Method and apparatus for controlling a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure

Abstract

The application provides a control method and device for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure, the heat exchanger is movably arranged on the periphery of the enclosure through a driving device and a slide rail, the driving device is connected with a controller, the method is executed by the controller, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a current position of the heat exchanger on the slide rail around the periphery of the enclosure from a position sensor; acquiring an ambient temperature around the periphery of the enclosure from a temperature sensor; acquiring a wind speed and direction of an air flow in an upwind direction from a wind vane anemometer; determining a target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rail around the periphery of the enclosure according to the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature and the wind speed and direction of the air flow in the upwind direction; and issuing a control instruction to the driving device to control the driving device to move the heat exchanger from the current position to the target position, wherein a heat exchange coefficient of a surface of the heat exchanger at the target position is higher than a heat exchange coefficient of a surface of the heat exchanger at the current position. The heat exchanger can be maximally functional.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to heat exchangers in the field of wind power generation where the heating and cooling systems of electrical equipment operate in the exposed natural environment, as well as control methods and devices for movable heat exchangers in the building envelope that maximize the function of the heat exchangers. Background Technology

[0002] The main cause of overheating inside the tower in summer is the influence of external climatic factors, primarily including: heat transferred through conduction from solar radiation absorbed by the tower's outer casing, as well as heat transferred from the nacelle casing and generator exterior; reflected radiation and long-wave radiation from the ground and roads; and heat generated by the operation of electrical equipment inside the tower.

[0003] Inventor Ma Shengjun was the first to use the term "envelop enclosure" from the "Code for Calculation of Building Area of ​​Building Engineering" (GB / T 50353-2005) in wind power equipment, considering the tower as part of the enveloping structure of wind power equipment. GB / T 50353-2005 defines an enveloping structure as the walls, doors, windows, etc., that enclose a building space. It refers to the components (including certain accessories) that protect the building space from adverse environmental influences. Enveloping structures are divided into transparent and opaque parts: opaque enveloping structures include walls, roofs, and floors; transparent enveloping structures include windows, skylights, and balcony doors. Based on their location within the building, enveloping structures are divided into external and internal enveloping structures. Internal enveloping structures, such as partition walls, floors, and interior doors and windows, serve to separate interior spaces and should possess sound insulation, visual obstruction, and other performance characteristics requiring special features.

[0004] The building envelope typically refers to the external enclosure structure, such as exterior walls and roofs. It includes exterior walls, roofs, side windows, and exterior doors, designed to withstand wind, rain, temperature changes, and solar radiation. It should possess properties such as thermal insulation, sound insulation, waterproofing, moisture resistance, fire resistance, and durability. Materials used for the building envelope include brick, stone, soil, concrete, fiber cement board, steel plate, aluminum alloy plate, glass, fiberglass, and plastics. Building envelopes can be classified into single-layer and multi-layer composite structures based on their construction. Single-layer structures include brick walls of various thicknesses, concrete walls, profiled metal sheet walls, asbestos cement board walls, and glass sheet walls. Multi-layer composite building envelopes can be layered according to different requirements and the properties of the materials used. Typically, the outer layer is a protective layer, the middle layer is an insulation or heat insulation layer (and a vapor barrier layer if necessary), and the inner layer is the inner surface layer. Each layer is supported either by a frame or by a reinforced inner protective layer.

[0005] Here, it is evident that the inventors were the first to recognize and use the professional term "envelop enclosure" in the exploration of energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies for wind power equipment, and that it was necessary, accurate, and appropriate to regard the tower as part of the enclosure of wind power equipment.

[0006] In the exploration of energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies for wind power equipment, the professional term "envelope" was innovatively applied. Specifically, the daily radiation measurement maps of the solar radiation at the location of the tower enclosure were used to determine the "directional orientation" of the power cable laid downwards within the tower wall, serving as the primary physical basis for determining this orientation. The area for laying the power cable was defined as a region due north and slightly east of the circumferential arc of the vertical tower; this area is referred to as the "shaded side" in construction terminology. The "sunny side" of a building primarily refers to the south (in the Northern Hemisphere), and secondarily to the east and west sides with sunlight. The "shaded side" primarily refers to the north (in the Northern Hemisphere) without sunlight.

[0007] In the process of realizing this invention, the inventors discovered that the heat exchangers in the prior art, which are used for the heat generation and cooling systems of electrical equipment in wind power generation equipment and are exposed to the natural environment, cannot maximize the function of the heat exchangers. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a control method and device for a movable heat exchanger in an enclosure structure to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a control method for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure, wherein the heat exchanger is movably disposed on the periphery of the enclosure structure via a drive device and a slide rail, the drive device being connected to a controller, and the method being executed by the controller, comprising the following steps:

[0010] The current position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure is obtained from the position sensor;

[0011] The ambient temperature surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure is obtained from a temperature sensor;

[0012] The wind speed and direction of the airflow upwind are obtained from the wind direction and wind speed sensor;

[0013] The target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails around the exterior of the enclosure structure is determined based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow.

[0014] A control command is sent to the drive device to control the drive device to move the heat exchanger from its current position when the control command is issued to the target position, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than that of the heat exchanger surface at the current position.

[0015] In some possible implementations, the method further includes:

[0016] The slide rail used to support or suspend the heat exchanger is calibrated and verified in 360 degrees to obtain the first calibration result.

[0017] The wind direction and wind speed sensor is calibrated and calibrated in 360 degrees to obtain the second calibration result;

[0018] The first calibration result and the second calibration result are subjected to a unified consistency processing to obtain a unified consistency processing result;

[0019] The result of the unification process is stored in the storage unit within the controller.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the heat exchanger includes: a movable heat exchanger body; and a wheeled sliding fixing device for movably supporting or suspending the heat exchanger body on the slide rail; the driving device includes: a first drive motor for driving the wheeled sliding fixing device to move along the slide rail;

[0021] The enclosure structure includes: the tower of the wind power generation equipment, the outer wall of the mobile power station, the shell of the transport equipment, and the outer wall of the building enclosure structure;

[0022] The shape of the slide rail includes: circular, elliptical, or polygonal;

[0023] The materials of the slide rail include: metal, a mixture of non-metal and metal, concrete, or non-metal.

[0024] The slide rail is installed on the outer surface of the foundation around the tower, or above the height of the tower door, or on the outer periphery of the tower below the nacelle;

[0025] The wheeled sliding fixing device includes:

[0026] The four-wheel support device includes: a support platform frame, two wheels connected by a first wheel axle, two wheels connected by a second wheel axle, and a rotating shaft for supporting the heat exchanger body to rotate within a 360-degree range; one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger body, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support platform frame of the four-wheel support device; the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle are mounted on the support platform frame;

[0027] The first drive motor is used to drive the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle of the four-wheel support device to rotate, thereby driving the four wheels of the four-wheel support device to roll on the slide rail;

[0028] The driving device further includes a second driving motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate within a 360-degree range.

[0029] In some possible implementations, determining the target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow specifically includes:

[0030] When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is lower than the first threshold below zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower and brake the heat exchanger.

[0031] When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is lower than the second threshold below zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower, and the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working and to brake the heat exchanger; the second threshold below zero is less than the first threshold below zero.

[0032] When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is higher than the third threshold above zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the shaded side of the tower, and the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working and brake; the third threshold above zero is greater than the absolute value of the second threshold below zero.

