A tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device and method based on microwave and laser double consolidation

Abstract

A tailings sand base polymer ceramic sintering device and method based on microwave and laser double consolidation, the device comprises a base, the base is sequentially provided with a charging port, a crushing and stirring device, a reaction device connected with the crushing and stirring device, and a mold connected with the reaction device from top to bottom; the mold is externally provided with a laser source, the bottom of the mold is provided with a microwave device and a laser device, and the microwave device and the laser device are used for acting on the materials in the mold; the charging port comprises a first charging port and a second charging port, the first charging port is communicated with the crushing and stirring device, and the second charging port is connected with the reaction device; the microwave and laser technology are combined, the radioactive tailings treatment cost is effectively reduced, and the advantages of excellent mechanical properties, stable chemical properties and low leaching rate of radioactive elements are obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to radioactive tailings treatment and disposal technology in the field of environmental governance, specifically to a tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device and method based on the dual consolidation effects of microwave and laser. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of industrial production and nuclear energy technology, the amount of waste generated is increasing daily, including nuclear waste, heavy metals, and organic waste. These wastes pose a significant threat to human health and the environment; therefore, how to safely and effectively dispose of them has become an urgent problem. Currently, solidification is one of the main methods of waste treatment, with ceramic solidification being a relatively advanced technology that can achieve long-term stable solidification. However, existing ceramic solidification devices generally have some problems. For example, they are relatively complex to operate, requiring specialized technicians for operation and maintenance, and most are fixed, failing to meet the needs of rapid on-site processing. Therefore, developing a mobile, rapid ceramic solidification device is particularly important.

[0003] Microwave and laser processes each have their own advantages and disadvantages in ceramic sintering equipment. However, a ceramic sintering device combining microwave and laser technologies can compensate for some of their shortcomings. For example, microwave heating is selective, while laser heating offers high precision and high concentration. The dual consolidation effect can compensate for the hot spots and temperature inhomogeneity issues of microwave heating, achieving more uniform heating. Furthermore, in laser processing, the small focusing diameter of the laser beam limits the size of the product; microwave heating, on the other hand, can achieve uniform heating of larger areas, overcoming the size limitations of laser processing. Additionally, the large temperature gradient in laser processing can easily generate residual stress in the product; microwave heating can achieve a more uniform temperature distribution, reducing the temperature gradient and compensating for residual stress problems arising from laser processing, thus reducing residual stress in the product. Finally, both microwave and laser processing equipment are relatively complex and costly; by combining microwave and laser technologies, some equipment and processes can be shared, reducing overall costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application addresses the aforementioned shortcomings of the prior art by providing a tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device that combines microwave and laser technologies to effectively reduce the cost of radioactive tailings treatment and obtain ceramic materials with excellent mechanical properties, stable chemical properties, and low radioactive element leaching rates.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device based on the dual consolidation effect of microwave and laser. The device includes a base, and from top to bottom, a feeding port, a crushing and stirring device, a reaction device connected to the crushing and stirring device, and a mold connected to the reaction device are arranged in sequence inside the base. A laser source is arranged outside the mold, and a microwave device and a laser device are arranged at the bottom of the mold. The microwave device and the laser device are used to heat the material inside the mold. The feeding port includes a first feeding port and a second feeding port. The first feeding port is connected to the crushing and stirring device, and the second feeding port is connected to the reaction device.

[0006] Using the above structure, this application first feeds the raw materials into the mixing and pulverizing device through the loading port, and then mixes and pulverizes them to pulverize the materials, obtaining a finer powder structure to provide a more ideal reaction efficiency for subsequent reactions. Then, the reactants are added and fully mixed with the raw materials to form tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blanks. These blanks are then placed in a mold to obtain blanks of specific sizes. Microwave and laser devices are used to sinter the uranium-containing tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blanks. During this process, the microwaves uniformly heat the ceramic blanks, transforming the geopolymer into geopolymer ceramics. Based on this, the high precision and high concentration characteristics of the laser are used to compensate for the hot spots and temperature unevenness that occur during the microwave heating ceramicization process, thereby achieving a more uniform and stable geopolymer ceramicization effect, allowing the tailings sand-based polymers to be sintered rapidly at a lower sintering temperature (700-900℃). Finally, the sintered tailings sand-based polymer ceramics are cooled to room temperature in the mold. This improves the ceramicization efficiency while significantly reducing energy consumption and curing time.

