A multi-source solid waste high-value processing system and method based on a coal-fired power plant

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of high-value utilization of multi-source solid waste, and discloses a multi-source solid waste high-value processing system and method based on a coal-fired power plant. The system comprises a feeding system, a shredder system, a pyrolysis furnace, a boiler system and a pyrolysis product separation system. The shredder system and the pyrolysis furnace are each provided with a material inlet, a material outlet, a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet. The material inlet of the shredder system is connected with the feeding system through a first material conveying mechanism. The material outlet of the shredder system is connected with the material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace through a second material conveying mechanism. The flue gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected with the economizer outlet of the boiler system. The flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected with the flue gas inlet of the shredder system. The material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected with the pyrolysis product separation system through a third material conveying mechanism. The present application can utilize the existing coal-fired boiler to perform high-value resource utilization and harmless disposal of wind power blade and lithium battery solid waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of high-value utilization technology of multi-source solid waste, and relates to a multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system and method based on coal-fired power plants. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy power generation and new energy vehicle industries, the high-efficiency development inevitably brings the problem of difficult recycling and disposal of wind turbine blades and lithium batteries. As wind turbine blades are phased out, more and more wind power equipment facing retirement is encountering the challenges of high disposal costs and difficulties. Most wind turbine blades are composed of thermosetting composite materials, primarily polymers and glass or carbon fibers of varying lengths, manufactured using vacuum injection molding processes. These materials are often difficult to degrade after their service life, and if not properly recycled, they may have long-term environmental impacts. The widespread use of lithium batteries has also brought a serious problem—the disposal and recycling of used lithium batteries. Because lithium batteries contain many valuable metal elements, such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel, as well as toxic substances that may harm the environment and human health, such as heavy metals and electrolytes, effective recycling and disposal of used lithium batteries not only contributes to resource recycling but also reduces the risk of environmental pollution. Under the dual-carbon development goals, reducing solid waste pollution and utilizing solid waste resources aligns with the sustainable development strategy.

[0003] The recycling of wind turbine blades faces two main challenges: first, the large size and weight of the blades make transportation and storage difficult; second, the multi-layered structure of composite materials and the complex manufacturing process complicate recycling. Existing treatment technologies mainly include landfill, pyrolysis, and chemical treatment, but all have certain limitations.

[0004] Lithium-ion battery recycling technologies mainly fall into two categories: physical recycling and chemical recycling. Physical recycling primarily uses physical methods such as crushing and sorting to separate valuable metals and plastic components from lithium-ion batteries. This method is simple to operate, but its recycling efficiency is relatively low, and it requires high precision in crushing and sorting of used batteries. Chemical recycling, on the other hand, uses chemical methods such as dissolution, precipitation, and extraction to extract metal elements from lithium-ion batteries. This method has high recycling efficiency, but it is complex to operate and may generate secondary pollution.

[0005] The main challenges facing lithium battery recycling include: the difficulty of collecting and processing used batteries, the high cost of recycling technology, and stringent environmental requirements. Furthermore, the wide variety of lithium batteries with significant differences in composition and structure also poses considerable difficulties for recycling. Therefore, developing efficient, environmentally friendly, and low-cost lithium battery recycling technologies is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0006] The development of recycling technology for wind turbine blades and lithium batteries is of great significance for resource recycling and environmental protection. Therefore, how to provide a way to make high-value utilization of lithium batteries and wind turbine blades is an urgent problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-value treatment system and method for multi-source solid waste from coal-fired power plants. This invention can utilize existing coal-fired boilers to carry out high-value resource utilization and harmless disposal of solid waste from wind turbine blades and lithium batteries.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A high-value treatment system for multi-source solid waste from a coal-fired power plant includes a feeding system, a shredder system, a pyrolysis furnace, a boiler system, and a pyrolysis product separation system. Both the shredder system and the pyrolysis furnace are equipped with a material inlet, a material outlet, a flue gas inlet, and a flue gas outlet. The material inlet of the shredder system is connected to the feeding system via a first conveying mechanism. The material outlet of the shredder system is connected to the material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace via a second conveying mechanism. The flue gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the economizer outlet of the boiler system. The flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the flue gas inlet of the shredder system. The material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the pyrolysis product separation system via a third conveying mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace includes a furnace body, with the material inlet and flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace located at the top of the furnace body, and the flue gas inlet and material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace located at the bottom of the furnace body. The inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with a vibrating screen structure, which is located between the flue gas inlet and flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace.