[0033] In some possible implementations, determining the target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow specifically includes:

[0034] In winter, when the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is higher than the first threshold below zero but lower than 0 degrees, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail until the heat exchanger faces the upwind airflow. The heat exchange fins of the heat exchanger directly face the upwind airflow. The fan inside the heat exchanger is aligned with the wind direction and accelerates the upwind airflow into the heat exchanger, so that the fan's airflow direction is consistent and coordinated with the flow field of the upwind airflow.

[0035] Control the heat exchanger to move to one of two target positions. The two target positions are: the projection position on the slide rail of the position where the upward airflow hits the tower wall and moves clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall at a 90-degree angle. The two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

[0036] In some possible implementations, determining the target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow specifically includes:

[0037] During the summer hours, between 10:00 and 18:00, control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger to the slide rail corresponding to the shaded side of the tower.

[0038] During the rainy season in summer, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the slide rail corresponding to the leeward side of the tower.

[0039] Between 6 PM on the same day and 10 AM the following day in summer, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to one of two target positions. The two target positions are: the projection position on the slide rail at a 90-degree angle clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall, starting from the stagnation point where the wind-driven airflow hits the tower wall. The two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

[0040] In some possible implementations, the heat exchanger body is equipped with a fan to force external airflow across the heat exchanger surface, and the fan shaft is driven by a third drive motor; the wind direction and speed sensor is a wind vane anemometer, and the method further includes:

[0041] When using an induced draft heat exchanger, the second drive motor is controlled according to the wind direction and wind speed data from the wind vane anemometer so that the air inlet gap of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body is facing the airflow upwind of the tower.

[0042] When an exhaust-type heat exchanger is used, the exposed surface of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body is controlled to face downwind, and the third drive motor and fan driving the fan are opposite to the exhaust-type heat exchanger, with the air flowing away from the upwind direction.

[0043] The aforementioned air-induced heat exchanger refers to a heat exchanger core facing the upwind airflow, with a fan acting as an air-induced draft downstream of the heat exchanger.

[0044] The exhaust structure heat exchanger refers to a fan that serves as an exhaust fan located upstream of the heat exchanger core. The incoming airflow first passes through the fan, which serves as an exhaust fan, and is accelerated by blowing air towards the heat exchanger core before entering the airflow gap of the heat exchanger core.

[0045] In some possible implementations, the enclosure structure includes the tower of the wind power generation equipment, wherein the tower located north of the Tropic of Cancer has a north-facing shaded side from solar radiation, and the tower located south of the Tropic of Capricorn has a south-facing shaded side from solar radiation. The method further includes:

[0046] Position the heat exchanger on the north or south shaded side of the tower one hour after sunrise and one hour after sunset.

[0047] In some possible implementations, the enclosure structure includes the tower of a wind power generation device, and the method further includes:

[0048] The solar radiation equivalent temperature is obtained from the meteorological data of the current wind farm area; or, the solar radiation equivalent temperature at the location of the tower is calculated from the radiation intensity measured by the total radiation meter installed at the wind farm itself.

[0049] The combined temperature of the tower perimeter is obtained by adding the solar radiation equivalent temperature at the location of the tower to the airflow temperature at the location of the tower or the ambient temperature around the exterior of the building envelope.

[0050] Based on the wind direction and speed data from the wind vane anemometer, the temperature of the upwind airflow sensed by the temperature sensor, and the combined temperature of the tower periphery, the cooling capacity of the upwind airflow on the cooling medium inside the heat exchanger is calculated based on Newton's law of cooling and the fourth power of thermal radiation.

[0051] Based on the cooling capacity of the upwind airflow on the cooling medium inside the heat exchanger, determine whether to move the heat exchanger to a slide rail position on the shaded side of the tower from solar radiation.

[0052] In some possible implementations, the method further includes:

[0053] When the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, the first drive motor is controlled to drive the heat exchanger to stop on the slide rail on the leeward side of the tower for braking.

[0054] Alternatively, when the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, the first drive motor is controlled to stop the heat exchanger on the slide rail on the shaded side of the tower, and brake it.

[0055] Alternatively, when the heat exchanger is in hot standby mode, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the slide rail on the leeward side of the tower according to the prevailing wind direction of the wind farm, and then brake it.

[0056] In some possible implementations, the method further includes:

[0057] The image sensor monitors whether there are any obstacles above the slide rail that hinder the movement of the heat exchanger, and obtains image information of the obstacles above the slide rail.

[0058] An instruction to clear the obstacle is generated based on the obstacle image information and sent to a removal device located above the slide rail, so as to control the removal device to remove the obstacle on the slide rail according to the instruction to clear the obstacle.

[0059] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0060] At least one processor; and,

[0061] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0062] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor.

[0063] The processor executes the control method for the movable heat exchanger of any of the above-described enclosure structures.

[0064] Thirdly, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the control method for a movable heat exchanger of any of the above-described enclosure structures.

[0065] Fourthly, a control method for a movable heat exchanger in an enclosure structure is provided, wherein the heat exchanger is movably mounted on the periphery of the enclosure structure via an air cushion slide rail system, and the method is executed by a controller in the air cushion slide rail system, comprising the following steps:

[0066] The current position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure is obtained from the position sensor;

[0067] The ambient temperature surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure is obtained from a temperature sensor;

[0068] The wind speed and direction of the airflow upwind are obtained from the wind direction and wind speed sensor;

[0069] The target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails around the exterior of the enclosure structure is determined based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow.

[0070] A control command is sent to the drive device in the air cushion slide system to control the drive device to move the heat exchanger from the current position when the control command is issued to the target position, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the current position.

[0071] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0072] This invention relates to a heat exchanger (radiator) installed on the periphery of a tower for high-power electrical equipment such as wind power converters and transformers, and a cooling system supporting the transfer of heat generated within a conventional tower (or tower frame). To fully utilize the function of the radiator in the cooling system, a sliding track is installed around the periphery of the tower. The current position of the heat exchanger on the sliding track is determined based on the air temperature and solar radiation equivalent temperature in the 360-degree space surrounding the tower. The heat exchanger is then adjusted to its correct position using a heat exchanger drive device, maximizing its function, suppressing internal heat generation and temperature rise during operation, and ensuring the normal operation of the electrical equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0073] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0074] Figure 1 This is a typical layout diagram of traditional wind power generation electrical equipment (converters) and their heat exchanger devices inside and outside the tower;

[0075] Figure 2 This is a comprehensive temperature map of the external environment at the location of the wind turbine tower in summer, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 3 This is a comprehensive temperature diagram of the summer wind turbine tower enclosure structure in different orientations according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 4This is a top view of the tower, showing the solar radiation and high temperatures at the location of the wind turbine in summer.

[0078] Figure 5 This is the traditional arrangement of external heat exchangers in a tower.

[0079] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a radiator device with a sliding rail and a field-coordinated movement orientation control method for enhancing heat dissipation through solar radiation and upwind airflow, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a radiator device with a sliding rail and a field-coordinated movement orientation control method for enhancing heat dissipation through solar radiation and upwind airflow, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a radiator device with a suspended slide rail and a field-coordinated movement orientation control method for enhancing heat dissipation through solar radiation and upwind airflow, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of a control method for a movable heat exchanger in the enclosure structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Figure 10 This is a functional block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0085] 10. Slide rail; 20. Heat exchanger; 30. Drive unit; 40. Controller; 50. Tower; 70. Wind vane and anemometer; 80. Nacelle; 90. Windward anchor point of the tower;

[0086] 12. Slide rail bracket; 220. Four-wheel support device;

[0087] 21. Heat exchanger body; 22. Wheeled sliding fixing device; 23. Fan;

[0088] 51. Tower wall; 52. Tower door; 53. Equipment platform inside the tower;

[0089] 61. Electrical equipment; 62. Power transmission cables; 63. Coolant pipelines. Detailed Implementation

[0090] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to multiple technical fields, including wind power generation, mobile power stations, large transportation equipment, and building envelope.

