A construction device for structural drop plate hanging formwork
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410783910.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-09-11
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-06-18
AI Technical Summary
[0004]常见的吊模模板主要由木方、角钢和方管三种材质组成，通过内支撑件将其组合成降板的所需形状，无论那种材质进行施工，在后续拆模过程中，均采用撬杠拆除的方式，而降板高度差有超过10公分，甚至20公分，在面对较大高度差的降板施工中，由于模板与混凝土的单面接触面积大，二者之间的附着力大，在进行拆模作业中，易造成降板棱角破损的情况，降板的整体成型不够方正，另外在较大高度差的降板施工中，传统内支撑稳定性较弱，受降板外侧混凝土挤压，易发生涨模，混凝土成型后不平整等问题
本发明提供一种结构降板吊模施工装，本发明设置有支撑部等构件，将模板以单元的形式固定连接在每个标准节上，在支模时可通过支撑部快速将各个标准节调节至水平位置，实现模板的快速安装与支护，在降板砼达到干燥强度进行拆模时，可通过多个方向对单个模板进行脱模作业，脱模的效果高，且不会造成降板棱角的破坏，同时降板单边有多个模板组合而成，单个模板的对应长度缩小，进行脱模作业时，单个模板所受的应力减小，模板在施工使用过程中不易损坏。
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a structural slab lowering and formwork construction device. Background Technology
[0002] Structural drop slabs generally refer to partially raised or lowered slabs in building construction. These slabs are primarily used in rooms with water, such as bathrooms, toilets, and kitchens. Typically, the drainage pipes for the bathrooms on the current floor would protrude through the ceiling of the floor below, which is inconvenient for decoration and unsightly. The purpose of a structural drop slab is to create space for laying drainage pipes. Water accumulated at the drop slab location is drained into the riser pipe through a drain outlet. This achieves both same-floor drainage and aesthetic appeal.
[0003] Structural slab drop construction generally adopts the method of suspended formwork, also known as hanging formwork. It is generally used in parts with height differences, such as raised beams. The most obvious difference from other formwork construction is that the bottom is unsupported or fixed and supported in a special way. It generally bears lateral loads and maintains its stability, so that the horizontality and verticality of the concrete component meet the requirements.
[0004] Common suspended formwork is mainly composed of three materials: timber, angle steel, and square tubing. These are assembled into the required shape of the lowered slab using internal supports. Regardless of the material used, pry bars are used for dismantling during the subsequent formwork removal process. However, the height difference of the lowered slab can exceed 10 cm, or even 20 cm. When constructing with lowered slabs with significant height differences, the large single-sided contact area between the formwork and the concrete results in strong adhesion between them. This can easily cause damage to the edges and corners of the lowered slab during dismantling, resulting in an uneven overall shape. Furthermore, traditional internal supports are less stable in construction with significant height differences. They are prone to bulging due to pressure from the concrete on the outside of the lowered slab, leading to unevenness in the concrete after molding.
[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new structural slab lowering formwork construction device and its monitoring method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a structural slab lowering formwork construction device.
[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a structural slab formwork construction device, including a template, the cross section of the template is a right trapezoid, two templates with right angle surfaces abutting together form a side support area, a single structural slab concrete pouring area is composed of four of the side support areas, and the templates in adjacent side support areas abut each other with inclined surfaces, any template is equipped with a fixing plate, and an inner lining rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each fixing plate, and a support part is installed at the end of the inner lining rod; The support includes a positioning block located at the center of the concrete pouring area of the structural drop slab. A triangular support frame is installed at the bottom of the positioning block, and a positioning tube is welded to the bottom of the triangular support frame. Supporting steel bars are inserted into the positioning tube and are embedded in the concrete. A lead screw is rotatably installed in the center of the positioning block. A movable sleeve is fitted with the threaded area of the lead screw. A guide rail is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the positioning block. The guide rail passes through the positioning block, and the top area of the lead screw is inserted into the top center of the guide rail. A shaft is hinged at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the positioning block. A standard section is rotatably installed at the end of each shaft. Multiple standard sections are distributed in an equal angle matrix with the center line of the positioning block as the axis. A hinge shaft is rotatably installed in the gap between two adjacent standard sections where no shaft is installed. A drive arm is hinged at the top center of the end of the hinge shaft, and the end of the drive arm is hinged to the outer wall of the movable sleeve. A positioning strip is welded to the inner wall of any standard section, and the positioning strip is parallel to the template on one side of it. The positioning strip is connected to the end of the inner lining rod by bolts.
