A severe saline-alkali land planting device based on micro-irrigation salt regulation and a use method thereof

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali land planting, and particularly relates to a severe saline-alkali land planting device based on micro-irrigation water salt regulation and a use method thereof. The planting device is additionally provided with a seedling raising belt. A drip irrigation belt is arranged in the seedling raising belt. A material winding shaft and a guide roller set are arranged on a vehicle frame. The seedling raising belt is wound on the material winding shaft and twisted by means of the guide roller set. The vehicle frame is provided with a material distribution groove. An input end of the material distribution groove is connected with an output end of the guide roller set. An output end of the material distribution groove extends into a ditch dug by a ditching shovel. A substrate conveying pipe and a seed conveying pipe are arranged above the material distribution groove. The application also provides a use method of the planting device. By additionally arranging the seedling raising belt and the drip irrigation belt, the transpiration of the saline-alkali land soil below is hindered, and the saline-alkali land soil is continuously leached, so that the salinity of the surface of the severe saline-alkali land is improved. In addition, by using the planting device, the planting efficiency of the severe saline-alkali land is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of saline-alkali land planting technology, specifically relating to a planting device and its usage method for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation water and salt regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Severely saline-alkali land cannot be directly planted with ordinary crops. Usually, normal soil is covered on the surface of the saline-alkali land, and then crops are planted in that soil.

[0003] However, this method requires digging new ditches and filling them with new normal soil each time crops are planted, which is a rather cumbersome process and increases the workload of farmers. In addition, this method does not improve the salinity of severely saline-alkali land itself. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a planting device and method for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation and salt regulation. By adding seedling belts and drip irrigation belts, the evaporation of the saline-alkali soil below is hindered while continuously leaching the soil, thereby improving the salinity of the surface of the severely saline-alkali land. In addition, the planting device integrates ditching, laying of seedling belts, covering with soil, planting, and compaction, mechanizing the entire planting process in saline-alkali land and greatly improving the planting efficiency of severely saline-alkali land.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A planting device for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation and salt regulation includes a vehicle body and a frame. A trenching shovel is installed at the front of the frame, and a press wheel is installed at the end of the frame. A substrate storage box and a seed storage box are installed on the frame. It also includes a seedling belt with a V-shaped trough structure. Drip irrigation tape is installed along the length of the V-shaped trough of the seedling belt. A material winding shaft and a guide roller assembly are installed on the frame. The seedling belt is wound on the material winding shaft and twisted by the guide roller assembly. A material distribution trough matching the shape of the seedling belt is also provided on the frame along the forward direction of the vehicle body. The input end of the material distribution trough is connected to the output end of the guide roller assembly. The output end of the material distribution trough extends into the trench dug by the trenching shovel. A substrate delivery pipe and a seed delivery pipe are installed above the material distribution trough. The input end of the substrate delivery pipe is connected to the substrate storage box, and the input end of the seed delivery pipe is connected to the seed storage box.

[0007] The guide roller assembly includes a first pair of guide rollers, a second pair of guide rollers, and a third pair of guide rollers arranged sequentially from front to back along the vehicle's forward direction. The vertical planes of the first pair of guide rollers, the second pair of guide rollers, and the third pair of guide rollers are parallel to each other. The guide channel between the first pair of guide rollers is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the vehicle's forward direction. The guide channel between the second pair of guide rollers is inclined at 40-50°. The guide channel between the third pair of guide rollers is vertically arranged and perpendicular to the vehicle's forward direction. The input end of the fabric trough is connected to the output end of the third pair of guide rollers.

[0008] A blower is also provided between the guide roller assembly and the substrate conveying pipe, and the blower's outlet pipe faces the material distribution trough.

[0009] The substrate delivery pipe includes a first substrate delivery pipe and a second substrate delivery pipe, and the seed delivery pipe is located between the first substrate delivery pipe and the second substrate delivery pipe.

[0010] The seedling tray has multiple sets of baffles spaced along its length in the V-shaped groove. The baffles are inverted triangular in shape and match the shape of the V-shaped groove. The V-shaped groove of the seedling tray is divided into multiple independent seedling areas by the baffles.