[0092] Mobile power plants and their engines are set up within an environment with an enclosure, such as a desert power plant, with a movable heat exchanger unit located outside the enclosure.

[0093] Large transport equipment, such as ship systems, requires movable heat exchangers to be installed on the windward side of the enclosure structure for large heat-generating equipment.

[0094] Building envelopes, such as large-scale experimental equipment bases, contain large heat-generating equipment inside. The exterior of the building envelope is equipped with movable cooling equipment via sliding rails, which can achieve the effect of sun protection or wind protection when the equipment is stopped.

[0095] Figure 1 This is a typical layout diagram of traditional wind power generation electrical equipment (converters) and their heat exchangers inside and outside the tower. (Example) Figure 1As shown, this diagram illustrates the basic components of onshore wind power generation equipment. The wind turbine transmits rotational mechanical energy to the generator via its shaft system. The nacelle 80 serves as the enclosure structure for the wind turbine generator's operating site, providing a safe enclosed space for auxiliary equipment, monitoring and control equipment, and operation and maintenance personnel. A wind vane and anemometer 70 are installed on the top of the nacelle 80, near the rear, to ensure the turbine's front faces the upwind airflow, facilitating maximum wind energy absorption by the turbine when the airflow sweeps across it. The electrical energy output from the generator is first sent to the bottom of the tower via the power transmission cable 62 inside the tower. During this transmission process, continuous heat loss occurs, dispersing throughout the space inside the tower 50. This heat is absorbed by the supporting structure of the tower 50. The heat capacity of the limited space inside the tower 50 is finite. Simultaneously, the electrical equipment 61 installed at the bottom of the tower 50, such as converters and transformers, are high-power power conversion and transmission devices with very high operating losses. Even at kilowatts or hundreds of kilowatts, if timely measures are not taken to manage the heat generated during operation, the temperature rise within the supporting structure of the tower 50 will continue to rise to a level that the internal electrical and power transmission equipment cannot withstand, failing to meet the basic operating requirements of the equipment inside the tower 50. Therefore, it is necessary to configure a cooling system for the high-power electrical equipment to absorb the heat before transferring it to the outside of the tower 50. The cooling system includes a radiator, i.e., a heat exchanger 20, which is part of the cooling system that cools the heat sources (electrical equipment 61, power transmission cables 62) inside the tower 50. The power source for the flow of the cooling medium within the tower 50 (e.g., pumps, exhaust fans, induced draft fans, blowers, fans 23) drives the fluid medium to flow. When passing the heat source inside the electrical equipment 61 (converter, transformer), the heat generated by the heat source is transferred to the flowing cooling medium through convection and heat conduction, following the second law of thermodynamics. The cooling medium, carrying the absorbed heat energy, flows through the coolant pipeline 63 to the heat exchanger 20 outside the tower 50, utilizing the airflow and the earth or even the sky as cold sources to release the heat energy. Of course, there is also a periodic heat source, namely solar radiation, which exists from morning to sunset on the tower enclosure structure and the radiators. This is one of the most unfavorable factors or problems for radiator heat dissipation (to be discussed later). Figure 2 (Then we'll analyze it again.) Figure 1 In the tower, the equipment platform 53 supports the electrical equipment 61 inside the tower. The wind vane and anemometer 70 can be replaced by a multi-functional weather station, a mobile weather station, an anemometer, a wind speed and direction sensor, or other wind direction and speed monitoring instruments.

[0096] Therefore, the key is to leverage the upwind airflow around the outside of the tower 50 and the synergistic flow field between the fluid transport power source (e.g., fan, ventilator, exhaust fan) configured on the heat exchanger 20 and the ambient airflow to enhance the external convective heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger 20, while simultaneously reducing the plant power consumption of the power transport equipment for energy conservation and emission reduction. From a temporal and spatial perspective, the heat exchanger 20's position utilizes the synergistic field weakening effect between the tower and solar radiation; that is, the upwind airflow from the ambient environment passing through the exposed surface of the heat exchanger 20 (radiator) synergizes with the flow field of the fluid transport power source configured on the radiator outside the tower to facilitate the transport of external airflow and improve the heat transfer rate of the heat exchanger 20's surface. This aims to minimize the temperature of the cooling medium, allowing it to return to the heat source inside the tower for recirculation and efficient utilization.

[0097] Figure 2 This is a comprehensive temperature map of the external environment at the location of the wind turbine tower in summer. Figure 2 In the figure, a1 represents the composite temperature curve outside the tower, a2 represents the air temperature curve outside the tower, and a3 represents the solar radiation equivalent temperature curve. Figure 2 The horizontal axis represents time in hours, and the vertical axis represents temperature in degrees Celsius. For example... Figure 2 As shown, based on the natural environmental meteorological data of the wind farm tower location, the temperature changes of the external environment of the tower on a representative day in summer are measured and plotted. In summer, the most important outdoor climate conditions for building thermal calculations are solar radiation and the external air temperature of the building envelope. Although the heat exchange methods between them and the tower's outer coating are different, the effect is the same: increasing the temperature of the outer coatings of the tower, nacelle, and radiators. To simplify the calculation, the thermal effect of solar radiation on the building envelope (i.e., solar radiation equivalent temperature) is converted using a hypothetical combined temperature of the tower and nacelle to represent the combined effect of solar radiation and outdoor air temperature; that is, curves 2 and 3 are superimposed to form curve 1. (Note: Based on the geographical environment of a wind farm in a certain location in my country within the Northern Hemisphere).

[0098] Figure 3 This is a comprehensive temperature diagram of the wind turbine tower enclosure structure in different orientations during summer. (Example) Figure 3 As shown, based on the natural environmental meteorological data of the location of the wind farm tower, the temperature changes of the tower, nacelle, and radiator (heat exchanger) enclosure structure under different orientations on representative days in summer are measured and plotted. Figure 3 The horizontal axis represents time in hours, and the vertical axis represents temperature in degrees Celsius. Figure 3 In the figure, label b1 represents the temperature-time variation curve corresponding to the horizontal plane, label b2 represents the temperature-time variation curve corresponding to the east-facing vertical plane, and label b3 represents the temperature-time variation curve corresponding to the west-facing vertical plane. Figure 3This reflects the following information:

[0099] The combined temperature of the top of the nacelle 80 and heat exchanger 20 was consistently higher than that of the east and west vertical surfaces of the tower, nacelle, and radiator outer enclosure from 8:00 to 14:00. With 12:00 as the symmetrical point, the external environment of the top (or upper surface) of the nacelle and heat exchanger was continuously in a high combined temperature environment.

[0100] The temperature on the west-facing vertical surface of the outer enclosure of tower 50, nacelle 80, and heat exchanger 20 was higher than the temperature on the east-facing vertical surface after a delay of 8 hours.

[0101] After the westward vertical plane reaches its highest temperature value at 16:00, the transmission of the temperature wave to the tower and the inner wall of the nacelle will be delayed by about half an hour. The length of the delay is related to the heat storage coefficient of the tower and nacelle materials and the coating materials. The size of the heat storage coefficient corresponds to the length of time the high temperature inside the enclosure structure is delayed.