[0007] Furthermore, a screen is provided between the crushing and stirring device and the reaction device, and the mesh size of the screen is 1-38 micrometers. With this structure, the crushed raw materials can be screened to obtain powder of a specific size, ensuring uniform particle size and texture, which is beneficial to subsequent reactions.

[0008] Furthermore, a switching valve is provided between the reaction device and the mold, which is used to control the opening and closing of the discharge port of the reaction device; with this structure, the discharge port of the reaction device can be closed or opened as needed, so as to better control the preparation of the billet in the future.

[0009] Furthermore, the mold is connected to a vibration device, which is used to compact the reactants inside the mold. With this structure, the billet can be flattened under the vibration generated when the vibration device is running, and air bubbles can also be effectively eliminated.

[0010] Furthermore, the base is also provided with ventilation openings for heat dissipation; this structure allows for timely heat dissipation and prevents the temperature inside the base from becoming too high.

[0011] Furthermore, the base is equipped with a main control module and a display screen. The main control module is electrically connected to the crushing and stirring device, the microwave device, the laser device, the reaction device, and the switching valve, and is used to drive the crushing and stirring device, the microwave device, the laser device, the reaction device, and the switching valve to operate.

[0012] This application also provides a method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics using the aforementioned tailings sand-based solidification sintering device based on microwave and laser dual consolidation effects. The specific preparation steps include:

[0013] (1) First, the tailings sand is fed into the crushing and grinding device from the first feeding port, and then crushed and ground to obtain powder with uniform particle size and texture.

[0014] (2) Then, the alkaline activator is introduced into the reaction device through the second feeding port to complete the preparation of the composite activator; the powder material obtained in step (1) is filtered and screened through a screen to obtain material with a particle size of 1-38 micrometers, and the material enters the reaction device; subsequently, the low melting point additive is added to the reaction device and stirred to form tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blank.

[0015] (3) Open the switch valve and inject the ceramic blank into the pre-set mold, and cure it at a temperature of 50-70℃ for 20-48 hours;

[0016] (4) After the curing period, the mold is heated by a microwave device; at the same time, the uranium tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blank is sintered by a laser device; in this process, the microwave will first heat the ceramic blank evenly to convert the geopolymer into geopolymer ceramic. On this basis, the high precision and high concentration characteristics of the laser are used to compensate for the hot spots and temperature unevenness that occur during the microwave heating ceramicization process; the tailings sand-based polymer ceramic after sintering is cooled to room temperature in the sintering device.

[0017] Furthermore, the alkaline activator is composed of sodium hydroxide and water glass with a modulus of 3.3 mixed in a weight ratio of 1:12-20.

[0018] Furthermore, the alkaline activator accounts for 35-45% of the total weight of the raw materials. The specific preparation process is to mix sodium hydroxide and water glass with a modulus of 3.3, stir and react in a reaction device for 3-10 minutes, and then let it stand for 10-15 hours.

[0019] Furthermore, the low-melting-point additive is a mixture of copper oxide and boron oxide in a weight ratio of 1:0.8-1.2.

[0020] Furthermore, the microwave device has a rated power of 100W and gradually increases the temperature at a rate of 8-12℃ / min, so that the temperature inside the mold reaches 700-900℃.

[0021] Furthermore, the laser device has a power of 60W and a spot size of 247 micrometers.

[0022] Furthermore, the amount of the low-melting-point additive added is 1-3% of the weight of the raw material.

[0023] Furthermore, the tailings sand is uranium tailings sand or rare earth tailings sand, and its radioactivity content may reach 37.51 mg / kg or more.