[0008] Preferably, the upper end face of the template is flush with the center line of the shaft, and the inclined surface of the template coincides with the vertical plane where the center line of the shaft is located.
[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the guide rail frame is welded with a limit block, and when the movable sleeve is located at the upper end face of the limit block, the standard sections at each position are in a horizontal state.
[0010] Preferably, a drive handwheel is installed on the top of the lead screw, and the radius of the drive handwheel is 15-20cm.
[0011] Preferably, the inner lining rod is a telescopic connecting rod, and the connection method is a threaded connection. Multiple templates are provided, and the dimensions of each template are different.
[0012] Preferably, a limiting ring is welded to the outer wall of the positioning tube, a limiting sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting ring, a protrusion is welded to the lower position of the inner wall of the limiting sleeve, and the outer wall of the protrusion is wrapped with a silicone sleeve. A swing plate is hinged at an equal angle along the circumference at the bottom of the positioning tube, a triangular block is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the swing plate, and a locking block is installed on the inner wall of the swing plate.
[0013] Preferably, a groove is provided at the center of the bottom of the lead screw, a nut block is embedded at the bottom edge of the groove, a threaded rod is installed on the inner side of the nut block by thread engagement, the bottom of the threaded rod passes through the positioning block, a fixing plate is welded to the outer wall of the limiting sleeve, and the top of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded rod.
[0014] Preferably, both the swing plate and the triangular block are components made of metal.
[0015] Compared with related technologies, the structural slab lowering and formwork hoisting construction device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a structural slab formwork construction device. The device includes supporting components that fix the formwork unit to each standard section. During formwork erection, the supporting components can quickly adjust each standard section to a horizontal position, enabling rapid installation and support of the formwork. When the slab concrete reaches its dry strength for demolding, individual formwork can be demolded from multiple directions, resulting in high demolding efficiency without damaging the edges of the slab. Furthermore, since each side of the slab is composed of multiple formwork units, the corresponding length of each individual formwork is reduced, decreasing the stress on each formwork during demolding and making it less prone to damage during construction.
[0016] This invention provides a structural slab lowering formwork construction device, which includes components such as limit sleeves. This invention uses limit sleeves and other components to lock the position of the support part, ensuring that the position of the formwork at each location will not change during the pouring of concrete for the lowered slab, thus effectively improving the construction quality of the lowered slab. At the same time, the locking process of the support part position is performed synchronously with the horizontal position adjustment process of the standard section, which effectively increases the construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention during construction; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of region C in the middle; The following are the labeling elements in the diagram: 1. Template, 2. Fixing plate, 3. Lining rod, 4. Support part, 5. Supporting steel bar, 41. Positioning block, 42. Triangular support frame, 43. Positioning tube, 44. Screw, 45. Guide rail frame, 46. Movable sleeve, 47. Shaft, 48. Standard section, 49. Hinge shaft, 40. Drive arm, 481. Positioning strip, 451. Limiting block, 441. Drive handwheel, 442. Groove, 443. Nut block, 444. Threaded rod, 445. Fixing disc, 431. Limiting ring, 432. Limiting sleeve, 433. Protrusion, 434. Swing plate, 435. Locking block, 436. Triangular block. Detailed Implementation
[0018] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
[0019] Furthermore, the terms used below are defined based on the functionality of this invention and may vary depending on the user's, operator's, or conventions. Therefore, these terms are defined based on the entire contents of this specification.