[0102] In the Hami region on the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, strong winds frequently occur after 6 PM during the summer, causing wind turbines to operate at full power until after midnight. This means that the heat generated by the internal heat source (electrical equipment) of the wind turbine continues to rise, and a decrease in the external ambient temperature does not immediately affect (lower) the ambient temperature inside the turbine (within the building envelope). Therefore, the cooling system must rely on radiators (heat exchangers) located outside the tower to release the heat carried from inside the building envelope into the natural environment.

[0103] The movable heat exchanger device around the wind turbine tower and the control method for determining the direction of movement in this embodiment fully utilize the above-mentioned features. Figure 2 , Figure 3 The technological characteristics reflected in the spatiotemporal structure are to adopt moving and dynamic sun-avoiding and heat-insulating measures for the traditional fixed position of the radiator, and to solve the drawbacks of solar radiation on heat exchanger heat dissipation by releasing radiant heat from the radiator to the natural environment and reducing the radiant heating of the radiator by the ground environment.

[0104] Figure 4 This is a top-down view of the wind turbine's location, showing the solar radiation levels and the occurrence of high temperatures and heavy rainfall in different directions during the summer. For example... Figure 4 As shown, before constructing a wind farm in a certain location in the Northern Hemisphere, the inventors collected meteorological data and measured the daily radiation in the summer at the installation site, specifically the daily radiation values ​​for the east, south, west, and north directions, as well as directly above the site, and plotted them as follows. Figure 4 The dumbbell-shaped curve shown represents the amount of solar radiation in each direction the wind turbine tower is located in.

[0105] Based on the natural environment and meteorological data of the wind power equipment installation site, a representative schematic diagram of the daily variation of summer solar radiation around the outer perimeter of the tower was measured and drawn.

[0106] Changes in daily radiation, such as Figure 4 As shown by the dumbbell-shaped curve, the radial amplitude (length) along different directions represents the instantaneous solar radiation intensity projected onto the tower wall during the corresponding tower direction at different times. From Figure 4 As can be seen, the area where high temperatures begin to appear approximately 60° clockwise from south to west, continuing until due west, after which the radiation intensity begins to decrease (i.e., what is commonly referred to as "western sun exposure"). The area due north at this location does not receive direct solar radiation, only local surface radiation and atmospheric radiation, i.e., environmental radiation, which has a very weak amplitude (but can be utilized). This makes it worthwhile to bridge the gap and is one of the key technological inventions of this case.

[0107] Figure 4 It also gives the direction of summer storms in this geographical environment. Storms from this direction wash over the tower walls and the surrounding radiators. The extremely weak solar radiation, along with the directional storms (regularity), results in lower temperatures on the north side of the tower walls and the outer area to the right.

[0108] According to the laws of mass migration, flux (heat flow) = driving force (temperature and pressure) / resistance (thermal resistance) of the mass migration process. Inside the tower, especially at the bottom, there are generator converters and their reactors, transformers (including transformers supplying power to the generator and those connecting to the grid), and main power cables. These are all heat sources, and their surface temperatures are much higher than the temperature on the north side of the tower wall. Here, a radial temperature difference exists between the heat source and the outer wall. By arranging heat sources and building radial heat transfer channels, heat dissipation is enhanced. For the external radiators of the tower, the external heat dissipation rate is enhanced. The most favorable conditions for heat dissipation on the exterior of the components are achieved (actively eliminating solar radiation, actively increasing forced convection heat transfer, actively facing the wind, and actively assisting the fan in creating a convective heat transfer rate that drives airflow through the fins). Based on Newton's law of cooling, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6 (As shown). Figure 4 It is based on the geographical environment and meteorological data of a wind farm in a certain area of ​​my country in the Northern Hemisphere.

[0109] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the traditional layout of the external heat exchanger in the tower. (For...) Figure 5 The explanation is as follows:

[0110] Figure 5 The orientation of the heat-insulating coating on the inner wall of the sunlit side of the tower is shown schematically. It can be extended from due south to due west by counterclockwise.

[0111] Figure 5The power transmission cables shown are only six in a row, which is just a schematic diagram. The actual number of cables and the spacing between them will vary depending on the capacity of the unit. They may not be arranged in a straight line; they could be arc-shaped "⌒" with equal spacing to the inner wall of the tower, or a wavy "~". The power transmission cables are one of the heat sources for the electrical equipment inside the tower.

[0112] The positional relationship between the power transmission cable 62 (one of the heat sources of electrical equipment inside the tower) and the electrical equipment 61 (converter, transformer, electrical control cabinet, the main heat source inside the tower) is only illustrative. It is not excluded that the two may be swapped from left to right in the view, including adjusting the electrical equipment 61 eastward in a clockwise direction in the view, away from the power transmission cable 62.

[0113] The heat sources inside the tower 50 (power transmission cables 62, electrical equipment 61) generate heat during operation. Some high-power heat sources (e.g., converters, transformers) are equipped with cooling systems. The external radiators of the cooling system, i.e., heat exchangers, are part of the cooling system that cools the heat sources (electrical equipment) inside the tower. The power source (e.g., a pump) that drives the flow of the fluid medium in the cooling system inside the tower propels the fluid medium. When passing through the heat sources inside the electrical equipment (converters, transformers), the heat generated by the heat sources is transferred to the flowing cooling medium through convection and heat conduction, following the second law of thermodynamics. The cooling medium, carrying the absorbed heat energy, flows through transmission pipelines to the external heat exchanger of the tower, where it releases heat energy using airflow and the earth or even the sky in the natural environment. Of course, there is also a periodic heat source, namely solar radiation, which is one of the adverse factors.

[0114] One objective of this embodiment is to leverage the upwind airflow around the outside of the tower and the synergy between the fluid transport power source (e.g., fan, ventilator, exhaust fan) configured on the radiator and the ambient airflow to enhance the external convective heat transfer rate of the radiator, while simultaneously reducing the plant power consumption of the power transport equipment for energy conservation and emission reduction. From a spatiotemporal perspective, the radiator's position achieves synergy with solar radiation through the tower; the external radiator assists in the external heat exchange rate by transporting the upwind airflow from the ambient environment across the heat exchange surface, thus minimizing the temperature of the cooling medium. The cooled medium then flows back to the heat source inside the tower for recirculation and efficient utilization.

[0115] The disadvantages of the traditional arrangement of heat exchangers (radiators) on the outside of the tower enclosure structure (see...) Figure 5The placement of the tower door is usually consistent with the design philosophy of the tower door. The door's opening position is chosen to avoid excessive wind pressure on the windward side, making opening difficult. It is placed on the leeward side opposite to the prevailing wind direction, and is often even fixed below the tower door, acting as a shelter. However, this arrangement is counterproductive to the heat dissipation requirements of the external heat exchanger. It fails to follow the basic principles of Newton's law of cooling, and even demonstrates a lack of understanding of heat transfer, violating objective laws. So-called "enhanced heat transfer technology" refers to techniques that increase the convective heat transfer coefficient. Enhanced heat transfer technology can be approached from the solid side or the fluid side, by changing the surface structure / shape of the solid, or by changing the fluid's motion state or the external force field it experiences. Passive enhanced heat transfer technology refers to technologies that require no additional power beyond the power to transport the heat transfer medium. Active technology, on the other hand, requires additional power (mechanical force, electromagnetic force). Enhancing heat transfer technology can be approached from different angles, from the solid side and the fluid side. Since the outer surface of the heat exchanger (radiator) is the contact surface with the natural environment and the source of radiant heat emitted into the natural environment, the color of the protective coating on the radiator should be a color that is conducive to emitting infrared thermal radiation, and at the same time, a color with a high radiation reflectivity to the tower.

