Bridge deck expansion joint structure and bridge vibration reduction method

Abstract

The application discloses a bridge deck expansion joint structure and a bridge vibration reduction method, and is used for improving the anti-seismic performance and stability of a bridge when facing earthquakes and other dynamic loads. The system comprises a side beam type steel, an anchor plate, an anchor bar, a middle beam type steel, a rubber strip, a support beam and a displacement box, and a sliding device with a wedge structure. The automatic separation and connection structure of the application can be automatically unlocked during strong vibration, preventing rigid collision and further improving the anti-seismic safety of the bridge. In addition, the system can also avoid resonance with the natural frequency of the bridge by adjusting the vibration frequency in real time, effectively prolonging the service life of the bridge.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a bridge deck expansion joint structure and a bridge vibration reduction method, belonging to the field of expansion joint technology. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge expansion joints are a crucial component of bridge structures, primarily used to compensate for and regulate the expansion and contraction deformation of bridges caused by temperature changes, traffic loads, or other external forces. This device effectively prevents bridge damage due to restricted expansion and contraction, ensuring normal bridge use and traffic safety.

[0003] Modular expansion joints, also known as modular expansion joints, are commonly used in bridges to accommodate large displacement requirements. These joints consist of side beams, anchor plates, anchor bars, middle beams, rubber strips, support beams, and displacement boxes. The side beams are typically located on the outermost side of the expansion joint, serving to secure the entire structure. They are usually firmly connected to the main bridge structure via anchor plates and anchor bars. Anchor plates, as key components connecting the side beams and the bridge structure, are typically made of robust steel plates. The anchor plates are fixed to the bridge concrete or other structural components via anchor bars, thus maintaining the stability of the expansion joint's position; the anchor bars firmly secure the anchor plates to the main bridge structure. These reinforcing bars are embedded deep into the bridge's concrete, ensuring the edge beams can withstand dynamic loads from vehicle traffic without displacement. The center beams are located in the central area of ​​the expansion joint, typically parallel to the edge beams. Rubber strips are installed between the center and edge beams, or between two center beams, to seal the expansion joint and prevent water and impurities from entering. These rubber strips are pressed between the beams and secured by clamps or adhesive. The displacement box is a key structural component, consisting of two symmetrical, oppositely opened boxes fixed to the two edge beams. It typically incorporates a sliding or rolling mechanism, allowing the center beams to move longitudinally along the support beams while the edge beams remain stationary. This design allows the expansion joint to adapt to temperature changes and traffic loads. The support beams are perpendicular to the center beams and movably positioned within the displacement boxes, slidingly connected to the lower surface of the center beams. These support beams support the entire expansion joint structure and distribute the load.

[0004] However, the existing digital expansion joints have the problem that when encountering strong external impacts such as earthquakes, the expansion and contraction of the bridge deck may exceed the expansion and contraction range of the expansion joint, causing the supporting beam to directly collide with the rigid bridge structure, resulting in bridge fracture.

[0005] Contents

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bridge deck expansion joint structure and a bridge vibration reduction method to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a bridge deck expansion joint structure, comprising side beam steel, anchor plate, anchor bar, middle beam steel, rubber strip, support beam and displacement box;

[0008] The side beam steel section includes one pair, and the structure of each pair of side beam steel section is symmetrical from left to right;

[0009] The middle beam steel includes several types, and the middle beam steel is parallel to the side beam steel. Rubber strips are installed between the side beam steel and the middle beam steel to seal the gap between the side beam steel and the middle beam steel.

[0010] The anchor plate includes several pairs, each pair of anchor plates has a symmetrical structure, each pair of anchor plates is fixedly connected to the two side beams of each pair of side beams on the side opposite to the rubber strip, the surface of the anchor plate is perpendicular to the side beams, and the anchor bar is fixedly connected to the anchor plate.

[0011] The displacement box includes several pairs, each pair of displacement boxes has a symmetrical structure, each pair of displacement boxes has open sides, and each pair of displacement boxes is fixedly connected to the lower part of the two side beams of each pair of side beams.