[0024] The advantages and beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0025] 1. This method not only optimizes the treatment process of tailings sand containing radioactive elements and improves the ceramicization efficiency, but also significantly reduces energy consumption and curing time. The curing process not only promotes the hardening of the test blocks, but also effectively reduces the moisture content, significantly enhancing their mechanical properties and chemical stability. Furthermore, the efficiency is greatly improved compared to traditional room temperature curing (7-30 days) through chemical reactions between raw materials and by increasing the curing temperature. This process not only improves the preparation process and performance of tailings sand-based polymer ceramics, but also provides new technical support and solutions for the safe and stable treatment of radioactive tailings.

[0026] 2. This application is the first to combine microwave and laser technologies to prepare tailings sand-based polymer ceramics, thereby effectively treating uranium or rare earth tailings sand with radioactive content potentially exceeding 37.51 mg / kg, effectively solidifying the radioactive elements, and reducing environmental pollution. Furthermore, this application uses specific alkaline activators and low-melting-point additives to form tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blanks from the raw materials. Microwave heating of the ceramic blanks uniformly transforms the geopolymer into geopolymer ceramics. Based on this, the high precision and high concentration of lasers are used to compensate for hot spots and temperature inhomogeneity issues that occur during microwave-heated ceramicization, achieving a more uniform and stable geopolymer ceramicization effect, enabling rapid sintering of tailings sand-based polymers at a relatively low sintering temperature—700-900℃.

[0027] 3. The technical solution of this application uses an alkaline activator with a specific ratio. This alkaline activator is made by mixing sodium hydroxide and water glass with a modulus of 3.3 in a weight ratio of 1:12-20. This alkaline activator with a specific ratio can not only promote the formation of geopolymers, but also make the network structure of the hydration products that form geopolymers more complex and dense, effectively improving mechanical strength, chemical stability and leaching resistance. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device based on the dual consolidation effects of microwave and laser (without pulleys and telescopic rods).

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device based on the dual consolidation effects of microwave and laser (without pulleys and telescopic rods).

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction apparatus of this application.

[0031] As shown in the attached diagram: 1. Base, 101. Pulley, 102. Ventilation port, 103. Main control module, 104. Display screen, 105. Telescopic rod, 2. Loading port, 201. First loading port, 202. Second loading port, 3. Crushing and stirring device, 4. Reaction device, 5. Mold, 6. Laser source, 7. Microwave device, 8. Laser device, 9. Screen, 10. Switch valve, 11. Vibration device.

[0032] Figure 4 XRD patterns of tailings sand from Comparative Example 3 and the geopolymer after heat treatment at 1200℃ for 5 hours.

[0033] Figure 5 Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) diagram of the product prepared in Comparative Example 3. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] Furthermore, it should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it may be fixed via another intermediate component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or it may be fixed via another intermediate component. When a component is referred to as being "set on" another component, it can be set directly on the other component or it may be fixed via another intermediate component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] The following description uses specific embodiments and the following apparatus:

[0037] As attached Figure 1-3 The image shows a tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device based on the dual consolidation effects of microwave and laser, according to this application. The device includes a base 1, within which, from top to bottom, are arranged a loading port 2, a crushing and stirring device 3, a reaction device 4 connected to the crushing and stirring device 3, and a mold 5 connected to the reaction device 4. A laser source 6 is disposed outside the mold 5, and a microwave device 7 and a laser device 8 are disposed at the bottom of the mold 5. The microwave device 7 and the laser device 8 are used to heat the material inside the mold. The loading port 2 includes a first loading port 201 and... The second loading port 202 is connected to the first loading port 201, which is connected to the crushing and stirring device 3, and the second loading port 202 is connected to the reaction device 4. Specifically, the base 1 of this application is a rectangular box structure. The loading port 2, crushing and stirring device 3, reaction device, mold 5, laser source 6, microwave device 7, and laser device 8 (the laser device in this application is used to generate the laser source 6 to heat and sinter the mold) are all located inside the base 1 of this box structure, thus achieving a compact layout and not occupying too much external space. Moreover, as shown in the attached... Figure 2 As shown, a pulley structure 101 is installed at the bottom of the base 1, which facilitates the operation of the entire tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device based on microwave and laser dual consolidation, and makes it easier to move; in addition, as shown in the attached... Figure 2 As shown, a telescopic rod 105 structure is provided on the side wall of the base 1 to facilitate pulling the entire device like a suitcase.