[0020] Please see Figures 1-6 The present invention discloses a structural slab formwork construction device, comprising a template 1, wherein the cross section of the template 1 is a right trapezoid, and two templates 1 are combined to form a side support area by the right angle surfaces touching. The concrete pouring area of a single structural slab is composed of four side support areas, and the templates 1 in adjacent side support areas are in contact with each other by inclined surfaces. Each template 1 is equipped with a fixing plate 2, which is fixed to the template 1 by bolts. The two are detachable, and an inner lining rod 3 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each fixing plate 2. Furthermore, the inner lining rod 3 is a telescopic connecting rod, and the connection method is a threaded connection. The length of the inner lining rod 3 can be adjusted by rotating the threaded connection. Multiple templates 1 are provided, and the sizes of each template are different. In actual use, the template 1 of the corresponding size should be selected according to the size of the concrete pouring area of a single structural drop slab. The end of the inner lining rod 3 is equipped with a support part 4, which supports the inner side of the template 1 at each position to prevent the template 1 from shifting during the concrete pouring process. The support part 4 includes a positioning block 41 located at the center of the concrete pouring area of the structural drop slab. A triangular support frame 42 is installed at the bottom of the positioning block 41. A positioning tube 43 is welded to the bottom of the triangular support frame 42. The positioning tubes 43 are distributed at equal angles relative to the center of the triangular support frame 42, and one of the positioning tubes 43 is parallel to the template 1. A supporting steel bar 5 is inserted into the inside of the positioning tube 43, and the supporting steel bar 5 is embedded in the concrete. The positioning steps for the supporting steel bar 5 relative to the pre-embedded position in the concrete are as follows: The first step is to measure the center point of the concrete pouring area of the structural drop slab and mark it with "O". The second step is to measure the horizontal distance S between the center of the positioning tube 43 and the center of the support part 4. Taking O as the origin, the measurement direction is the vertical direction towards one side wall of the concrete pouring area of the structural drop slab. The point N1 with a distance equal to S is measured. This point is the pre-embedded point of one of the supporting steel bars 5. The third step is to use N1 as the base point and O as the center point, and then rotate 120° and 240° in sequence to determine the points N2 and N3; The above-mentioned N1, N2 and N3 are the three pre-embedded points of the supporting steel bars 5. After the pre-embedded points are determined, the supporting steel bars 5 at each position are placed vertically above the pre-embedded points and the building top slab is longitudinally placed. The supporting steel bars 5 are then welded to the steel cage by electric welding. After the building top is poured, the positions of the supporting steel bars 5 at each position are reinforced a second time. During this process, it is necessary to ensure that the supporting steel bars 5 are exposed at the top, and the exposed area of the supporting steel bars 5 is the insertion area of the positioning tube 43. After the positioning tube 43 at each position is inserted into the supporting steel bar 5, the position of the support part 4 is fixed. A lead screw 44 is rotatably mounted at the center of the positioning block 41. A movable sleeve 46 is fitted onto the threaded area of the lead screw 44. A guide rail frame 45 is fixedly mounted on the upper end face of the positioning block 41, passing through the positioning block 41. The top area of the lead screw 44 is inserted into the top center of the guide rail frame 45. A shaft 47 is hinged at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the positioning block 41. Standard sections 48 are rotatably mounted at the ends of the shafts 47. Multiple standard sections 48 are distributed in an equal-angle matrix around the center line of the positioning block 41. A hinge shaft 49 is rotatably mounted in the gap between adjacent standard sections 48 where the shaft 47 is not installed. A drive arm 40 is hinged at the top center of the end of 49, and the end of the drive arm 40 is hinged to the outer wall of the movable sleeve 46. In specific operation, when the lead screw 44 rotates, it drives the movable sleeve 46 to move vertically along the guide rail frame 45. When the movable sleeve 46 rises, it pulls the drive arm 40. The end of the drive arm 40 drives the standard section 48 to deflect toward the lead screw 44, and drives the adjacent standard section 48 on one side to follow the shaft 47 toward the lead screw 44. At the same time, the two adjacent standard sections 48 deflect synchronously at the hinge position. That is, the standard sections 48 at each position make an "umbrella-shaped" contraction movement toward the lead screw 44 under the drive of the drive arm 40. Furthermore, a drive handwheel 441 is installed on the top of the lead screw 44, which can directly drive the lead screw 44 to rotate by rotating the drive handwheel 441. The radius of the drive handwheel 441 is 15-20cm, ensuring that construction personnel can hold the drive handwheel 441 with both hands to rotate it. A positioning strip 481 is welded to the inner wall of any standard section 48, and the positioning strip 481 is parallel to the template 1 on one side. The positioning strip 481 is connected to the end of the inner lining rod 3 by bolts. The movement trajectory of the positioning strip 481 is the same as the movement trajectory of the standard section 48 connected to it. That is, during construction, the standard sections 48 at each position are adjusted to a horizontal position by driving the handwheel 441. In this state, the end faces of the templates 1 corresponding to each standard section 48 are close to each other, forming a single structural drop slab concrete pouring area. After the pouring is completed and the concrete has cured, the driving handwheel 441 is rotated to drive the movable sleeve 46 to rise. The template 1 at any position is raised under the action of the standard section 48. Figure 2The L1, L2 and L3 directions (i.e. the above-mentioned "umbrella-shaped" contraction movement directions) are separated from the concrete, realizing the rapid demolding of formwork 1. After separation, the internal and external corners of the lowered plate are square and there will be no damage to the edges.
