Fish habitat construction structure and method for water and landscape integrated basin

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of ecological protection of water conservancy and hydropower, and particularly relates to a fish habitat construction structure and method for water and landscape integrated river basin. The fish habitat construction structure comprises multiple layers of habitat box assemblies arranged from top to bottom at intervals, two adjacent habitat box assemblies are connected by multiple elastic ropes, and the top of the uppermost habitat box assembly is connected with a floating ball body by multiple upper pull lines; the bottom of the lowermost habitat box assembly is connected with a counterweight by multiple lower pull lines. The fish habitat construction structure and the construction method thereof are as follows: S1, construction and site selection of a fish habitat construction structure placement area; S2, using hoisting equipment to hoist the fish habitat construction structure as a whole and place it in the placement area selected in step S1; S3, when the water level changes, the floating ball body is inflated or deflated to change the buoyancy of the floating ball body, adjust the elevation of the habitat box assembly, and thus adapt to the fish habitat conditions under different water level amplitudes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower ecological protection technology, and in particular to a structure and method for creating fish habitats in integrated water, wind and solar watersheds. Background Technology

[0002] The development and construction of integrated water, wind, and solar clean energy bases in river basins is an important model and implementation path for the green and low-carbon transformation of energy. With the evolution of the new development pattern of integrated water, wind, and solar power and the continuous progress of technologies for synchronously improving the performance of ecological elements in conventional hydropower stations, we are facing new issues related to fish protection, resulting in a "mismatch" between the new pattern of multi-energy complementarity and the design of fish habitats in the original conventional hydropower facilities.

[0003] With the evolution of the new development pattern of integrated hydropower, wind, and solar power, and the continuous advancement of technologies for synchronously improving the ecological performance of conventional hydropower stations, we face new issues related to fish conservation. This has led to a mismatch between the new multi-energy complementary pattern and the existing fish habitat design in conventional hydropower facilities. To mitigate the impact of this mismatch, some researchers have focused on creating fish habitats by arranging and constructing fish-attracting structures and fish habitats at proposed fish-attracting locations or in deep and shallow pools. These structures include sunken branches of varying thicknesses, abandoned shrub stumps, or other types of structures. However, these structures often deteriorate or eventually move from their original locations due to water flow or movement. Furthermore, existing theoretical research has extensively studied the impact of water level or hydraulic fluctuations that are mismatched under the current new development pattern on fish. For example, Cao Jun found that different fluctuations in downstream water levels can cause parent fish to cease spawning activities or spawn in habitats unfavorable to egg development, affecting the suitability of fish habitats during the breeding season.

[0004] Currently, there are existing patent applications related to the creation of fish habitats. For example, patent CN219578090U discloses a fish habitat device that integrates water purification functions, providing ample habitat space and channels for five types of fish, thus providing a better environment for fish survival and reproduction, and improving the survival rate of fish eggs while providing habitat for migratory fish. Another example is patent application CN113026664A, which discloses a composite ecological slope protection for restoring the habitat of fish that lay adhesive eggs in rivers. Based on the habits of fish that lay adhesive and semi-adhesive eggs, it addresses issues such as the creation of a microenvironment for fish spawning, temporary shelter, and the convenience of egg protection behavior by considering the slope protection material, shape, growth of submerged plants, and the ease of microbial biofilm formation.

[0005] However, different fish species exhibit distinct stratification preferences; some prefer the bottom, some the top, and some the middle. Furthermore, with the development trend of multi-energy complementary hydropower stations, frequent water level fluctuations upstream and downstream of reservoirs significantly impact fish spawning and habitat. The fish habitat structures described in the aforementioned patents do not consider the stratification preferences of fish, frequent water level fluctuations, and the resulting river drawdown zones. These unfavorable factors hinder fish spawning and habitat development. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main objective of this invention is to propose a structure and method for creating fish habitats in integrated water, wind, and solar watersheds, aiming to solve the problem of frequent water level fluctuations that are unfavorable for fish with different stratification preferences to inhabit and spawn.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, on the one hand, the present invention proposes a fish habitat creation structure for an integrated water, wind and solar watershed, comprising a multi-layer habitat box assembly arranged at intervals from top to bottom, with multiple elastic ropes connecting adjacent layers of habitat box assemblies, a float connected to the top of the uppermost habitat box assembly by multiple upper pull lines, and a counterweight connected to the bottom of the lowermost habitat box assembly by multiple lower pull lines.

