A high-density long-life efficient solid hydrogen storage device of coiled magnesium base

Abstract

This invention discloses a coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, and high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device, comprising a tank, a heat collection layer at the bottom of the tank's inner side, a filter at the top of the tank's inner side, and a buffer isolation layer and coiled hydrogen storage units arranged alternately inside the tank. A high thermal conductivity graphene tube is vertically arranged inside the tank, with its bottom positioned on the surface of the heat collection layer, passing through the buffer isolation layer and the coiled hydrogen storage units sequentially, and its top positioned above the uppermost coiled hydrogen storage unit and below the filter. This invention increases hydrogen storage capacity while ensuring a long service life, thus powerfully propelling solid-state hydrogen storage technology to a new level.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage, and specifically relates to a curled magnesium-based high-density long-life high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device. Background Art

[0002] Due to its cleanliness and high efficiency, hydrogen energy is regarded as a highly promising secondary energy source by the global scientific research community and industrial community, and has triggered an upsurge of in-depth research and extensive application. However, in the hydrogen energy industrial chain, the technical bottleneck in the hydrogen storage and transportation link significantly restricts the comprehensive promotion of hydrogen energy. To break through this limitation, the key problem to be solved urgently is to improve hydrogen storage efficiency and reduce storage and transportation costs, which has become the strategic focus of research and development of hydrogen energy storage and transportation technology.

[0003] At present, the practically applied hydrogen storage methods mainly include two categories, namely high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage and low-temperature liquid hydrogen storage, as well as the solid-state hydrogen storage technology that is attracting increasing attention. Among them, solid-state hydrogen storage technology realizes safe and stable storage of hydrogen through the chemical or physical adsorption reaction between hydrogen and specific hydrogen storage materials. Compared with traditional hydrogen storage methods, solid-state hydrogen storage technology shows significant advantages, such as high hydrogen storage density, low operating pressure, excellent safety performance and reliable guarantee of high hydrogen purity, which makes it stand out among many hydrogen storage solutions and become an important trend for the future development of hydrogen storage technology.

[0004] Against this background, the research and development planning focusing on magnesium-based high-capacity long-life solid-state hydrogen storage devices is carried out. Due to its unique electrode potential, abundant reserves and the possibility of reacting with hydrogen to form high-capacity hydrogen storage alloys, magnesium provides new possibilities for constructing efficient and durable solid-state hydrogen storage systems.

[0005] However, although certain progress has been made in the current research and application of magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage devices, there are still a series of technical challenges and room for improvement. First, the hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics performance of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials needs to be optimized. Especially in terms of hydrogen absorption rate and dehydrogenation rate, existing magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys generally have the problems of slow hydrogen absorption and difficult dehydrogenation, which affects their meeting the demand for rapid hydrogen charging and discharging. Second, the cycle stability of magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage devices is still not ideal. After multiple hydrogen absorption and desorption cycles, the hydrogen storage capacity may decrease significantly, which seriously restricts the reliability and economic benefits of its long-term service. Furthermore, the hydride formed during the reaction between magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen has a complex structure, which may cause the hydrogen storage capacity to fail to reach the theoretical limit, and may also cause side reactions such as volume expansion, affecting the overall stability and safety of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a coiled magnesium-based high-density long-life high-efficiency solid hydrogen storage device. This solid hydrogen storage device can improve the hydrogen storage capacity while ensuring its long service life, thereby powerfully promoting the solid hydrogen storage technology to a new level.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid hydrogen storage device includes a tank, a heat collection layer at the bottom inside the tank, a filter at the top inside the tank, and a buffer isolation layer and a coiled hydrogen storage unit inside the tank, wherein the buffer isolation layer and the coiled hydrogen storage unit are arranged at intervals.

[0009] The tank is vertically installed with a high thermal conductivity graphene tube. The bottom of the high thermal conductivity graphene tube is located on the surface of the heat collection layer, passing through the buffer isolation layer and the coiled hydrogen storage unit in sequence. The top is located above the uppermost coiled hydrogen storage unit and below the filter.

[0010] The surface of the tank is equipped with a gas valve, and the filter includes a semi-permeable membrane and a catalytic column. The catalytic column is located on the ground of the semi-permeable membrane and above the high thermal conductivity graphene tube.

