A light roof system integrating heat preservation, waterproofing and pressure relief

Abstract

A lightweight roofing system integrating insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief is disclosed. From top to bottom, it consists of a top layer of profiled steel sheet, an upper layer of waterproof membrane, an insulation board, a lower layer of waterproof membrane, and a bottom layer of profiled steel sheet. The lower layer of waterproof membrane is continuously rolled up along both sides of the roof slope. At the points where the lower layer of waterproof membrane is rolled up between two adjacent independent units, another layer of upper waterproof membrane is placed over it. A top layer of profiled steel sheet is then laid on top of each independent unit. The upper and lower layers of waterproof membrane in each independent unit overlap with the waterproof membrane of the adjacent independent unit on both sides perpendicular to the roof slope. All the above layers are fixed to the purlins below using explosion-proof bolts, forming a lightweight roofing system integrating insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief. This system is simple to construct, reduces labor intensity, is easy to maintain, improves wind uplift resistance, and enhances the waterproofing function of the roofing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of roof design for newly built and renovated industrial plants and warehouses that emit combustible gases lighter than air during production and use, and specifically relates to a lightweight roofing system that integrates heat preservation, waterproofing, and pressure relief. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial plants and warehouses that emit flammable gases lighter than air during production and use pose an explosion hazard. To prevent significant casualties and property damage caused by structural damage from explosions, the building envelope must have adequate pressure relief area. Since flammable gases lighter than air tend to accumulate near the roof, making this area a concentrated explosion zone, the roof is the optimal choice for pressure relief within the building envelope. The pressure relief design of the building roof should adhere to relevant national standards, employing lightweight roofing materials. Lightweight roofing materials have lower density, and their structural joints are easily dispersed or detached under explosive forces, achieving pressure relief. This design also offers the advantage of the roof being ripped off during an explosion without affecting the building's main structural beams and columns.

[0003] To meet the above requirements, pressure-relief roofs currently commonly use composite metal profiled steel sheets (two layers of steel sheets with an insulation board sandwiched in between), fixed to the roof's load-bearing purlins with explosion-proof bolts. This material and installation method provides both insulation and pressure relief. In the event of an explosion, the explosion-proof bolts loosen due to the blast pressure, causing the composite metal profiled steel sheets to separate from the roof's load-bearing purlins, the roof to be torn off, and the sheets to separate, thus achieving the purpose of dispersing and relieving pressure. In addition to insulation and pressure relief, the roof should also have waterproofing capabilities. According to national standards, when using first- or second-level waterproofing for metal sheet roofs, an additional layer of waterproof membrane with a thickness of not less than 1.5mm should be added. The most common practice is to lay a layer of waterproof membrane on the top layer of the composite metal profiled steel sheets after installation. To prevent the waterproof membrane from being torn off due to wind and to prevent rainwater from seeping in through the joints, the waterproof membrane is fully bonded to each other and to the steel sheets to form a continuous waterproof layer.

[0004] While the above roofing systems theoretically provide both insulation and pressure relief while also meeting waterproofing requirements, the easily separable, dispersed pressure relief characteristics of the panels contradict the overall waterproofing approach. The fully bonded monolithic waterproofing layer used to meet waterproofing and wind uplift resistance requirements negatively impacts the dispersed pressure relief effect, which in turn reduces the overall waterproofing functionality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems of the aforementioned roofing systems, this invention takes into account the insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief characteristics of industrial plant and warehouse roofs that emit combustible gases lighter than air during production and use. It develops a roofing system that achieves both insulation and pressure relief while providing reliable waterproofing. This roofing system is simple and quick to construct, easy to maintain and replace, and offers significant waterproofing and pressure relief effects.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this invention provides a lightweight roofing system integrating thermal insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief, comprising purlins, a bottom profiled steel sheet, a top profiled steel sheet, an insulation board, and a lower waterproof membrane. Its key feature is that the entire roof is divided into multiple independent units by utilizing the segmented installation of the composite metal profiled steel sheet; a bottom profiled steel sheet is laid on the purlins; a lower waterproof membrane is laid on top of the bottom profiled steel sheet; and an insulation board of the same size as a single bottom profiled steel sheet is laid on top of the lower waterproof membrane. The lower waterproof membrane continuously rolls up along both sides of the roof slope to cover the edges of the insulation board, utilizing the thickness of the insulation board to form drainage grooves. This forms an independent unit with the same size as the bottom profiled steel sheet and the same thickness as the insulation board. An upper layer of waterproof membrane is then laid over the rolled-up sections of the lower waterproof membrane between two adjacent independent units. The width of this upper layer is greater than the width of the portion of the lower waterproof membrane that wraps around the edge of the insulation board. A top layer of profiled steel sheet is then laid on top of each independent unit. The upper and lower layers of waterproof membrane in each independent unit overlap with the waterproof membrane of the adjacent independent unit on both sides perpendicular to the roof slope. All the above layers are fixed to the purlins below using explosion-proof bolts, forming a lightweight roofing system that integrates insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief.

[0007] Preferably, at the eaves of the roof system, a foam plug is installed at the end of the insulation board to seal it, and an eaves baffle is installed at the foam plug to seal the edge. Two drainage holes with a diameter of 10mm are reserved at the bottom of the eaves baffle for each independent unit to drain the rainwater that leaks from the profiled steel sheet above.

[0008] Preferably, the overlap length of the upper and lower waterproof membrane layers is not less than 150mm.