[0008] Preferably, each layer of the habitat box assembly is formed by connecting multiple main fish boxes arranged in parallel; hanging rings are provided at both ends of the top surface and both ends of the bottom surface of the main fish box; a fixing rod is connected between two adjacent main fish boxes on each layer of the habitat box assembly, and the two ends of the fixing rod are respectively installed on the hanging rings of the two main fish boxes.

[0009] Preferably, the two ends of the elastic rope are respectively connected to the hanging rings of the upper and lower corresponding main fish boxes; the lower end of the upper pull line is connected to the hanging ring on the top surface of the uppermost habitat box assembly; and the upper end of the lower pull line is connected to the hanging ring on the bottom surface of the lowermost habitat box assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the front and rear faces of the main fish tank are respectively set as arc surfaces, and water inlet holes are respectively opened on the front and rear faces; a cover plate is respectively provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the main fish tank, and a square hole for water and light to pass through is provided on the cover plate; fish inlet holes of different diameters are opened on the two straight side walls of the main fish tank.

[0011] Preferably, the main fish box has side wall boxes on both sides; the side wall boxes are corrugated; fish inlets are opened on the vertical walls of the side wall boxes; and water and light permeable openings are opened on the top and bottom walls of the side wall boxes.

[0012] Preferably, the protruding ridges on the side wall boxes are provided with snap-fit ​​holes. When two adjacent main fish boxes on each layer of the habitat box assembly are connected, the protruding ridges on the two adjacent side wall boxes abut against each other, and snap-fit ​​holes are inserted into the snap-fit ​​holes for locking. The two adjacent side wall boxes together form multiple vertical rhomboid fish passages.

[0013] Preferably, multiple fish habitat trays are arranged at intervals from top to bottom inside the main fish tank; the distance between two adjacent fish habitat trays is not less than 30cm, the top surface of each fish habitat tray is enclosed by the side wall of the tray to form an open cavity, and a partition is provided in the cavity at the top of the fish habitat tray to divide the cavity into multiple compartments, and different substrates are laid in different compartments of each fish habitat tray.

[0014] Preferably, a grid support column is provided between the two straight side walls of the main fish tank; the fish habitat grid is placed on the grid support column; the grid support columns are connected to each other by a quick-connect structure.

[0015] Preferably, the quick-connect structure includes a support column inlet on the grid support column and a grid plate insert at both ends of the bottom surface of the fish habitat grid plate; when the fish habitat grid plate is placed on the grid support column, the grid plate insert is inserted into the support column inlet for snap-fit.

[0016] On the other hand, this invention also proposes a method for creating fish habitats in integrated watersheds, which employs the aforementioned fish habitat creation structure and includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Construction and site selection of fish habitat construction structures: Select a natural shallow pool in the downstream section of the river near the bank and below the minimum water level as the placement area for fish habitat construction structures; or level the riverbed near the bank and above the minimum water level to form an artificial shallow pool as the placement area for fish habitat construction structures, with the elevation of the artificial shallow pool below the minimum water level.

[0018] S2. Using hoisting equipment, lift the entire fish habitat construction structure and place it in the placement area selected in step S1, so that the counterweight is always attached to the riverbed of the placement area, and use the vertical pulling force generated by the buoy to suspend the multi-layer habitat box assembly in the water.

[0019] S3. When the water level changes, inflate or deflate the buoy to change its buoyancy and adjust the elevation of the habitat assembly.

[0020] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] (1) By utilizing the fish habitat construction structure provided by this invention, the entire structure is placed in a natural or artificial shallow pool near the bank in the downstream section of the dam, so that the counterweight is always attached to the riverbed of the placement area. The vertical tension generated by the float suspends the multi-layer habitat assembly in the water. When the water level changes, the float is inflated or deflated to change the buoyancy of the float. Since the upper and lower adjacent habitat assembly is connected by an elastic rope, the elastic rope can be lengthened or shortened as the buoyancy of the float changes, thereby adjusting the elevation of the habitat assembly and making the habitat assembly adaptable to fish with different layer preferences for habitat and spawning.