[0116] Figure 6 This invention relates to a method for controlling the directional movement of a radiator device with a sliding rail, which enhances heat dissipation through solar radiation and upwind airflow. Figure 6 Electrical equipment 61 and power transmission cables 62 are installed inside the central tower wall 51. Figure 6 A tower door 52 is provided on the lower right corner of the tower wall 51, and a slide rail 10 is arranged around the outside of the tower wall 51, encircling it once or at least halfway around. The heat exchanger 20 can move on the slide rail 10. (For...) Figure 6 The explanation is as follows:

[0117] By making full use of the upwind airflow around the outside of the tower 50 and the field synergy between the fluid transport power source (e.g., fan, ventilator, induced draft fan) configured on the heat exchanger 20 and the natural ambient airflow, the heat exchanger 20 external convective heat transfer rate is enhanced, while the plant power consumption of the power transport equipment is reduced to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0118] From a spatiotemporal perspective, two synergies are achieved: firstly, the location of the radiators around the outside of the tower achieves field synergy with solar radiation through the tower itself, thus eliminating the external heating of the radiators by solar radiation; secondly, the external radiators facilitate the external heat exchange rate by addressing the field synergy of the upwind airflow passing through the heat exchange surface, i.e., Newton's law of cooling, to minimize the temperature of the cooling medium, allowing it to flow back to the heat source inside the tower for recirculation and heat absorption. This cyclical and efficient utilization of the cooling medium ensures that the temperature rise of electrical equipment is limited, guaranteeing reliable and safe operation. The lowest possible cold source in the components, achieving these two synergies, supports an enhanced heat dissipation rate.

[0119] From the convective heat transfer energy equation (treating the tower wall radial direction in two-dimensional cylindrical coordinates):

[0120] ;

[0121] For convective heat transfer between the upwind airflow outside the tower and the radiator without phase change, any measures that can thin the boundary layer, increase the air velocity, and improve the contact velocity between the airflow and the heat exchanger core fins can enhance heat transfer. Analyzing the technical mechanism of enhancing one-way convective heat transfer, integrating the convective heat transfer energy equation for air boundary layer type heat transfer with respect to the thickness of the air thermal boundary layer on the heat exchanger surface yields:

[0122] .

[0123] q w δt represents the heat exchanged between the fluid and the solid at the solid wall surface, i.e., convective heat transfer; δt is the thickness of the thermal boundary layer. As can be seen from the equation, when the density, specific heat capacity at isobaric pressure, and thermal conductivity are given, the characteristics of the flow field and temperature gradient field (or heat flow field) determine the heat flow at the boundary, thus determining the convective heat transfer coefficient at the boundary. Therefore, two vector fields exist in the convective heat transfer domain:

[0124] Velocity field: U(x,y,z);

[0125] Temperature gradient field: ;

[0126] Or three scalar fields:

[0127] Absolute velocity: |U| (x, y, z);

[0128] Absolute value of temperature gradient: ;

[0129] Cosine field of included angle: (x,y,z);

[0130] According to the rules of vector operations, we have Under a certain speed and temperature gradient, reduce the angle between the two. This is an effective measure to enhance heat transfer. Whether it's boundary layer flow or flow with recirculation, enhancing convective heat transfer under a certain velocity and temperature gradient essentially means reducing the angle between the velocity and temperature gradients (this idea is called the "field synergy principle"). The field synergy principle reveals the essence of enhancing convective heat transfer; thinning the boundary layer and increasing turbulence in the airflow essentially reduce the angle between the velocity and temperature gradients. The synergy between the velocity field and the temperature gradient field is reflected in three aspects: the cosine of the angle between the velocity vector and the temperature gradient vector should be as large as possible, i.e., the angle between the two vectors should be as small or as large as possible; the fluid velocity profile and temperature profile should be as uniform as possible; and the largest values ​​in the three scalar fields should be matched with the largest values, that is, the largest values ​​in the three scalar fields should appear simultaneously in certain regions of a certain field. The field "synergy number" is expressed as: Fc = The heat exchanger core and power source (here, fan, induced draft fan) are designed in accordance with these principles. For traditional building envelopes containing heat sources, such as electrical equipment, their cooling systems include heat exchangers. These heat exchangers are placed around the exterior of the building envelope and equipped with movable rails (or relatively smooth support surfaces) to support or suspend and restrict their trajectory. The heat exchanger itself is equipped with a ventilation fan, the fan's shaft is driven by a third drive motor, and the heat exchanger is equipped with a servo drive device and its controller.

[0131] For the load-bearing enclosure structure such as the tower (or frame) used in wind power equipment, the electrical equipment inside the enclosure includes heat-generating devices such as converters, transformers, reactors, motors, or bearings. The wind power equipment is equipped with a wind vane and an anemometer 70, and a temperature sensor to measure the airflow temperature. The slide rail 10 can be a circular track, or, considering external natural conditions, an elliptical track or a polygonal track. The material of the slide rail 10 can be metal, a mixture of non-metallic and metallic materials, concrete, or a non-metallic material or fiberglass.

[0132] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the heat exchanger 20 is designed with a four-wheel support device 220 with two wheels at the front and two wheels at the rear for movable function. The support wheels have axle structures, and the rotating axles are driven by a servo drive motor transmission mechanism. The servo drive motor is connected to a controller 40. The controller 40 is connected to sensors including those for measuring the specific location of the heat exchanger, measuring the airflow temperature, and measuring wind speed and direction. The controller 40 receives signals from each sensor and sends control signals to the servo drive motor in the drive device 30.

[0133] The heat exchanger 20 is designed with a rotatable windward side, similar to the wind vane and anemometer 70, which also has a wind-following function. Figure 8As shown, the heat exchanger is designed with slide rails 10 for supporting or suspending the heat exchanger, which are installed on the outer surface of the foundation around the tower; or installed above the height of the tower door 52 and supported by the outer wall of the tower via slide rail brackets 12; or installed below the nacelle 80 and supported by the outer wall of the tower. This design frees the heat exchanger 20 from the adverse factors of the external ground around the tower 50, including: vegetation, lint, flying sand and gravel clogging the fin gaps on the outer surface of the radiator, flooding, and the large roughness of the ground airflow boundary layer caused by ground vegetation, which impedes the airflow velocity and reduces the heat dissipation rate of the outer surface of the radiator.

[0134] like Figure 9 As shown, a control method for a movable heat exchanger in an enclosure structure is provided. The heat exchanger is movably mounted on the periphery of the enclosure structure via a drive device and a slide rail. The drive device is connected to a controller, and the method is executed by the controller, including the following steps:

[0135] S110: Obtain the current position of the heat exchanger on the slide rail around the exterior of the enclosure structure from the position sensor; the current position is the real-time position or real-time positioning information;

[0136] S120: Obtain the ambient temperature around the exterior of the enclosure structure from a temperature sensor;

[0137] S130: Obtain the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow from the wind vane anemometer;

[0138] S140: Determine the target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rail around the exterior of the enclosure structure based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow.

[0139] S150: A control command is sent to the drive device to control the drive device to move the heat exchanger from the current position when the control command is sent to the target position, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the current position.