[0012] The support beam is slidably disposed in the displacement box, and the plane in which the support beam and the middle beam steel are located is parallel, and the support beam is perpendicular to the middle beam steel;

[0013] It also includes a sliding device, which is fixedly connected to the ends of the displacement boxes at both ends of the support beam;

[0014] The sliding device includes a first wedge structure and a second wedge structure;

[0015] The first wedge structure is fixedly connected to one side of the expansion joint placement groove of the bridge structure. The first wedge structure includes a first mounting surface, a second mounting surface and a sliding surface. The first mounting surface is fixedly connected to the side of the expansion joint placement groove, the second mounting surface is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the expansion joint placement groove, and the height of the side of the sliding surface closer to the side of the expansion joint placement groove is higher than the height of the side of the sliding surface away from the side of the expansion joint placement groove.

[0016] The cross-section formed by the second wedge structure and the first wedge structure is a parallelogram. The surface of the second wedge structure that is parallel to the first mounting surface is fixedly connected to the end of the displacement box.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes an automatic separation connection structure, which is connected between the first wedge structure and the second wedge structure, and the clockwise angle between the sliding surface and the length direction of the automatic separation connection structure is an acute angle.

[0018] Furthermore, the automatic separation connection structure includes a cap, a connecting rod, a connecting through hole, a cup-shaped hole, a cup body, a first spring, a rigid ball, an explosive device, a tactile switch, and an electronic fuse;

[0019] The cup-shaped hole consists of a cylindrical hole and a frustum hole. The larger radius of the bottom surface of the frustum hole is the same as the end radius of the cylindrical hole. The larger radius of the bottom surface of the frustum hole is connected to the end of the cylindrical hole. The clockwise angle between the sliding surface and the central axis of the cup-shaped hole is an acute angle. The smaller radius of the frustum hole faces upward.

[0020] The connecting through hole is coaxial with the cup-shaped hole, and the connecting through hole connects the upper surface of the second wedge structure and the cup-shaped hole;

[0021] The cup body includes a cylindrical part and a frustum part. The cylindrical part is a hollow structure with one open end face. The frustum part is a hollow structure. The bottom surface of the frustum part with a larger radius is fixedly connected to the closed end face of the cylindrical part. The bottom surface of the frustum part with a larger radius has the same radius as the closed end face of the cylindrical part. The side of the frustum part has circular holes evenly distributed around the central axis of the frustum. The number of circular holes is the same as the number of rigid spheres. The diameter of the circular holes is smaller than the diameter of the rigid spheres. The smaller end face diameter of the frustum part is smaller than the smaller end face diameter of the circular hole. The larger end face diameter of the frustum part is smaller than the larger end face diameter of the circular hole. The height of the frustum part matches the diameter of the rigid sphere.

[0022] The rigid spheres include several rigid spheres, which are disposed in the cavity of the frustum portion of the cup body. The diameter of the rigid spheres is such that the several rigid spheres can be connected end to end to form a ring. When the rigid spheres are connected end to end to form a ring, the distance from the center of each rigid sphere to the central axis of the frustum portion is less than the sum of the radius of the rigid sphere and the radius of the connecting through hole. The sum of the diameter of the rigid sphere and the radius of the connecting through hole is less than the larger end face radius of the frustum portion, and the sum of the diameter of the rigid sphere and the radius of the connecting through hole is greater than the smaller end face radius of the frustum portion.

[0023] The first spring is disposed between the cylindrical part of the cup body and the end face of the cup-shaped hole away from the frustum hole;

[0024] One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the cap body, the diameter of the cap body is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod, the connecting rod is inserted into the cup-shaped hole through the through hole, the length of the connecting rod is greater than the sum of the length of the connecting hole and the height of the frustum hole, and the length of the connecting rod is less than the sum of the length of the connecting hole and the length of the cup-shaped hole;

[0025] The explosive device is disposed on the end face of the frustum-shaped hole with the smaller diameter of the cup-shaped hole, and the explosive device surrounds the connecting rod.

[0026] The tactile switch is located at the end of the displacement box support beam, and the tactile switch is electrically connected to the electronic fuse via a wire.

[0027] The electronic fuse is connected to the explosive device.

[0028] Furthermore, the end of the connecting rod furthest from the cap is pointed.

[0029] Furthermore, the central beam is divided into an upper central beam and a lower central beam at the two rubber strip connection holes. The lower surface of the upper central beam and the upper surface of the lower central beam match each other. When the upper central beam and the lower central beam are separated, the upper and lower halves of the two rubber strip connection holes are separated. When the upper central beam and the lower central beam are put together, the upper and lower halves of the two rubber strip connection holes are closed and restored. The upper central beam and the lower central beam are connected by bolts.