[0022] (2) In this invention, two adjacent main fish boxes on each layer of the habitat box assembly are connected by a fixed rod. In the vertical direction, the two ends of the elastic rope are respectively connected to the lifting rings of the upper and lower corresponding main fish boxes, so that the main fish boxes on the entire fish habitat creation structure are connected in both the vertical and horizontal directions, thus forming a whole, which facilitates the overall lifting.

[0023] (3) In this invention, when two adjacent main fish boxes are connected on each layer of the habitat box assembly, the protruding parts on the two adjacent side wall boxes abut against each other, and the two adjacent side wall boxes together form multiple vertical rhomboid fish passages. The water flow in the rhomboid fish passages is significantly less than the water flow speed in the river channel, which can provide good hiding space for fish. At the same time, after entering the rhomboid fish passages, fish can pass through the fish inlet of the side wall box to enter the interior of the side wall box, and then enter the interior of the main fish box through the fish inlet on the side wall of the main fish box. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the fish habitat creation structure provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the main fish tank and side wall tank during assembly in this invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sidewall box in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the engagement of the buckle hole on the side wall box with the buckle in this invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main fish tank in this invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-layered fish habitat grid in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a front view of the internal structure of the main fish tank in this invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing how the fish habitat grid and the grid support column are connected by a quick-connect structure in this invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the elastic rope, the fixing rod, and the hanging ring on the main fish box in this invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the uppermost habitat box assembly and the float via multiple upper cables. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the uppermost habitat box assembly and the float via multiple upper cables. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between two adjacent perch boxes in this invention via multiple elastic ropes.

[0037] Figure 13 A schematic diagram showing the stretching or shortening of the elastic rope in the fish habitat creation structure provided by the present invention at different water levels;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the topography and water level elevation of a section of the river downstream of the dam.

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the artificial shallow pool created after the riverbed was leveled.

[0040] Figure 16 A schematic diagram showing the location of the structured placement area for fish habitats;

[0041] Figure 17 A schematic diagram illustrating the hoisting process for constructing fish habitats;

[0042] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram showing the placement of fish habitat structures behind the display area.

[0043] Illustrations and symbols: 1. Natural shallow pool; 101. Artificial shallow pool; 5. Habitat assembly; 51. Main fish box; 501. Side wall box; 5011. Fish inlet; 5012. Water and light permeable opening; 5013. Diamond-shaped fish passage; 502. Clip hole; 503. Clip; 504. Fish inlet hole; 505. Water inlet hole; 506. Cover plate; 5061. Square hole; 5062. Hanging ring; 5 07. Fish habitat tray; 5071. Tray sidewall; 5072. Support column; 5073. Tray insert; 5074. Support column inlet; 5075. Grid; 508. Fixing rod; 5081. Fixing rod bolt; 5082. Elastic rope; 509. Float; 5091. Upper guy line; 5092. Float eyelet; 5010. Counterweight; 50101. Lower guy line. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0046] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0047] Combination Figures 1 to 13As shown, this embodiment proposes a fish habitat construction structure for an integrated water, wind, and solar watershed, comprising multiple layers of habitat box components 5 spaced apart from top to bottom. Adjacent layers of habitat box components 5 are connected by multiple elastic ropes 5082. The top of the uppermost habitat box component 5 is connected to a float 509 by multiple upper guy lines 5091; the bottom of the lowermost habitat box component 5 is connected to a counterweight 5010 by multiple lower guy lines 50101. A float ring 5092 is provided on the top of the float 509 to facilitate lifting the entire fish habitat construction structure using hoisting equipment.

[0048] Combination Figure 1 , Figures 9 to 12 As shown, each layer of the habitat assembly 5 is composed of multiple parallel-arranged main fish boxes 51 connected together. Hanging rings 5062 are provided at both ends of the top and bottom surfaces of each main fish box 51. A fixing rod 508 connects two adjacent main fish boxes 51 on each layer of the habitat assembly 5, and both ends of the fixing rod 508 are respectively mounted on the hanging rings 5062 of the two main fish boxes 51 via fixing rod bolts 5081. The two ends of the elastic rope 5082 are respectively connected to the hanging rings 5062 of the corresponding upper and lower main fish boxes 51. The lower end of the upper pull line 5091 is connected to the hanging ring 5062 on the top surface of the uppermost habitat assembly 5; the upper end of the lower pull line 50101 is connected to the hanging ring 5062 on the bottom surface of the lowermost habitat assembly 5.