[0140] In some embodiments, a movable heat exchanger device is installed around the periphery of the wind turbine tower. The control method for determining the moving position of the heat exchanger includes:

[0141] The movable slide rail used to support or suspend the heat exchanger is calibrated and calibrated in 360 degrees to obtain the first calibration result;

[0142] The wind direction and orientation sensed by the wind vane are calibrated and calibrated in 360 degrees to obtain the second calibration result.

[0143] The first calibration result and the second calibration result are subjected to a unified standardization process to obtain a unified standardization result. The unified standardization process means that either the first calibration result or the second calibration result is used as the calibration basis, and the other one of the two is calibrated.

[0144] The result of the unification process is stored in the storage unit within the controller.

[0145] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger includes: a movable heat exchanger body; and a wheeled sliding fixing device for movably supporting or suspending the heat exchanger body on the slide rail; the driving device includes: a first drive motor for driving the wheeled sliding fixing device to move along the slide rail; the enclosure structure includes the tower of the wind power generation equipment; the shape of the slide rail includes: circular, elliptical, or polygonal; the material of the slide rail includes: metal, a mixture of non-metal and metal, concrete, or non-metallic material; the slide rail is disposed on the outer surface of the foundation around the tower, or above the tower door in the height direction, or on the outer periphery of the tower below the nacelle.

[0146] like Figure 7 As shown, the wheeled sliding fixing device 22 includes, but is not limited to, a four-wheel support device 220. The four-wheel support device 220 includes: a support platform frame, two wheels connected by a first wheel axle, two wheels connected by a second wheel axle, and a rotating shaft for supporting the heat exchanger body to rotate within a 360-degree range. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger body, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support platform frame of the four-wheel support device. The first wheel axle and the second wheel axle are mounted on the support platform frame. A first drive motor is used to drive the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle of the four-wheel support device to rotate, thereby driving the four wheels of the four-wheel support device 220 to roll on the slide rail 10. In an alternative embodiment, the wheeled sliding fixing device 22 may employ more or fewer wheels.

[0147] The drive unit 30 also includes a second drive motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate within a 360-degree range.

[0148] In some embodiments, step S140 specifically includes:

[0149] When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is below the first threshold below zero (e.g., -30 degrees Celsius), the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower and brake the heat exchanger; this prevents wind and snow from entering the gaps between the heat exchanger fins and icing up to block the airflow channels. At this time, the ambient temperature is low enough to support the cooling of the fluid medium inside the heat exchanger, and excessive cooling is not required. If the coolant temperature is too low, the viscous resistance generated by the flow will increase significantly, and the power source (pump and its drive motor) driving the fluid medium in the cooling system will consume more electricity.

[0150] When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is lower than the second threshold below zero (e.g., -35 degrees Celsius), the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower, and the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working and braked. This protects the heat exchanger device and prevents the high-speed, low-temperature cold airflow from scouring the heat exchanger and generating large temperature difference thermal stress, which could cause excessive deformation of the heat exchanger or even leakage. At the same time, the entire wind turbine stops operating.

[0151] When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is higher than the third threshold above zero (e.g., 45 degrees Celsius above zero), the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the shaded side of the tower to protect the heat exchanger, control the heat exchanger to stop working and brake the heat exchanger, and at the same time the wind turbine generator stops running.

[0152] In some embodiments, step S140 specifically includes:

[0153] In winter, when the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is higher than the first threshold below zero (e.g., -30 degrees Celsius) and lower than 0 degrees Celsius, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail until the heat exchanger faces the upwind airflow. The heat exchange fins of the heat exchanger directly face the upwind airflow. The fan inside the heat exchanger is aligned with the wind direction and accelerates the upwind airflow into the heat exchanger, so that the airflow direction of the fan is consistent with the flow field of the upwind airflow.

[0154] The heat exchanger is controlled to move to one of two target positions, the two target positions being: the stagnation point where the airflow from the above direction impacts the tower wall (e.g., Figure 7 The projection position on the slide rail is the location of the tower's windward stagnation point (i.e., the airflow stagnation point) at which the tower wall is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise at a 90-degree angle to the circumference of the tower wall. The two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with the central axis of the slide rail or the tower. Choose a position with weak solar radiation or one that is shaded by the tower. At night, the shadow does not need to be considered.

[0155] In some embodiments, step S140 specifically includes:

[0156] During the summer hours, between 10:00 and 18:00, control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger to the slide rail corresponding to the shaded side of the tower, except on cloudy days;

[0157] During rainy periods in summer, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the slide rail corresponding to the leeward side of the tower, protecting the insulation structure of the electrical equipment of the servo motor on the heat exchanger from direct erosion by rainwater.

[0158] Between 6 PM on the same day and 10 AM the following day in summer, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to one of two target positions. The two target positions are: the projection position on the slide rail at a 90-degree angle clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall, starting from the stagnation point where the wind-driven airflow hits the tower wall. The two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

[0159] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger body is equipped with a fan for forcing external airflow across the heat exchanger surface, and the fan shaft is driven by a third drive motor.

[0160] The control method for determining the moving position of the heat exchanger also includes the following steps:

[0161] A fluid structure heat exchanger that sets both exhaust (or forced air) and induced air relationships for the relationship between the heat exchanger body's fin heat exchange gap and the airflow generated by the fan rotation.

[0162] When using a draft heat exchanger, the second drive motor is controlled to align the air inlet gap of the heat exchanger core with the upwind airflow around the tower, based on the wind direction and speed data sensed by the wind vane anemometer. For example, if the wind speed is too high (above 25 m / s), the machine should be stopped and the draft heat exchanger should be turned off to avoid resonance or damage to the heat exchanger. When the wind speed is low (below 5 m / s), the draft heat exchanger should be turned on to operate.

[0163] When using a heat exchanger with an exhaust (or blower) structure, the exposed surface of the heat exchanger core is controlled to face downwind, which is the opposite of the former suction-air structure heat exchanger. The third drive motor driving the fan and the fan back face upwind of the airflow.

[0164] Among them, the induced draft heat exchanger refers to a heat exchanger core facing the upwind airflow, with a fan acting as an induced draft downstream of the heat exchanger.

[0165] Among them, the exhaust structure heat exchanger refers to a fan (i.e., exhaust fan) that serves as an exhaust fan and is located upstream of the heat exchanger core. The airflow from the upwind direction first passes through the exhaust fan and is accelerated towards the heat exchanger core before entering the airflow gap of the heat exchanger core body.

[0166] In some embodiments, at locations determined by latitude and longitude on the Earth's surface, a tower located north of the Tropic of Cancer has a north-facing shaded side of the solar radiation tower, and a tower located south of the Tropic of Capricorn has a south-facing shaded side of the solar radiation tower. The control method further includes: the controller first selects to position the heat exchanger on a slide rail on the shaded side around the tower one hour after sunrise and one hour before sunset.

[0167] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps:

[0168] The solar radiation equivalent temperature is obtained from the meteorological data of the current wind farm area; or, the solar radiation equivalent temperature at the location of the tower is calculated from the radiation intensity measured by the total radiation meter installed at the wind farm itself.

[0169] The combined temperature of the outer perimeter of the tower is obtained by adding the equivalent temperature of solar radiation at the location of the tower to the airflow temperature at the location of the tower.

[0170] Based on the wind direction and speed data from the wind vane anemometer, the temperature of the upwind airflow sensed by the temperature sensor, and the combined temperature of the tower periphery, the cooling capacity of the upwind airflow on the cooling medium inside the heat exchanger is calculated based on Newton's law of cooling and the fourth power of thermal radiation.

