Positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining

Abstract

A positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining includes a positioning base, a central positioning sleeve, a clamping expansion sleeve, a spindle connecting sleeve, and a movable pressure sleeve. The outer wall of the positioning base is stepped, with larger diameters at both ends and smaller diameters in the middle. The inner hole of the positioning base is a stepped hole with larger diameters at both ends and smaller diameters in the middle. A spindle connecting sleeve is provided at the large diameter end of the left end of the positioning base. The small diameter end of the spindle connecting sleeve is connected and fixed to the spindle tie rod of the machine tool. A movable pressure sleeve is provided at the large diameter end of the right end of the positioning base. The spindle connecting sleeve and the movable pressure sleeve are connected and fixed by a connecting rod. The left end of the small diameter section of the inner hole of the positioning base is connected and fixed to a central positioning sleeve. The inner hole of the central positioning sleeve is a stepped hole with a taper. A clamping expansion sleeve is connected and fixed to the right end of the central positioning sleeve. Multiple sealing rings are provided between the inner wall of the positioning base and the outer circumference of the central positioning sleeve. The large diameter end of the left end of the positioning base is connected and fixed to the machine tool through a flange.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automated production line machining, specifically to a positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial component of artillery shells, cartridge cases must possess sufficient strength, excellent gas sealing, reliable ejection, and long-term storage capability. These requirements necessitate complex shapes and precise dimensional design, necessitating multiple processing steps. Meeting the design requirements of various cartridge case series necessitates extremely high levels of process control and a high yield rate to ensure operational efficiency. Currently, the main problems are: 1. The cartridge case's highly complex shape makes accurate positioning and clamping during machining difficult, resulting in a low product yield rate. The machining blank is formed by stamping, creating a multi-stage conical step shape with progressively increasing dimensions for the neck, shoulder, body, and bottom. During machining, the outer conical shoulder surface must be used as a reference for positioning and clamping before bottom machining (turning, drilling, boring, milling, etc.) to ensure the final product dimensions. Because the shoulder surface is composed of two arcuate surfaces sandwiching a conical surface formed by stamping, the positioning surface is narrow and inconsistent, ultimately affecting accurate cartridge case positioning and leading to a low yield rate. 2. Iron filings generated during machining may adhere to the clamping and positioning device, directly leading to inaccurate clamping and positioning of the cartridge case, or even scrapping the machining process. 3. It is difficult to judge the correctness of manual clamping, easily leading to improper clamping. For products with complex shapes such as thin-walled, multi-stage, and tapered parts formed by stamping, manual clamping relies solely on the operator's experience, making it difficult to accurately determine whether the product is properly clamped, which can easily lead to machining problems.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a positioning and clamping system that can accurately clamp and position the cartridge case. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining. This positioning and clamping device can accurately position and clamp cartridges, has an airtightness detection function to determine whether the cartridge is properly clamped, and also has a cleaning function to remove metal shavings generated during machining.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following solution: a positioning and clamping device for machining cartridges, comprising a positioning base, a central positioning sleeve, a clamping expansion sleeve, a spindle connecting sleeve, and a movable pressure sleeve. The outer wall of the positioning base is stepped, with larger diameters at both ends and smaller diameters in the middle. The inner hole of the positioning base is also stepped, with larger diameters at both ends and smaller diameters in the middle. A spindle connecting sleeve is provided at the large-diameter end of the left side of the positioning base. The small-diameter end of the spindle connecting sleeve is connected and fixed to the machine tool spindle tie rod. A movable pressure sleeve is provided at the large-diameter end of the right side of the positioning base. The right end of the movable pressure sleeve has a tapered opening, with the large-diameter end of the tapered opening located at the right end of the movable pressure sleeve. The spindle connecting sleeve and the movable pressure sleeve are connected and fixed by multiple connecting rods. The middle section slides within the inner wall of the positioning base. The left end of the small-diameter section of the inner hole of the positioning base is connected and fixed to a central positioning sleeve. The inner hole of the central positioning sleeve is a stepped hole with a taper. The right end of the central positioning sleeve is connected and fixed to a clamping expansion sleeve. The outer wall of the free end of the clamping expansion sleeve is a tapered outer wall with the large-diameter end facing to the right. The free end is taper-fitted with the moving pressure sleeve. Multiple opening slots extending axially towards the fixed end are provided at the opening of the free end of the clamping expansion sleeve. The inner holes of the central positioning sleeve and the clamping expansion sleeve are spaces for clamping the workpiece. Multiple sealing rings are provided between the inner wall of the positioning base and the outer circumference of the central positioning sleeve to ensure the airtightness of the device. The large-diameter end of the left end of the positioning base is connected and fixed to the machine tool through a flange.