[0011] The coiled hydrogen storage unit includes a magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer, a graphene thermal conductive layer, a transition metal foam catalytic layer, and a selectively permeable encapsulation layer.

[0012] A magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer is placed in the middle, a graphene thermal conductive layer is placed on top of the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer, and a transition metal foam catalyst layer is placed at the bottom of the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer. The strip after stacking the three layers is rolled up along one end and wrapped with a selectively permeable wrapping layer on the surface of the finally rolled structure to form a rolled hydrogen storage unit.

[0013] The graphene thermally conductive layer in the coiled hydrogen storage unit rapidly conducts heat during hydrogen absorption and desorption; the transition metal foam catalyst layer improves the thermodynamic performance of hydrogen absorption and desorption; the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer can safely store hydrogen at high density; and the selectively permeable coating layer effectively blocks impurities (water molecules, oxygen molecules, etc.) from poisoning the hydrogen storage layer, which helps to improve the system activation characteristics.

[0014] The magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer has a graphene thermal conductive layer as the thermal conductive layer, a transition metal foam catalytic layer as the catalytic layer, and gaps in the rolled structure formed by the selectively permeable encapsulation layer, which provide convenient channels for the rapid migration of gas molecules / atoms or provide space for volume and stress buffering during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process.

[0015] The magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer, graphene thermal conductive layer, and transition metal foam catalyst layer are integrated into one unit through a filler material.

[0016] The heat management system consists of a heat collection layer at the bottom of the tank (magnesium brick heat storage or concrete heat storage), a high thermal conductivity graphene heat collection rod at the center of the tank, and a graphene thermal conductive layer in the rolled gas storage unit.

[0017] The heat collection layer is made of high specific heat capacity magnesium bricks or concrete heat storage materials, which can efficiently store the heat generated during the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction process to compensate for the subsequent hydrogen storage process and improve the system energy efficiency.

[0018] The heat collection layer is a porous magnesium brick or concrete heat storage material with a high specific heat capacity. The high thermal conductivity graphene tube is connected to the graphene thermal conductive layer in each coiled hydrogen storage unit. It has excellent thermal conductivity and can efficiently collect the heat released in each coiled hydrogen storage unit during the hydrogen absorption process. It can also efficiently transfer the heat in the heat collection layer to the hydrogen storage layer in each coiled hydrogen storage unit during the hydrogen release process.

[0019] The gas transmission system consists of valves at the top of the tank, filter sheets with semi-permeable membranes and catalytic columns, gaps in the rolled-up hydrogen storage unit, and channels in the porous buffer isolation layer.

[0020] The filter is a circular structure with the same diameter as the upper part of the hydrogen storage bottle, and it is made of a high-purity titanium plate (for support). The high-purity titanium plate has small circular holes of the same diameter, and the small circular holes are covered by a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) membrane. The PMMA membrane is used to filter the gas to obtain high-purity hydrogen. Multiple high-purity nickel catalytic columns with a diameter of 1 cm are vertically installed below the high-purity titanium plate. The high-purity nickel catalytic columns are used to catalyze the dissociation of hydrogen molecules.

[0021] The valve is installed directly above the cylindrical tank.

[0022] The buffer isolation layer is specifically shaped as a thin cylindrical sheet with the same diameter as the hydrogen storage tank. Its internal structure is a porous foam structure, which is used to buffer the volume and stress between the coiled hydrogen storage units during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process.

[0023] The curling gaps in the curled hydrogen storage unit, the selectively permeable wrapping layer on the outer layer of the curled hydrogen storage unit, and the buffer isolation layer between the curled hydrogen storage units constitute a stress buffering system; the buffer isolation layer is a porous thin cylindrical sheet, which is arranged at intervals with the curled hydrogen storage units, and has both volume buffering effect and stress buffering effect.

[0024] The axial stress of the coiled hydrogen storage unit is relieved by the buffer isolation layer between each coiled hydrogen storage unit, and the radial stress of the coiled hydrogen storage unit is mainly borne by the coiling gap inside the fully coiled hydrogen storage unit.