[0011] The baffle is provided with a limiting hole for the drip irrigation tape to pass through. The limiting hole is located at the connection between the side wall of the baffle and the side wall of the seedling belt. The drip irrigation tape is fixed to the side wall of the seedling belt and away from the center of the seedling area by means of the limiting hole.

[0012] The seedling trays are made of biodegradable paper material.

[0013] The end of the vehicle frame is also provided with a film covering mechanism, which includes a film covering roll and a soil covering wheel. The film wrapped on the film covering roll covers the surface of the ditch, and the soil on both sides of the ditch is covered with the film by the soil covering wheel.

[0014] A method for using a planting device for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation water and salt regulation includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. Fold the seedling tape along the bottom of the V-shaped groove and then coil it around the roller of the work machine.

[0016] S201, The vehicle moves forward and uses a trenching shovel to dig a ditch;

[0017] S202. While opening the ditch, the seedling belt is unrolled and twisted with the help of the guide roller group until the V-shaped groove opening faces upward.

[0018] S203, The seedling belt is clamped by the guide roller group and passes under the air outlet pipe, and the seedling belt opens with the help of the air outlet pipe;

[0019] S301, the seedling belt slides down the material distribution trough and passes through the first substrate conveying pipe, the seed conveying pipe, and the second substrate conveying pipe in sequence;

[0020] S302, the nutrient substrate in the substrate storage box falls into the V-shaped groove of the seedling belt through the first substrate conveying pipe and forms the lower substrate;

[0021] S303, Seeds in the seed storage box fall to the surface of the lower substrate via a planting conveyor pipe;

[0022] S304. The nutrient substrate in the substrate storage box falls to the surface of the lower substrate through the second substrate conveying pipe to form the upper substrate. The lower substrate and the upper substrate together hold the seeds.

[0023] S4. The seedling belt filled with upper substrate, lower substrate and seeds slides down the material trough into the ditch;

[0024] S5. The press roller compacts the upper and lower substrates in the seedling strip in the ditch.

[0025] S6. Use the drip irrigation tape in the seedling tray to micro-irrigate the crop seeds.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] This invention incorporates a seedling tray, which acts as a barrier between the saline-alkali soil and the substrate. This prevents the substrate from becoming contaminated with saline-alkali soil and inhibits transpiration from the underlying saline-alkali soil, reducing water evaporation and preventing further salinization. This promotes crop growth. Simultaneously, micro-irrigation via drip irrigation washes the underlying saline-alkali soil, fine-tuning the water and salt content and improving the surface salinity. The planting equipment integrates trenching, seedling tray laying, soil covering, planting, and compaction, mechanizing the entire saline-alkali planting process and significantly improving planting efficiency in severely saline-alkali land. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling tray structure;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the completed saline-alkali land structure for the seedling cultivation zone;

[0032] In the attached diagram, 1 is the frame, 2 is the trenching shovel, 3 is the substrate storage box, 4 is the seed storage box, 5 is the seedling belt, 6 is the drip irrigation belt, 7 is the material roll, 8 is the material distribution trough, 9 is the seed delivery pipe, 10 is the first guide roller, 11 is the second guide roller, 12 is the third guide roller, 13 is the air outlet pipe, 14 is the first substrate delivery pipe, 15 is the second substrate delivery pipe, 16 is the baffle plate, 17 is the press wheel, 18 is the film covering roll, and 19 is the soil covering wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0034] Specific embodiments, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, this invention provides a planting device for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation and water-salt regulation, including a vehicle body and a frame 1. A trenching shovel 2 is provided at the front of the frame 1, and a press wheel 17 is provided at the end of the frame 1. A substrate storage box 3 and a seed storage box 4 are provided on the frame 1. It also includes a seedling belt 5 with a V-shaped groove structure. A drip irrigation belt 6 is provided along the length direction in the V-shaped groove of the seedling belt 5. A material winding shaft 7 and a guide roller group are provided on the frame 1. The seedling belt 5 is wound on the material winding shaft 7 and twisted by the guide roller group. The frame 1 is also provided with a material distribution groove 8 that matches the shape of the seedling belt 5 along the forward direction of the vehicle body. The input end of the material distribution groove 8 is connected to the output end of the guide roller group. The output end of the material distribution groove 8 extends into the trench dug by the trenching shovel 2. A substrate conveying pipe and a seed conveying pipe 9 are provided above the material distribution groove 8. The input end of the substrate conveying pipe is connected to the substrate storage box 3, and the input end of the seed conveying pipe 9 is connected to the seed storage box 4.