[0030] Furthermore, the side beam steel is divided into an upper side beam and a lower side beam at the rubber strip connection hole of the middle beam steel. The lower surface of the upper side beam and the upper surface of the lower side beam match each other. When the upper side beam and the lower side beam are separated, the upper half and the lower half of the rubber strip connection hole are separated. When the upper side beam and the lower side beam are put together, the upper half and the lower half of the rubber strip connection hole are closed and restored. The upper side beam and the lower side beam are connected by bolts.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes an electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder, a first acceleration sensor, a second acceleration sensor, a controller, and a second spring;

[0032] The electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder is installed inside the displacement box and is fixedly connected to the side opposite to the open side of the displacement box;

[0033] The two ends of the second spring are respectively fixedly connected between the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder and the end of the support beam on the same side;

[0034] The controller is electrically connected to the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder;

[0035] The first acceleration sensor is fixedly connected to the displacement box, and the second acceleration sensor is connected to another displacement box opposite to the displacement box where the first acceleration sensor is located. The line connecting the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor is parallel to the support beam, and the first acceleration sensor and the second acceleration sensor are electrically connected to the controller respectively.

[0036] A bridge vibration reduction method for the aforementioned bridge deck expansion joint structure, the method comprising the following steps:

[0037] S01. Obtain the first acceleration from the first accelerometer along the length of the support beam. The second acceleration sensor detects the second acceleration along the length of the support beam. ;

[0038] S02, Calculate the first acceleration With the second acceleration difference Let the direction of the line connecting the first accelerometer sensor to the second accelerometer sensor be the positive direction;

[0039] S03, according to Calculate the extension / retraction range of the electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder The calculation method is as follows:

[0040]

[0041] Where k represents the proportionality constant, which depends on the dynamic response characteristics of the telescopic cylinder and the load characteristics of the bridge; This represents the natural frequency of the bridge structure, that is, the frequency at which the bridge vibrates freely under undamped conditions. Indicates the damping ratio of the bridge structure; This indicates the extension / retraction range of the electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder. When positive, it indicates elongation. A negative value indicates shortening.

[0042] The beneficial effects of this invention are: compared with the prior art,

[0043] 1) The present invention uses a first wedge structure to be fixedly connected to one side of the expansion joint placement groove of the bridge structure. The surface of the second wedge structure parallel to the first mounting surface is fixedly connected to the end of the displacement box. The sliding surface of the first wedge structure and one side of the second wedge structure are joined together to form a structure with a parallelogram cross section. Once a strong vibration such as an earthquake occurs, if the bridge structures on both sides of the expansion joint squeeze and push the supporting beam to impact the displacement box, due to the sliding surface provided by the first wedge structure, when the second wedge structure moves towards the first wedge structure, the expansion joint structure will move along the sliding surface, and will not cause a rigid collision with the bridge body, resulting in bridge body fracture. This can increase the seismic performance of the bridge body.

[0044] 2) This invention can ensure the stability of the connection between the first wedge structure and the second wedge structure when there is no earthquake by automatically separating the connection structure, so that the expansion joint structure can be installed stably on the bridge for a long time without displacement. When strong vibrations such as earthquakes occur, the second wedge structure can be easily separated to ensure that the expansion joint structure will not rigidly collide with the bridge body and cause damage to the bridge body.

[0045] 3) The present invention uses a pointed end of the connecting rod away from the cap body, which allows the connecting rod to be easily inserted into the cup body, thereby locking the first wedge structure and the second wedge structure.

[0046] 4) This invention connects the upper and lower middle beams and the upper and lower side beams with bolts, thereby allowing for convenient replacement of the rubber strips during use by tightening the bolts;

[0047] 5) This invention detects the acceleration of the bridge structure on both sides of the expansion joint using a first acceleration sensor and a second acceleration sensor. For longitudinal vibrations of the bridge caused by load movement or wind load, the changing trend of the expansion joint (the difference between the first acceleration and the second acceleration) can be calculated by the detected acceleration value. The expansion and contraction of the electric hydraulic expansion cylinder can be calculated by the changing trend of the expansion joint, thereby resisting the changes of the expansion joint and adjusting the bridge vibration frequency to outside the natural frequency. This avoids resonance caused by the vibration frequency being close to the natural frequency of the bridge, and better protects the bridge from resonance damage. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial view at point A in the middle;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a circuit connection block diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed description of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] Implementation Example 1: Reference Figures 1 to 3 A bridge deck expansion joint structure includes a side beam steel section 1, an anchor plate 4, an anchor bar 5, a middle beam steel section 2, a rubber strip 3, a support beam 6, and a displacement box 7.