[0006] The central positioning sleeve is stepped, and the outer wall of the small diameter section of the central positioning sleeve is threaded to be connected and fixed to the inner wall of the positioning base. The inner wall of the end of the large diameter section of the central positioning sleeve is threaded. The clamping expansion sleeve is stepped, and the outer circumference of the small diameter section on the left side of the clamping expansion sleeve is threaded. The small diameter section of the clamping expansion sleeve is threaded to be connected and fixed to the inner wall of the central positioning sleeve through the thread.

[0007] The left end of the positioning base has multiple observation holes that penetrate the cylinder wall. The left end of the positioning base is fixed to the flange by bolts. The right end of the positioning base has a dust cover fixed by bolts. The cylinder wall of the positioning base is equipped with air tightness detection and cleaning system pipelines.

[0008] The large-diameter end hole wall of the spindle connecting sleeve is provided with multiple notches axially corresponding to the observation holes on the positioning base. Threaded holes are provided axially on the hole walls between each notch to connect and fix the connecting rod. The connecting rod and the movable pressure sleeve are connected and fixed by bolts. The inner hole wall of the small-diameter end of the spindle connecting sleeve is provided with internal threads. The outer circumference of the machine tool spindle tie rod is provided with external threads. The spindle connecting sleeve and the machine tool spindle tie rod are fixed by threaded connection.

[0009] A connecting sleeve is installed in the inner hole of the large-diameter end of the positioning base. The connecting sleeve is stepped. Multiple notches corresponding to the observation holes on the positioning base are axially provided on the wall of the large-diameter end of the connecting sleeve. Bolt through holes are axially provided on the wall of the hole between each notch, and the connecting sleeve is fixed to the positioning base by bolts. The small-diameter end of the connecting sleeve is located in the inner hole of the machine tool spindle tie rod. An interface for connecting a compressed air pipeline and an interface for connecting an airtightness testing system are provided at the bottom of the small-diameter end. The interface for connecting the airtightness testing system is connected to the airtightness testing pipeline provided on the wall of the connecting sleeve.

[0010] The central positioning sleeve is equipped with a cleaning system pipeline and an airtightness detection pipeline.

[0011] A sealing ring is provided between the small-diameter section shoulder of the central positioning sleeve and the inner hole of the positioning base, and two sealing rings are provided between the large-diameter section of the central positioning sleeve and the inner hole of the positioning base.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are that this positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining can accurately clamp and position the cartridge, and it is connected to a cleaning and airtightness testing device, which can remove metal shavings generated during processing and perform airtightness testing on the cartridge, preventing metal shavings from affecting the clamping and positioning of the workpiece. This solves the problem of inaccurate manual clamping, improves product quality, and increases production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning base structure in this invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning base in this invention;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle connecting sleeve structure in this invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting sleeve structure in this invention;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the connecting sleeve in this invention;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the central positioning sleeve structure in this invention;

[0021] Figure 9 This is a sectional view of the center positioning sleeve in this invention;

[0022] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the clamping expansion sleeve structure in this invention;

