An arid region agricultural water suitable irrigation integrated system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of arid zone agricultural water suitable irrigation integration system, belong to hydraulic engineering technical field, including water storage well, open ditch, blind ditch, wherein water storage well is equipped with water storage cavity, water storage cavity is used to store water source;Open ditch is communicated with water storage well, and is equipped with several, several open ditches are all arranged in surface;Blind ditch is communicated with water storage well, and is equipped with several, several blind ditches are all arranged in soil with surface interval certain distance, and the end of open ditch and blind ditch close to water storage well is equipped with first control valve.The application also provides a kind of arid zone agricultural water suitable irrigation integration method, comprehensively considers water supply, local crop growth stage and key water requirement threshold need to be irrigated, realizes recycling in farmland and water delivery and drainage process, reduces fertilizer etc. with water loss caused by drainage, realizes farmland scale water efficient use, reduces external discharge while reducing non-point source pollution.The application realizes the efficient recycling of a variety of different water sources according to actual situation, the effect is remarkable, and is suitable for wide promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to an integrated system and method for water-suitable irrigation in arid areas. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural water consumption accounts for over 60% of total water consumption. For a long time, my country's agricultural water shortage problem has been mainly solved through water-saving irrigation technologies, including canal seepage prevention, low-pressure pipe irrigation, micro-irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and other new water-saving projects. Irrigation typically involves the following steps: water intake from a source and delivery of irrigation water to the fields via a water conveyance system; the conversion of water from the source into soil water through irrigation; and the conversion of soil water into biological water through crop water absorption, thereby promoting crop growth. The process from water source to soil water is currently the focus of water-saving irrigation research. At present, the systematic recycling of irrigation water is not high, and the regional irrigation and drainage configuration is not matched with crop water needs, leading to serious water waste in agricultural production. To address these problems, a systematic approach is urgently needed to achieve recycling and efficient water conservation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, the present invention provides an integrated system and method for water-appropriate irrigation in arid regions, thereby resolving the problems of low systematic recycling of irrigation water and mismatch between regional irrigation and drainage configurations and crop water requirements in current technologies.

[0004] This invention provides an integrated water-suitable irrigation system for arid-area agriculture, comprising:

[0005] A water storage well is provided with a water storage chamber, which is used to store water.

[0006] Open ditches, connected to the water storage wells, are provided in several forms, and all of the open ditches are located on the ground surface;

[0007] The underground ditch is connected to the water storage well and there are several of them. The underground ditch is set in the soil at a certain distance from the ground surface. The open ditch and the underground ditch are each equipped with a first control valve at the end near the water storage well.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a surface cover layer disposed around the water storage well and the open ditch, the cover layer being a biological material covering the ground surface.

[0009] Preferably, both the open ditch and the culvert are equipped with flow meters, which are used to monitor the flow velocity and water volume in the open ditch or the culvert.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes:

[0011] A filtration pool is arranged around the water storage well for treating the collected water source. Both the open ditch and the culvert are connected to the water storage well through the filtration pool. The filtration pool is provided with a filtration chamber.

[0012] A water level measuring component is installed inside the water storage well;

[0013] A spraying assembly is disposed on one side of the filter tank and connected to the filter tank, and is used to spray treatment agents into the filter chamber;

[0014] An air filling and suction assembly is disposed on one side of the filter tank. One end of the air filling and suction assembly extends through the filter tank into the filter chamber and is used to fill the filter tank with air or extract the sediment in the filter tank.

[0015] The drainage ditch is connected at one end to the filter pool and at the other end to the river.

[0016] Preferably, a second control valve is provided between the filter tank and the drainage ditch, a third control valve is provided between the filter tank and the water storage well, and a water quality detector is provided in the filter tank. The water quality detector is electrically connected to the second control valve, the third control valve and the water level measuring component.

