Weaving shed forming device for circular weaving machine and circular weaving machine equipped with the device

Abstract

The invention relates to a shed-forming device (1) of a circular weaving machine, comprising a warp band carrier element (2) for guiding warp bands (3, 4) into two warp band groups (3a, 4a), wherein the warp band carrier element (2) subjects the two warp band groups (3a, 4a) to opposite alternating movements in order to form a shed (5). The shed-forming device (1) has a crank drive with a crank element (7), in particular a crank shaft or a crank disc, and at least one connecting rod (8) connected to the crank element, wherein the connecting rod (8) comprises a longitudinal beam (8a) and a cross beam (8b), wherein the longitudinal beam (8a) is equipped with a first connecting rod bearing (8c) which is articulated on the crank element (7) and the warp band carrier element (2) is articulated on the cross beam (8b) of the connecting rod (8). The connecting rod (8) has a second connecting rod bearing (8d) which is rotatably and linearly movably guided on a linear guide (9).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a weaving shed forming apparatus for a circular loom as described in the preamble of claim 1, and a circular loom equipped with the apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Circular looms for producing fabrics are commonly known in the art. A circular loom has a roundreed reed arranged coaxially with the main shaft of the loom. The main shaft forms the main axis of the circular loom. Warp tape guide elements are arranged around the roundreed, configured to supply multiple warp tapes to the circular loom. A shed-forming device distributes the supplied warp tapes into two warp tape groups, causing these two groups to move in opposite directions, thereby opening and closing the shed between the two warp tape groups. The weaving shuttle moves along a track within the open shed, introducing the weft tape into the shed, thus forming the fabric. In modern circular looms, multiple circulating weaving shuttles typically exist simultaneously in each shed within the roundreed. The fabric is removed via a weaving ring.

[0003] Austrian patent AT 385 060 describes a shaft drive for a circular loom, configured as a crank drive, wherein inner and outer partial shafts are arranged in two rows circularly around the main shaft of the machine. The partial shafts have eyelets for guiding the warp tape. The inner and outer partial shafts each form a partial shaft pair driven by a crank drive assembly, wherein the crank drive assembly causes the inner and outer partial shafts to move in opposite directions to form the weaving shed.

[0004] If several partial shaft pairs are driven together, a stepped weaving shed is formed, which will be referred to as a stepped shed in the following text.

[0005] For newer circular looms, radial cams and control levers are typically used to implement the shed-forming drive. To minimize the number of control levers, several adjacent shed-forming devices are often grouped together, hinged simultaneously by one or two control levers. In this way, a stepped shed has been developed. Its disadvantages are that, in terms of overall length, it is shortened in the end region, and due to the limited available space, it provides very little space for the weaving shuttles. Furthermore, the stepped shape increases the dead zone between two consecutive sheds; therefore, for this type of circular loom, only a small number of weaving shuttles can circulate simultaneously within the reed. A smaller number of weaving shuttles leads to a decrease in the circular loom's production speed, thereby reducing its output.

[0006] European patent application EP 3431643A1 describes a shed-forming device in which, when the shed is opened, a belt lifting device simultaneously performs lifting and pivoting movements, wherein the pivoting movement is achieved about an axis arranged radially to the main axis of the circular loom. In this way, a shed with a lenticular cross-section is developed instead of a stepped cross-section. However, with this solution, the slider of the radial cam is subjected to significant sliding friction, which presents a stress limit to the circular loom at higher speeds.

[0007] The efficiency of a circular loom essentially depends on its production speed, the quality of the fabric produced, and its energy consumption. The upper limit of the production speed is defined by the maximum shed formation rate or the rate of shed alternation between the open and closed states of the shed, in which the weaving shuttle can move within the traveling shed without colliding with the warp tape that defines the shed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The objective of this invention is to provide a shed forming apparatus for forming a lens-shaped shed, which provides more space for the weaving shuttles compared to a stepped shed, while overcoming the disadvantages of solutions with additional pivoting elements to increase production speed or reduce the overall cross-section of a circular loom. Due to the lens-shaped cross-section of one or more sheds, the number of weaving shuttles circulating simultaneously within the reed can be maximized, or for the same number of shuttles, the distance between the weaving shuttles and the warp tape at the ends of one or more sheds can be increased, thereby reducing the risk of collision between the weaving shuttles and the warp tape, and thus preventing warp tape tearing caused by collisions.