[0011] Preferably, the material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace is equipped with a discharge valve, and the flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is equipped with an on / off valve.

[0012] Preferably, the flue gas outlet of the shredder system is connected to the environmental protection island via an induced draft fan.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding system includes a storage bin, a lithium battery material conveying device, and a blade pre-cutting system. The discharge port of the storage bin is connected to the material inlet of the shredder system through a first conveying mechanism. The discharge ends of the lithium battery material conveying device and the blade pre-cutting system are both connected to the inlet of the storage bin.

[0014] Preferably, the pyrolysis product separation system includes a crushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, a grinding mill, a cyclone separator, and a gravity separation system. The feed inlet of the crushing mechanism is connected to the material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace through a third conveying mechanism. The discharge outlet of the crushing mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the screening mechanism. The undersize outlet of the screening mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the grinding mill. The discharge outlet of the grinding mill is connected to the feed inlet of the cyclone separator. A carrier gas source is connected to the pipeline connecting the discharge outlet of the grinding mill and the feed inlet of the cyclone separator. The overflow outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the feed inlet of the gravity separation system.

[0015] Preferably, the outlet of the screening mechanism is connected to the inlet of the third conveying mechanism or to the inlet of the crushing mechanism.

[0016] Preferably, the cyclone separation mechanism includes a primary cyclone separator and a secondary cyclone separator. The discharge port of the grinder is connected to the inlet of the primary cyclone separator, the bottom outlet of the primary cyclone separator is connected to the inlet of the screening mechanism, the overflow outlet of the primary cyclone separator is connected to the inlet of the secondary cyclone separator, and the overflow outlet of the secondary cyclone separator is connected to the inlet of the gravity separation system.

[0017] This invention also provides a method for high-value treatment of multi-source solid waste from coal-fired power plants. This method employs the multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system for coal-fired power plants described above, and includes the following steps:

[0018] The flue gas from the economizer outlet of the boiler system is fed into the pyrolysis furnace through the flue gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace, and the flue gas from the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is fed into the shredder system through the flue gas inlet of the shredder system. The flue gas fed from the pyrolysis furnace into the shredder system serves as the inert medium of the shredder system.

[0019] Solid waste in the feeding system is fed into the shredder system for processing via the first conveying mechanism. After being processed by the shredder system, the solid waste is fed into the pyrolysis furnace via the second conveying mechanism for pyrolysis. In the pyrolysis furnace, the flue gas from the economizer outlet of the boiler system is used to pyrolyze the solid waste. After being pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace, the solid waste is transported to the pyrolysis product separation system via the third conveying mechanism for product separation.

[0020] The solid waste includes lithium batteries and / or pre-cut wind turbine blades.

[0021] Preferably, the pyrolysis product separation system includes a crushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, a grinding mill, a cyclone separator, and a gravity separation system. The feed inlet of the crushing mechanism is connected to the material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace through a third conveying mechanism. The discharge outlet of the crushing mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the screening mechanism. The undersize outlet of the screening mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the grinding mill. The discharge outlet of the grinding mill is connected to the feed inlet of the cyclone separator. A carrier gas source is connected to the pipeline connecting the discharge outlet of the grinding mill and the feed inlet of the cyclone separator. The overflow outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the feed inlet of the gravity separation system.