[0035] Currently, when planting in severely saline-alkali land, normal soil needs to be covered onto the surface of the saline-alkali land before crops are planted. However, this method is costly to transport normal soil, and each time crops are planted, new ditches need to be dug and new normal soil needs to be added before planting. This process is cumbersome and reduces the economic benefits of crops. In addition, this method does not improve the salinity of the severely saline-alkali land itself.

[0036] Compared to current planting methods, this invention adds a seedling belt 5, which forms a barrier between the saline-alkali soil and the substrate. This prevents the substrate from becoming contaminated with saline-alkali soil and also inhibits the transpiration of the underlying saline-alkali soil, reducing water evaporation and preventing further salinization, thus promoting crop growth. Simultaneously, the drip irrigation belt 6 provides micro-irrigation to the underlying saline-alkali soil, fine-tuning the water and salt content and improving the surface salinity. Furthermore, this planting equipment integrates trenching, laying the seedling belt 5, covering with soil, planting, and compaction, mechanizing the entire saline-alkali planting process and significantly improving planting efficiency in severely saline-alkali land.

[0037] The guide roller group includes a first guide roller 10, a second guide roller 11, and a third guide roller 12 arranged sequentially from front to back along the vehicle's forward direction. The vertical planes of the first guide roller 10, the second guide roller 11, and the third guide roller 12 are parallel to each other. The guide channel between the first guide rollers 10 is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the vehicle's forward direction. The guide channel between the second guide rollers 11 is inclined at 40-50°. The guide channel between the third guide rollers 12 is vertically arranged and perpendicular to the vehicle's forward direction. The input end of the material trough 8 is connected to the output end of the third guide roller 12. Through the three sets of guide rollers with gradually changing angles, the folded horizontal seedling belt 5 is gradually guided to a vertical state to ensure that the seedling belt 5 is filled with substrate in a vertical state and falls into the ditch.

[0038] A blower is also provided between the guide roller group and the substrate conveying pipe. The air outlet pipe 13 of the blower faces the material distribution trough 8. The air outlet pipe 13 and the channel of the third guide roller 12 are located on the same vertical plane. After the seedling belt 5 is conveyed out along the third guide roller 12, the air outlet pipe 13 is aligned with the center position of the groove of the seedling belt 5 and blows air. The folded seedling belt 5 opens to both sides under the action of wind.

[0039] The substrate delivery pipe includes a first substrate delivery pipe 14 and a second substrate delivery pipe 15, and the seed delivery pipe 9 is located between the first substrate delivery pipe 14 and the second substrate delivery pipe 15.

[0040] Multiple sets of baffles 16 are spaced along the length of the V-shaped groove of the seedling belt 5. The baffles 16 are inverted triangular in shape and match the shape of the V-shaped groove. The V-shaped groove of the seedling belt 5 is divided into multiple independent seedling areas by the baffles 16. The seedling areas are independent of each other. The baffles prevent the crop roots from growing beyond the boundaries and prevent the crops from competing for water.

[0041] The baffle 16 is provided with a limiting hole for the drip irrigation tape 6 to pass through. The limiting hole is located at the connection between the side wall of the baffle and the side wall of the seedling belt 5. The drip irrigation tape 6 is fixed to the side wall of the seedling belt 5 and away from the center of the seedling area by means of the limiting hole. The drip irrigation tape 6 is eccentrically positioned to avoid the drip irrigation tape 6 hindering the downward growth of the crop seedling roots during the downward growth process.

[0042] The seedling strip 5 is made of biodegradable paper material. The water from the drip irrigation strip 6 not only replenishes the substrate in the seedling area but also diffuses along the paper seedling strip 5 using capillary action. This diffused water continuously seeps into the saline-alkali soil below, leaching it and regulating the surface salinity of severely saline-alkali land, thus improving its surface salinity. Simultaneously, the water-covered seedling strip 5 also hinders transpiration from the saline-alkali soil below, reducing water evaporation and preventing further salinization. Furthermore, the seedling strip 5 degrades after several months, preventing it from obstructing the downward root growth of crop seedlings during the seed's rooting process.