[0053] The side beam steel section 1 includes one pair, and the structure of each pair of side beam steel sections 1 is symmetrical from left to right;

[0054] The middle beam steel 2 includes several parts. The middle beam steel 2 is parallel to the side beam steel 1. A rubber strip 3 is set between the side beam steel 1 and the middle beam steel 2 to seal the gap between the side beam steel 1 and the middle beam steel 2.

[0055] Anchor plates 4 include several pairs. The structure of each pair of anchor plates 4 is symmetrical from left to right. Each pair of anchor plates 4 is fixedly connected to the two side beams 1 of each pair of side beams 1 on the side opposite to the rubber strip 3. The surface of the anchor plate 4 is perpendicular to the side beams 1. Anchor bars 5 are fixedly connected to the anchor plates 4.

[0056] The displacement box 7 includes several pairs. The structure of each pair of displacement boxes 7 is symmetrical from left to right. The opposite sides of each pair of displacement boxes 7 are open. Each pair of displacement boxes 7 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the two side beams 1 of each pair of side beams 1.

[0057] The support beam 6 is slidably set in the displacement box 7. The plane in which the support beam 6 and the middle beam steel 2 are located is parallel and perpendicular to the middle beam steel 2.

[0058] It also includes a sliding device 8, which is fixedly connected to the ends of the displacement boxes 7 at both ends of the support beam 6;

[0059] The sliding device 8 includes a first wedge structure 8-1 and a second wedge structure 8-2;

[0060] The first wedge structure 8-1 is fixedly connected to one side of the expansion joint placement groove of the bridge structure. The first wedge structure 8-1 includes a first mounting surface 8-1-1, a second mounting surface 8-1-2, and a sliding surface 8-1-3. The first mounting surface 8-1-1 is fixedly connected to the side of the expansion joint placement groove, the second mounting surface 8-1-2 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the expansion joint placement groove, and the height of the side of the sliding surface 8-1-3 closest to the side of the expansion joint placement groove is higher than the side of the sliding surface 8-1-3 furthest from the side of the expansion joint placement groove.

[0061] The cross-section formed by the combination of the second wedge structure 8-2 and the first wedge structure 8-1 is a parallelogram. The surface of the second wedge structure 8-2 that is parallel to the first mounting surface 8-1-1 is fixedly connected to the end of the displacement box 7.

[0062] Furthermore, it also includes an automatic separation connection structure, which is connected between the first wedge structure 8-1 and the second wedge structure 8-2, and the sliding surface 8-1-3 and the clockwise angle between the length direction of the automatic separation connection structure are acute angles.

[0063] In order to ensure that the expansion joint can be stably installed on the bridge structure when there is no strong vibration, and that the expansion joint can easily detach from the bridge body without damaging the bridge body when there is strong vibration, this embodiment further includes an automatic separation connection structure including a cap 8-4, a connecting rod 8-3, a connecting through hole, a cup-shaped hole 8-5, a cup 8-6, a first spring 8-7, a rigid ball 8-8, an explosive device 8-9, a tactile switch 8-10, and an electronic fuse 8-11;

[0064] The cup-shaped hole 8-5 consists of a cylindrical hole and a frustum hole. The larger radius of the bottom surface of the frustum hole is the same as the radius of the end of the cylindrical hole. The larger radius of the bottom surface of the frustum hole is connected to the end of the cylindrical hole. The clockwise angle between the sliding surface 8-1-3 and the central axis of the cup-shaped hole 8-5 is an acute angle. The section with the smaller radius of the frustum faces upward.

[0065] The connecting through hole is coaxial with the cup-shaped hole 8-5, and the connecting through hole connects the upper surface of the second wedge structure 8-2 and the cup-shaped hole 8-5;

[0066] The cup body 8-6 includes a cylindrical part and a frustum part. The cylindrical part is a hollow structure with an open end face. The frustum part is a hollow structure. The bottom surface of the frustum part with a larger radius is fixedly connected to the closed end face of the cylindrical part. The bottom surface of the frustum part with a larger radius has the same radius as the closed end face of the cylindrical part. The side of the frustum part has circular holes 8-6-1 evenly distributed around the central axis of the frustum. The number of circular holes 8-6-1 is the same as the number of rigid spheres 8-8. The diameter of the circular holes 8-6-1 is smaller than the diameter of the rigid spheres 8-8. The smaller end face diameter of the frustum part is smaller than the smaller end face diameter of the frustum hole. The larger end face diameter of the frustum part is smaller than the larger end face diameter of the frustum hole. The height of the frustum part matches the diameter of the rigid spheres 8-8.