[0022] The process of separating solid waste after pyrolysis in a pyrolysis furnace through a pyrolysis product separation system includes:

[0023] Solid waste is crushed by a crushing mechanism. The crushed material is then sent to a screening mechanism for screening. The undersize material is sent to a grinding mill for grinding. The ground material is then transported to a cyclone separator by a carrier gas source. The overflow particles from the overflow outlet of the cyclone separator are sent to a gravity separation system for further separation.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] This invention relates to a multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on coal-fired power plants. The flue gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the economizer outlet of the boiler system. Therefore, the pyrolysis furnace can utilize the high-temperature flue gas generated by the boiler system to pyrolyze the solid waste. During pyrolysis in the furnace, for lithium batteries, the surface binder can be removed, facilitating separation by the subsequent pyrolysis product separation system. For wind turbine blade main beams and coverings, continuous glass fibers can be obtained. The flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace is connected to the flue gas inlet of the shredder system. Therefore, the flue gas generated after pyrolysis of solid waste in the pyrolysis furnace can serve as an inert atmosphere for protecting the solid waste in the shredder system. By setting up a pyrolysis product separation system, this invention can further separate the pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis furnace, ultimately achieving high-value resource utilization of the solid waste. As can be seen from the above scheme, the overall system structure of this invention is relatively simple, overcomes the lithium battery discharge problem and improves the flame retardant effect, enhances the high-value-added treatment capacity of multi-source solid waste, and achieves harmless treatment of solid waste without water resource loss or secondary pollutant generation throughout the process. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on a coal-fired power plant according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pyrolysis furnace used in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibrating screen used in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Among them, 1 is the lithium battery inlet conveyor belt, 2 is the wind turbine blade inlet, 3 is the blade pre-cutting system, 4 is the storage bin, 5 is the first screw conveyor, 6 is the shredder system, 7 is the second screw conveyor, 8 is the pyrolysis furnace, 81 is the star-shaped discharge valve, 82 is the material inlet, 83 is the cam opening and closing structure, 84 is the flue gas outlet, 85 is the flue gas inlet, 86 is the material outlet, 87 is the first-stage vibrating screen structure, 871 is the vibrating screen, 88 is the second-stage vibrating screen structure, 89 is the third-stage vibrating screen structure, 9 is the boiler system, 10 is the environmental protection island, 11 is the chimney, 12 is the third screw conveyor, 13 is the toothed roller crusher, 14 is the vibrating screen, 15 is the grinder, 16 is the blower, 17 is the first-stage cyclone separator, 18 is the second-stage cyclone separator, 19 is the gravity separation system, 20 is the first-stage collection hopper, 21 is the second-stage collection hopper, 22 is the third-stage collection hopper, and 23 is the induced draft fan. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion regarding the concepts disclosed in the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The accompanying drawings show structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not drawn to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0032] Reference Figure 1This invention relates to a multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on coal-fired power plants, comprising a feeding system, a shredder system 6, a pyrolysis furnace 8, a boiler system 9, and a pyrolysis product separation system. Both the shredder system 6 and the pyrolysis furnace 8 are provided with a material inlet, a material outlet, a flue gas inlet, and a flue gas outlet. The material inlet of the shredder system 6 is connected to the feeding system via a first conveying mechanism. The material outlet of the shredder system 6 is connected to the material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8 via a second conveying mechanism. The flue gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to the economizer outlet of the boiler system 9. The flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the shredder system 6. The material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to the pyrolysis product separation system via a third conveying mechanism.

[0033] The process of high-value treatment of multi-source solid waste using the above-mentioned processing system of the present invention includes:

[0034] The flue gas from the economizer outlet of boiler system 9 is fed into pyrolysis furnace 8 through the flue gas inlet, and the flue gas from the outlet of pyrolysis furnace 8 is fed into shredder system 6 through the flue gas inlet. The flue gas fed from pyrolysis furnace 8 into shredder system 6 serves as an inert medium for shredder system 6. At this time, both pyrolysis furnace 8 and shredder system 6 are filled with inert flue gas. On the one hand, when solid waste enters shredder system 6, it is in an inert atmosphere, which can prevent ignition and also dry and preheat the solid waste, which is beneficial to the pyrolysis process of pyrolysis furnace 8. On the other hand, the solid waste particles transported from shredder system 6 start the pyrolysis process directly after entering pyrolysis furnace 8, which can improve the efficiency of pyrolysis.