[0038] Using the above structure, this application first feeds the raw materials into the mixing and pulverizing device through the loading port, and then mixes and pulverizes them to pulverize the materials, obtaining a finer powder structure to provide a more ideal reaction efficiency for subsequent reactions. Then, the reactants are added and fully mixed with the raw materials to form tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blanks. These blanks are then placed in a mold to obtain blanks of specific sizes. Microwave and laser devices are used to sinter the uranium-containing tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blanks. During this process, the microwaves uniformly heat the ceramic blanks, transforming the geopolymer into geopolymer ceramics. Based on this, the high precision and high concentration characteristics of the laser are used to compensate for the hot spots and temperature unevenness that occur during the microwave heating ceramicization process, thereby achieving a more uniform and stable geopolymer ceramicization effect, allowing the tailings sand-based polymers to be sintered rapidly at a lower sintering temperature (700-900℃). Finally, the sintered tailings sand-based polymer ceramics are cooled to room temperature in the mold. This improves the ceramicization efficiency while significantly reducing energy consumption and curing time.

[0039] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, a screen 9 is provided between the pulverizing and stirring device 3 and the reaction device 4 described in this application. The mesh size of the screen 9 is 1-38 micrometers. With this structure, the pulverized raw materials can be screened to obtain powder of a specific size, ensuring uniform particle size and texture, which is beneficial to subsequent reactions.

[0040] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, a switching valve 10 is provided between the reaction device 4 and the mold 5 described in this application. The switching valve 10 is used to control the opening and closing of the discharge port of the reaction device 4. With this structure, the discharge port of the reaction device can be closed or opened as needed, so as to better control the preparation of the billet in the future.

[0041] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, the mold 5 described in this application is connected to a vibration device 11, which is used to compact the reactant material inside the mold 5. With this structure, the billet can be flattened under the vibration generated when the vibration device is running, and air bubbles can also be effectively eliminated.

[0042] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, the base 1 described in this application is also provided with a ventilation opening 102, which is used for heat dissipation. Specifically, a ventilation opening can be provided on each of the left and right sides of the upper surface of the base, so as to form a circulation and effectively dissipate the heat inside the base. With this structure, heat dissipation can be carried out in time to avoid the temperature inside the base from being too high.

[0043] As attached Figure 1-3As shown, the base 1 described in this application is provided with a main control module 103 and a display screen 104. The main control module is electrically connected to the crushing and stirring device, the microwave device, the laser device, the reaction device and the switching valve, and is used to drive the crushing and stirring device, the microwave device, the laser device, the reaction device and the switching valve to operate.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Using the apparatus of this application, firstly, tailings containing radioactive uranium (containing 37.60 mg / kg of radioactive uranium) is fed into a crushing and mixing device through the first feeding port for fine stirring and grinding to ensure uniform particle size and texture. Then, the material is filtered and sieved through a screen to precisely control the particle size between 30-35 micrometers. An alkaline activator (40% of the tailings weight) is prepared by mixing sodium hydroxide and water glass with a modulus of 3.3 at a ratio of 1:17. This activator is then magnetically stirred for five minutes in a reaction apparatus (such as a reaction vessel or beaker) and allowed to stand for 12 hours. Subsequently, a low-melting-point additive (copper oxide and boron oxide) obtained by combining copper oxide and boron oxide at a mass ratio of 2% (2% of the total uranium-containing tailings) is added to the reaction apparatus. The uranium-containing tailings sand was mixed with sieved uranium-containing tailings sand at a weight ratio of 1:1 to form a tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blank. The blank was then poured into a mold and vibrated to form the ceramic. It was cured in a curing chamber at 60℃ for 24 hours. After curing, a microwave device with a rated power of 100W was used to gradually increase the temperature at a rate of 10℃ / min, raising the temperature inside the mold to 850-900℃. Simultaneously, a laser device with a power of 60W and a spot size of 247 micrometers was used to sinter the uranium-containing tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blank for 70 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the tailings sand-based polymer ceramic was obtained, and its compressive strength was measured to be approximately 25 MPa. The obtained tailings sand-based polymer ceramic was then immersed in deionized water, and the uranium leaching rate on the 42nd day was 0.55 × 10⁻⁶. -6 cm / d (The uranium leaching rate in this application is in deionized water, which refers to pure water after removing impurities in ionic form).