[0067] The rigid spheres 8-8 comprise several of each other and are disposed within the cavity of the frustum portion of the cup body 8-6. The diameter of each rigid sphere 8-8 is such that when the rigid spheres 8-8 are connected end to end to form a ring, the distance from the center of each rigid sphere 8-8 to the central axis of the frustum portion is less than the sum of the radius of the rigid sphere 8-8 and the radius of the connecting through hole. The sum of the diameter of the rigid sphere 8-8 and the radius of the connecting through hole is less than the larger end face radius of the frustum portion, and the sum of the diameter of the rigid sphere 8-8 and the radius of the connecting through hole is greater than the smaller end face radius of the frustum portion.

[0068] The first spring 8-7 is disposed between the cylindrical part of the cup body 8-6 and the end face of the cup-shaped hole 8-5 away from the frustum hole;

[0069] One end of the connecting rod 8-3 is fixedly connected to the cap body 8-4. The diameter of the cap body 8-4 is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod 8-3. The connecting rod 8-3 is inserted into the cup-shaped hole 8-5 through the through hole. The length of the connecting rod 8-3 is greater than the sum of the length of the connecting hole and the height of the frustum hole. The length of the connecting rod 8-3 is less than the sum of the length of the connecting hole and the length of the cup-shaped hole 8-5.

[0070] The explosive device 8-9 is set on the end face of the frustum hole with the smaller diameter of the cup-shaped hole 8-5, and the explosive device 8-9 surrounds the connecting rod 8-3.

[0071] Tactile switch 8-10 is located at the end of support beam 6 of displacement box 7, and tactile switch 8-10 is connected to electronic fuse 8-11 via wire;

[0072] The electronic fuse 8-11 is connected to the explosive device 8-9.

[0073] In this embodiment, the first wedge structure 8-1 and the second wedge structure 8-2 are connected by an automatic separation connection structure. The connecting rod 8-3 is inserted into the cup body 8-6. Since the radius of the frustum hole of the cup-shaped hole 8-5 gradually decreases in the direction of pulling out the connecting rod 8-3, when the connecting rod 8-3 is about to be pulled out of the connecting through hole, the rigid ball 8-8 will move in the pulling direction under the friction of the connecting rod 8-3. The reduction in the radius of the cup-shaped hole 8-5 makes the pressure between the rigid ball 8-8 and the connecting rod 8-3 greater, and the friction is also greater, thereby locking the connecting rod 8-3 from being pulled out, which plays the role of locking the first wedge structure 8-1 and the second wedge structure 8-2. However, if there is a strong vibration such as an earthquake in the bridge construction area, the tactile switch 8-10 on the support beam 6 will contact the side of the displacement box 7, and the tactile switch 8-10 will activate the electronic fuse 8-11. The activation of the electronic fuse 8-11 will detonate the explosive device 8-9. In a very short time, the explosive device 8-9 will push the cup 8-6 towards the first spring 8-7. Since the cup 8-6 is away from the cup-shaped hole 8-5, the cup-shaped hole 8-5 cannot cooperate with the rigid ball 8-8 to lock the connecting rod 8-3. The connecting rod 8-3 is unlocked at this time. At the same time, under the push of the support beam 6, the second wedge structure 8-2 moves along the sliding surface 8-1-3 and generates a pulling force on the connecting rod 8-3. After the connecting rod 8-3 loses the locking of the ball, it can be easily pulled out from the connecting through hole.

[0074] To make it easier for the connecting rod to be inserted into the hole formed by the rigid sphere 8-8, in this embodiment, the end of the connecting rod 8-3 away from the cap 8-4 is pointed.