[0035] In the inert flue gas atmosphere of the shredder system 6, solid waste (such as lithium batteries and / or pre-cut wind turbine blades) from the feeding system is fed into the shredder system 6 for processing via the first conveying mechanism. Larger solid waste is processed into relatively smaller sizes, which is beneficial for subsequent pyrolysis. The solid waste processed by the shredder system 6 is fed into the pyrolysis furnace 8 via the second conveying mechanism for pyrolysis. In the pyrolysis furnace 8, the flue gas from the economizer outlet of the boiler system 9 is used to pyrolyze the solid waste. The solid waste after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace is transported to the pyrolysis product separation system via the third conveying mechanism for product separation, thereby realizing the high-value recycling of solid waste.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pyrolysis furnace 8 of the present invention can adopt the following structure: the pyrolysis furnace 8 includes a furnace body, a material inlet 82 and a flue gas outlet 84 of the pyrolysis furnace 8 are disposed at the top of the furnace body, and a flue gas inlet 85 and a material outlet 86 of the pyrolysis furnace 8 are disposed at the bottom of the furnace body. A vibrating screen structure is provided in the inner cavity of the furnace body, and the vibrating screen structure is located between the flue gas inlet 85 and the flue gas outlet 84 of the pyrolysis furnace 8. Solid waste fed into the pyrolysis furnace 8 through the second conveying mechanism falls from the material inlet 82 and comes into contact with the upward-flowing flue gas flowing out of the flue gas inlet 85 during the falling process, thereby realizing the pyrolysis of the solid waste. During the pyrolysis process, the vibrating screen structure can redistribute the solid waste particles entering from the material inlet 82, so that the solid waste particles are evenly distributed on the cross-section of the furnace body of the pyrolysis furnace 8, and the solid waste particles are relatively loosely distributed, which is conducive to sufficient contact with the flue gas and to achieving sufficient pyrolysis.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the present invention can install a discharge valve at the material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8. The discharge valve can be used to control the feeding speed of the pyrolysis furnace 8, and to fully pyrolyze the solid waste particles in the pyrolysis furnace 8. The discharge valve can be a star-shaped discharge valve 81, which can achieve constant speed and periodic feeding. The flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is equipped with an on / off valve. The on / off valve can be used to control the flue gas velocity at the flue gas outlet 84, thereby ensuring the flue gas volume and temperature in the pyrolysis furnace 8, which is beneficial to ensuring the pyrolysis temperature in the pyrolysis furnace 8. The on / off valve can be a cam-type on / off structure 83, which can control the cycle and flow rate of flue gas released from the flue gas outlet 84.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the pyrolysis furnace 8 of the present invention can be equipped with several stages of vibrating screen structures, which are distributed at intervals from top to bottom. This further ensures the complete pyrolysis of solid waste particles. Each stage of the vibrating screen structure must ensure that it can block the solid waste particles to achieve uniform material distribution, but at the same time, it must also ensure that the solid waste particles can pass through smoothly. Therefore, the screen aperture size of the vibrating screen structure must be larger than the size of the solid waste particles shredded by the shredder system. Those skilled in the art can adjust the settings according to specific circumstances, and the present invention does not impose specific limitations.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned scheme, in the pyrolysis furnace 8 of the present invention, a plurality of flue gas inlets 85 are provided, and the plurality of flue gas inlets 85 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the furnace body; a plurality of flue gas outlets 84 are provided, and the plurality of flue gas outlets 84 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the furnace body. This helps to ensure uniform distribution of flue gas within the pyrolysis furnace 8, which is beneficial to the complete pyrolysis of solid waste particles.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the flue gas outlet of the shredder system 6 is connected to the environmental protection island 10 via an induced draft fan 23. This design enables the dust, harmful gases, and inert flue gas generated in the shredder system 6 to be sent to the environmental protection island 10 of the coal-fired power plant via the induced draft fan 23, and finally discharged through the chimney 11.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the feeding system of the present invention includes a storage silo 4, a lithium battery inlet conveying device designed for lithium battery processing, and a blade pre-cutting system designed for wind turbine blades. The discharge port of the storage silo 4 is connected to the material inlet of the shredder system 6 through a first conveying mechanism. The storage silo 4 can provide solid waste raw materials to the shredder system 6. The discharge ends of both the lithium battery inlet conveying device and the blade pre-cutting system are connected to the inlet of the storage silo 4. The lithium battery inlet conveying device can transport waste lithium batteries to the storage silo 4 for temporary storage. The blade pre-cutting system 3 can pre-cut wind turbine blades with relatively large dimensions into smaller sizes that meet the size requirements of the shredder system 6, and then send the wind turbine blades to the storage silo 4 for temporary storage.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the pyrolysis product separation system of the present invention can adopt the following structure: the pyrolysis product separation system includes a crushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, a grinding mill 15, a cyclone separator and a gravity separation system 19. The feed inlet of the crushing mechanism is connected to the material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8 through a third conveying mechanism. The discharge outlet of the crushing mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the screening mechanism. The undersize outlet of the screening mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the grinding mill 15. The discharge outlet of the grinding mill 15 is connected to the feed inlet of the cyclone separator. A carrier gas source is connected to the pipeline connecting the discharge outlet of the grinding mill 15 and the feed inlet of the cyclone separator. The overflow outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the feed inlet of the gravity separation system 19.