[0009] For conventional circular looms with radial cams and control levers, the rolling friction between the radial cam and the eccentric roller results in considerably high energy consumption. One aspect of this invention is based on the objective of providing an energy-efficient circular loom.

[0010] The present invention accomplishes its objectives by providing a weaving shed forming apparatus for a circular loom having the features of claim 1 and a circular loom having the features of claim 20. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims, the following description, and the accompanying drawings.

[0011] The circular loom of the present invention has a shed-forming device having a warp belt carrying element for guiding the warp belt into two warp belt groups, wherein the warp belt carrying element causes the two warp belt groups to move alternately in opposite directions to form a shed. The shed-forming device has a crank drive having a crank element, particularly a crankshaft or crank disc, and at least one connecting rod connected to the crank element. The connecting rod includes a longitudinal beam and a crossbeam, wherein a first connecting rod bearing is formed in the longitudinal beam and hinged to the crank element, and the warp belt carrying element is hinged to the crossbeam of the connecting rod, wherein the connecting rod has a second connecting rod bearing guided in a rotatable and linearly slidable manner on a linear guide.

[0012] The linear guide preferably has a guide carriage and a guide rod that guides the guide carriage, wherein a second connecting rod bearing is hinged to the guide carriage. During lifting motion, the guide carriage positions the second connecting rod bearing next to the guide rod. The guide carriage can be guided along the guide rod, for example, by a rolling bearing or by aerostatic or magnetic means.

[0013] In order to minimize the lateral movement of the load-bearing elements arranged on the crossbeam, it is useful to position the second connecting rod bearing at the center of the crossbeam of the connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, the longitudinal beam and the transverse beam of the connecting rod are positioned at an angle such that if the first connecting rod bearing is at the top dead center or the bottom dead center, the transverse beam of the connecting rod is horizontal.

[0015] If at least two connecting rods with longitudinal and transverse beams are provided in the weaving shed forming apparatus according to the invention, the lateral movement of the warp belt bearing element arranged on the transverse beam can be minimized. These lateral movements are the result of the cyclic movement of the transverse beam when the connecting rod is pivoted, wherein the greater these lateral movements, the greater the distance between the warp belt bearing element and the second connecting rod bearing. If multiple connecting rods are provided, the transverse beam can be configured to be shorter accordingly, thereby reducing the aforementioned lateral movements.

[0016] The following describes a preferred alternative arrangement of multiple links with a correspondingly reduced crossbeam.

[0017] In the first embodiment, the connecting rods are mounted at the common hinge point of the crank elements, particularly at the common crank pin, via their first connecting rod bearings, wherein each connecting rod is guided in its own linear guide via its second connecting rod bearing.

[0018] In the second embodiment, at least one main connecting rod having a longitudinal beam and a transverse beam, and a secondary connecting rod having a longitudinal beam and a transverse beam are provided, wherein the main connecting rod is hinged to a crank element via its first connecting rod bearing, the longitudinal beam of the secondary connecting rod is mounted on the longitudinal beam of the main connecting rod, and the main connecting rod and the secondary connecting rod are guided in their own linear guides via their second connecting rod bearings.

[0019] In the third embodiment, N (N = 2, 3, ...) links are provided, wherein the first link bearing of each link is mounted on its own hinge point on the crank element, preferably at the crank pin, and wherein each hinge point on the crank element is offset by 360° / N relative to its adjacent hinge point, and wherein each link is guided in its own linear guide.

[0020] In order to form a woven shed that is as close as possible to the shape of a lens, the warp belt carrying element can be further configured as a perforated belt or perforated rope that passes around the steering pulley, with warp belt holes formed in the segments of the perforated belt or perforated rope on both sides of the steering pulley.

[0021] The shed forming apparatus according to the invention is easier to manufacture than a conventional shed forming apparatus and uses fewer individual components. However, if the warp belt carrying element is an eyelet belt or eyelet rope that passes around a steering pulley, and the eyelet belt or eyelet rope has a first set of at least two adjacent warp belt eyelets and a second set of at least two adjacent warp belt eyelets, an approximately lens-shaped shed can still be formed, wherein these two sets of warp belt eyelets are formed in segments of the eyelet belt or eyelet rope on both sides of the steering pulley. All of the warp belt carrying elements in one set are hinged together.

[0022] In another preferred embodiment of the shed forming apparatus according to the invention, the warp belt carrying element includes a machine belt that passes around the steering pulley, and strands are inserted into the machine belt by hooks at their ends, wherein the strands have warp belt eyelets.