[0017] This invention also provides an integrated method for water-suitable irrigation in arid areas, implemented using any of the above-described integrated water-suitable irrigation systems for arid areas, comprising:

[0018] Step 1: Collect and store water sources that meet the irrigation water quality requirements within the area in the underground ditch and the water storage well. The water sources include: conventional irrigation water sources such as surface water and groundwater, unconventional water sources such as rainwater, reclaimed water and mine water, as well as irrigation infiltration, drainage or mixed water sources, etc.

[0019] Step 2: Using the critical water requirement threshold during crop growth as the control indicator, monitor the weather, soil and plant growth in real time, and comprehensively consider the available water, the local crop growth stage and the critical water requirement threshold for irrigation.

[0020] Preferably, the irrigation control mode in step 2 is divided into three types: water demand mode, water availability mode, and drainage mode. The specific steps for controlling irrigation include:

[0021] Step 2.1: Obtain the available water volume Q of the water storage well and the underground ditch in real time. 供 Determine the available water supply and the minimum water requirement Q during crop growth. min And the highest water requirement Q during crop growth max The relationship, if Q 供 min ​At this time, the system is in a water-demand state, and irrigation is controlled using a water-demand mode. Water is introduced from an external source to supplement the reservoir and the underground ditch. The water collected and supplemented in the reservoir is used to irrigate the crops in a timely manner. The required amount of water Q is... 补 The function is represented as Q 补 =Q 灌 -Q 供 Q 灌 The irrigation water requirement is based on the growth stage of the crop.

[0022] Step 2.2: Continuously obtain the available water supply and determine the relationship between the available water supply and the minimum and maximum water requirements during crop growth. Continuously replenish the water source until Q is reached. min 供 max At this time, the water level is suitable, and irrigation is controlled in a suitable water mode. There is no need to supplement water from the outside. Water is collected and crops are irrigated using only the water storage well and the underground ditch.

[0023] Step 2.3: Conduct cyclic irrigation under the appropriate water level mode. Based on water volume monitoring and crop growth status, determine the irrigation status for the next cycle in real time. If Q... 供 Q max And Q 储 Q V If the water level is low, the system is in a drainage state. Irrigation is regulated using drainage mode, where excess water is treated and discharged into the river. If the water level is suitable, the suitable water mode is used; if the water level is in demand, the demand mode is used. Where Q... 储 Q represents the water storage capacity of the well and the underground ditch. V The design capacity of the underground ditch and the water storage well.

[0024] Preferably, the water storage capacity Q of the integrated irrigation system for arid regions in step 1 is... 储 The function is represented as: Q 储 =Q 雨 +Q 再 +Q 矿 +Q 渗 +Q 补 -Q 作实 -Q 损 ≤Q V , where Q 雨 Q represents rainfall storage. 再 For the amount of reclaimed water supplied, Q 矿 Q represents the mine water supply. 渗 Q represents the amount of water that infiltrates and collects in the underground ditch and the water storage well after irrigation. 补 Q represents the amount of water replenished for regular irrigation. 作实 Q represents the actual water requirement of the crop.​​损 Q represents the amount of water lost during transportation and infiltration. V The design capacity of the underground ditch and the water storage well.

[0025] Preferably, the water requirement Q for irrigation in step 2 is... 灌 The function is represented as:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, Q 供 Q represents the water supply capacity of the reservoir and the underground ditch. min Q max These represent the minimum and maximum water requirements during crop growth, respectively, Q. 损 This represents the amount of water lost during transportation and infiltration.

[0028] Preferably, in step 2, the amount of regular irrigation water Q that needs to be supplemented is... 补 The function is represented as:

[0029] Q 补 =max(Q 作需 +Q 损 -Q 储 ,0), where Q 储 Q represents the current water storage capacity in the system. 作需 Q represents the crop water requirement during this period. 损 This refers to the amount of water lost during transportation, infiltration, and other processes.