[0171] Based on the cooling capacity of the upwind airflow on the cooling medium inside the heat exchanger, determine whether to move the heat exchanger to a slide rail position on the shaded side of the tower from solar radiation.

[0172] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following steps:

[0173] When the heat exchanger is in hot standby, a control method for its movement is determined to protect the heat exchanger device. Specifically, during short-term or long-term shutdowns of the wind power equipment, the first drive motor can actively adjust the heat exchanger to stay on the slide rail on the leeward side for braking; to prevent wear or impact damage to the heat exchanger device caused by flying sand and stones; or to stay on the slide rail on the shady side of the tower for braking; to prevent direct solar radiation from irradiating the heat exchanger device and prematurely aging the anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the heat exchanger device; or to move the heat exchanger device to the leeward side of the tower according to the prevailing wind direction of the wind farm for braking.

[0174] In some embodiments, the heat exchanger device is equipped with an image sensor for monitoring whether there are trees, stones, or other obstructions above the slide rail that could impede the movement of the heat exchanger device, and transmits image information to the controller. The heat exchanger device is also equipped with a clearing device along the slide rail and near its upper surface to push away any foreign objects covering the track.

[0175] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a radiator device with a sliding rail, and a field-coordinated movement and orientation control method for enhancing heat dissipation through solar radiation and upwind airflow. It also shows a schematic diagram of the active airflow-facing and windward coordinated rotation mechanism of the heat exchanger body 21 (heat exchange core) on the air inlet side of the heat exchanger 20 on the sliding rail. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a field-coordinated movement and orientation control method for a heat exchanger with suspended rails, which enhances heat dissipation through solar radiation and upwind airflow. (This is for...) Figure 7 The following explanation is provided: The heat exchanger with suspended sliding rails is controlled by a field-coordinated movement orientation method that enhances heat dissipation through solar radiation and upwind airflow. It is no longer limited by unfavorable factors on the external ground around the tower, such as vegetation, lint, and flying sand and stones blocking the fin gaps on the outer surface of the radiator, flooding, and the large roughness of the ground airflow boundary layer caused by ground vegetation, which impedes the airflow velocity and reduces the heat dissipation rate of the outer surface of the radiator.

[0176] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0177] This application also provides an electronic device, which includes:

[0178] At least one processor; and,

[0179] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enable the at least one processor to perform a control method for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0180] This application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute a control method for a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure according to the foregoing method embodiments.

[0181] This application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computing program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. The computer program includes program instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the control method for the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0182] The following is for reference. Figure 10 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing the electronic device 200 of the embodiments of this application. The electronic device 200 in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (personal digital assistants), PADs (tablet computers), PMPs (portable multimedia players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 10 The electronic device 200 shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0183] like Figure 10 As shown, electronic device 200 may include a processing device (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.) 201, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in read-only memory (ROM) 202 or a program loaded from storage device 208 into random access memory (RAM) 203. RAM 203 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 200. The processing device 201, ROM 202, and RAM 203 are interconnected via bus 204. Input / output (I / O) interface 205 is also connected to bus 204.

[0184] Typically, the following devices can be connected to I / O interface 205: input devices 206 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keys, mice, image sensors, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 207 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 208 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 209. Communication device 209 allows electronic device 200 to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although an electronic device 200 with various devices is shown in the figure, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all the devices shown. More or fewer devices may be implemented or possessed alternatively.

[0185] In particular, according to embodiments of this disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication device 209, or installed from storage device 208, or installed from ROM 202. When the computer program is executed by processing device 201, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of this application.

[0186] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium described in this disclosure can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. The computer-readable signal medium can be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical fibers, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof. The aforementioned computer-readable medium can be included in the aforementioned electronic device; or it can exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device.

[0187] The aforementioned computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to:

[0188] The current position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure is obtained from the position sensor;

[0189] The ambient temperature surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure is obtained from a temperature sensor;

[0190] Obtain the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow from the wind vane and anemometer;

[0191] The target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails around the exterior of the enclosure structure is determined based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow.

[0192] A control command is sent to the drive device to control the drive device to move the heat exchanger from its current position when the control command is issued to the target position, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than that of the heat exchanger surface at the current position.

[0193] Computer program code for performing the operations of this disclosure can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0194] Alternative embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for controlling a movable heat exchanger of an enclosure structure, the heat exchanger being movably mounted on the periphery of the enclosure structure via an air cushion rail system, the method being executed by a controller or control system in the air cushion rail system, comprising the following steps:

[0195] The current position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure is obtained from the position sensor;

[0196] The ambient temperature surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure is obtained from a temperature sensor;

[0197] The wind speed and direction of the airflow upwind are obtained from the wind direction and wind speed sensor;

[0198] The target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails around the exterior of the enclosure structure is determined based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow.

[0199] A control command is sent to the drive device in the air cushion slide system to control the drive device to move the heat exchanger from the current position when the control command is issued to the target position, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the current position.

[0200] In an alternative, manually operated embodiment, the drive unit and the last step of the method described above can be omitted.

[0201] The other control steps of the control method in this alternative embodiment are essentially the same as those in the foregoing method embodiments, and therefore will not be described again.

[0202] Air cushion slides are an advanced transportation and industrial handling technology that uses air bearings (or air cushions) to reduce friction and achieve virtually frictionless sliding motion.

[0203] In this embodiment, the main components of the air cushion slide system include:

[0204] The air cushion device comprises a series of precision-designed air bearings that uniformly eject high-pressure air through multiple small holes to form a stable air cushion.

[0205] The track, made of high-strength materials, can withstand high loads and ensure smooth sliding motion. The track surface can be specially treated to enhance its wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0206] The control system regulates air pressure and flow to ensure the stability and effectiveness of the air cushion. The control system can be manual or automated, depending on the application requirements.

[0207] The carrier platform is a mobile platform that carries objects. It is closely integrated with the air cushion device to ensure the smooth sliding of the carrier (movable heat exchanger) on the track.

[0208] In this embodiment, the air cushion slide system operates on the principle of aerodynamics, using high-pressure air to form a thin air film between the carrier and the track. This air film significantly reduces friction, allowing the carrier to slide smoothly and efficiently on the track.

[0209] Specifically, high-pressure air is uniformly ejected through small holes in the air cushion device. The air forms a stable air film between the carrier and the track, slightly lifting the carrier. This allows for sliding motion; due to the presence of the air cushion, the friction between the carrier (the movable heat exchanger) and the track is almost zero, enabling the carrier to slide smoothly on the track. In this application, the movable heat exchanger no longer requires a wheeled sliding fixing device.

[0210] The presence of air cushions significantly reduces friction, minimizing wear and energy consumption. Air cushion slide systems offer high-precision positioning and motion control, making them suitable for applications requiring high-precision operation. Air cushion slides can withstand heavy loads, making them ideal for handling and transporting heavy equipment. Due to the low friction, they also generate relatively low noise during operation, making them suitable for noise-sensitive environments.

[0211] For light loads or short-distance movement, air cushion rails can be manually driven. Because the air cushion significantly reduces friction, even manual operation allows for relatively easy movement of the carrier (movable heat exchanger). In certain emergencies or during maintenance, the carrier can be manually moved for inspection or repair. In applications requiring high-efficiency automation, long-distance movement, or heavy loads, air cushion rail systems require a drive unit. The selection of the drive unit for air cushion rails depends on specific application requirements, such as load weight, travel distance, accuracy requirements, and operating environment. Drive units can include electric, pneumatic, hydraulic, and mechanical drives.