[0043] The end of the vehicle frame 1 is also provided with a film covering mechanism, which includes a film covering roll 18 and a soil covering wheel 19. The film covering roll 18 covers the surface of the ditch, and the soil on both sides of the ditch is covered with the film covering wheel 19. The vehicle frame 1 is also provided with a through groove for the film covering to pass through.

[0044] A method for using a planting device for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation water and salt regulation includes the following steps:

[0045] S1. Fold the seedling strip 5 along the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the seedling strip 5 and then coil it around the roller of the working machine.

[0046] S201, The vehicle moves forward and uses the trenching shovel 2 to dig a ditch;

[0047] S202. While opening the ditch, the seedling belt 5 is unrolled. The seedling belt 5 is twisted with the help of the guide roller group so that the V-shaped groove opening faces upward.

[0048] S203, the seedling belt 5 is clamped by the guide roller group and passes under the air outlet pipe 13, and the seedling belt 5 is opened by the air outlet pipe 13.

[0049] S301, the seedling belt 5 slides down along the material distribution trough 8 and passes through the first substrate conveying pipe 14, the seed conveying pipe 9, and the second substrate conveying pipe 15 in sequence;

[0050] S302, the nutrient substrate in the substrate storage box 3 falls into the V-shaped groove of the seedling belt 5 through the first substrate conveying pipe 14 and forms the lower substrate;

[0051] S303, the seeds of four types in the seed storage box fall to the surface of the lower substrate through the planting conveying pipe;

[0052] S304. The nutrient substrate in the substrate storage box 3 falls to the surface of the lower substrate through the second substrate conveying pipe 15 to form the upper substrate. The lower substrate and the upper substrate together hold the seeds.

[0053] S4. The seedling belt 5, filled with upper substrate, lower substrate and seeds, slides down the material trough 8 into the ditch;

[0054] S5 and roller 17 compact the upper and lower substrates within the seedling zone 5 in the ditch;

[0055] S6. Use the drip irrigation tape 6 inside the seedling belt 5 to micro-irrigate the crop seeds.

[0056] Step S5 also includes covering with mulch film. After the substrate in the seedling zone 5 is compacted, the mulch film is covered with a mulch film covering mechanism and fixed with the soil on both sides of the ditch. The mulch film helps to prevent the evaporation of water in the soil, thereby delaying soil salinization.

[0057] In this invention, the baffle of the seedling belt 5 is also provided with creases. The seedling belt 5 and the baffle are folded together and then coiled on the roller. During the grooving process, the seedling belt 5 is gradually unrolled. The seedling belt 5 is guided by the guide roller group to make its groove face upward. When the seedling belt 5 just passes through the channel of the third guide roller 12, the seedling belt 5 is clamped by the third guide roller 12 and kept in a vertical state, and will not tilt to the left or right. This ensures that the air blown by the air outlet pipe 13 blows into the V-shaped groove of the seedling belt 5 and makes the seedling belt 5 and the baffle open along the creases.

[0058] Current methods for cultivating crops in severely saline-alkali soil involve filling the ditches with soil before sowing. However, during the sowing process with a duckbill seeder, the saline-alkali soil on both sides of the ditch is easily disturbed, causing the seeds to come into contact with the highly saline-alkali soil and thus affecting seed growth. This invention, however, completes the substrate and seed loading process in mid-air, avoiding contact between the seeds and the highly saline-alkali soil. Even if the upper substrate surface mixes with highly saline-alkali soil during subsequent compaction, it does not affect the growth of the seeds located below the upper substrate.