[0023] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod structure in this invention;

[0024] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the movable pressure sleeve structure in this invention;

[0025] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the dust cover structure in this invention;

[0026] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle connecting disk structure in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figures 1 to 14As shown, a positioning and clamping device for machining cartridges includes a positioning base 2, a central positioning sleeve 5, a clamping expansion sleeve 6, a spindle connecting sleeve 3, and a movable pressure sleeve 7. The outer wall of the positioning base 2 is stepped, with larger diameters at both ends and smaller diameters in the middle. The inner hole of the positioning base 2 is a stepped hole with larger diameters at both ends and smaller diameters in the middle. A spindle connecting sleeve 3 is provided at the large diameter end of the left end of the positioning base 2. The small diameter end of the spindle connecting sleeve 3 is connected and fixed to the machine tool spindle tie rod 12. A movable pressure sleeve 7 is provided at the large diameter end of the right end of the positioning base 2. The right end of the movable pressure sleeve 7 is tapered, with the large diameter end of the tapered opening located at the right end of the movable pressure sleeve 7. The spindle connecting sleeve 3 and the movable pressure sleeve 7 are connected and fixed by multiple connecting rods 4. The middle section of the connecting rod 4 slides in the inner wall of the positioning base 2. The small diameter section of the inner hole of the positioning base 2 is located at the left end of the tapered opening. A central positioning sleeve 5 is connected and fixed to the center. The inner hole of the central positioning sleeve 5 is a stepped hole with a tapered shape. A clamping expansion sleeve 6 is connected and fixed to the right end of the central positioning sleeve 5. The outer wall of the free end of the clamping expansion sleeve 6 is a tapered outer wall with the large diameter end facing to the right. The free end is taperedly fitted with the moving pressure sleeve 7. Multiple opening slots 6a extending axially towards the fixed end are provided at the opening of the free end of the clamping expansion sleeve 6. The inner holes of the central positioning sleeve 5 and the clamping expansion sleeve 6 provide space for clamping the workpiece 9. The central positioning sleeve 5 is stepped. The outer wall of the small diameter section of the central positioning sleeve 5 is threaded and connected and fixed to the inner wall of the positioning base 2. The inner wall of the end of the large diameter section of the central positioning sleeve 5 is threaded. The clamping expansion sleeve 6 is stepped. The outer circumference of the small diameter section on the left side of the clamping expansion sleeve 6 is threaded. The small diameter section of the clamping expansion sleeve 6 is threaded and fixed to the inner wall of the central positioning sleeve 5 through the thread. A cleaning system pipeline 5a and an airtightness detection pipeline 5b are provided on the cylindrical wall of the central positioning sleeve 5. Multiple sealing rings 10 are provided between the inner wall of the positioning base 2 and the outer circumference of the central positioning sleeve 5 to ensure the airtightness of the device. One sealing ring 10 is provided between the small-diameter shoulder of the central positioning sleeve 5 and the inner hole of the positioning base 2, and two sealing rings 10 are provided between the large-diameter section of the central positioning sleeve 5 and the inner hole of the positioning base 2. The large-diameter end of the left end of the positioning base 2 is connected and fixed to the machine tool via a flange 1, and the positioning base 2 and the flange 1 are fixed together by bolts. Multiple observation holes 2a are radially provided through the cylindrical wall at the large-diameter end of the left end of the positioning base 2. The observation holes 2a are used to allow space for the bolts connecting the positioning base 2 and the machine tool, and also to observe the clamping status of the workpiece 9 to determine if it is properly clamped. Compressed air or water can be used to clean the workpiece through the observation holes 2a, which also reduces weight. A dust cover 8 is fixed to the large-diameter end of the right end of the positioning base 2 by bolts. An airtightness detection and cleaning system pipeline 2b is provided on the cylindrical wall of the positioning base 2.The large-diameter end hole wall of the spindle connecting sleeve 3 is provided with multiple notches axially corresponding to the observation holes 2a on the positioning base 2, so as to facilitate the observation of the clamping status of the workpiece 9. Threaded holes are provided axially on the hole wall between each notch to connect and fix the connecting rod 4. The connecting rod 4 and the movable pressure sleeve 7 are connected and fixed by bolts. The inner hole wall of the small-diameter end of the spindle connecting sleeve 3 is provided with internal threads. The outer circumference of the machine tool spindle pull rod 12 is provided with external threads. The spindle connecting sleeve 3 and the machine tool spindle pull rod 12 are fixed by threaded connection. A connecting sleeve 11 is provided in the inner hole of the large diameter end of the left end of the positioning base 2. The connecting sleeve 11 is stepped. Multiple notches corresponding to the observation holes 2a on the positioning base 2 are axially provided on the wall of the large diameter end of the connecting sleeve 11 to facilitate observation of the clamping status of the workpiece 9. Bolt through holes are axially provided on the wall of the hole between each notch to connect and fix it to the positioning base 2 with bolts. The small diameter end of the connecting sleeve 11 is located in the inner hole of the machine tool spindle tie rod 12. An interface 11a for connecting the compressed air pipeline 13 and an interface 11b for connecting the air tightness detection system are provided at the bottom of the small diameter end. The interface 11b for connecting the air tightness detection system 14 is connected to the air tightness detection pipeline 11c provided on the wall of the connecting sleeve 11.

