide fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber, and mineral fiber, each with a length of 3 mm; the radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant pigments and fillers are mica, titanium dioxide, silica, barium sulfate, talc, hydrated aluminum hydroxide, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, basalt flakes, graphene, or copper oxide; the additives include rheology modifiers, defoamers, and wetting agents; wherein the rheology modifier is BYK-1958, the defoamer is BYK-A530, and the wetting agent is DIG670. DIG670 has a good viscosity-reducing effect, which is beneficial for preparing solvent-free fire-retardant coatings.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention provides a solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating prepared by the above-described method for preparing such a coating.

[0016] A third aspect of this invention provides the application of the solvent-free silicone-epoxy fire-retardant coating for steel structures as described above in the steel structure field of the petroleum, petrochemical, and nuclear power industries.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects of the present invention include at least the following:

[0018] 1. This invention introduces macromolecular polyamide curing agents and amide-amine curing agents. Amide-amines have low viscosity and are suitable for solvent-free epoxy fire-retardant coatings, but their curing is relatively slow. Introducing polyamide curing agents accelerates surface drying and curing time. At the same time, amide-amines can release ammonia gas at high temperatures, reducing the use of foaming agents. The introduction of phosphate ester flame retardants has flame-retardant and plasticizing effects. The polymetaphosphoric acid generated during combustion is a strong acid and a strong dehydrating agent, which can accelerate the dehydration and char formation of the material, reducing the introduction of ammonium polyphosphate. Since ammonium polyphosphate is prone to decomposition, reducing its introduction can effectively improve flame-retardant stability. Using epoxy resin as a carbon source eliminates the need for pentaerythritol, moving beyond the traditional ternary fire-retardant system. The introduction of polyamide fibers and poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fibers can effectively improve the expansion ratio and fire resistance time. The introduction of carbon fibers increases the overall integrity of the coating and reduces the complex construction procedures of mesh reinforcement.

[0019] 2. A suitable expanded carbon layer density can not only reduce the cracking of the carbon layer, but also greatly improve the refractory time.

[0020] 3. Combining epoxy resin with silicone resin improves the problem of low mechanical strength and cracking caused by low crosslinking density in silicone fire-retardant coatings. Furthermore, the crosslinking structure formed by silicone under the action of the crosslinking agent and the three-dimensional network structure formed by epoxy resin after curing interpenetrate with each other to form a dense spatial crosslinking structure, which improves the mechanical impact resistance of the coating. At the same time, the use of macromolecular polyamide curing agent effectively solves the problem of non-expansion when exposed to fire caused by high degree of crosslinking in the coating.

[0021] 4. The electrical insulation properties of epoxy resin, along with the introduction of silica, mica, basalt flakes, and graphene, greatly improve the corrosion resistance of fire-retardant coatings, solving the problem of accidents caused by internal steel structure corrosion in extreme corrosive environments such as petrochemical and nuclear power plants.

[0022] 5. After calcination, the carbon layer of the silicone-epoxy fire retardant coating is dense and has high hardness, and it still adheres firmly to the surface of the substrate, which solves the problem that the expanded carbon layer of acrylic fire retardant coatings is soft and easy to fall off in the fire after whitening.

[0023] 6. Epoxy resin has a low shrinkage rate after curing (1-2%), while silicone fire retardant coatings have a higher shrinkage rate after curing (4-8%). The epoxy-silicone fire retardant coating composed of the two improves the problem of high shrinkage after coating curing.

[0024] 7. Multiple curing agents can be used in combination with silicone resin to achieve good coating flexibility without the need to add toughening agents, thus solving the problem of reduced impact resistance caused by coating brittleness.

[0025] 8. It cures at room temperature, has a suitable gel time, and is easy to apply. It can be used for both airless mechanical spraying (heated airless spraying is required when the temperature is low, and the temperature should not exceed 60℃) and manual application.

[0026] 9. High solids content ≥99%, solvent-free, low VOC, green and environmentally friendly.

[0027] 10. In the nuclear power field, organosilicon film-forming materials contain Si-O-Si bonds with a bond energy of 450 KJ / mol. The introduction of organosilicon into epoxy greatly improves the problems of poor high temperature resistance, radiation resistance, and weather resistance of fire-retardant coatings. Epoxy fire-retardant coatings will powder after long-term exposure to gamma rays, and harmful rays are easily left on the surface. Due to its low surface energy, non-stick properties, and resistance to chemical cleaning agents, organosilicon improves the decontamination rate of the coating surface.