Claims

1. A planting device for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation and salt regulation, comprising a vehicle body and a frame (1), wherein a trenching shovel (2) is provided at the front of the frame (1), a press wheel (17) is provided at the end of the frame (1), and a substrate storage box (3) and a seed storage box (4) are provided on the frame (1), characterized in that, It also includes a seedling belt (5) with a V-shaped groove structure. A drip irrigation belt (6) is provided in the V-shaped groove of the seedling belt (5) along the length direction. A material rolling shaft (7) and a guide roller group are provided on the frame (1). The seedling belt (5) is coiled on the material rolling shaft (7) and twisted by the guide roller group. The frame (1) is also provided with a material trough (8) that matches the shape of the seedling belt (5) along the forward direction of the vehicle body. The input end of the material trough (8) is connected to the output end of the guide roller group. The output end of the material trough (8) extends into the trench dug by the trenching shovel (2). A substrate conveying pipe and a seed conveying pipe (9) are provided above the material trough (8). The input end of the substrate conveying pipe is connected to the substrate storage box (3). The input end of the seed conveying pipe (9) is connected to the seed storage box (4). Multiple sets of baffles (16) are spaced along the length of the V-shaped groove of the seedling belt (5). The baffles (16) are inverted triangular and match the shape of the V-shaped groove. The V-shaped groove of the seedling belt (5) is separated by the baffles (16) to form multiple independent seedling areas. The baffle (16) is provided with a limiting hole for the drip irrigation tape (6) to pass through. The limiting hole is located at the connection between the side wall of the baffle and the side wall of the seedling belt (5). The drip irrigation tape (6) is fixed to the side wall of the seedling belt (5) and away from the center of the seedling area by means of the limiting hole.

2. The planting equipment for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation and salt regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide roller group includes a first guide roller (10), a second guide roller (11), and a third guide roller (12) arranged sequentially from front to back along the vehicle's forward direction. The vertical planes of the first guide roller (10), the second guide roller (11), and the third guide roller (12) are parallel to each other. The guide channel between the first guide rollers (10) is horizontally arranged and perpendicular to the vehicle's forward direction. The guide channel between the second guide rollers (11) is inclined at 40-50°. The guide channel between the third guide rollers (12) is vertically arranged and perpendicular to the vehicle's forward direction. The input end of the fabric trough (8) is connected to the output end of the third guide roller (12).

3. The planting equipment for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation and salt regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A blower is also provided between the guide roller assembly and the substrate conveying pipe, and the blower's outlet pipe (13) faces the material distribution trough (8).

4. The planting equipment for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation and salt regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The substrate delivery pipe includes a first substrate delivery pipe (14) and a second substrate delivery pipe (15), and the seed delivery pipe (9) is located between the first substrate delivery pipe (14) and the second substrate delivery pipe (15).

5. The planting equipment for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation water and salt regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seedling tray (5) is made of biodegradable paper material.

6. The planting equipment for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation water and salt regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the vehicle frame (1) is also provided with a film covering mechanism, which includes a film covering roll (18) and a soil covering wheel (19). The film wrapped on the film covering roll (18) covers the surface of the ditch, and the soil on both sides of the ditch is covered with the film by means of the soil covering wheel (19).

7. A method of using a planting device for severely saline-alkali land based on micro-irrigation and salt regulation as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Fold the seedling strip (5) along the bottom of the V-shaped groove of the seedling strip (5) and then coil it on the roller of the working machine. S201, The vehicle moves forward and uses a trenching shovel (2) to dig a ditch; S202. While opening the ditch, release the seedling belt (5). The seedling belt (5) is twisted with the help of the guide roller group until the V-shaped groove opening faces upward. S203, the seedling belt (5) is clamped by the guide roller group and passes under the air outlet pipe (13), and the seedling belt (5) opens with the help of the air outlet pipe (13); S301, the seedling belt (5) slides down along the material trough (8) and passes through the first substrate conveying pipe (14), the seed conveying pipe (9), and the second substrate conveying pipe (15) in sequence; S302, the nutrient substrate in the substrate storage box (3) falls into the V-shaped groove of the seedling belt (5) through the first substrate conveying pipe (14) and forms the lower substrate; S303, Seed storage box (4) The seeds are dropped to the surface of the lower substrate by means of the planting conveying pipe; S304. The nutrient substrate in the substrate storage box (3) falls to the surface of the lower substrate through the second substrate conveying pipe (15) to form the upper substrate. The lower substrate and the upper substrate together hold the seeds. S4. The seedling strip (5) filled with upper substrate, lower substrate and seeds slides down the feed trough (8) into the ditch; S5, the press wheel (17) presses down the upper and lower substrates in the seedling strip (5) in the ditch; S6. Use the drip irrigation tape (6) inside the seedling belt (5) to micro-irrigate the crop seeds.

Images