[0212] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this disclosure. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0213] The units described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the units are not necessarily limiting in certain circumstances. It should be understood that various parts of this disclosure can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof.

[0214] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control method for a movable heat exchanger in an enclosure structure, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is movably mounted on the periphery of the enclosure structure via a drive device and a slide rail. The drive device is connected to a controller, and the method is executed by the controller, including the following steps: The current position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure is obtained from the position sensor; The ambient temperature surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure is obtained from a temperature sensor; The wind speed and direction of the airflow upwind are obtained from the wind direction and wind speed sensor; The target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails around the exterior of the enclosure structure is determined based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow. A control command is sent to the drive device to control the drive device to move the heat exchanger from the current position when the control command is issued to the target position, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the current position. The heat exchanger includes: a movable heat exchanger body; and a wheeled sliding fixing device for movably supporting or suspending the heat exchanger body on the slide rail; the driving device includes: a first driving motor for driving the wheeled sliding fixing device to move along the slide rail; The enclosure structure includes: the tower of the wind power generation equipment, the outer wall of the mobile power station, the shell of the transport equipment, and the outer wall of the building enclosure structure; The wheeled sliding fixing device includes: The four-wheel support device includes: a support platform frame, two wheels connected by a first wheel axle, two wheels connected by a second wheel axle, and a rotating shaft for supporting the heat exchanger body to rotate within a 360-degree range; one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger body, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support platform frame of the four-wheel support device; the first wheel axle and the second wheel axle are mounted on the support platform frame; The first drive motor is used to drive the first and second wheel axles of the four-wheel support device to rotate, thereby driving the four wheels of the four-wheel support device to roll on the slide rail.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The slide rail used to support or suspend the heat exchanger is calibrated and verified in 360 degrees to obtain the first calibration result. The wind direction and wind speed sensor is calibrated and calibrated in 360 degrees to obtain the second calibration result; The first calibration result and the second calibration result are subjected to a unified consistency processing to obtain a unified consistency processing result; The result of the unification process is stored in the storage unit within the controller.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the slide rail includes: circular, elliptical, or polygonal; The slide rail can be made of either metal or non-metal. The slide rail is installed on the outer surface of the foundation around the tower, or above the height of the tower door, or on the outer periphery of the tower below the nacelle.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow specifically includes: When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is lower than the first threshold below zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower and brake the heat exchanger. When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is lower than the second threshold below zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the leeward side of the tower, and the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working and to brake the heat exchanger; the second threshold below zero is less than the first threshold below zero. When the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is higher than the third threshold above zero, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the shaded side of the tower, and the heat exchanger is controlled to stop working and brake; the third threshold above zero is greater than the absolute value of the second threshold below zero.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow specifically includes: In winter, when the ambient temperature around the outside of the tower is higher than the first threshold below zero but lower than 0 degrees, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger along the slide rail until the heat exchanger faces the upwind airflow. The heat exchange fins of the heat exchanger directly face the upwind airflow. The fan inside the heat exchanger is aligned with the wind direction and accelerates the upwind airflow into the heat exchanger, so that the fan's airflow direction is consistent and coordinated with the flow field of the upwind airflow. Control the heat exchanger to move to one of two target positions. The two target positions are: the projection position on the slide rail of the position where the upward airflow hits the tower wall and moves clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall at a 90-degree angle. The two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow specifically includes: During the summer hours, between 10:00 and 18:00, control the first drive motor to move the heat exchanger to the slide rail corresponding to the shaded side of the tower. During the rainy season in summer, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to the slide rail corresponding to the leeward side of the tower. Between 6 PM on the same day and 10 AM the following day in summer, the first drive motor is controlled to move the heat exchanger to one of two target positions. The two target positions are: the projection position on the slide rail at a 90-degree angle clockwise or counterclockwise along the circumference of the tower wall, starting from the stagnation point where the wind-driven airflow hits the tower wall. The two target positions are 180 degrees symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the slide rail or the tower.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The driving device further includes: a second drive motor for driving the rotating shaft to rotate within a 360-degree range; the heat exchanger body is equipped with a fan for forcing external airflow across the heat exchanger surface; the fan shaft is driven by a third drive motor; the wind direction and speed sensor is a wind vane anemometer; and the method further includes: When using an induced draft heat exchanger, the second drive motor is controlled according to the wind direction and wind speed data from the wind vane anemometer so that the air inlet gap of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body is facing the airflow upwind of the tower. When using an exhaust structure heat exchanger, the exposed surface of the heat exchange core of the heat exchanger body is controlled to face downwind, and the third drive motor and fan of the fan are driven to face upwind airflow. The aforementioned air-induced heat exchanger refers to a heat exchanger core facing the upwind airflow, with a fan acting as an air-induced draft downstream of the heat exchanger. The exhaust structure heat exchanger refers to a fan that serves as an exhaust fan located upstream of the heat exchanger core. The incoming airflow first passes through the fan, which serves as an exhaust fan, and is accelerated by blowing air towards the heat exchanger core before entering the air-facing gap of the heat exchanger core.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enclosure structure includes the tower of a wind power generation device, and the method further includes: The solar radiation equivalent temperature is obtained from the meteorological data of the current wind farm area; or, the solar radiation equivalent temperature at the location of the tower is calculated from the radiation intensity measured by the total radiation meter installed at the wind farm itself. The combined temperature of the outer perimeter of the tower is obtained by adding the equivalent temperature of solar radiation at the location of the tower to the temperature of the air flow upwind at the location of the tower. Based on the wind direction and speed data from the wind vane anemometer, the temperature of the upwind airflow sensed by the temperature sensor, and the combined temperature of the tower periphery, the cooling capacity of the upwind airflow on the cooling medium inside the heat exchanger is calculated based on Newton's law of cooling and the fourth power law of thermal radiation. Based on the cooling capacity of the upwind airflow on the cooling medium inside the heat exchanger, determine whether to move the heat exchanger to a slide rail position on the shaded side of the tower from solar radiation.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The image sensor monitors whether there are any obstacles above the slide rail that hinder the movement of the heat exchanger, and obtains image information of the obstacles above the slide rail. An instruction to clear the obstacle is generated based on the obstacle image information and sent to a removal device located above the slide rail, so as to control the removal device to remove the obstacle on the slide rail according to the instruction to clear the obstacle.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor. The processor executes the control method for the movable heat exchanger of the enclosure structure according to any one of claims 1-9.

11. A control method for a movable heat exchanger in an enclosure structure, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is movably mounted on the periphery of the enclosure structure via an air cushion slide rail system, and the method is executed by a controller in the air cushion slide rail system, comprising the following steps: The current position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails surrounding the exterior of the enclosure is obtained from the position sensor; The ambient temperature surrounding the exterior of the enclosure structure is obtained from a temperature sensor; The wind speed and direction of the airflow upwind are obtained from the wind direction and wind speed sensor; The target position of the heat exchanger on the slide rails around the exterior of the enclosure structure is determined based on at least one of the current position of the heat exchanger, the ambient temperature, and the wind speed and direction of the upwind airflow. A control command is sent to the drive device in the air cushion slide system to control the drive device to move the heat exchanger from the current position when the control command is issued to the target position, wherein the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the target position is higher than the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger surface at the current position.

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