[0028] 11. In the oil and petrochemical industry, this fire-retardant coating has strong adhesion, can resist coating peeling caused by minor explosions, and has good resistance to hydrocarbon fires.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0030] This invention provides a solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fire-retardant coating for steel structures, its preparation method, and its application. This fire-retardant coating exhibits better adhesion, flexibility, and resilience to steel structures, has a suitable gel time, and its high solids content increases the thickness of a single application. It contains no organic solvents, cures at room temperature, and also possesses good radiation resistance. The expanded carbon layer is dense and hard, requiring no mesh and is not easily detached. The preparation method is simple and suitable for industrial production. Its application to steel structures in the petroleum, petrochemical, and nuclear power industries demonstrates excellent performance. Attached Figure Description

[0031] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments, and unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the expanded carbon layer of the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fireproof coating for steel structures prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2The back temperature curves of the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fireproof coating for steel structures prepared in Example 1 of the present invention under different thickness conditions are shown.

[0034] Figure 3 The results are the performance test results of the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating prepared in Example 1 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The inventors discovered that polysiloxanes, due to the high bond energy of their Si-O-Si bonds, are difficult to generate free radicals and undergo oxidation reactions, thus exhibiting excellent high-temperature resistance, radiation resistance, and weather resistance. Furthermore, under radiation conditions, organosilicon crosslinks rather than degrades, forming a network polymer. The conjugated double bonds in the aromatic rings and the large π bonds in the benzene ring absorb radiation energy, stabilizing the structure of the fire-retardant coating. The presence of methyl groups (hydrophobic groups) in the side chains of organosilicon resins enhances the water resistance of the coating. Epoxy fire-retardant coatings used in the nuclear power industry often choose aromatic curing agents, but these require heat curing, making application inconvenient. This invention… This invention introduces hydroxyl siloxanes, phenolic compounds, and silane-hydrosiloxanes into a conventional epoxy fire-retardant structure to form an organosilicon-epoxy fire-retardant coating. Experiments show that this fire-retardant coating not only withstands hydrocarbon fires but also exhibits good performance in nuclear radiation absorption and conversion. Simultaneously, a large amount of fillers containing active hydroxyl groups, such as mica, talc, and fumed silica, are added. Through physical modification and chemical cross-linking, the prepared fire-retardant coating combines the advantages of both epoxy and organosilicon. This invention produces a coating with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, while the expanded carbon layer possesses good flexibility and durability, solving the problem of cracking and peeling of the carbon layer under extreme conditions.

[0036] This invention provides a method for preparing a solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fireproof coating for steel structures. The fireproof coating is prepared by mixing component A and component B in a mass ratio of 1:1 and then curing them into a film at room temperature.

[0037] The compositions of component A and component B, by mass parts, are as follows:

[0038] Component A includes 20-50 parts epoxy resin, 20-50 parts polysiloxane oligomer, 20-50 parts first intumescent flame retardant, 5-10 parts liquid flame retardant, 10-20 parts radiation-resistant high-temperature pigments and fillers, 1-2 parts reactive diluent, 5-10 parts refractory fiber, and 1-3 parts additives.

[0039] Component B includes 10-33 parts curing agent, 10-25 parts crosslinking agent, 15-35 parts secondary intumescent flame retardant, 7-25 parts coupling agent, 15-25 parts smoke suppressant and flame retardant, 3-8 parts catalyst, 3-6 parts phenolic compound and diluent, 10-15 parts radiation-resistant and high-temperature resistant pigments and fillers, 3-8 parts refractory fiber, and 1-3 parts additives.

[0040] The theoretical and technical approach of this invention is as follows:

[0041] 1. Reaction of epoxy groups with primary and secondary amines containing active hydrogen atoms:

[0042]

[0043] 2. Reaction of epoxide groups with phenols containing active hydrogen:

[0044]

[0045] 3. Crosslinking reaction of organosilicon resin:

[0046]

[0047] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0048] The raw materials used in the examples are all common industrial products in the field, and the fineness of the ground pigments is less than 200μm.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] In this embodiment, all components are expressed in parts by mass.

[0051] Example 1 provides a method for preparing a solvent-free silicone-epoxy fire-retardant coating for steel structures, comprising the following steps:

[0052] I. Preparation of Component A

[0053] First, mix 20 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 10 parts of bisphenol F epoxy resin, 20 parts of phenyl vinyl silicone oil, 1 part of HEMA, 0.55 parts of BYK-1958, 0.5 parts of BYK-A530, and 0.5 parts of Digo 670 at low speed until homogeneous. Strictly control the temperature and increase the speed to add 7.5 parts of foaming agent, 15 parts of catalyst, 10 parts of phosphate flame retardant, 5 parts of titanium dioxide, 1.5 parts of mica, 2.5 parts of barium sulfate, 1 part of silica, 2 parts of carbon fiber, 1 part of high-silica fiber, and 2 parts of polyamide fiber. Disperse for 20 minutes, strictly controlling the temperature not to exceed 60℃. After mixing evenly, stir at low speed for 10 minutes and let stand for 30 minutes before discharging.