[0023] If the axis of rotation of the guide pulley of the warp belt carrying element is inclined, the warp belts in the two warp belt groups can pass over each other when they are supplied to the weaving shed without actually contacting each other.

[0024] If the load-bearing element is torsionally mounted on the crossbeam of the connecting rod, preferably snapped onto the crossbeam, then simple assembly of these elements can be achieved.

[0025] For this system, if its first connecting rod bearing is in crank-driven operation at either the 9 o'clock or 3 o'clock position, the connecting rod is not at half the lifting height, but it will have a stroke error offset from the half-lift height. This will alternately result in different distances at which the weaving shed is closed, also known as a "closed shed." In other words, the weaving shed alternately becomes longer and shorter. If one wants to use weaving sheds of equal length, one must essentially use a shorter weaving shed to select the length of the weaving shed. Alternatively, one can also alternate between using longer and shorter weaving sheds. However, neither of these measures produces optimal results. Therefore, the invention provides, in another aspect, measures to configure all weaving sheds to be of equal length and to keep all weaving sheds closed at equal distances.

[0026] Therefore, according to the present invention, preferably, the shed forming apparatus is equipped with a compensation device for compensating for the stroke error of the connecting rod, or is equipped with a belt bearing element respectively connected to the connecting rod.

[0027] In a first embodiment of the braiding shed forming apparatus for compensating for stroke errors, the compensation device is configured as a gear drive upstream of and driving a crank drive, the gear drive having elliptical gears (preferably elliptical spur gears or helical gears). The gear drive with elliptical gears (such as spur gears or helical gears) has periodically alternating transmission ratios and, in conjunction with the crank drive, causes the warp belt carrying element to perform a uniform, almost sinusoidal lifting motion. The elliptical gear drive consists of gears whose roller cams are elliptical. The rotation point of the gear is located at one of the foci of the ellipse, and the foci have a linear eccentricity relative to their elliptical center. The eccentricity determines the change in transmission ratio and depends on the crank ratio.

[0028] In a second embodiment, the compensation device is configured as an electric single drive that drives the crank drive and performs the compensation motion. These single drives can be controlled electronically so that they provide the desired motion profile through the compensation motion.

[0029] In a third embodiment, the compensation device is configured as a separate drive chain for the crank drive, wherein the separate drive chain includes a drive shaft with a driver (C1) and a crankshaft with a driver block, wherein the rotation axes of the drive shaft and the crankshaft are arranged to be offset from each other by a correction distance. The essential feature of this embodiment is that the rotation axes of the drive shaft and the driven crankshaft are offset from each other in parallel and are connected only by a form-fitting driver element.

[0030] In the fourth embodiment, the compensation device is configured as a universal joint upstream of and driving the crank drive, wherein the bending angle of the universal joint is adjusted such that the resulting universal joint error compensates for the stroke error.

[0031] The present invention also includes a circular loom having a reed and a warp guide element arranged around the reed for supplying a plurality of warp tapes to the circular loom. The circular loom has a plurality of weaving shuttles circulating in the reed for introducing weft tapes into a shed formed by the warp tapes, and has a main drive for driving the weaving shuttles. The circular loom includes a plurality of the aforementioned shed forming devices of the present invention arranged around the reed, wherein the shed forming devices are driven directly or indirectly by the main drive.

[0032] The crank element of the weaving shed device is preferably connected to a gear, preferably a helical gear, that actively engages with the main drive, or it rotates via a gear belt that actively engages with the main drive. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and through non-limiting exemplary embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 1C The first embodiment of the weaving shed forming apparatus of the present invention is shown in front view, side view and top view.

[0035] Figure 2A and Figure 2B A second embodiment of the braiding shed forming apparatus of the present invention is shown in front and side views.

[0036] Figure 3A and Figure 3B Another embodiment of the braiding shed forming apparatus of the present invention is shown in front and side views.

[0037] Figure 4 Another embodiment of the weaving shed forming apparatus of the present invention is shown schematically in a perspective view.

[0038] Figure 5 The formation of a lens-shaped weaving shed with a travel error to be compensated is schematically shown.

[0039] Figure 6 An embodiment of the knitting shed forming apparatus of the present invention with travel error compensation is illustrated schematically.