[0021] The upper end face of the template 1 is flush with the center line of the shaft 47, and the inclined surface of the template 1 coincides with the vertical plane where the center line of the shaft 47 is located. That is, when the two connected standard sections 48 deflect, the deflection axis can be regarded as the straight line position where the top of the inclined surface of the two adjacent templates 1 is located, thereby ensuring that the demolding process of the two adjacent templates 1 does not interfere with each other and will not damage the edges of the lowering plate.
[0022] Furthermore, a limiting block 451 is welded to the outer wall of the guide rail frame 45, and when the movable sleeve 46 is located at the upper end face of the limiting block 451, the standard sections 48 at each position are in a horizontal state. The displacement distance of the movable sleeve 46 is limited by the limiting block 451. That is, when the drive handwheel 441 is rotated to drive the movable sleeve 46 to descend, when the drive handwheel 441 cannot be rotated, the standard sections 48 at each position are in a horizontal state.
[0023] In another embodiment, see Figures 4-6 The positioning tube 43 has a limiting ring 431 welded to its outer wall. A limiting sleeve 432 is fitted onto the outer wall of the limiting ring 431. A protrusion 433 is welded to the lower part of the inner wall of the limiting sleeve 432, and the outer wall of the protrusion 433 is covered with a silicone sleeve. A swing plate 434 is hinged at an equal angle along the circumference of the bottom of the positioning tube 43. A triangular block 436 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the swing plate 434, and a locking block 435 is installed on the inner wall of the swing plate 434. After the positioning tube 43 is inserted to the outside of the supporting steel bar 5, the limiting sleeve 432 can be moved to rise along the limiting ring 431. After the limiting sleeve 432 rises to a certain distance, it drives the protrusion 432. 3. Slide along the inclined surface of the triangular block 436 and apply a horizontal squeezing force to the triangular block 436. This squeezing force pushes the connected swing plate 434 to deflect, thereby causing the locking block 435 to abut against the outside of the supporting steel bar 5 through the deflected swing plate 434, thereby locking the position of the positioning tube 43. Therefore, under this condition, the inner diameter of the positioning tube 43 can be larger than the diameter of the supporting steel bar 5, to prevent the supporting steel bar 5 from tilting due to human operation during the positioning welding process, and the positioning tube 43 from being unable to be inserted. It also ensures that the formwork 1 at each position will not shift when the concrete is poured for the lower plate. During the above process, when the protrusion 433 slides along the inclined surface of the triangular block 436, the silicone sleeve wrapped around its outer wall will be compressed and deformed. The friction between the two and the rebound force generated by the compression deformation can lock the position of the limiting sleeve 432.
[0024] In another embodiment, see Figures 4-6The lead screw 44 has a groove 442 at its center at the bottom. A nut block 443 is embedded at the bottom edge of the groove 442. A threaded rod 444 is threadedly installed inside the nut block 443. The bottom of the threaded rod 444 passes through the positioning block 41. A fixing plate 445 is welded to the outer wall of the limiting sleeve 432. The top of the fixing plate 445 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded rod 444. In operation, the rotation of the lead screw 44 synchronously drives the nut block 443 to rotate synchronously (the direction of rotation is consistent with the direction in which the lead screw 44 drives the standard sections 48 at each position to adjust to the horizontal position). The rotating nut block 443 and the threaded rod 444 mesh with each other. Under the action of the threaded engagement, the threaded rod 444 rises. The rise of the threaded rod 444 drives the fixed plate 445 to rise. The rising fixed plate 445 then drives the limiting sleeve 432 to move vertically upward, realizing the rapid locking of the position of the positioning tube 43. In this embodiment, there is no need to move the limiting sleeve 432 separately. The movement of the limiting sleeve 432 is synchronized with the adjustment of the horizontal position of the standard section 48 by the screw 44, and the locking is completed when the standard section 48 is in the horizontal position, which effectively increases the construction efficiency. When demolding template 1, since the swing plate 434 and the triangular block 436 are both made of metal, after the limiting sleeve 432 descends vertically, the swing plate 434 and the triangular block 436 will deflect to their initial positions under their own gravity.