[0030] When Q 作需 +Q 损 储 At that time, Q 补 =0;

[0031] During the cyclical irrigation process, the water utilization efficiency η function is:

[0032] η = Q 渗 / Q 灌 ×100%, where Q 渗 Q represents the amount of water that infiltrates and collects in the underground ditch and the water storage well after irrigation. 灌 This refers to the amount of water required for irrigation.

[0033] ​As can be seen from the above scheme, the integrated irrigation system for arid areas provided by this invention is based on the concept of efficient and cyclical utilization of multiple water sources such as rainfall, irrigation, surface water, groundwater, rainwater, reclaimed water, and mine water. It is a system that integrates rainfall (irrigation) infiltration, soil water recycling, and shallow groundwater storage in arid areas. This device introduces multiple water sources (such as conventional irrigation sources like surface water and groundwater, unconventional sources like rainwater, reclaimed water, and mine water, as well as irrigation infiltration, drainage, or mixed water sources) for internal circulation, maximizing the recycling of existing water sources. Through the installation of flow meters and a first control valve, data such as flow rate and water volume are collected and monitored, thus forming a three-dimensional integrated irrigation, drainage, and storage structure with real-time monitoring and control functions, encompassing upper irrigation, middle infiltration, and lower collection and storage. This invention also provides an integrated method for water-appropriate irrigation in arid regions. This method uses irrigation regulation to carry out rational irrigation based on the water requirements of crops at different growth stages. It solves the problems of low systemic recycling of irrigation water and mismatch between regional irrigation and drainage configuration and crop water requirements in current technologies. The method is effective and suitable for widespread promotion. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This invention provides a structural schematic diagram of an integrated water-suitable irrigation system for arid-area agriculture.

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the process of an integrated water-suitable irrigation method for arid-area agriculture provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another integrated irrigation system for arid regions provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1-3 middle:

[0039] 1. Water storage well; 2. Open ditch; 3. Covered ditch; 4. Covering layer; 5. Filter tank; 6. Water level measuring component; 7. Spraying component; 8. Filling and suction component; 9. Drainage ditch; 11. Water storage chamber; 12. First control valve; 51. Filter chamber; 52. Second control valve; 53. Third control valve; 54. Water quality detector. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 3 The present invention will now describe a specific embodiment of an integrated irrigation system for arid regions. This integrated irrigation system for arid regions includes a water storage well 1, open ditches 2, and culverts 3. The water storage well 1 is equipped with a water storage chamber 11 for storing water. Several open ditches 2 are connected to the water storage well 1 and are located on the ground surface. Several culverts 3 are connected to the water storage well 1 and are located within the soil at a certain distance from the ground surface. A first control valve 12 is provided at the end of each of the open ditches 2 and culverts 3 closest to the water storage well 1.

[0042] Storage refers to storing rainfall, irrigation infiltration water, and water replenishment in the underground ditch 3 and water storage well 1; Irrigation refers to irrigating by comprehensively considering crop growth stages, threshold indicators, and available water volume, shifting from single high-efficiency water saving to integrated water-saving, fertilizer-saving, and pesticide-saving, and not using water saving as a single indicator; Drainage refers to reducing rainwater discharge and increasing groundwater storage during heavy summer rainfall, or collecting drainage and increasing the number of internal circulations when traditional irrigation methods are used when farmland drainage exists, in cases where water sources are relatively abundant.

[0043] In this embodiment, the water storage well 1 and the underground ditch 3 are arranged according to the local topography, climate conditions, and the growth and water requirements of crops planted in the farmland. Water level and water quality monitoring equipment, as well as irrigation pumps, are installed in the water storage well 1. These pumps, water level and water quality monitoring equipment are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here; any structure that can achieve the corresponding functions is within the scope of protection of this application. The system also includes a covering layer 4 around the water storage well 1 and the open ditch 2. The covering layer 4 is a biological material covering the ground surface, such as straw or other ecological materials, to reduce evaporation, collect water vapor from the surface air, and increase the surface soil moisture content. Flow meters are installed in both the open ditch 2 and the underground ditch 3 to monitor the flow velocity and water volume within them. The open ditch 2 can be an irrigation ditch. A waterproof layer is also installed 5-6 meters underground to prevent further water infiltration.

