A positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology and discloses a positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool. The mechanism includes a base, a support frame fixedly mounted on the top of the base, a moving component mounted on the top of the support frame, a fixed frame fixedly mounted at the bottom of the moving component (the piston rod end of a first hydraulic cylinder), a motor fixedly mounted at the bottom of the fixed frame, and a cutting head fixedly mounted at the output end of the motor. Second hydraulic cylinders are fixedly mounted on both sides of the top of the base, pressure sensors fixedly mounted at the piston rod ends of the second hydraulic cylinders, a first clamping plate fixedly mounted on the side wall of the pressure sensors, a liquid supply tank fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support frame, and a liquid pump fixedly mounted inside the liquid supply tank. This positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool can automatically adjust the clamping force on the workpiece, avoiding crush damage. It also includes a workpiece pre-marking pen, allowing for pre-marking of machining positions on the workpiece surface, improving the accuracy of the cutting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, specifically to a positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Metal cutting is a material removal and forming method in metal forming processes. It still accounts for a large proportion of modern mechanical manufacturing. The metal cutting process is an interaction between the workpiece and the cutting tool. The cutting tool removes excess metal from the workpiece and, under the premise of controlling productivity and cost, enables the workpiece to obtain geometric accuracy, dimensional accuracy and surface quality that meet the design and process requirements. The metal cutting process is carried out by machine tools.

[0003] Among them, the publication (announcement) number CN219212275U discloses a positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool, including a machine tool body. The machine tool body is provided with a metal positioning structure. The metal positioning structure includes a first outer shell. The surface of the first outer shell is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the machine tool body. The inner wall of the first outer shell is fixedly connected to a first motor. The output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to a lead screw. The surface of the lead screw is threadedly connected to a threaded seat. Both sides of the threaded seat are movably connected to a first straight rod and a second straight rod through pins. The first straight rod and the second straight rod are movably connected to an L-rod through pins. The second straight rod is movably connected to a rocker arm through pins. The rocker arm is movably connected to the inner wall of the first outer shell through pins. The L-rod is fixedly connected to a clamping plate. The two clamping plates pass through the first outer shell and are slidably connected to a slide rail machined on the first outer shell.

[0004] In the above-mentioned scheme, a motor drives a lead screw to rotate, bringing the two clamping plates closer together and positioning the workpiece. However, in actual use, it has been found that if the clamping force of the clamping plates is too large during the clamping and positioning process for workpieces of different materials, it will cause extrusion damage to the surface of the workpiece, thus affecting the quality of the product. In addition, the lack of a corresponding pre-marking positioning structure causes the cutting head to directly machine on the surface of the workpiece, affecting the accuracy of workpiece machining. Therefore, a positioning mechanism for metal cutting machine tools is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a positioning mechanism for metal cutting machine tools that can automatically adjust the clamping force on the workpiece to avoid crushing damage. It also features a workpiece pre-marking pen that can pre-mark the machining position on the workpiece surface, improving the accuracy of cutting and solving the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool, comprising a base, a support frame fixedly mounted on the top of the base, a moving component mounted on the top of the support frame, a fixed frame fixedly mounted at the bottom of the moving component at the piston rod end of a first hydraulic cylinder, a motor fixedly mounted at the bottom of the fixed frame, and a cutting head fixedly mounted at the output end of the motor; second hydraulic cylinders fixedly mounted on both sides of the top of the base, pressure sensors fixedly mounted at the piston rod ends of the second hydraulic cylinders, a first clamping plate fixedly mounted on the side wall of the pressure sensor, a liquid supply tank fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support frame, a liquid pump fixedly mounted inside the liquid supply tank, a liquid supply pipe fixedly mounted at the output end of the liquid pump, and the end of the liquid supply pipe fixedly connected to the second hydraulic cylinder; a PLC controller fixedly mounted on the side wall of the support frame, and the first hydraulic cylinder, motor, pressure sensor, second hydraulic cylinder, and liquid pump all electrically connected to the PLC controller; and workpiece pre-marking pens located at the bottom of the fixed frame and on both sides of the motor.