[0043] The process of separating solid waste after pyrolysis in a pyrolysis furnace through the pyrolysis product separation system of the present invention includes:

[0044] The solid waste is further crushed by a crushing mechanism. The crushed material is then fed into a screening mechanism for screening. The undersize material is fed into a grinding mill 15 for grinding, resulting in smaller solid waste particles. This is beneficial for subsequent cyclone separation and gravity separation. The ground material is then transported to a cyclone separation mechanism via carrier gas from a carrier gas source. The overflow particles from the cyclone separation mechanism are fed into a gravity separation system 19 for further separation. The outlet of the gravity separation system 19 can be connected to the secondary collection hopper 21 and the tertiary collection hopper 22, respectively. Valuable metals separated by the gravity separation system 19 are stored in the secondary collection hopper 21, and positive and negative electrode powders are stored in the tertiary collection hopper 22.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the above scheme, the outlet of the screening mechanism of the present invention is connected to the inlet of the third conveying mechanism or to the inlet of the crushing mechanism. This structural design enables the relatively large solid waste particles obtained by the screening mechanism to be crushed by the crushing mechanism, which is conducive to the full utilization of solid waste.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment of the above solution, the cyclone separation mechanism of the present invention can adopt a two-stage cyclone separation mechanism connected in series. The two-stage cyclone separation mechanism includes a primary cyclone separator 17 and a secondary cyclone separator 18. The discharge port of the grinding mill 15 is connected to the inlet of the primary cyclone separator 17, and the bottom outlet of the primary cyclone separator 17 is connected to the inlet of the screening mechanism. This structure is designed to allow the relatively large particles separated by the primary cyclone separator 17 to be crushed again by the crushing mechanism, which is beneficial to the full utilization of solid waste. The overflow outlet of the primary cyclone separator 17 is connected to the inlet of the secondary cyclone separator 18, and the overflow outlet of the secondary cyclone separator 18 is connected to the inlet of the gravity separation system 19. The bottom outlet of the secondary cyclone separator 18 can be connected to the primary collection hopper 20 to use the separated solid waste particles as cement clinker.

[0047] In the above-described scheme of the present invention, the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism and the third conveying mechanism can all be screw conveyors, and the conveying speed of the screw conveyor is controllable and stable.

[0048] In the above-described scheme of the present invention, the carrier gas source can be a blower 16. The blower 16 can provide carrier gas for transporting solid waste particles obtained by the grinding mill, and can also be used for separation by a cyclone separator.