[0040] Figure 7Another embodiment of the weaving shed forming apparatus of the present invention with travel error compensation is illustrated schematically. Detailed Implementation

[0041] exist Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 1C The first embodiment of the shed forming apparatus 1 of the present invention for a circular loom is shown in front, side, and top views. The shed forming apparatus 1 has a plurality of warp belt carrying elements 2 for guiding warp belts 3, 4 into two warp belt groups 3a, 4a, wherein the warp belt carrying elements 2 cause the two warp belt groups 3a, 4b to move alternately in opposite directions to form a shed 5, wherein each warp belt carrying element 2 passes around two guide pulleys 6, 6. The warp belt carrying elements 2 can be configured, for example, as eyelet belts, ropes, or strands, which form warp belt eyelets 2a in sections on both sides of the guide pulleys 6. The axis of rotation 6a of the guide pulleys 6 is inclined such that the warp belts 3, 4 of the two warp belt groups 3a, 4a pass over each other when supplied to the shed 5, without actually contacting each other. Each individual shed 5 has a weaving shuttle (not shown) circulating in the reed 12 of a circular loom, thereby outputting the weft belt wound on the rollers to the edge of the fabric being formed. A plurality of shed forming devices 1 of the present invention are arranged around the reed 12, which are directly or indirectly driven by the main drive of the circular loom. The crank element 7 of the shed forming device 1 is connected via a gear, preferably a helical gear, actively engaging with the main drive, or is usefully rotated via a gear belt actively engaging with the main drive. Warp guide elements are arranged around the reed 12 of the circular loom for supplying a plurality of warp belts to the circular loom. A plurality of weaving shuttles circulating in the reed 12 are provided for introducing the weft belt into the shed 5 formed by the warp belts. Such circular looms, in addition to the shed forming device 1 according to the invention, are known to those skilled in the art and can be configured, for example, as described in EP 3431643A1.

[0042] The shed forming apparatus 1 has a crank drive having a crank element 7, particularly a crankshaft or crank disc, and at least one connecting rod 8 connected to the crank element 7. The crank element 7 is driven by a crank drive 13, which in this exemplary embodiment includes a rotatably mounted drive shaft 13a and a helical gear 13b rotatably fixed to the drive shaft 13a. The crank drive 13 cannot be connected to a main drive (not shown) of a circular loom. The connecting rod includes a longitudinal beam 8a and a crossbeam 8b, wherein a first connecting rod bearing 8c is disposed in the longitudinal beam 8a, the first connecting rod bearing 8c being hinged to the crank element 7 at a crank pin 7a, and wherein the warp tape carrying element 2 is hinged to the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8. The connecting rod 8 has a second connecting rod bearing 8d, which is guided on a linear guide in a rotatable and linearly sliding manner. The linear guide 9 includes a guide carriage 10 and a guide rod 11 that guides the guide carriage 10, wherein a second connecting rod bearing 8d is hinged to the guide carriage 10. The guide carriage 10 is preferably guided along the guide rod 11 using rolling bearings or by aerostatic or magnetic means to minimize frictional resistance. The second connecting rod bearing 8d is located at the center of the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8, such that an equal number of belt-bearing elements 2 are arranged to the left and right of the second connecting rod bearing 8d. The longitudinal beam 8a and the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 are positioned at an angle such that the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 is horizontal if the first connecting rod bearing 8c is located at the top dead center (12 o'clock position) or bottom dead center (6 o'clock position) of the crank element 7. Figures 1A-1C In this embodiment, the angle between the longitudinal beam 8a and the transverse beam 8b is 90°. The transverse beam 8b of the connecting rod 8 is hinged to the load-bearing element 2 using a hinge 8e (e.g., a pin).

[0043] The rotational motion of the crank element is converted into linear motion of the connecting rod 8 by the longitudinal beam 8a of the connecting rod 8. However, this is only true for the second connecting rod bearing 8d hinged to the guide carriage 10. The crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 also pivots about the second connecting rod bearing 8d. This pivoting motion of the crossbeam 8b results in a certain lateral reciprocating motion of the warp belt bearing element 2 arranged on the crossbeam 8b, and the further the warp belt bearing element 2 is from the second connecting rod bearing 8d (i.e., the pivot point), the greater its lateral reciprocating motion. The distance between the warp belt bearing element 2 on the crossbeam 8b and the second connecting rod bearing 8d defines the pivot radius. The described lateral motion is undesirable and therefore must be minimized. This can only be achieved by shortening the length of the crossbeam 8b. However, since this length cannot be reduced by any order of magnitude and is geometrically dependent on the number of warp belt bearing elements 2 and their distance, the invention is configured in a further embodiment to increase the number of connecting rods, thereby allowing for a shortening of the length of each crossbeam 8b.