[0025] A method for using a coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, and high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device includes the following steps;

[0026] The graphene thermally conductive layer efficiently collects the heat released by the magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer in each coiled hydrogen storage unit during the hydrogen storage process, and recovers it to the heat collection layer at the bottom of the solid hydrogen storage tank through a high thermal conductivity graphene tube.

[0027] The graphene thermally conductive layer placed in the middle has good thermal conductivity. During the hydrogen absorption and heat release process, it conducts the heat from the higher-temperature magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer to the lower heat collection layer; during the hydrogen release and heat absorption process, it transfers the heat from the heat collection layer to the magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer.

[0028] When the uppermost coiled hydrogen storage unit is close to saturation, the gas medium passes through the coiled gaps inside the hydrogen storage unit, then through the selective permeable wrapping layer of the hydrogen storage unit, and is transported to the adjacent coiled hydrogen storage unit below by means of the pipe inside the buffer isolation layer.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0030] Firstly, the coiled hydrogen storage unit design can efficiently utilize magnesium-rich composite hydrogen storage strips, ensuring a high mass transfer and high thermal conductivity environment while achieving high-density filling of hydrogen storage materials, thus laying an excellent structural foundation for high-capacity and long-life hydrogen energy storage.

[0031] Secondly, the efficient integration of a magnesium-rich hydrogen storage layer, a graphene thermal conductive layer, and a transition metal catalytic layer, stacking functional layers that perform hydrogen storage, catalysis, and heat conduction tasks, and achieving high-density filling through curling, while optimizing medium transport conditions through the setting of curling gaps, realizes an integrated structural and functional design. This not only maximizes the excellent hydrogen absorption and desorption thermodynamic performance of the hydrogen storage material, but also ensures good heat and mass transfer conditions in the hydrogen storage unit, and effectively alleviates stress and volume, laying the foundation for high-capacity and long-life hydrogen storage.

[0032] Thirdly, the stress buffering system, consisting of the curling gaps in the curled hydrogen storage unit, the selectively permeable wrapping layer on the outer layer of the curled hydrogen storage unit, and the buffer isolation layer between the curled hydrogen storage units, can effectively buffer the stress during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, minimizing its damage to the internal units and hydrogen storage layer structure of the hydrogen storage device, and achieving long-cycle, high-capacity solid-state hydrogen storage effect.

[0033] Fourthly, the heat management system, consisting of a heat collection layer at the bottom of the tank (magnesium brick heat storage or concrete heat storage), a high thermal conductivity graphene heat collection rod at the center of the tank, and a graphene thermal conductive layer in the rolled gas storage unit, can efficiently regulate, recover, manage, and utilize heat, ensuring the safe storage of hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage device while reducing system energy consumption and achieving efficient hydrogen energy storage. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, and high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] according to Figure 1 A coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device includes a coiled gas storage system, a heat management system, a gas transmission system, a stress buffer system, and an external tank system.

[0037] The coiled gas storage system is used for the high-density and safe storage of hydrogen in a solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0038] The thermal management system is used for thermal management during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process of the solid-state hydrogen storage device;

[0039] The gas transfer system is used for gas transfer in high-density safe hydrogen storage in solid-state hydrogen storage devices.

[0040] The stress buffering system is used for stress buffering during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process of the solid hydrogen storage device.

[0041] The external tank system is used to integrate a gas storage system, a heat management system, a gas transmission system, and a stress buffer system to construct a curved magnesium-based high-density, long-life, and high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device.

[0042] The coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device consists of an external tank system (tank 1 + valve + filter 3), a coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 (hydrogen storage layer + thermally conductive layer + catalytic layer + selectively permeable coating layer 10), a thermal management system (graphite thermally conductive layer + graphite thermally conductive rod + heat collection layer 2), a gas transmission system (valve + filter 3 + coiled gap in coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 + gap in buffer isolation layer 4), and a stress buffering system (coiled gap in coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 + selectively permeable coating layer 10 + buffer isolation layer 4).

[0043] A heat collection layer 2 is provided at the bottom inside the tank 1, and a filter sheet 3 is provided at the top inside the tank 1. A buffer isolation layer 4 and a coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 are provided inside the tank 1, and the buffer isolation layer 4 and the coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 are arranged at intervals.