[0049] Example

[0050] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment of the multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on a coal-fired power plant includes: 1. Lithium battery feed conveyor belt; 2. Wind turbine blade feed conveyor; 3. Blade pre-cutting system; 4. Storage silo; 5. First screw conveyor; 6. Shredder system; 7. Second screw conveyor; 8. Pyrolysis furnace; 9. Boiler system; 10. Environmental protection island; 11. Chimney; 12. Third screw conveyor; 13. Toothed roller crusher; 14. Vibrating screen; 15. Grinding mill; 16. Blower; 17. Primary cyclone separator; 18. Secondary cyclone separator; 19. Gravity separation system; 20. Primary collection hopper; 21. Secondary collection hopper; 22. [Further details needed for complete translation] Hopper 21, three-stage collection hopper 22, and induced draft fan 23; the discharge end of the lithium battery feed belt conveyor 1 is connected to the material inlet of the storage system 4, and the outlet of the blade pre-cutting system 3 is connected to the material inlet of the storage system 4; the outlet of the storage system 4 is connected to the material inlet of the shredder system 6 via the first screw conveyor 5, and the outlet of the shredder system 6 is connected to the material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8; the extraction dust removal port of the shredder system 6 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 23, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 23 is connected to the inlet of the environmental protection island 10 of the coal-fired power plant; the outlet of the environmental protection island 10 is connected to the chimney 11; such as Figure 2 As shown, the pyrolysis furnace 8 in this embodiment includes a furnace body. The material inlet 82 and flue gas outlet 84 of the pyrolysis furnace 8 are located at the top of the furnace body, and the flue gas inlet 85 and material outlet 86 are located at the bottom of the furnace body. A vibrating screen structure is provided inside the furnace body, located between the flue gas inlet 85 and the flue gas outlet 84. A star-shaped discharge valve 81 is provided at the material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8, and a cam opening and closing structure 83 is provided at the flue gas outlet. The pyrolysis furnace 8 can be equipped with a three-stage vibrating screen structure, namely a primary vibrating screen structure 87, a secondary vibrating screen structure 88, and a tertiary vibrating screen structure 89, which are distributed alternately from top to bottom. Figure 3As shown, each stage of the vibrating screen structure adopts a double-layer staggered hole arrangement of the vibrating screen 871. The flue gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to the economizer outlet of the boiler system 9, and the flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to the shredder system 6; the pyrolysis furnace 8 can use the flue gas from the economizer outlet for pyrolysis reaction, and the extracted flue gas temperature is 250℃-350℃, with an oxygen content of 4%-6%. The material outlet of pyrolysis furnace 8 is connected to the material inlet of toothed roller crusher system 13 via third screw conveyor 12. The outlet of toothed roller crusher system 13 is connected to the material inlet of vibrating screen 14. The material outlet of vibrating screen 14 is connected to the front screw conveyor 12 of toothed roller crusher system 13. The material outlet of vibrating screen 14 is connected to the material inlet of grinding mill 15. The material outlet of grinding mill 15 is connected to the inlet of blower 16. The outlet of blower 16 is connected to the inlet of primary cyclone separator 17. The overflow outlet of primary cyclone separator 17 is connected to the inlet of secondary cyclone separator 18. The underflow outlet of primary cyclone separator 17 is connected to the material inlet of vibrating screen 14. The overflow outlet of secondary cyclone separator 18 is connected to the material inlet of gravity separation system 19. The underflow outlet of secondary cyclone separator 18 is connected to primary collection hopper 20. The outlet of gravity separation system 19 is connected to secondary collection hopper 21 and tertiary collection hopper 22.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment describes the working method of a multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on coal-fired power plants, including the following steps:

[0052] Wind turbine blades 2 are cut by a pre-cutting system 3 and then sent to storage silos 4. Lithium batteries are also sent to storage silos 4 via belt conveyor 1. The blades and lithium batteries in storage silos 4 are sent to shredder system 6 via a first screw conveyor 5 for further processing. Dust, harmful gases, and inert flue gas from the boiler system generated in shredder system 6 are sent to the environmental protection island 10 of the coal-fired power plant via induced draft fan 23 and finally discharged through chimney 11. The inert medium used in shredder system 6 is derived from the flue gas discharged from pyrolysis furnace 8. The shredded blades and lithium batteries are sent to pyrolysis furnace 8 via a second screw conveyor 7. Pyrolysis is carried out in pyrolysis furnace 8 at 300°C under the flue gas environment introduced into boiler system 9, where the oxygen content is typically no higher than 8%. %, remove the surface adhesive of lithium battery, pyrolyze the main beam and mask of wind turbine blade to obtain continuous glass fiber; when the material enters the pyrolysis furnace 8 for pyrolysis, the star-shaped discharge valve 81 controls the material feeding speed. The material falls on the first-stage vibrating screen structure 87, which is composed of a double-layer staggered hole vibrating screen 871, so that the material is evenly distributed and preheated. The temperature gradually increases the reaction temperature. After 20 minutes of pyrolysis reaction, the first-stage vibrating screen structure 87 is started. The material falls on the second-stage vibrating screen structure 88 for pyrolysis reaction for 20 minutes. The second-stage vibrating screen structure 88 is started. The material falls on the third-stage vibrating screen structure 89 for pyrolysis reaction for 20 minutes. After pyrolysis, the material is discharged from the material outlet 86. Flue gas enters the pyrolysis furnace 8 through several circumferentially distributed flue gas inlets 85, flows counter-currently upward through a three-stage vibrating screen structure 89, a two-stage vibrating screen structure 88, and a one-stage vibrating screen structure 87, and is finally discharged to the shredder system 6 through a flue gas outlet 84 controlled by a cam opening and closing structure 83 with a periodic opening and closing time (20 minutes). The cam opening and closing structure 83 can realize the periodic opening and closing of the flue gas outlet 84 by utilizing the periodic rotation of the cam structure, so that the pyrolysis furnace can maintain a high temperature and save the heat consumed by the pyrolysis furnace. After pyrolysis in pyrolysis furnace 8, the material is fed into toothed roller crusher 13 via third screw conveyor 12 for further crushing. After crushing, the material is fed into vibrating screen 14 for screening. Coarse particles are returned to toothed roller crusher 13, while fine particles are fed into grinding mill 15 for further grinding. After grinding in grinding mill 15, the material is fed into primary cyclone separator 17 via blower 16 for separation. The underflow particles in primary cyclone separator 17 are fed into vibrating screen 14 for rescreening. The overflow particles from primary cyclone separator 17 are fed into inlet of secondary cyclone separator 18. The overflow from secondary cyclone separator 18 is fed into gravity separation system 19. The cement clinker underflow from secondary cyclone separator 18 enters primary collection hopper 20. The gravity separation system 19 separates valuable metals, which are stored in secondary collection hopper 21, and positive and negative electrode powders, which are stored in tertiary collection hopper 22.

[0053] The multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system and working method based on coal-fired power plants described in this invention utilizes the high-temperature flue gas heat of the coal-fired boiler system 9 for pyrolysis. After multi-stage crushing and separation, it forms multi-stage utilization products with different particle sizes and specific gravities. The overall process system is relatively simple, overcomes the lithium battery discharge problem and improves the fire prevention effect, and enhances the high-value-added treatment capacity of multi-source solid waste treatment. There is no water resource loss or secondary pollutant generation throughout the process.