[0044] The following describes an advantageous embodiment of the shed forming apparatus of the present invention, each shed forming apparatus being equipped with a plurality of links 8 having correspondingly shortened crossbeams 8b.

[0045] exist Figure 2A and Figure 2B The figure shows an embodiment of the braiding shed forming apparatus 1 of the present invention, in which a total of four connecting rods 8 are hinged to a crank element 7. Every two connecting rods 8 are assembled together, directly or indirectly, to a common hinge point of the crank element 7 via their first connecting rod bearings 8c, particularly at a common crank pin 7a, and each connecting rod 8 is guided in its own linear guide 9 at its second connecting rod bearing 8d. The crank element 7 is configured as a crank disc, with two crank pins 7a arranged 180° off from each other, one crank pin 7a located at the front of the crank disc and one crank pin 7a located at the rear of the crank disc. As shown, in this embodiment, the longitudinal beams 8a and transverse beams 8b of the connecting rods are arranged at an angle of 90° relative to each other. The hinge point where the connecting rods 8 are directly assembled to the crank element 7 should be understood as the first connecting rod bearing 8c being directly connected to the crank pin 7a. The hinge point where the connecting rod 8 is indirectly assembled to the crank element 7 should be understood as follows: there is a main connecting rod 8 with a longitudinal beam 8a and a crossbeam 8b, which is directly hinged to the crank element 7 via its first connecting rod bearing 8c; and a secondary connecting rod 8' with a longitudinal beam 8a and a crossbeam 8b, wherein the longitudinal beam 8a of the secondary connecting rod 8' is assembled to the secondary connecting rod hinge point 8f on the longitudinal beam 8a of the main connecting rod 8, and the main connecting rod 8 and the secondary connecting rod 8' are respectively guided in their own linear guides 9 at their second connecting rod bearings 8d. Therefore, the secondary connecting rod 8' is only indirectly connected to the crank element 7 and is driven by the main connecting rod 8.

[0046] According to Figure 2A and Figure 2B In a simplified embodiment of the shed forming device 1, the secondary connecting rod 8' can be omitted, leaving only the main connecting rod 8. This results in an embodiment where N (N=2 in this example, but it could also be a natural number higher than 2) connecting rods 8 are provided, wherein the first connecting rod bearing 8c of each connecting rod 8 is mounted on its own hinge point on the crank element 7, here its own crank pin 7a, and wherein each hinge point is offset by 360° / N from its adjacent hinge point on the crank element 7, and each connecting rod 8 is guided in its own linear guide 9.

[0047] according to Figures 1A-1C and 2A- Figure 2B The weaving shed forming device 1 is characterized in that the warp belt carrying elements 2 are configured as separate elements, each individually hinged to the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8. This results in a perfectly lens-shaped weaving shed 5. Figures 1A-1CIn the weaving shed forming device 1, the warp belt carrying element 2 is configured to pass around the eyelet belt or rope of the guide pulley 6, wherein warp belt eyelets 2a are formed in the sections on both sides of the guide pulley 6, and in Figures 2A-2B In the weaving shed forming apparatus 1, the via-belt bearing element 2 does not bypass the steering pulley, but is fitted at one end to the hinge point 8e of the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8, and at the second end to the assembly point 14a of the retaining beam 14, which corresponds in size to the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8. Like the hinge point 8e of the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod, the assembly points 14a are arranged at equal distances from each other. The retaining beam 14 can pivot about the retaining beam bearing 14b, which is located at one end of a spacer 15, configured as, for example, a rod or tube. The spacer 15 is also connected to the guide carriage 10 of the linear guide 9 and is driven by the connecting rod 8 along the linear guide 9, such that the distance between the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 and the retaining beam remains permanently constant. The pivoting of the crossbeam 8b is transmitted to the retaining beam 14 via the via-belt bearing element 2, thus the retaining beam 14 pivots parallel to the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8.

[0048] In a variant of the above embodiment of the braiding shed forming apparatus 1 having fewer individual components but still forming an approximately lens-shaped braiding shed 5, instead of configuring all warp belt carrying elements 2 as individually movable components, the warp belt carrying elements 2 are configured as eyelet belts or eyelet ropes that pass around the steering pulley 6. The eyelet belts or eyelet ropes have a first set of at least two warp belt eyelets 2a arranged adjacent to each other and a second set of at least two warp belt eyelets 2a arranged adjacent to each other, wherein the two sets of warp belt eyelets 2a are arranged in segments of eyelet belts, eyelet ropes or strands on both sides of the steering pulley 6.