[0049] Combination Figure 2 As shown, the front and rear faces of the main fish tank 51 are respectively designed as arc surfaces, and water inlets 505 are respectively provided on the front and rear faces. Cover plates 506 are respectively provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the main fish tank 51, and square holes 5061 for water and light transmission are provided on the cover plates 506 to meet the phototaxis requirements of fish. Fish inlets 504 of different diameters are provided on the two straight side walls of the main fish tank 51 to facilitate the movement of fish of different heights and widths into the main fish tank 51. If the main fish tank 51 is designed for specific watershed protected fish species, the size of the fish inlets 504 can be set according to the average body length of the protected fish species in that watershed. Since the front and rear faces of the main fish tank 51 are respectively set as arc surfaces, they play a guiding role under the impact of water flow, so that the long direction of the entire main fish tank 51 is parallel to the direction of water flow. Water can flow into the interior of the main fish tank 51 from the water inlet 505, thereby ensuring the fluidity of the water inside the main fish tank 51 and preventing it from losing its value as a habitat for fish due to stagnant water.

[0050] Combination Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, to increase hiding places for fish, side wall boxes 501 are respectively provided on both sides of the main fish box 51. The side wall boxes 501 are corrugated to facilitate the growth of floating algae, which are the food of fish. Fish inlets 5011 are provided on the vertical walls of the side wall boxes 501 to protect the fish and native fish from entering and exiting. Considering the phototaxis of fish, water-permeable and light-permeable openings 5012 are provided on the top and bottom walls of the side wall boxes 501. Fish can enter the interior of the side wall boxes 501 through the fish inlets 5011 to hide.

[0051] Furthermore, combined Figure 1 and Figure 4 , Figure 9 As shown, the protruding ridges on the side wall boxes 501 are provided with snap-fit ​​holes 502. When two adjacent main fish boxes 51 on each layer of the habitat box assembly 5 are connected, the protruding ridges on the two adjacent side wall boxes 501 abut against each other, and snap-fit ​​holes 503 are inserted into the snap-fit ​​holes 502 for locking. The two adjacent side wall boxes 501 together form multiple vertical rhomboid fish passages 5013. By adopting this structure, the water flow in the rhomboid fish passages 5013 is significantly less than the water flow velocity in the river channel, which can provide fish with good hiding space. At the same time, after entering the rhomboid fish passages 5013, fish can pass through the fish inlet 5011 of the side wall box 501 to enter the interior of the side wall box 501, and then enter the interior of the main fish box 51 through the fish inlet hole 504 on the side wall of the main fish box 51.

[0052] Combination Figures 5 to 8 As shown, multiple fish habitat trays 507 are arranged at intervals from top to bottom inside the main fish tank 51; the distance between two adjacent fish habitat trays 507 is not less than 30cm. The top surface of each fish habitat tray 507 is enclosed by the tray sidewalls 5071 to form an open-top cavity. A partition is provided in the cavity at the top of the fish habitat tray 507 to divide the cavity into multiple compartments 5075. Substrate suitable for different species of fish to spawn is laid in different compartments 5075 of each fish habitat tray 507. The number of compartments 5075 needs to be determined based on the number of fish species found in the fish resource survey. The substrate includes materials such as boulders, slabs, pebbles, gravel, and sand. Specifically, the thickness of the boulders is greater than 20cm, and the length and width are 2 to 3 times the thickness; the crushed stone includes coarse crushed stone with a particle size of 40 to 150mm, medium crushed stone with a particle size of 20 to 40mm, and fine crushed stone with a particle size of 10 to 20mm; the pebbles include coarse pebbles with a particle size of 40 to 150mm, medium pebbles with a particle size of 20 to 40mm, and fine pebbles with a particle size of 10 to 20mm; the sand includes coarse sand with a particle size of 3.1 to 3.7mm, medium sand with a particle size of 2.3 to 3.0mm, and fine sand with a particle size of 1.6 to 2.2mm.