[0009] Preferably, the width of the upper waterproof membrane covering both sides of two adjacent independent units is not less than 100mm.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0011] First, the present invention proposes a lightweight roofing system that integrates heat preservation, waterproofing, and pressure relief, effectively solving the functional coordination problem among heat preservation, waterproofing, and pressure relief in lightweight roofing systems.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention is simple to construct. Adjacent waterproof membranes are overlapped on both sides along the direction perpendicular to the roof slope, which reduces the labor intensity problem of the traditional full-adhesion construction process.

[0013] Third, because the present invention adopts an independent unit construction form, and each independent unit is connected by an overlapping method, replacement and maintenance are simple and convenient, and the area of ​​damage to the original roof is small.

[0014] Fourth, the two layers of waterproof membrane of the present invention are placed below the top profiled steel plate and the insulation board respectively, which improves the resistance to wind uplift.

[0015] Fifth, the most effective way to waterproof a roof is to drain rather than block water. This invention utilizes the structural feature of profiled steel sheet roofs with a large slope, so that leaking rainwater can be quickly discharged along the roof slope, reducing the possibility of continued leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 Perspective view of the roof system construction;

[0017] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the connection in the direction of vertical roof slope (lateral direction);

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of connections along the roof slope (longitudinal direction);

[0019] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the eaves of the roof system.

[0020] The following labels are used in the attached diagram: 1-purlin, 2-bottom profiled steel sheet, 3-lower waterproof membrane, 4-insulation board, 5-upper waterproof membrane, 6-top profiled steel sheet, 7-explosion relief bolt, 8-foam plug, 9-eaves baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Reference Figure 1 A bottom layer of profiled steel sheet 2 is laid on the purlins 1 laid on the roof. This layer of steel sheet serves as the load-bearing structure of the entire roof system. A 1.5-thickness lower layer waterproof membrane 3, slightly larger in size than the width and length of a single bottom layer profiled steel sheet, is laid on the bottom layer profiled steel sheet 2. This layer of waterproof membrane serves as a waterproof layer of the roof system. An insulation board 4, with the same size as a single bottom layer profiled steel sheet 2, is pasted on the 1.5-thickness lower layer waterproof membrane 3. This insulation board serves as the insulation layer of the roof system.

[0023] Reference Figure 2Along the roof slope direction (longitudinal direction), the 1.5mm thick lower waterproof membrane 3 is continuously rolled up along the two edges of the insulation board 4 until it wraps around the edge of the insulation board with a width of 50mm. This forms an independent unit with a "U" groove shape, which is the width of the steel plate and the length of a single steel plate.

[0024] Reference Figure 3 The lower layer of waterproof membrane 3 is connected to the lower layer of waterproof membrane of the adjacent independent unit on both sides of the vertical slope direction (lateral direction) by an overlap length of not less than 150mm.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 To ensure good overall waterproofing for the entire roof, an additional layer of waterproof membrane 5 is added to both sides of each independent unit's waterproof membrane (at the connection point of the independent unit), with an overlap of not less than 100mm on both sides. Similarly, the 1.5mm thick upper layer waterproof membrane 5 of two adjacent independent units are also connected by an overlap of not less than 150mm.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 A top-layer profiled steel sheet 6 of the same width as the bottom layer is laid on the outermost layer, and finally fixed to the purlin 1 with explosion-proof bolts 7.

[0027] Reference Figure 4 At the eaves of the roof system, the ends of the insulation board are sealed with foam plugs 8, and finally the edges are sealed with eaves baffles 9. Two 10mm diameter drainage holes are reserved at the bottom of the eaves baffles for each independent unit to drain the rainwater that leaks from the top profiled steel sheet 6.

Claims

1. A lightweight roofing system integrating thermal insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief, comprising purlins, a bottom profiled steel sheet, a top profiled steel sheet, an insulation board, and a lower waterproof membrane, characterized in that: Utilizing the segmented installation structure of composite metal profiled steel sheets, the entire roof is divided into multiple independent units. A bottom layer of profiled steel sheets is laid on the purlins, followed by a lower layer of waterproof membrane. An insulation board of the same size as the individual bottom layer profiled steel sheet is then laid on top of the lower waterproof membrane. The lower waterproof membrane continuously rolls up along both sides of the roof slope to cover the edges of the insulation board. The thickness of the insulation board forms drainage grooves, thus creating independent units that are the same size and thickness as the individual bottom layer profiled steel sheets and the insulation board. The system consists of: a lower layer of waterproof membrane covering the upper layer of waterproof membrane on both sides of the lower layer of waterproof membrane in two adjacent independent units, with the width of the upper layer of waterproof membrane being greater than the width of the portion of the lower layer of waterproof membrane that wraps around the edge of the insulation board; a top layer of profiled steel sheet laid on the top layer of each independent unit; the upper and lower layers of waterproof membrane in each independent unit overlapping the waterproof membrane of the adjacent independent unit on both sides perpendicular to the roof slope; and all the above layers of material being fixed to the purlins below by explosion-proof bolts, forming a lightweight roofing system that integrates insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief.

2. The lightweight roofing system integrating heat insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At the eaves of the roof system, foam plugs are installed at the ends of the insulation boards to seal them. An eaves baffle is installed at the foam plugs to seal the edges. Two 10mm diameter drainage holes are reserved at the bottom of the eaves baffle for each independent unit to allow rainwater leaking from the profiled steel sheet above to drain out.

3. The lightweight roofing system integrating heat insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overlap length between the upper and lower layers of waterproof membrane shall not be less than 150mm.

4. The lightweight roofing system integrating heat insulation, waterproofing, and pressure relief as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the upper waterproof membrane covering both sides of the two adjacent independent units shall not be less than 100mm.

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