[0049] exist Figure 3A and Figure 3B In the embodiments schematically shown in the front or side view of the weaving shed forming device 1, the belt carrying element 2 includes a machine belt 16 that passes around the steering pulley 6, and the strands 17 are inserted into the machine belt 16 using hooks 17a at their ends.

[0050] exist Figure 4 In another embodiment of the woven shed forming apparatus 1 shown, the warp belt carrying element 2 is configured as a band, including warp belt eyelets 2a, wherein the band passes over the guide pulleys 6, 6 and is connected to each other at connection point 2b to form an abbreviated band. The band is also twisted 180° (at 2c), and they are engaged at the locking point 8g of the crossbeam 8b of the connecting rod 8 by locking in their twisted area.

[0051] like Figure 5As shown, the crank element 7, configured as a crank arm, performs a full 360° counterclockwise rotation, with the clock positions marked (3 o'clock, 12 o'clock, 9 o'clock, 6 o'clock, 3 o'clock). If, during crank-driven operation, the first connecting rod bearing 8c of connecting rod 8 is at the 9 o'clock or 3 o'clock position respectively, then connecting rod 8 is not at half the lifting height, but rather offset by a stroke error HF relative to the half lifting height of the second connecting rod bearing 8d. This will alternately result in different distances F1, F2, at which the weaving sheds 5, 5' close, and are also referred to as "closed sheds". In other words, due to this stroke error HF, the weaving shed 5 is shorter than the adjacent weaving shed 5'.

[0052] To compensate for this travel error, the present invention provides a compensation device so that all the woven sheds 5 are configured to have the same length, or that the closed states of all the woven sheds 5 are maintained at equal distances.

[0053] exist Figure 6 In the first embodiment schematically shown, the compensation device is configured as a gear drive 19, upstream of and driving the crank drive 13, which has elliptical gears 19a and 19b. In the exemplary embodiment shown, gears 19a and 19b are configured as elliptical helical gears. Alternatively, they can also be configured as elliptical spur gears, wherein the roller cams are elliptical for both types of gears. The gear drive 19 with elliptical gears has a periodically alternating transmission ratio, which, in combination with the crank drive 13, applies a uniform, almost sinusoidal lifting motion to the warp belt carrier element 2. The rotation point of the elliptical gears 19a and 19b is located at one of the foci of the ellipse, which has a linear eccentricity relative to its elliptical center. The eccentricity will determine the change in the transmission ratio and depends on the crank ratio. Helical gear 19a is driven by an intermediate shaft 20, which in turn is driven by the main shaft 18 of the circular loom via a gear drive 21.

[0054] exist Figure 7In the embodiment of the shed forming apparatus 1 of the loom schematically shown, the compensation device is configured as a separate drive chain of crank drive 13, wherein the separate drive chain includes an eccentric drive shaft S1 with a driver C1 and a crank shaft S2 with a driver block C2, wherein the rotation axes of the drive shaft S1 and the crank shaft S2 are arranged to be offset from each other by a correction distance K. The essential feature of this embodiment is that the rotation axes of the drive shaft S1 and the driven crank shaft S2 have a parallel offset relative to each other, and are connected in a form-fitting manner by driver elements C1 and C2. Thus, the drive shaft S1 is driven by the spindle of the circular loom, for example by a gear drive with a fixed transmission ratio i = number of shuttles / 2, and this uniform rotational motion is transmitted to the driver block C2 of the crank shaft S2 by means of the driver C1, and then irregular rotational motion of the crank shaft S2 is caused by the correction distance K between the drive shaft S1 and the crank shaft S2.

[0055] The crank drive 13 of the crank element 7 is force-fitted to the crankshaft C2 and accordingly performs a lifting motion of the connecting rod 8, such that at 90° (9 o'clock) and 270° (3 o'clock), the connecting rod 8 will be exactly centered between the top dead center OT (at 0° or 12 o'clock respectively) and the bottom dead center UT (at 180° or 6 o'clock). The distance between the top dead center OT and the bottom dead center UT is the lifting height H, therefore the center position of the connecting rod 8 is at half the lifting height H / 2.

[0056] In an embodiment not shown in the accompanying drawings, the compensation device is configured as an electrically driven single drive that drives a crank drive and performs the compensation motion. These single drives can be controlled electronically so that they provide the desired motion profile through the compensation motion.