[0053] The reference particle size of the substrate laid in grid 5075 needs to be set in conjunction with the design flow velocity of the riverbed, specifically:

[0054] In the formula: L c The average particle size (mm) of the boulders should preferably be the median particle size of the riverbed sediment; V b g is the velocity at the bottom of the riverbed (m / s); g is the acceleration due to gravity (m / s²). 2 g is taken as 9.8 m / s 2 ;γ s —Bulk density of the stone (kg / m³) 3 );γ w —Specific density of water (kg / m³) 3 ); For the burial state characteristic coefficient, 1.4 is appropriate for submerged boulders.

[0055] To prevent water flow from eroding the substrate in the fish habitat tray 507, the height of the substrate should not exceed the height of the side wall 5071 of the tray.

[0056] Combination Figures 5 to 8 As shown, a grid support column 5072 is provided between the two straight side walls of the main fish tank 51. The end of the grid support column 5072 can be fastened to the side wall of the main fish tank 51 by bolts. The fish habitat grid 507 is placed on the grid support column 5072. The grid support columns 5072 are connected to each other by a quick-connect structure. Specifically, the quick-connect structure includes a support column slot 5074 provided on the grid support column 5072 and a grid insert 5073 provided at both ends of the bottom surface of the fish habitat grid 507. When the fish habitat grid 507 is placed on the grid support column 5072, the grid insert 5073 is inserted into the support column slot 5074 for connection. The purpose of the quick-connect structure is to form a detachable structure, which facilitates the quick removal of the fish habitat grid 507 for substrate replacement. At the same time, the snap-fit ​​structure can ensure the stability of the fish-like habitat plate 507 in the water.

[0057] In this embodiment, the upper pull line 5091 and the lower pull line 50101 can also be elastic pull ropes. The float 509 can be a hollow sphere with an elastic outer wall. The volume of the float is adjusted by inflating it with an inflation device (not shown in the figure), thereby adjusting the buoyancy.

[0058] Combination Figures 14 to 18 As shown, on the other hand, this embodiment also proposes a method for creating fish habitats in an integrated watershed with wind and solar power, employing the aforementioned fish habitat creation structure, including the following steps:

[0059] S1. Construction and site selection of fish habitat construction structure placement area: Select a natural shallow pool 1 in the downstream section of the river near the bank and below the minimum water level as the placement area for fish habitat construction structure; or level the riverbed near the bank and above the minimum water level to form an artificial shallow pool 101 as the placement area for fish habitat construction structure, with the elevation of the artificial shallow pool 101 being lower than the minimum water level.

[0060] S2. Using hoisting equipment, the entire fish habitat construction structure is lifted and placed in the placement area selected in step S1, so that the counterweight 5010 is always attached to the riverbed of the placement area, and the multi-layer habitat box assembly 5 is suspended in the water by the vertical pulling force generated by the float 509.

[0061] S3. When the water level changes, inflate or deflate the float 509 to change its buoyancy and adjust the elevation of the habitat assembly 5 to adapt to different water level changes (h). 最小水位 ~h 最大水位 ).