[0009] Preferably, a second clamping plate is provided on both sides of the first clamping plate, and a third hydraulic cylinder is fixedly provided inside both sides of the first clamping plate. The piston rod end of the third hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second clamping plate, and an infrared transmitter and an infrared receiver are respectively fixedly embedded inside the side of the second clamping plate on both sides.

[0010] Preferably, the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fluid supply pipe, and both the infrared transmitter and the infrared receiver are electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing frame has mounting openings on both sides, the workpiece pre-marking pen passes through the interior of the mounting opening, and the workpiece pre-marking pen is elastically rotatably disposed inside the mounting opening. A double-headed hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed inside the fixing frame, and pull ropes are fixedly installed at the ends of the two piston rods of the double-headed hydraulic cylinder. The ends of the two pull ropes are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens.

[0012] Preferably, the rod wall of the workpiece pre-marking pen is fixedly disposed inside the mounting port via a rotating shaft, and a torsion spring is sleeved on the shaft wall of the rotating shaft, with the two ends of the torsion spring being fixedly connected to the workpiece pre-marking pen and the mounting port, respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the pull rope is made of steel wire rope.

[0014] Preferably, the lower ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens are both located below the cutting head, and the lower ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens are in contact.

[0015] Preferably, a tool relief groove is provided at the top of the base and below the cutting head, and a tool relief plate is provided inside the tool relief groove. Two telescopic rods are symmetrically fixed between the lower surface of the tool relief plate and the bottom of the tool relief groove, and springs are sleeved on the walls of the two telescopic rods.

[0016] Preferably, the moving component employs an X-axis lead screw drive mechanism and a Y-axis lead screw drive mechanism.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a positioning mechanism for metal cutting machine tools, which has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The positioning mechanism of this metal cutting machine tool, through a pressure sensor and a PLC controller, controls the operation of a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump discharges oil from the supply tank into the second hydraulic cylinder, causing the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder to extend and move the first clamping plate. This causes the first clamping plate to contact the side wall of the workpiece. During the contact between the first clamping plate and the workpiece, the pressure sensor value gradually increases. When the pressure sensor reaches the set value, it sends a signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller then controls the hydraulic pump to either stop continuously supplying oil or to draw back a portion of the oil from the second hydraulic cylinder. This adjusts the clamping force of the clamping plate on the workpiece, preventing damage to the workpiece.

[0020] 2. The positioning mechanism of this metal cutting machine tool, through the workpiece pre-marking pen, when the PLC controller controls the first hydraulic cylinder to extend, causes the motor and cutting head to move down until the workpiece pre-marking pen contacts the surface of the workpiece, thereby enabling pre-marking on the surface of the workpiece.

[0021] 3. The positioning mechanism of this metal cutting machine tool, through the provision of a second clamping plate, a third hydraulic cylinder, an infrared transmitter, and an infrared receiver, can detect the size of the workpiece area when the workpiece is large. Then, the PLC controller controls the extension of the third hydraulic cylinder, making the distance between the second clamping plate and the first clamping plate adjustable. This ensures that the first and second clamping plates simultaneously clamp the side of the workpiece, improving the positioning stability of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool proposed in this invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the second hydraulic cylinders and the first clamping plate on both sides;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed frame, motor, and cutting head;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the retracting blade.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Support frame; 3. Moving component; 4. First hydraulic cylinder; 5. Fixed frame; 6. Motor; 7. Cutting head; 8. Second hydraulic cylinder; 9. Pressure sensor; 10. First clamping plate; 11. Liquid supply tank; 12. Liquid pump; 13. PLC controller; 14. Second clamping plate; 15. Third hydraulic cylinder; 16. Infrared transmitter; 17. Infrared receiver; 18. Double-headed hydraulic cylinder; 19. Pull rope; 20. Rotating shaft; 21. Torsion spring; 22. Retracting plate; 23. Telescopic rod; 24. Spring; 25. Workpiece pre-marking pen. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Please see Figure 1-4A positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool includes a base 1, a support frame 2 fixedly mounted on the top of the base 1, a moving component 3 mounted on the top of the support frame 2, the moving component 3 employing an X-axis lead screw drive mechanism and a Y-axis lead screw drive mechanism, a fixed frame 5 fixedly mounted at the end of the piston rod of a first hydraulic cylinder 4 fixedly mounted at the bottom of the moving component 3, a motor 6 fixedly mounted at the bottom of the fixed frame 5, and a cutting head 7 fixedly mounted at the output end of the motor 6. The motor 6 drives the cutting head 7 to rotate, and the moving component 3 simultaneously drives the motor 6 and the cutting head 7 to move horizontally, thereby enabling multi-directional cutting processing on the surface of the workpiece; second hydraulic cylinders 8 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the top of the base 1, pressure sensors 9 are fixedly mounted at the end of the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 8, and a first clamping plate 10 is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the pressure sensor 9; the side wall of the support frame 2 is fixedly mounted with... There is a liquid supply tank 11, and a liquid pump 12 is fixedly installed inside the liquid supply tank 11. A liquid supply pipe is fixedly installed at the output end of the liquid pump 12. The end of the liquid supply pipe is fixedly connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 8. A PLC controller 13 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the support frame 2. The first hydraulic cylinder 4, motor 6, pressure sensor 9, second hydraulic cylinder 8 and liquid pump 12 are all electrically connected to the PLC controller 13. A second clamping plate 14 is provided on both sides of the first clamping plate 10. A third hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixedly installed inside both sides of the first clamping plate 10. The piston rod end of the third hydraulic cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second clamping plate 14. An infrared transmitter 16 and an infrared receiver 17 are respectively fixedly embedded inside the side of the second clamping plate 14. The third hydraulic cylinder 15 is connected to the liquid supply pipe. The infrared transmitter 16 and the infrared receiver 17 are both electrically connected to the PLC controller 13.