[0025] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A structural slab lowering and formwork hoisting construction device, characterized in that, include: Template (1), the cross section of the template (1) is a right trapezoid, the right angle surfaces of two templates (1) abut together to form a side support area, the concrete pouring area of a single structural drop plate is composed of four side support areas, and the inclined surfaces of the templates (1) in adjacent side support areas abut together, any template (1) is equipped with a fixing plate (2), and the outer wall of each fixing plate (2) is fixedly connected with an inner lining rod (3), and the end of the inner lining rod (3) is equipped with a support part (4); The support part (4) includes a positioning block (41) located at the center of the concrete pouring area of the structural drop slab. A triangular support frame (42) is installed at the bottom of the positioning block (41). A positioning tube (43) is welded to the bottom of the triangular support frame (42). A supporting steel bar (5) is inserted into the positioning tube (43), and the supporting steel bar (5) is embedded in the concrete. A lead screw (44) is rotatably installed in the center of the positioning block (41). A movable sleeve (46) is installed in the threaded area of the lead screw (44). A guide rail frame (45) is fixedly installed on the upper end face of the positioning block (41). The guide rail frame (45) passes through the positioning block (41), and the top area of the lead screw (44) is inserted into the top center of the guide rail frame (45). A shaft (47) is hinged at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the outer wall of the positioning block (41). A standard section (48) is rotatably installed at the end of each shaft (47). Multiple standard sections (48) are distributed in an equal angle matrix with the center line of the positioning block (41) as the axis. A hinge shaft (49) is rotatably installed in the gap between adjacent standard sections (48) where the shaft (47) is not installed. A drive arm (40) is hinged at the top center of the end of the hinge shaft (49), and the end of the drive arm (40) is hinged to the outer wall of the movable sleeve (46). A positioning strip (481) is welded to the inner wall of any standard section (48), and the positioning strip (481) is parallel to the template (1) on one side. The positioning strip (481) is connected to the end of the inner lining rod (3) by bolts. The outer wall of the positioning tube (43) is welded with a limiting ring (431), and a limiting sleeve (432) is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting ring (431). A protrusion (433) is welded to the lower position of the inner wall of the limiting sleeve (432), and the outer wall of the protrusion (433) is wrapped with a silicone sleeve. A swing plate (434) is hinged at an equal angle along the circumference at the bottom of the positioning tube (43). A triangular block (436) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the swing plate (434), and a locking block (435) is installed on the inner wall of the swing plate (434). The bottom of the lead screw (44) has a groove (442) at the center. A nut block (443) is embedded at the bottom edge of the groove (442). A threaded rod (444) is installed inside the nut block (443) by threaded engagement. The bottom of the threaded rod (444) passes through the positioning block (41). A fixing plate (445) is welded to the outer wall of the limiting sleeve (432). The top of the fixing plate (445) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded rod (444).
2. The structural slab lowering and formwork hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end face of the template (1) is flush with the center line of the shaft (47), and the inclined surface of the template (1) coincides with the vertical plane where the center line of the shaft (47) is located.
3. The structural slab lowering and formwork hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide rail frame (45) has a limit block (451) welded to its outer wall, and when the movable sleeve (46) is located on the upper end face of the limit block (451), the standard sections (48) at each position are in a horizontal state.
4. The structural slab lowering and formwork hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the lead screw (44) is equipped with a drive handwheel (441), and the radius of the drive handwheel (441) is 15-20cm.
5. The structural slab lowering and formwork hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner lining rod (3) is a telescopic connecting rod, and the connection method is threaded connection. The template (1) is equipped with multiple templates, and the dimensions of each template are different.
6. The structural slab lowering and formwork hoisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing plate (434) and the triangular block (436) are both made of metal.
Citation Information
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