[0057] In another embodiment, not shown in the accompanying drawings, the compensation device is configured as a universal joint upstream of and driving the crank drive, wherein the bending angle of the universal joint is adjusted such that the resulting universal joint error will compensate for the stroke error.

[0058] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0059] 1. Weaving Shelf Forming Device

[0060] 2. With load-bearing element

[0061] 2a with perforated belt

[0062] 2b Connection point of strip element 2

[0063] 2c strip element 2 torsion

[0064] 3,4 meridians

[0065] 3a, 4a warp belt group

[0066] 5,5' woven shed

[0067] 6 steering pulleys

[0068] The axis of rotation of the 6a steering pulley

[0069] 7. Crank components, such as crankshaft or crank plate

[0070] 7a crank pin

[0071] 8-link system, main link

[0072] 8' secondary connecting rod

[0073] 8a connecting rod longitudinal beam

[0074] 8b connecting rod crossbeam

[0075] The first connecting rod bearing in the longitudinal beam of the 8c connecting rod is hinged to the crank element 7.

[0076] The second link bearing in the crossbeam of the 8d link is guided on the linear guide 9.

[0077] Hinge point on link 8e for element 2

[0078] 8f secondary connecting rod hinge point

[0079] The locking point on the 8g crossbeam 8b

[0080] 9 linear guides

[0081] 10 guide carriages

[0082] 11 guide rods

[0083] 12 round reeds

[0084] 13-crank drive

[0085] 13a crank-driven drive shaft

[0086] 13b Crank-driven helical gear, connected to the main drive

[0087] 14 Keeping beam

[0088] 14a assembly point

[0089] 14b retaining beam bearing

[0090] 15 spacers

[0091] 16 machines with belt

[0092] 17th-tier stocks

[0093] 17a line stock 17 hook

[0094] 18 circular loom main shaft

[0095] 19 Elliptical Gear Drive

[0096] 19a, 19b Elliptical Gears

[0097] 20 intermediate shaft

[0098] 21-Gear Drive

[0099] S1 Eccentric Drive Shaft

[0100] C1 eccentric drive shaft driver

[0101] S2 crankshaft

[0102] C2 crankshaft drive block

[0103] K Correction Distance

[0104] H travel height

[0105] OT top dead center

[0106] UT bottom dead center

Claims

1. A shed forming apparatus (1) for a circular loom, the shed forming apparatus (1) having a warp belt carrying element (2) for guiding warp belts (3, 4) into two warp belt groups (3a, 4a), wherein the warp belt carrying element (2) causes the two warp belt groups (3a, 4a) to perform alternating movements in opposite directions to form a shed (5), wherein the shed forming apparatus (1) has a crank drive having a crank element (7) and at least one connecting rod (8) connected to the crank element, characterized in that, The connecting rod (8) includes a longitudinal beam (8a) and a crossbeam (8b), wherein a first connecting rod bearing (8c) is disposed in the longitudinal beam (8a) and is hinged to the crank element (7), and the via-load-bearing element (2) is hinged to the crossbeam (8b) of the connecting rod (8), wherein the connecting rod (8) has a second connecting rod bearing (8d) which is rotatably and linearly slidably guided on a linear guide (9).

2. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear guide (9) has a guide carriage (10) and a guide rod (11) for guiding the guide carriage, wherein the second link bearing (8d) is hinged to the guide carriage (10).

3. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crank element (7) is a crankshaft or a crank plate.

4. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second connecting rod bearing (8d) is located at the center of the crossbeam (8b) of the connecting rod (8).

5. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The longitudinal beam (8a) and the transverse beam (8b) of the connecting rod (8) are positioned relative to each other at an angle such that if the first connecting rod bearing (8c) is at the top dead center or the bottom dead center, the transverse beam (8b) of the connecting rod (8) will be horizontal.

6. The braiding shed forming apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It is provided with at least two connecting rods (8) with longitudinal beams (8a) and transverse beams (8b).

7. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting rod (8) is mounted at the common hinge point of the crank element (7) via its first connecting rod bearing (8c), and each of the connecting rods (8) is guided in its own linear guide (9) via its second connecting rod bearing (8d).

8. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The common hinge point is configured as a common crank pin (7a).

9. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that, The assembly includes at least one main connecting rod (8) having a longitudinal beam (8a) and a crossbeam (8b) and a secondary connecting rod (8') having a longitudinal beam (8a) and a crossbeam (8b), wherein the main connecting rod (8) is hinged to the crank element (7) via its first connecting rod bearing (8c), the longitudinal beam (8a) of the secondary connecting rod (8') is mounted on the longitudinal beam (8a) of the main connecting rod (8), and the main connecting rod (8) and the secondary connecting rod (8') are each guided in their own linear guides (9) via their second connecting rod bearings (8d).

10. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 6 or 9, characterized in that, There are N links (8), N = 2, 3, ..., wherein the first link bearing (8c) of each link (8) is mounted at its own hinge point on the crank element (7), and each hinge point on the crank element (7) is offset by 360° / N relative to the adjacent hinge point, and each link (8) is guided in its own linear guide (9).

11. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 10, characterized in that, The hinge point is configured as a crank pin (7a).

12. The braiding shed forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The warp belt carrying element (2) is configured as a separate eyelet belt or eyelet rope that passes around the guide pulley of the braiding shed forming device (1), or as a strand of thread inserted into the machine belt that passes around the guide pulley, with warp belt eyelets (2a) formed in the segments of the eyelet belt or eyelet rope or the strand of thread on both sides of the guide pulley.

13. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The warp belt carrying element (2) is configured as a separate eyelet belt or eyelet rope that bypasses the steering pulley of the braiding shed forming device (1), the eyelet belt or eyelet rope having a first set of at least two warp belt eyelets (2) arranged adjacent to each other and a second set of warp belt eyelets (2a) arranged adjacent to each other, wherein the two sets of warp belt eyelets (2) are formed in the segments of the eyelet belt or eyelet rope on both sides of the steering pulley (6).

14. The shed forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The warp belt carrying element (2) includes a machine belt (16) that passes around a guide pulley (6) of the braiding shed forming device (1), and a strand (17) is inserted into the machine belt (16) by a hook (17a) at its end, wherein the strand (17) has a warp belt eyelet (2a).

15. The braiding shed forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The axis of rotation (6a) of the guide pulley (6) of the warp belt carrying element (2) is inclined, such that the warp belts (3,4) in the two warp belt groups (3a,4a) pass over each other when they are supplied to the weaving shed (5) without actually contacting each other.

16. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide carriage (10) is guided along the guide rod (11) using rolling bearings or by aerostatic or magnetic means.

17. The braiding shed forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The belt bearing element (2) is hinged to the crossbeam (8b) of the connecting rod (8).

18. The braiding shed forming apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that, The bearing element (2) is attached to the crossbeam (8b) of the connecting rod (8).

19. The braiding shed forming apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The woven shed forming device (1) has a compensation device for compensating for the stroke error (HF) of the connecting rod (8).

20. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that, The compensation device is configured as a gear drive (19) upstream of and driving the crank drive (13), the gear drive (19) having elliptical gears (19a, 19b).

21. The shed forming apparatus according to claim 20, characterized in that, The elliptical gears (19a, 19b) are configured as elliptical spur gears or helical gears.

22. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that, The compensation device is configured as an electric single drive, which drives the crank drive (13) and performs the compensation motion.

23. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that, The compensation device is configured as a separate drive chain for the crank drive, wherein the separate drive chain includes a drive shaft (S1) with a driver (C1) and a crank shaft (S2) with a driver block (C2), wherein the rotation axes of the drive shaft (S1) and the crank shaft (S2) are arranged to be offset from each other by a correction distance (K).

24. The weaving shed forming apparatus according to claim 19, characterized in that, The compensation device is configured as a universal joint upstream of and driving the crank drive (13), wherein the bending angle of the universal joint is adjusted such that the resulting universal joint error will compensate for the stroke error.

25. A circular loom having a reed (12) and warp guide elements arranged around the reed (12) for supplying a plurality of warp strips (3,4) to the circular loom, the circular loom having a plurality of weaving shuttles circulating in the reed (12) for introducing weft strips into a weaving shed (5) formed by the warp strips, and the circular loom having a main drive for driving the weaving shuttles, characterized in that, The circular loom includes a plurality of weaving shed forming devices (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 24.

26. The circular loom according to claim 25, characterized in that, The crank element (7) of the braiding shed forming device (1) is connected to the main drive via a gear that actively engages with the main drive as a crank drive (13), or rotates via a gear belt that actively engages with the main drive.

27. The circular loom according to claim 26, characterized in that, The crank drive (13) is a helical gear connection.

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