[0075] To facilitate the replacement of the rubber strips during use, in this embodiment, the middle beam 2 is further divided into an upper middle beam 2-1 and a lower middle beam 2-2 at the two rubber strip connection holes. The lower surface of the upper middle beam 2-1 and the upper surface of the lower middle beam 2-2 match each other. When the upper middle beam 2-1 and the lower middle beam 2-2 are separated, the upper and lower halves of the two rubber strip connection holes are separated. When the upper middle beam 2-1 and the lower middle beam 2-2 are put together, the upper and lower halves of the two rubber strip connection holes are closed and restored. The upper middle beam 2-1 and the lower middle beam 2-2 are connected by bolts.

[0076] When in use, the rubber strip can be easily replaced by tightening the bolts.

[0077] Similar to the improved approach of convenient replacement of the middle beam 2, in this embodiment, the side beam 1 is further divided into an upper side beam 1-1 and a lower side beam 1-2 at the rubber strip connection hole of the middle beam 2. The lower surface of the upper side beam 1-1 and the upper surface of the lower side beam 1-2 match each other. When the upper side beam 1-1 and the lower side beam 1-2 are separated, the upper and lower halves of the rubber strip connection hole are separated. When the upper side beam 1-1 and the lower side beam 1-2 are put together, the upper and lower halves of the rubber strip connection hole are closed and restored. The upper side beam 1-1 and the lower side beam 1-2 are connected by bolts.

[0078] Furthermore, it also includes an electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder 12, a first acceleration sensor 9, a second acceleration sensor 10, a controller 11, and a second spring 13;

[0079] The electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 12 is installed inside the displacement box 7 and is fixedly connected to the side opposite to the open side of the displacement box 7;

[0080] The two ends of the second spring 13 are respectively fixedly connected between the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 12 and the end of the support beam 6 on the same side;

[0081] The controller 11 is connected to the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 12 by wires;

[0082] The first acceleration sensor 9 is fixedly connected to the displacement box 7, and the second acceleration sensor 10 is connected to another displacement box 7 opposite to the displacement box 7 where the first acceleration sensor 9 is located. The line connecting the first acceleration sensor 9 and the second acceleration sensor 10 is parallel to the support beam 6. The first acceleration sensor 9 and the second acceleration sensor 10 are respectively connected to the wires of the controller 11.

[0083] Example 2: A bridge vibration reduction method for the bridge deck expansion joint structure of Example 1, the method includes the following steps:

[0084] S01. Obtain the first acceleration of the first accelerometer 9 along the length direction of the support beam 6. The second acceleration sensor 10 detects the second acceleration along the length of the support beam 6. ;

[0085] S02, Calculate the first acceleration With the second acceleration difference Let the direction of the line connecting the first accelerometer 9 to the second accelerometer 10 be the positive direction;

[0086] S03, according to Calculate the extension / retraction amount of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 12 The calculation method is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Where k represents the proportionality constant, which depends on the dynamic response characteristics of the telescopic cylinder and the load characteristics of the bridge; This represents the natural frequency of the bridge structure, that is, the frequency at which the bridge vibrates freely under undamped conditions. Indicates the damping ratio of the bridge structure; This indicates the extension / retraction range of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder 12. When positive, it indicates elongation. A negative value indicates shortening.

[0089] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: the acceleration of the bridge structure on both sides of the expansion joint is detected by the first acceleration sensor 9 and the second acceleration sensor 10. For the longitudinal vibration of the bridge caused by load movement or wind load, the changing trend of the expansion joint (the difference between the first acceleration and the second acceleration) can be calculated by the detected acceleration value. The expansion and contraction of the electric hydraulic expansion cylinder 12 can be calculated by the changing trend of the expansion joint, thereby resisting the change of the expansion joint and adjusting the bridge vibration frequency to outside the natural frequency, thereby avoiding resonance caused by the vibration frequency being close to the natural frequency of the bridge, and better protecting the bridge from resonance damage.