[0054] II. Preparation of component B

[0055] Mix 13 parts of phenolic amine curing agent, 10 parts of polyamide curing agent 100# and 200#, 5 parts of fatty amine curing agent, 3 parts of trimethylphenol, 5 parts of methyltriethoxysilane, 5 parts of methyl orthosilicate, 3 parts of γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethylsilane, 4 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 1 part of BYK-1958, and 3 parts of Digo 6700. Stir evenly, strictly controlling the temperature not to exceed 30℃. Increase the speed and add 3.5 parts of foaming agent, 20 parts of catalyst, 10 parts of zinc borate, 1.5 parts of molybdenum trioxide, 3.2 parts of tetrabutyl titanate, 6 parts of titanium dioxide, 1.5 parts of kaolin, 1 part of diatomaceous earth, 1 part of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber, 2 parts of high-alumina fiber, and 1 part of glass fiber. Disperse at high speed for 20 minutes, strictly controlling the temperature not to exceed 55℃. After stirring evenly, stir at low speed for 10 minutes. Let stand for 30 minutes before discharging.

[0056] To use, mix component A and component B in a 1:1 ratio and stir for 5 minutes.

[0057] Test results: gel time 95 min, usable time 200 min, dry film thickness 9.2 mm, surface drying time 5 h, fire resistance 230 min, adhesion 5.7 MPa, good flexibility, expanded carbon layer thickness 17.5 mm, expansion 15 times, comprehensive performance meets GB14907-2018, irradiation treatment according to NB / T20133.3 cumulative nuclear radiation dose ≥1.6×10 5 Gy, the surface showed slight fading, but no powdering, cracking, or peeling.

[0058] Table 1 shows the implementation methods of other embodiments, and the order of addition is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0059] Table 1. Formulation of solvent-free silicone-epoxy fireproof coating for steel structures provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0060]

[0061] The carbon layer test results of the above embodiments are shown in Table 2. Among them, the dry film thickness was 6 mm, cured at room temperature for 20 days, and burned at 15 cm with a blowtorch for 5 minutes to test the carbon layer adhesion, density, etc.

[0062] Table 2. Carbon layer test results for each embodiment.

[0063]

[0064] The radiation resistance of the coatings was tested. Examples 1, 2, and 3 all showed good radiation resistance and no powdering or cracking was observed.

[0065] Viscosity: Measured using a DV2T viscometer, rotor #7, torque 50%, at 20°C for 1 minute.

[0066] Gel time: The time required for the initial viscosity to increase by 100%.

[0067] Expansion coefficient: height of expanded carbon layer / initial dry film thickness.

[0068] Carbon layer density: The number and size of pores in the expanded carbon layer are evaluated and divided into 1-5 levels, with 5 being the best.

[0069] Carbon layer cracking: The number and size of surface cracks are assessed and graded from 1 to 5, with 5 being the best.

[0070] Carbon layer adhesion: The force required for the carbon layer to detach from the substrate, divided into 1-5 levels, with 5 being the best.

[0071] Carbon layer shrinkage: The degree of shrinkage at the edge of the horizontal plane of the substrate, divided into 1-5 levels, with 5 being the best.

[0072] Compared with Example 1, Example 1 has good overall performance, suitable gel time, good flexibility, fire resistance, adhesion and radiation resistance. Therefore, Example 1 is the best example.

[0073] Table 3. Coating thickness and fiber fire resistance time in Example 1

[0074]

[0075] As can be seen from Table 3, the coating thickness is directly related to the fire resistance time. The thicker the coating, the more it can slow down the heat transfer.

[0076] To simulate the actual application environment, the performance was tested using a system of "epoxy zinc-rich primer (60μm) + epoxy binder (30μm) + fire retardant coating". The tests included condensation test, salt spray test, cyclic aging test, hydrocarbon fire resistance test, and adhesion test, all using a 6mm coating thickness.

[0077] in, Figure 1 This is a SEM image of the expanded carbon layer of the solvent-free silicone-epoxy fire-retardant coating for steel structures prepared in Example 1 of this invention. Figure 1 It can be seen that the carbon layer of the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating prepared in the embodiments of the present invention is dense and uniform.

[0078] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the back-temperature curves of the solvent-free silicone-epoxy fire-retardant coating for steel structures prepared in Example 1 of this invention at different thicknesses. Figure 2 It can be seen that the carbon layer of the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating prepared in the embodiments of the present invention has good heat insulation efficiency.