[0062] Specifically, in combination Figure 13 As shown, when the water level changes, since the upper and lower adjacent habitat box components 5 are connected by an elastic rope 5082, the elastic rope 5082 can be lengthened or shortened as the buoyancy of the float 509 changes. This adjusts the elevation of the habitat box components 5, allowing them to accommodate fish with different stratification preferences for spawning. Simultaneously, the elastic rope 5082 must be under tension at the minimum water level to prevent misalignment of the upper and lower parts of the habitat box components 5, ensuring even stress distribution. Furthermore, the upper guy line 5091 and the lower guy line 50101 can also be made of elastic ropes. The principle of lengthening or shortening is as follows... Figure 13 As shown, the stretching length of the upper guy wire 5091 at the maximum water level is D, and its stretching length at the minimum water level is d, so D > d at this time. The counterweight 5010 serves two purposes: first, it acts as a counterweight, and second, it remains attached to the bottom of the riverbed to ensure that the entire fish habitat structure is not displaced by the water flow.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure for creating fish habitats in an integrated watershed with wind and solar power, characterized by: The system includes a multi-layered perch assembly (5) arranged at intervals from top to bottom. The perch assemblies (5) of adjacent layers are connected by multiple elastic ropes (5082). The top of the uppermost perch assembly (5) is connected to a float (509) by multiple upper pull lines (5091). The bottom of the lowermost perch assembly (5) is connected to a counterweight (5010) by multiple lower pull lines (50101). Each layer of the habitat box assembly (5) is formed by connecting multiple main fish boxes (51) arranged in parallel; hanging rings (5062) are provided at both ends of the top surface and the bottom surface of the main fish box (51); a fixing rod (508) is connected between two adjacent main fish boxes (51) on each layer of the habitat box assembly (5), and the two ends of the fixing rod (508) are respectively installed on the hanging rings (5062) of the two main fish boxes (51); The two ends of the elastic rope (5082) are respectively connected to the hanging rings (5062) of the upper and lower corresponding main fish boxes (51); the lower end of the upper pull line (5091) is connected to the hanging ring (5062) on the top surface of the uppermost perch box assembly (5); the upper end of the lower pull line (50101) is connected to the hanging ring (5062) on the bottom surface of the lowermost perch box assembly (5); The front and rear faces of the main fish tank (51) are respectively set as arc surfaces, and water inlet holes (505) are respectively opened on the front and rear faces. Cover plates (506) are respectively provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the main fish box (51), and square holes (5061) for water and light transmission are provided on the cover plates (506). Fish inlet holes (504) of different diameters are provided on the two straight side walls of the main fish box (51). The main fish box (51) has side wall boxes (501) on both sides; the side wall boxes (501) are corrugated; a fish inlet (5011) is opened on the vertical wall of the side wall box (501); and water and light permeable openings (5012) are opened on the top and bottom walls of the side wall box (501). The protruding ridges on the side wall box (501) are provided with snap holes (502). When two adjacent main fish boxes (51) on each layer of the habitat box assembly (5) are connected, the protruding ridges on the two adjacent side wall boxes (501) abut against each other, and snaps (503) are inserted into the snap holes (502) for snapping. The two adjacent side wall boxes (501) together form multiple vertical rhomboid fish passages (5013).

2. The fish habitat creation structure for an integrated watershed with wind and solar power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Inside the main fish tank (51), multiple fish habitat trays (507) are arranged at intervals from top to bottom; the distance between two adjacent fish habitat trays (507) is not less than 30cm, the top surface of each fish habitat tray (507) is enclosed by the side wall (5071) of the tray to form an open cavity, and a partition is provided in the cavity at the top of the fish habitat tray (507) to divide the cavity into multiple compartments (5075), and different substrates are laid in different compartments (5075) of each fish habitat tray (507).

3. The fish habitat creation structure for an integrated watershed with wind and solar power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A grid support column (5072) is provided between the two straight side walls of the main fish tank (51); the fish habitat grid (507) is placed on the grid support column (5072); the grid support column (5072) is connected to the grid support column (5072) by a quick snap-fit ​​structure.

4. The fish habitat creation structure for an integrated watershed with wind and solar power as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The quick-connect structure includes a support column inlet (5074) provided on the grid support column (5072) and a grid insert (5073) provided at both ends of the bottom surface of the fish habitat grid (507); when the fish habitat grid (507) is placed on the grid support column (5072), the grid insert (5073) is inserted into the support column inlet (5074) for snap-fit.

5. A method for creating fish habitats in an integrated watershed combining water, wind, and solar power, characterized in that, The fish habitat creation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 includes the following steps: S1. Construction and site selection of fish habitat construction structure placement area: Select a natural shallow pool (1) in the downstream section of the dam that is close to the bank and below the minimum water level as the placement area for fish habitat construction structure; or level the riverbed that is close to the bank and above the minimum water level to form an artificial shallow pool (101) as the placement area for fish habitat construction structure, and the elevation of the artificial shallow pool (101) is lower than the minimum water level. S2. Using hoisting equipment, the entire fish habitat construction structure is lifted and placed in the placement area selected in step S1, so that the counterweight (5010) is always attached to the riverbed of the placement area, and the multi-layer habitat box assembly (5) is suspended in the water by the vertical pulling force generated by the float (509). S3. When the water level changes, inflate or deflate the float (509) to change the buoyancy of the float (509) and adjust the elevation of the habitat assembly (5).

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