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Using the apparatus of this application, an alkaline activator (40% of the tailings sand weight) was first prepared by mixing sodium hydroxide and water glass with a modulus of 3.3 at a ratio of 1:20. After magnetic stirring for five minutes in a beaker, the mixture was allowed to stand for 13 hours. Subsequently, 2.5% by mass of a low-melting-point additive composed of copper oxide and boron oxide (copper oxide and boron oxide weight ratio of 1:1.1) was added and mixed with sieved uranium-containing tailings sand (tailings sand prepared in Example 1) to form a tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blank. This blank was then poured into a mold and vibrated to form the ceramic. After curing in a curing chamber at 60°C for 24 hours, the blank was calcined for 80 minutes to 800°C to obtain a tailings sand-based polymer ceramic with a compressive strength of approximately 24 MPa. In deionized water, the uranium leaching rate on day 42 was 0.57 × 10⁻⁶. -6 cm / d.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] Solidified Body No. 1: Using water glass with a modulus of 3.3 (sodium hydroxide is not used in this example; only water glass with a modulus of 3.3 is used as an alkaline activator) as an alkaline activator solution, uranium tailings and coal gangue are weighed at a mass ratio of 3:7 and poured into the prepared alkaline activator solution (in this example, low-melting-point additives are not added). After mixing evenly, the mixture is poured into a 40mm×40mm×40mm steel mold and vibrated to form the solidified body. A layer of polyethylene film is then used to cover the opening surface of the mold. After curing at 60℃ and 98% relative humidity for 24 hours, the mold is released and then placed at room temperature for curing for 28 days. After 28 days of curing, the lowest static leaching concentrations of the uranium-soil solidified body are 15.94 mg / kg and 21.27 mg / kg, respectively, and the compressive strength is between 15-20 MPa.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] Solidified Body No. 2: Kaolin suspension and phosphoric acid solution were magnetically stirred at 90°C for 100 min; when the solution turned white, a phosphoric acid geopolymer slurry was obtained. 105 g of the above geopolymer slurry was added to 305 g of uranium tailings and stirred evenly (this example does not use the alkaline activator and low-melting-point additives in Examples 1-2 of this application; this example uses an acidic activator); then the mixture was placed in a metal mold and uniaxially pressed under a pressure of 150 MPa to form a cylindrical compacted part with a diameter of 50 mm and a height of approximately 80 mm; then calcined in a high-temperature furnace at 800°C for 30 min to obtain a solidified uranium tailings body with a maximum compressive strength of 18.96 MPa; the uranium leaching rate in deionized water on day 42 was 0.70 × 10⁻⁶. -6 cm / d.

[0052] Comparative Example 3

[0053] When using only a microwave device to prepare ceramics, everything else is the same as in Example 1; however, when using a microwave device alone for heating and sintering, the curing process requires a curing time of up to 5 hours and must be sintered at a high temperature of up to 1200°C to achieve solidification; the final ceramic strength is only 17 MPa, and the utilization rate of the tailings sand is only 70% (the crystal structure in the geopolymer can be determined based on X-ray diffraction; see attached document for details). Figure 4 The X-ray diffraction (XRD patterns of tailings sand and ceramic material geopolymers prepared after high-temperature sintering, as shown in this comparative example) allows us to determine the presence of unreacted tailings sand components. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) can measure the mass change of the geopolymer at different temperatures (thermogravimetric analysis spectra are attached). Figure 5 As shown), the content and degree of reaction of the tailings sand are inferred. Based on the above methods, it can be inferred that approximately how much tailings sand participated in the formation of geopolymers; Tailings sand utilization rate = (actual tailings sand mass used for ceramic preparation / total tailings sand mass) × 100%).

[0054] Comparative Example 4

[0055] When using only a laser device to prepare ceramics, everything else is the same as in Example 1; when using laser heating alone for sintering and solidification, the time is 70 min, and the sintering temperature needs to be increased to 1100℃. As a result, the strength of the ceramics is lower, only 11 MPa, and the tailings sand utilization rate is only 65%.