[0028] In the positioning and clamping device, the machine tool spindle drawbar is threadedly connected to the spindle connecting sleeve. The machine tool machining equipment drives the machine tool spindle drawbar to move, providing the power source for clamping and releasing the positioning and clamping device. The spindle connecting sleeve connects three connecting shafts via threads, and the connecting shafts are then fixed to the movable pressure sleeve by bolts. The spindle connecting sleeve, connecting shafts, and movable pressure sleeve are connected as a whole. Driven by the machine tool spindle drawbar, it can move within a certain range axially in the positioning base. At the same time, since the movable pressure sleeve and the clamping expansion sleeve in the positioning sleeve assembly have a tapered fit, when the machine tool spindle drawbar drives the spindle connecting sleeve, connecting rod, and movable pressure sleeve to move axially, the movable pressure sleeve drives the clamping expansion sleeve to clamp or release the workpiece, realizing the positioning and clamping of the workpiece.

[0029] When machining a workpiece, the workpiece is first pushed into the clamping space of the positioning sleeve assembly. The positioning and clamping device positions and clamps the workpiece, and the machine tool automatically checks the correctness of the workpiece positioning (automatically detected by an airtightness sensor installed on the machine tool). After the workpiece's positioning is correct, the machine tool automatically processes the product. After processing, the product is automatically ejected, and the machine tool cleans the positioning and clamping device (cleaned by compressed air connected to the connecting sleeve). Then, the next processing cycle begins.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications made to the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping device for machining cartridges, characterized in that: The system includes a positioning base (2), a center positioning sleeve (5), a clamping expansion sleeve (6), a spindle connecting sleeve (3), and a movable pressure sleeve (7). The outer wall of the positioning base (2) is stepped, with larger ends and a smaller middle section. The inner hole of the positioning base (2) is a stepped hole with larger ends and a smaller middle section. A spindle connecting sleeve (3) is provided at the large diameter end of the left end of the positioning base (2). The spindle connecting sleeve (3) is stepped, and the small diameter end of the spindle connecting sleeve (3) is connected and fixed to the machine tool spindle tie rod (12). A movable pressure sleeve (7) is provided at the large diameter end of the right end of the positioning base (2). The right end of the movable pressure sleeve (7) is a tapered opening, and the large diameter end of the tapered opening is located at the right end of the movable pressure sleeve (7). The spindle connecting sleeve (3) and the movable pressure sleeve (7) are connected and fixed by multiple connecting rods (4). The middle section of the connecting rods (4) slides on the positioning base (2). In the inner wall of the positioning base (2), the left end of the small diameter section of the inner hole is connected and fixed to a central positioning sleeve (5). The inner hole of the central positioning sleeve (5) is a stepped hole with a taper. The right end of the central positioning sleeve (5) is connected and fixed to a clamping expansion sleeve (6). The outer wall of the free end of the clamping expansion sleeve (6) is a tapered outer wall with the large diameter end facing to the right. The free end is taper-fitted with the moving pressure sleeve (7). Multiple opening slots (6a) extending axially towards the fixed end are provided at the opening of the free end of the clamping expansion sleeve (6). The inner holes of the central positioning sleeve (5) and the clamping expansion sleeve (6) are the space for clamping the workpiece (9). Multiple sealing rings (10) for ensuring the airtightness of the device are provided between the inner wall of the positioning base (2) and the outer circumference of the central positioning sleeve (5). The large diameter end of the left end of the positioning base (2) is connected and fixed to the machine tool through a flange (1).