[0044] A high thermal conductivity graphene tube 6 is vertically arranged inside the tank body 1. The bottom of the high thermal conductivity graphene tube 6 is located on the surface of the heat collection layer 2, passing through the buffer isolation layer 4 and the coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 in sequence. The top is located above the uppermost coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 and below the filter sheet 3.

[0045] The surface of the tank 1 is provided with a gas valve, and the filter 3 includes a semi-permeable membrane 11 and a catalytic column 12. The catalytic column 12 is located on the ground of the semi-permeable membrane 11 and above the high thermal conductivity graphene tube 6.

[0046] The coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 includes a magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer 7, a graphene thermal conductive layer 8, a transition metal foam catalytic layer 9, and a selectively permeable encapsulation layer 10.

[0047] The magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer 7 is placed in the middle position, the graphene thermal conductive layer 8 is placed on the upper part of the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer 7, and the transition metal foam catalyst layer 9 is placed at the bottom of the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer 7. The strip after the three layers are stacked is rolled up along one end and wrapped with a selectively permeable wrapping layer 10 on the surface of the finally rolled structure to finally form the rolled hydrogen storage unit 5.

[0048] The graphene thermally conductive layer 8 in the coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 rapidly conducts heat during hydrogen absorption and desorption; the transition metal foam catalyst layer 9 improves the thermodynamic performance of hydrogen absorption and desorption during the process; the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer 7 can safely store hydrogen at high density; and the selectively permeable encapsulation layer 10 effectively blocks impurities (water molecules, oxygen molecules, etc.) from poisoning the hydrogen storage layer, which helps to improve the system activation characteristics.

[0049] The gaps in the rolled structure formed by the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer 7, the thermally conductive layer 8 (graphene thermally conductive layer), the catalytic layer 9 (transition metal foam catalytic layer), and the selectively permeable encapsulation layer 10 provide convenient channels for the rapid migration of gas molecules / atoms or provide space for volume and stress buffering during hydrogen absorption and desorption. This helps to improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate and cycle life of the hydrogen storage device.

[0050] The magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer 7, the graphene thermal conductive layer 8, and the transition metal foam catalyst layer 9 are integrated into one unit through a filling material. This ensures good hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics of the material, while also ensuring good heat transfer, gas transfer, and volume buffering within the gas storage system, laying a structural foundation for the system's good cycle stability.

[0051] The heat management system consists of the bottom heat collection layer 2 (magnesium brick heat storage or concrete heat storage), the high thermal conductivity graphene heat collection rod in the center of the tank 1, and the graphene thermal conductive layer 8 in the rolled gas storage unit.

[0052] The heat collection layer 2 is made of high specific heat capacity magnesium bricks or concrete heat storage materials, which can efficiently store the heat generated during the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction process to compensate for the subsequent hydrogen storage process and improve the system energy efficiency.

[0053] The heat collection layer 2 is a porous magnesium brick or concrete heat storage material with a high specific heat capacity. The high thermal conductivity graphene tube 6 is connected to the graphene thermally conductive layer 8 in each coiled hydrogen storage unit 5. It has excellent thermal conductivity and can efficiently collect the heat released in each coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 during the hydrogen absorption process. It can also efficiently transfer the heat in the heat collection layer 2 to the hydrogen storage layer in each coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 during the hydrogen release process.

[0054] The gas transmission system consists of the valve at the top of the tank 1, the filter 3 with a semi-permeable membrane 11 and a catalytic column 12, the gaps in the coiled hydrogen storage unit 5, and the channels in the porous buffer isolation layer 4.

[0055] The filter 3 is a circular structure with the same diameter as the upper part of the hydrogen storage bottle. It is made of a high-purity titanium plate (for support). The high-purity titanium plate has small circular holes of the same diameter, and the small circular holes are covered by a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) membrane. The PMMA membrane is used to filter the gas to obtain high-purity hydrogen. Multiple high-purity nickel catalytic columns 12 with a diameter of 1 cm are vertically installed below the high-purity titanium plate. The high-purity nickel catalytic columns 12 are used to catalyze the dissociation of hydrogen molecules.

[0056] The valve is installed directly above the cylindrical tank 1.