[0056] As can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative embodiments, this application, by combining microwave and laser, and simultaneously selecting specific activators and low-melting-point additives, can achieve the production of ceramic materials with excellent mechanical properties, stable chemical properties, and low radioactive element leaching rates under conditions of lower temperature and shorter sintering time. The role of microwave in this application is to uniformly heat the ceramic blank, promoting the transformation of geopolymer into geopolymer ceramic; while the laser, with its high precision and high concentration characteristics, accurately compensates for the hot spots and temperature unevenness that may occur during microwave heating. This dual-action mechanism ensures a more uniform and stable geopolymer ceramicization process, thereby obtaining geopolymer ceramic cured materials with superior performance.

Claims

1. A method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics, characterized in that: This method utilizes a tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device with dual microwave and laser consolidation effects. The specific preparation steps include: (1) First, the tailings sand is fed into the crushing and grinding device from the first feeding port, and then crushed and ground to obtain powder with uniform particle size and texture; (2) Then, the alkaline activator is introduced into the reaction device through the second feeding port to complete the preparation of the composite activator; the obtained powder material is filtered and screened through a screen to obtain material with a particle size of 1-38 micrometers, and the material enters the reaction device; subsequently, the low melting point additive is added to the reaction device and stirred to form tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blank. (3) Open the switch valve and inject the ceramic blank into the pre-set mold, and cure it at a temperature of 50-70℃ for 20-48 hours; (4) After the curing period, the mold is heated by a microwave device at a rate of 8-12℃ / min until the temperature reaches 700-900℃. At the same time, a laser device is used to sinter the uranium tailings sand-based polymer ceramic blank. In this process, the microwave will first uniformly heat the ceramic blank to convert the geopolymer into geopolymer ceramic. On this basis, the high precision and high concentration of the laser will be used to compensate for the hot spots and temperature unevenness that occur during the microwave heating ceramicization process. The tailings sand-based polymer ceramic after sintering is cooled to room temperature in the sintering device. The alkaline activator is a mixture of sodium hydroxide and water glass with a modulus of 3.3 in a weight ratio of 1:12-20. The low melting point additive is a mixture of copper oxide and boron oxide in a weight ratio of 1:0.8-1.

2.

2. The method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tailings sand-based polymer ceramic sintering device with dual consolidation effects of microwave and laser comprises a base, within which, from top to bottom, are arranged a feeding port, a crushing and stirring device, a reaction device connected to the crushing and stirring device, and a mold connected to the reaction device. A laser source is disposed outside the mold, and a microwave device and a laser device are disposed at the bottom of the mold. The microwave device and the laser device are used to act on the material inside the mold. The feeding port includes a first feeding port and a second feeding port. The first feeding port is connected to the crushing and stirring device, and the second feeding port is connected to the reaction device.

3. The method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that: A screen is provided between the pulverizing and stirring device and the reaction device, and the mesh size of the screen is 1-38 micrometers.

4. The method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that: A switching valve is provided between the reaction device and the mold, and the switching valve is used to control the opening and closing of the discharge port of the reaction device.

5. The method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mold is connected to a vibration device, which is used to compact the reactants inside the mold; the base is also provided with a ventilation opening, which is used for heat dissipation.

6. The method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base is equipped with a main control module and a display screen. The main control module is electrically connected to the crushing and stirring device, the microwave device, the laser device, the reaction device, and the switching valve, and is used to drive the crushing and stirring device, the microwave device, the laser device, the reaction device, and the switching valve to operate.

7. The method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rated power of the microwave device in step (4) is 100W. The alkaline activator accounts for 35-45% of the total weight of the raw materials. The specific preparation process is to mix sodium hydroxide and water glass with a modulus of 3.3, stir and react in the reaction device for 3-10 minutes, and then let it stand for 10-15 hours.

8. The method for preparing tailings sand-based polymer ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser device has a power of 60W and a spot size of 247 micrometers; the low-melting-point additive is added at a rate of 1-3% of the raw material weight; the tailings sand is uranium tailings sand or rare earth tailings sand, with a radioactivity content of 37.51 mg / kg or higher.

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