2. The positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central positioning sleeve (5) is stepped. The outer wall of the small diameter section of the central positioning sleeve (5) is threaded and connected to the inner wall of the positioning base (2). The inner wall of the end of the large diameter section of the central positioning sleeve (5) is threaded. The clamping expansion sleeve (6) is stepped. The outer circumference of the small diameter section on the left side of the clamping expansion sleeve (6) is threaded. The small diameter section of the clamping expansion sleeve (6) is threaded and connected to the inner wall of the central positioning sleeve (5) by the thread.

3. The positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left end of the positioning base (2) has multiple observation holes (2a) that penetrate the cylinder wall. The left end of the positioning base (2) is fixed to the flange (1) by bolts. The right end of the positioning base (2) has a dust cover (8) fixed by bolts. The cylinder wall of the positioning base (2) is provided with an airtightness detection and cleaning system pipeline (2b).

4. The positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The large-diameter end hole wall of the spindle connecting sleeve (3) is provided with multiple notches corresponding to the observation holes (2a) on the positioning base (2). Threaded holes are provided on the hole walls between each notch and are connected and fixed to the connecting rod (4). The connecting rod (4) is connected and fixed to the movable pressure sleeve (7) by bolts. The inner hole wall of the small-diameter end of the spindle connecting sleeve (3) is provided with internal threads. The outer circumference of the machine tool spindle pull rod (12) is provided with external threads. The spindle connecting sleeve (3) and the machine tool spindle pull rod (12) are connected and fixed by threads.

5. The positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: A connecting sleeve (11) is provided in the inner hole of the large diameter end of the left end of the positioning base (2). The connecting sleeve (11) is stepped. Multiple notches corresponding to the observation holes (2a) on the positioning base (2) are provided axially on the wall of the large diameter end of the connecting sleeve (11). Bolt through holes are provided axially on the wall of the hole between each notch. The connecting sleeve (11) is connected and fixed to the positioning base (2) by bolts. The small diameter end of the connecting sleeve (11) is located in the inner hole of the machine tool spindle tie rod (12). An interface (11a) for connecting the compressed air pipeline (13) and an interface (11b) for connecting the air tightness detection system are provided at the bottom of the small diameter end. The interface (11b) for connecting the air tightness detection system (14) is connected to the air tightness detection pipeline (11c) provided on the wall of the connecting sleeve (11).

6. The positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central positioning sleeve (5) is provided with a cleaning system pipeline (5a) and an airtightness detection pipeline (5b) on its cylindrical wall.

7. The positioning and clamping device for cartridge machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing ring (10) is provided between the small diameter section shoulder of the central positioning sleeve (5) and the inner hole of the positioning base (2), and two sealing rings (10) are provided between the large diameter section of the central positioning sleeve (5) and the inner hole of the positioning base (2).

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