[0057] The permeable coating layer is the outermost coating layer of the coiled hydrogen storage unit 5, which is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) film. It is used to isolate impurity gas molecules from entering the next hydrogen storage unit and can effectively alleviate the volume expansion of the coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 during hydrogen absorption.

[0058] The buffer isolation layer 4 is specifically shaped as a thin cylindrical sheet with the same diameter as the hydrogen storage tank 1, and its internal structure is a porous foam structure, which is used to buffer the volume and stress between the coiled hydrogen storage units 5 during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process.

[0059] The curling gaps in the curled hydrogen storage unit 5, the selectively permeable wrapping layer 10 on the outer layer of the curled hydrogen storage unit, and the buffer isolation layer 4 between the curled hydrogen storage units constitute a stress buffering system; the buffer isolation layer 4 is a porous thin cylindrical sheet, which is arranged at intervals with the curled hydrogen storage unit 5, and has both volume buffering effect and stress buffering effect.

[0060] The axial stress of the coiled hydrogen storage unit is relieved by the buffer isolation layer 4 between each coiled hydrogen storage unit, and the radial stress of the coiled hydrogen storage unit is mainly borne by the coiling gap inside the fully coiled hydrogen storage unit.

[0061] A method for using a coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, and high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device includes the following steps;

[0062] The graphene thermally conductive layer 8 efficiently collects the heat released by the magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer 7 in each coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 during the hydrogen storage process, and recovers it to the heat collection layer 2 at the bottom of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 through the high thermal conductivity graphene tube 6.

[0063] The graphene thermally conductive layer 8 placed in the middle has good thermal conductivity. During the hydrogen absorption and heat release process, it conducts the heat from the higher temperature magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer 7 to the lower heat collection layer 2; during the hydrogen release and heat absorption process, it transfers the heat from the heat collection layer 2 to the magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer 7.

[0064] When the uppermost coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 is close to saturation in terms of hydrogen absorption, the gas medium passes through the coiled gap inside the hydrogen storage unit, and then through the selective permeable wrapping layer 10 of the hydrogen storage unit, and is transported to the adjacent coiled hydrogen storage unit 5 below by means of the pipe inside the buffer isolation layer 4.

[0065] This invention aims to innovatively develop a high-performance solid-state hydrogen storage device based on magnesium-based materials, in order to further improve hydrogen storage capacity while ensuring its long service life, thereby powerfully promoting solid-state hydrogen storage technology to a new level and serving a wider range of application scenarios.

[0066] This invention utilizes an integrated synthesis and regulation strategy to obtain magnesium-rich hydrogen storage strips with optimized composition and microstructure. Through the internal structural design and rational material filling of the solid-state hydrogen storage device, excellent mass and heat transfer conditions are ensured, laying the foundation for superior hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics and long cycle life. This effectively suppresses capacity decay during cycling and significantly extends the lifespan of the solid-state hydrogen storage device. This contributes to promoting the application of solid-state hydrogen storage devices and supporting the achievement of dual-carbon goals.

Claims

1. A coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device, characterized in that, The tank includes a tank body (1), a heat collection layer (2) is provided at the bottom inside the tank body (1), a filter sheet (3) is provided at the top inside the tank body (1), and a buffer isolation layer (4) and a coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) are provided inside the tank body (1), with the buffer isolation layer (4) and the coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) arranged at intervals. The tank (1) is vertically equipped with a high thermal conductivity graphene tube (6). The bottom of the high thermal conductivity graphene tube (6) is set on the surface of the heat collection layer (2), passes through the buffer isolation layer (4) and the coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) in sequence, and the top is located above the uppermost coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) and below the filter (3). The coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) includes a magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer (7), a graphene thermal conductive layer (8), a transition metal foam catalyst layer (9), and a selectively permeable encapsulation layer (10). The magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer (7) is placed in the middle position, the graphene thermal conductive layer (8) is placed on the upper part of the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer (7), and the transition metal foam catalyst layer (9) is placed at the bottom of the magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer (7). The strip after the three layers are stacked is rolled up along one end and wrapped with a selectively permeable wrapping layer (10) on the surface of the finally rolled structure to finally form a rolled hydrogen storage unit (5).