[0090] The above description, in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge deck expansion joint structure, comprising side beam steel (1), anchor plate (4), anchor bar (5), middle beam steel (2), rubber strip (3), support beam (6) and displacement box (7); The side beam steel (1) includes one pair, and the structure of each pair of side beam steel (1) is symmetrical from left to right; The middle beam steel (2) includes several, the middle beam steel (2) is parallel to the side beam steel (1), and a rubber strip (3) is set between the side beam steel (1) and the middle beam steel (2) to seal the gap between the side beam steel (1) and the middle beam steel (2); The anchor plate (4) includes several pairs. The structure of each pair of anchor plates (4) is symmetrical from left to right. Each pair of anchor plates (4) is fixedly connected to the two side beams (1) of each pair of side beams (1) on the side opposite to the rubber strip (3). The surface of the anchor plate (4) is perpendicular to the side beams (1). The anchor bar (5) is fixedly connected to the anchor plate (4). The displacement box (7) includes several pairs. The structure of each pair of displacement boxes (7) is symmetrical from left to right. The opposite sides of each pair of displacement boxes (7) are open. Each pair of displacement boxes (7) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the two side beams (1) of each pair of side beams (1). The support beam (6) is slidably disposed in the displacement box (7). The plane in which the support beam (6) and the middle beam steel (2) are located is parallel, and the support beam (6) is perpendicular to the middle beam steel (2). Its features are, It also includes a sliding device (8), which is fixedly connected to the ends of the displacement boxes (7) at both ends of the support beam (6); The sliding device (8) includes a first wedge structure (8-1) and a second wedge structure (8-2); The first wedge structure (8-1) is fixedly connected to one side of the expansion joint placement groove of the bridge structure. The first wedge structure (8-1) includes a first mounting surface (8-1-1), a second mounting surface (8-1-2), and a sliding surface (8-1-3). The first mounting surface (8-1-1) is fixedly connected to the side of the expansion joint placement groove, the second mounting surface (8-1-2) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the expansion joint placement groove, and the height of the side of the sliding surface (8-1-3) closer to the side of the expansion joint placement groove is higher than the height of the side of the sliding surface (8-1-3) away from the side of the expansion joint placement groove. The cross-section formed by the second wedge structure (8-2) and the first wedge structure (8-1) is a parallelogram. The surface of the second wedge structure (8-2) that is parallel to the first mounting surface (8-1-1) is fixedly connected to the end of the displacement box (7). It also includes an automatic separation connection structure, which is connected between the first wedge structure (8-1) and the second wedge structure (8-2), and the sliding surface (8-1-3) makes an acute angle with the clockwise direction of the length of the automatic separation connection structure.

2. The bridge deck expansion joint structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic separation connection structure includes a cap (8-4), a connecting rod (8-3), a connecting through hole, a cup-shaped hole (8-5), a cup (8-6), a first spring (8-7), a rigid ball (8-8), an explosive device (8-9), a tactile switch (8-10), and an electronic fuse (8-11). The cup-shaped hole (8-5) consists of a cylindrical hole and a frustum hole. The bottom surface of the frustum hole with a larger radius has the same radius as the end of the cylindrical hole. The bottom surface of the frustum hole with a larger radius is connected to the end of the cylindrical hole. The clockwise angle between the sliding surface (8-1-3) and the central axis of the cup-shaped hole (8-5) is an acute angle. The section of the frustum with a smaller radius faces upward. The connecting through hole is coaxial with the cup-shaped hole (8-5), and the connecting through hole connects the upper surface of the second wedge structure (8-2) and the cup-shaped hole (8-5). The cup body (8-6) includes a cylindrical part and a frustum part. The cylindrical part is a cavity structure with an open end face. The frustum part is a cavity structure. The bottom surface of the frustum part with a larger radius is fixedly connected to the closed end face of the cylindrical part. The bottom surface of the frustum part with a larger radius has the same radius as the closed end face of the cylindrical part. The side of the frustum part is provided with circular holes (8-6-1) evenly distributed around the central axis of the frustum. The number of circular holes (8-6-1) is the same as the number of rigid spheres (8-8). The diameter of the circular holes (8-6-1) is smaller than the diameter of the rigid spheres (8-8). The smaller end face diameter of the frustum part is smaller than the smaller end face diameter of the frustum hole. The larger end face diameter of the frustum part is smaller than the larger end face diameter of the frustum hole. The height of the frustum part matches the diameter of the rigid spheres (8-8). The rigid spheres (8-8) include several of them. The rigid spheres (8-8) are set in the cavity of the frustum portion of the cup body (8-6). The diameter of the rigid spheres (8-8) is such that the several rigid spheres (8-8) can be connected end to end to form a ring. When the rigid spheres (8-8) are connected end to end to form a ring, the distance from the center of each rigid sphere (8-8) to the central axis of the frustum portion is less than the sum of the radius of the rigid sphere (8-8) and the radius of the connecting through hole. The sum of the diameter of the rigid sphere (8-8) and the radius of the connecting through hole is less than the larger end face radius of the frustum portion. The sum of the diameter of the rigid sphere (8-8) and the radius of the connecting through hole is greater than the smaller end face radius of the frustum portion. The first spring (8-7) is disposed between the cylindrical part of the cup body (8-6) and the end face of the cup-shaped hole (8-5) away from the frustum hole; One end of the connecting rod (8-3) is fixedly connected to the cap (8-4). The diameter of the cap (8-4) is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod (8-3). The connecting rod (8-3) is inserted into the cup-shaped hole (8-5) through the through hole. The length of the connecting rod (8-3) is greater than the sum of the length of the connecting hole and the height of the frustum hole. The length of the connecting rod (8-3) is less than the sum of the length of the connecting hole and the length of the cup-shaped hole (8-5). The explosive device (8-9) is disposed on the end face of the frustum hole with the smaller diameter of the cup-shaped hole (8-5), and the explosive device (8-9) surrounds the connecting rod (8-3) once; The tactile switch (8-10) is located at the end of the support beam (6) of the displacement box (7), and the tactile switch (8-10) is electrically connected to the electronic fuse (8-11) through a wire; The electronic fuse (8-11) is connected to the explosive device (8-9).