[0029] The bottom of the fixed frame 5 and both sides of the motor 6 are provided with workpiece pre-marking pens 25. The lower ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens 25 are located below the cutting head 7 and are in contact with each other. The fixed frame 5 is provided with mounting ports on both sides. The workpiece pre-marking pens 25 pass through the interior of the mounting ports and are elastically rotatably mounted inside the mounting ports. The rod wall of the workpiece pre-marking pen 25 is fixedly mounted inside the mounting port via a rotating shaft 20. The shaft wall of the rotating shaft 20 is fitted with a torsion spring 21, and the two ends of the torsion spring 21 are fixedly connected to the workpiece pre-marking pen 25 and the mounting port, respectively. The torsion spring 21 enables the workpiece pre-marking pen 25 to automatically rotate around the rotating shaft 20 and make the lower ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens 25 contact each other. The fixed frame 5 is fixedly provided with a double-headed hydraulic cylinder 18. The two piston rods of the double-headed hydraulic cylinder 18 are fixedly provided with pull ropes 19. The pull ropes 19 are made of steel wire ropes, and the ends of the two pull ropes 19 are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens 25, respectively.

[0030] A tool relief groove is provided on the top of the base 1 and below the cutting head 7. A tool relief plate 22 is provided inside the tool relief groove. Two telescopic rods 23 are symmetrically fixed between the lower surface of the tool relief plate 22 and the bottom of the tool relief groove. Springs 24 are sleeved on the walls of the two telescopic rods 23. After the cutting head 7 moves down and completes the cutting action, the lower end of the cutting head 7 contacts the tool relief plate 22, so that the tool relief plate 22 squeezes the telescopic rods 23 and the springs 24, which can provide space for the cutting head 7 to move down and avoid the cutting head 7 from hitting the tool.

[0031] In summary, the positioning mechanism used in this metal cutting machine tool first places the workpiece on top of the base 1 and on the upper surface of the retraction plate 22. Then, the PLC controller 13 controls the hydraulic pump 12 to work. The hydraulic pump 12 can discharge the oil inside the supply tank 11 into the second hydraulic cylinder 8, causing the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 8 to extend and drive the first clamping plate 10 to move, so that the first clamping plate 10 will contact the side wall of the workpiece. During the contact between the first clamping plate 10 and the workpiece, the value of the pressure sensor 9 gradually increases. When the pressure sensor 9 reaches the set value, the pressure sensor 9 sends a signal to the PLC controller 13, which controls the hydraulic pump 12 to stop continuously supplying oil or to draw back a portion of the oil inside the second hydraulic cylinder 8. This adjusts the clamping force of the clamping plate 10 on the workpiece, avoiding damage to the workpiece.