[0079] Figure 3The table shows the performance test results of the solvent-free silicone-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention. As can be seen from Table 3, the coating of the solvent-free silicone-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating prepared in the example of the present invention has excellent physical and chemical properties, adhesion properties, fire resistance properties, and radiation resistance properties.

[0080] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described embodiments are specific examples of implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Any person skilled in the art can make their own modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application; therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fire-retardant coating for steel structures, characterized in that, The fire-retardant coating is prepared by mixing component A and component B in a mass ratio of 1:1 and then curing them into a film at room temperature. The compositions of component A and component B, by mass parts, are as follows: Component A includes 20-50 parts of epoxy resin, 20-50 parts of polysiloxane oligomer, 20-50 parts of first intumescent flame retardant, 5-10 parts of liquid flame retardant, 10-20 parts of radiation-resistant high-temperature pigments and fillers, 1-2 parts of reactive diluent, 5-10 parts of refractory fiber, and 1-3 parts of additives. Component B includes 10-33 parts curing agent, 10-25 parts crosslinking agent, 15-35 parts secondary intumescent flame retardant, 7-25 parts coupling agent, 15-25 parts smoke suppressant and flame retardant, 3-8 parts catalyst, 3-6 parts phenolic compound and diluent, 10-15 parts radiation resistant and high temperature resistant pigments and fillers, 3-8 parts refractory fiber, and 1-3 parts additives; In components A and B, the refractory fiber is at least two of the following: glass fiber, high alumina fiber, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) fiber, high silica fiber, polyamide fiber, carbon fiber, basalt fiber, and mineral fiber, and the length of each fiber is 3 mm. The liquid flame retardant is a halogen-free, high molecular weight, low polyphosphate flame retardant. In component B, the curing agent is at least two of phenolic amine, polyamide, amide amine, alicyclic amine, fatty amine, and polyether amine; The crosslinking agent is a trifunctional organosilicon crosslinking agent and a tetrafunctional organosilicon crosslinking agent. The trifunctional organosilicon crosslinking agent is one or two of methyltriethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, and phenyltributanone oxime silane, and the tetrafunctional organosilicon crosslinking agent is one or two of tetraethyl orthosilicate and methyl orthosilicate. The phenolic compound and diluent are trimethylphenol or dimethylaniline.

2. The preparation method of the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy fireproof coating for steel structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, In component A, the epoxy resin is at least two of bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, resorcinol epoxy resin, and alicyclic glycidyl ester epoxy resin, or a mixture of bisphenol A and bisphenol F. Among them, the epoxy equivalent of bisphenol A epoxy resin is 184~190, the epoxy equivalent of bisphenol F epoxy resin is 225~253, the epoxy equivalent of resorcinol epoxy resin is 130~137, and the epoxy equivalent of halogen-free flame-retardant high carbon residue epoxy resin is 190-230.

3. The preparation method of the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, In component A, the polysiloxane oligomer is one or two of phenyl vinyl silicone oil, dimethyl silicone oil, amino silicone oil, and hydroxyl silicone oil; Among them, the polysiloxane is phenyl vinyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 700~900 mPa.s, the dimethyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 100~160 mPa.s, and the hydroxyl silicone oil with a viscosity of 500-700 mPa.s.

4. The preparation method of the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, In component A, the first intumescent flame retardant is one or more of melamine, pentaerythritol, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc borate, and tannic acid; The reactive diluent is β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate or 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate; wherein the viscosity of β-hydroxyethyl methacrylate is 80~120 mPa·s, and the viscosity of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate is 100~180 mPa·s.

5. The method for preparing the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fire-retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, In component B, the second intumescent flame retardant is a CPN system and 200-mesh expanded graphite.

6. The solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, In component B, the coupling agent is one or two of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrichlorosilane, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethylsilane, and γ-chloropropyltriethoxysilane. The smoke suppressant and flame retardant is a zirconium-containing compound, a layered flame retardant, or a molybdenum compound; The catalyst is a Pt catalyst, one or both of tetrabutyl titanate and isopropyl titanate.

7. The method for preparing the solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fire-retardant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation-resistant and high-temperature-resistant pigments and fillers are mica, titanium dioxide, silica, barium sulfate, talc, polyhydrate aluminum hydroxide, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, basalt flakes, graphene, or copper oxide. The additives include rheology modifiers, defoamers, and wetting agents; wherein the rheology modifier is BYK-1958, the defoamer is BYK-A530, and the wetting agent is Digo 670.

8. The solvent-free organosilicon-epoxy steel structure fireproof coating prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The application of the solvent-free silicone-epoxy fireproof coating for steel structures as described in claim 8 in the steel structure field of the petroleum, petrochemical, and nuclear power industries.

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