2. The coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the tank (1) is provided with a gas valve, and the filter (3) includes a semi-permeable membrane (11) and a catalyst column (12). The catalyst column (12) is located on the bottom surface of the semi-permeable membrane (11) and above the high thermal conductivity graphene tube (6).

3. The coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The selective permeable coating layer (10) is the outermost coating layer of the coiled hydrogen storage unit (5), which is made of polymethyl methacrylate film and is used to isolate impurity gas molecules from entering the next hydrogen storage unit. The buffer isolation layer (4) is specifically shaped as a porous thin cylindrical sheet with the same diameter as the hydrogen storage tank (1), and its internal structure is a porous foam structure, which is used to buffer the volume and stress between the coiled hydrogen storage units (5) during the hydrogen absorption and desorption process. The curling gap in the curled hydrogen storage unit (5), the selectively permeable wrapping layer (10) on the outer layer of the curled hydrogen storage unit (5), and the buffer isolation layer (4) between the curled hydrogen storage units (5) constitute a stress buffering system. The axial stress of the coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) is relieved by the buffer isolation layer (4) between each coiled hydrogen storage unit, and the radial stress of the coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) is borne by the coiled gap inside the coiled hydrogen storage unit (5).

4. The coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thermally conductive layer is a graphene thermally conductive layer (8), and the catalytic layer is a transition metal foam catalytic layer (9). The gaps in the curled structure formed by the selectively permeable wrapping layer (10) provide a convenient channel for the rapid migration of gas molecules / atoms or provide space for the volume and stress buffer of the hydrogen absorption and desorption process.

5. A coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The magnesium-rich alloy hydrogen storage layer (7), the graphene thermal conductive layer (8), and the transition metal foam catalyst layer (9) are integrated into one unit through a filler material.

6. The coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat management system consists of the bottom heat collection layer (2) of the tank (1), the high thermal conductivity graphene tube (6) in the center of the tank (1), and the graphene thermal conductive layer (8) in the coiled hydrogen storage unit (5); the high thermal conductivity graphene tube (6) is a high thermal conductivity graphene heat collection rod. The heat collection layer (2) efficiently stores the heat generated during the hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction process to compensate for the subsequent hydrogen storage process. The heat collection layer (2) is a porous magnesium brick or concrete heat storage material with a large specific heat capacity, and the high thermal conductivity graphene tube (6) is connected to the graphene thermal conductive layer (8) in each coiled hydrogen storage unit (5).

7. A coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas transmission system consists of the upper valve of the tank (1), the filter (3) with a semi-permeable membrane (11) and a catalyst column (12), the gaps in the coiled hydrogen storage unit (5), and the channels in the porous buffer isolation layer (4); The filter (3) is a circular structure with the same diameter as the upper part of the hydrogen storage bottle. It is made of a high-purity titanium plate. The high-purity titanium plate has small circular holes with the same diameter. The small circular holes are covered by a polymethyl methacrylate membrane. The polymethyl methacrylate membrane is used to filter the gas and obtain high-purity hydrogen. Multiple high-purity nickel catalyst columns (12) with a diameter of 1 cm are vertically installed below the high-purity titanium plate. The high-purity nickel catalyst columns (12) are used to catalyze the dissociation of hydrogen molecules.

8. The method of using a coiled magnesium-based high-density, long-life, high-efficiency solid-state hydrogen storage device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; The graphene thermal conductive layer (8) efficiently collects the heat released by the magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer (7) in each coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) during the hydrogen storage process, and recovers it to the heat collection layer (2) at the bottom of the solid hydrogen storage tank (1) through the high thermal conductivity graphene tube (6). The graphene thermal conductive layer (8) placed in the middle has good thermal conductivity. During the hydrogen absorption and heat release process, the heat from the higher temperature part of the magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer (7) is conducted to the lower heat collection layer (2); during the hydrogen release and heat absorption process, the heat in the heat collection layer (2) is transferred to the magnesium alloy hydrogen storage layer (7). When the uppermost coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) is close to saturation in terms of hydrogen absorption, the gas medium passes through the coiled gap inside the hydrogen storage unit, and then through the selective permeable wrapping layer (10) of the hydrogen storage unit, and is transported to the adjacent coiled hydrogen storage unit (5) below by means of the pipe inside the buffer isolation layer (4).

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