3. The bridge deck expansion joint structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the connecting rod (8-3) away from the cap (8-4) is pointed.

4. The bridge deck expansion joint structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle beam (2) is divided into an upper middle beam (2-1) and a lower middle beam (2-2) at the two rubber strip connection holes. The lower surface of the upper middle beam (2-1) and the upper surface of the lower middle beam (2-2) match each other. When the upper middle beam (2-1) and the lower middle beam (2-2) are separated, the upper and lower parts of the two rubber strip connection holes are separated. When the upper middle beam (2-1) and the lower middle beam (2-2) are put together, the upper and lower parts of the two rubber strip connection holes are closed and restored. The upper middle beam (2-1) and the lower middle beam (2-2) are connected by bolts.

5. The bridge deck expansion joint structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side beam steel (1) is divided into an upper side beam (1-1) and a lower side beam (1-2) at the rubber strip connection hole of the middle beam steel (2). The lower surface of the upper side beam (1-1) and the upper surface of the lower side beam (1-2) match each other. When the upper side beam (1-1) and the lower side beam (1-2) are separated, the upper half and the lower half of the rubber strip connection hole are separated. When the upper side beam (1-1) and the lower side beam (1-2) are put together, the upper half and the lower half of the rubber strip connection hole are closed and restored. The upper side beam (1-1) and the lower side beam (1-2) are connected by bolts.

6. The bridge deck expansion joint structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an electro-hydraulic telescopic cylinder (12), a first acceleration sensor (9), a second acceleration sensor (10), a controller (11), and a second spring (13); The electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder (12) is installed inside the displacement box (7) and is fixedly connected to the side opposite to the open side of the displacement box (7); The two ends of the second spring (13) are respectively fixedly connected between the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder (12) and the end of the support beam (6) on the same side; The controller (11) is electrically connected to the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder (12); The first acceleration sensor (9) is fixedly connected to the displacement box (7), and the second acceleration sensor (10) is connected to another displacement box (7) opposite to the displacement box (7) where the first acceleration sensor (9) is located. The line connecting the first acceleration sensor (9) and the second acceleration sensor (10) is parallel to the support beam (6). The first acceleration sensor (9) and the second acceleration sensor (10) are electrically connected to the controller (11) respectively.

7. A bridge vibration reduction method for a bridge deck expansion joint structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S01. Obtain the first acceleration of the first accelerometer (9) along the length of the support beam (6). The second acceleration sensor (10) measures the second acceleration along the length of the support beam (6). ; S02, Calculate the first acceleration With the second acceleration difference Let the direction of the line connecting the first accelerometer (9) to the second accelerometer (10) be the positive direction; S03, according to Calculate the extension / retraction amount of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder (12) The calculation method is as follows: ； Where k represents the proportionality constant, which depends on the dynamic response characteristics of the telescopic cylinder and the load characteristics of the bridge; This represents the natural frequency of the bridge structure, that is, the frequency at which the bridge vibrates freely under undamped conditions. Indicates the damping ratio of the bridge structure; This indicates the extension / retraction amount of the electric hydraulic telescopic cylinder (12). When positive, it indicates elongation. A negative value indicates shortening.

Images