[0054] This invention transforms waste lithium batteries and retired wind turbine blades into reusable, high-value products, enabling the graded utilization of multi-source solid waste. It achieves high-value, harmless, and resource-based utilization of multi-source solid waste, not only reducing the environmental pollution caused by waste lithium batteries and enabling reuse, but also avoiding the environmental problems caused by the long degradation cycle of wind turbine blades. This provides certain technical support for achieving the goal of building a circular economy system under the national dual-carbon background.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on coal-fired power plants, characterized in that, The system includes a feeding system, a shredder system (6), a pyrolysis furnace (8), a boiler system (9), and a pyrolysis product separation system. Both the shredder system (6) and the pyrolysis furnace (8) are equipped with a material inlet, a material outlet, a flue gas inlet, and a flue gas outlet. The material inlet of the shredder system (6) is connected to the feeding system through a first conveying mechanism. The material outlet of the shredder system (6) is connected to the material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) through a second conveying mechanism. The flue gas inlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) is connected to the economizer outlet of the boiler system (9). The flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) is connected to the flue gas inlet of the shredder system (6). The material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) is connected to the pyrolysis product separation system through a third conveying mechanism. The pyrolysis furnace (8) includes a furnace body, with the material inlet and flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) located at the top of the furnace body, and the flue gas inlet and material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) located at the bottom of the furnace body. The inner cavity of the furnace body is provided with a vibrating screen structure, which is located between the flue gas inlet and flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8). The feeding system includes a storage bin (4), a lithium battery material conveying device and a blade pre-cutting system. The discharge port of the storage bin (4) is connected to the material inlet of the shredder system (6) through a first conveying mechanism. The discharge ends of the lithium battery material conveying device and the blade pre-cutting system are both connected to the inlet of the storage bin (4). The pyrolysis product separation system includes a crushing mechanism, a screening mechanism, a grinding mill (15), a cyclone separator and a gravity separation system (19). The feed inlet of the crushing mechanism is connected to the material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) through a third conveying mechanism. The discharge outlet of the crushing mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the screening mechanism. The undersize outlet of the screening mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the grinding mill (15). The discharge outlet of the grinding mill (15) is connected to the feed inlet of the cyclone separator. A carrier gas source is connected to the pipeline connecting the discharge outlet of the grinding mill (15) and the feed inlet of the cyclone separator. The overflow outlet of the cyclone separator is connected to the feed inlet of the gravity separation system (19).

2. The multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material inlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) is equipped with a discharge valve, and the flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) is equipped with an opening and closing valve.

3. The multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas outlet of the shredder system (6) is connected to the environmental protection island (10) via an induced draft fan (23).

4. The multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the screening mechanism is connected to the feed inlet of the third conveying mechanism or the feed inlet of the crushing mechanism.

5. The multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on a coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cyclone separation mechanism includes a primary cyclone separator (17) and a secondary cyclone separator (18). The discharge port of the grinder (15) is connected to the feed port of the primary cyclone separator (17). The bottom outlet of the primary cyclone separator (17) is connected to the feed port of the screening mechanism. The overflow outlet of the primary cyclone separator (17) is connected to the feed port of the secondary cyclone separator (18). The overflow outlet of the secondary cyclone separator (18) is connected to the feed port of the gravity separation system (19).

6. A method for high-value treatment of multi-source solid waste from coal-fired power plants, characterized in that, This method employs the multi-source solid waste high-value treatment system based on any one of claims 1-5, and includes the following steps: The flue gas from the economizer outlet of the boiler system (9) is fed into the pyrolysis furnace (8) through the flue gas inlet, and the flue gas from the flue gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (8) is fed into the shredder system (6) through the flue gas inlet. The flue gas fed from the pyrolysis furnace (8) to the shredder system (6) is used as the inert medium of the shredder system (6). Solid waste in the feeding system is fed into the shredder system (6) for processing through the first conveying mechanism. After being processed by the shredder system (6), the solid waste is fed into the pyrolysis furnace (8) for pyrolysis through the second conveying mechanism. In the pyrolysis furnace (8), the flue gas from the economizer outlet of the boiler system (9) is used to pyrolyze the solid waste. After being pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis furnace, the solid waste is transported to the pyrolysis product separation system for product separation through the third conveying mechanism. The process of separating solid waste after pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace through the pyrolysis product separation system includes: crushing the solid waste through the crushing mechanism, sending the crushed material to the screening mechanism for screening, sending the screened material to the grinding mill (15) for grinding, and sending the ground material to the cyclone separator through the carrier gas output from the carrier gas source for separation, and sending the overflow particles from the overflow outlet of the cyclone separator to the gravity separation system (19) for separation. The solid waste includes lithium batteries and / or pre-cut wind turbine blades.

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