[0032] Then, when the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is extended by the PLC controller 13, the motor 6 and the cutting head 7 move down until the workpiece pre-marking pen 25 contacts the surface of the workpiece, so that pre-marking can be performed on the surface of the workpiece. Then, the double-headed hydraulic cylinder 18 is retracted by the PLC controller 13, so that the two pull ropes 19 pull the upper end of the workpiece pre-marking pen 25 and rotate it at an angle through the rotating shaft 22, so that the lower ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens 25 are separated. Then, the motor 6 is controlled by the PLC controller 13 to work and drive the cutting head 7 to rotate, so that the workpiece can be cut.

[0033] After the cutting head 7 moves downward and completes the cutting action, the lower end of the cutting head 7 contacts the retracting plate 22, thereby causing the retracting plate 22 to press the telescopic rod 23 and the spring 24, which can provide space for the cutting head 7 to move downward and prevent the cutting head 7 from colliding with the tool.

[0034] It should be noted that the term "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is fixedly provided with a support frame (2) at the top, and a moving component (3) is provided at the top of the support frame (2). A first hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the moving component (3). A fixed frame (5) is fixedly provided at the end of the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (4). A motor (6) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the fixed frame (5). A cutting head (7) is fixedly provided at the output end of the motor (6). The base (1) has a second hydraulic cylinder (8) fixed on both sides of the top. The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (8) is fixed with a pressure sensor (9). The side wall of the pressure sensor (9) is fixed with a first clamping plate (10). The side wall of the support frame (2) is fixed with a liquid supply tank (11). The liquid supply tank (11) is fixed with a liquid pump (12). The output end of the liquid pump (12) is fixed with a liquid supply pipe. The end of the liquid supply pipe is fixedly connected to the second hydraulic cylinder (8). The side wall of the support frame (2) is fixed with a PLC controller (13). The first hydraulic cylinder (4), motor (6), pressure sensor (9), second hydraulic cylinder (8) and liquid pump (12) are all electrically connected to the PLC controller (13). The bottom of the fixed frame (5) and both sides of the motor (6) are provided with workpiece pre-marking pens (25); The fixed frame (5) has mounting openings on both sides. The workpiece pre-marking pen (25) passes through the mounting opening and is elastically rotated inside the mounting opening. A double-headed hydraulic cylinder (18) is fixedly installed inside the fixed frame (5). Pull ropes (19) are fixedly installed at the ends of the two piston rods of the double-headed hydraulic cylinder (18). The ends of the two pull ropes (19) are respectively fixedly connected to the upper ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens (25). The rod wall of the workpiece pre-marking pen (25) is rotatably set in the mounting port through the rotating shaft (20). The shaft wall of the rotating shaft (20) is fitted with a torsion spring (21), and the two ends of the torsion spring (21) are fixedly connected to the workpiece pre-marking pen (25) and the mounting port respectively. The lower ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens (25) are both located below the cutting head (7), and the lower ends of the two workpiece pre-marking pens (25) are in contact.

2. The positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first clamping plate (10) is provided with a second clamping plate (14) on both sides. The first clamping plate (10) is provided with a third hydraulic cylinder (15) inside both sides. The piston rod end of the third hydraulic cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second clamping plate (14). The two second clamping plates (14) are respectively fixedly embedded with an infrared transmitter (16) and an infrared receiver (17) inside the side. One of the second clamping plates (14) is embedded with the infrared transmitter (16), and the other second clamping plate (14) is embedded with the infrared receiver (17).

3. The positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third hydraulic cylinder (15) is connected to the liquid supply pipe, and the infrared transmitter (16) and infrared receiver (17) are electrically connected to the PLC controller (13).

4. The positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pull rope (19) is made of steel wire rope.

5. A positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) has a relief groove at the top and below the cutting head (7), and a relief plate (22) is provided inside the relief groove. Two telescopic rods (23) are symmetrically fixed between the lower surface of the relief plate (22) and the bottom of the relief groove. Springs (24) are sleeved on the rod walls of the two telescopic rods (23).

6. A positioning mechanism for a metal cutting machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving component (3) adopts an X-axis lead screw drive mechanism and a Y-axis lead screw drive mechanism.

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