[0044] In this embodiment, the root system of corn is generally 80-100cm; the root system of wheat is 50-80cm, with a maximum length of 3m; the root system of cotton is generally 1.5-3m long, and can even reach 5-6m; the taproot of sunflower is generally 100-200cm; the root system of crops in arid areas may be longer, but considering the economic feasibility of engineering construction and the reduction of evaporation, it can be set at 50-250cm. Underground ditches 3 and water storage wells 1 are laid in the field according to the root depth of different crops (exemplarily, the ditches 3 and water storage wells 1 are set at a distance of 50-250cm from the ground surface) to collect and store the infiltrated water from rainfall and irrigation. The capacity is determined comprehensively based on the controlled area, local rainfall, irrigation water volume, and water source conditions.

[0045] Compared with existing technologies, this integrated irrigation system for arid regions is based on the concept of efficient and cyclical utilization of multiple water sources, including rainfall, irrigation, surface water, groundwater, rainwater, reclaimed water, and mine water. It integrates rainfall (irrigation) infiltration, soil water recycling, and shallow groundwater storage in arid areas. The device introduces various water sources (such as conventional irrigation sources like surface water and groundwater, unconventional sources like rainwater, reclaimed water, and mine water, as well as irrigation infiltration, drainage, or mixed water sources) for internal circulation, maximizing the recycling of existing water sources. Through the installation of flow meters and the first control valve 12, data such as flow velocity and water volume are collected and monitored, forming a three-dimensional integrated irrigation, drainage, and storage structure with real-time monitoring and control functions, encompassing upper irrigation, middle infiltration, and lower collection and storage.

[0046] As another embodiment of the present invention, the structure of this integrated irrigation system for arid areas is basically the same as that in the above embodiments, except that the system further includes a filter pool 5, a water level measuring component 6, a spraying component 7, a filling and suction component 8, and a drainage ditch 9. The filter pool 5 is arranged around the water storage well 1 and is used to treat the collected water source. The open ditch 2 and the culvert 3 are both connected to the water storage well 1 through the filter pool 5. The filter pool 5 is provided with a filter chamber 51. The water level measuring component 6 is arranged inside the water storage well 1. The spraying component 7 is arranged on one side of the filter pool 5 and connected to the filter pool 5, and is used to spray the treatment agent into the filter chamber 51. The filling and suction component 8 is arranged on one side of the filter pool 5, and one end of the filling and suction component 8 penetrates the filter pool 5 and extends into the filter chamber 51, and is used to inflate the filter pool 5 or extract the sediment in the filter pool 5. One end of the drainage ditch 9 is connected to the filter pool 5, and the other end is used to connect to the river.

[0047] In this embodiment, a second control valve 52 is provided between the filter tank 5 and the drainage ditch 9, and a third control valve 53 is provided between the filter tank 5 and the water storage well 1. A water quality detector 54 is provided inside the filter tank 5, and the water quality detector 54 is electrically connected to the second control valve 52, the third control valve 53, and the water level measuring component 6. A one-way valve is provided between the filter tank 5 and the water storage well 1. After the filter tank 5 treats the collected water, it flows into the water storage well 1 for storage through the one-way valve.

[0048] When the water level measuring component 6 detects that there is too much stored water and it needs to be discharged, the one-way valve closes and the third control valve 53 opens. The liquid in the water storage well 1 flows into the filter tank 5 through the third control valve 53. The spraying component 7 sprays the treatment agent into the filter chamber 51, and the filling and suction component 8 fills the filter chamber 51 with gas to mix the liquid to be discharged with the agent. When the water quality detector 54 detects that the water quality meets the discharge conditions, the second control valve 52 is opened to discharge the liquid into the river. A drainage pump is installed between the drainage ditch 9 and the filter tank 5. The drainage pump is used to quickly extract the water from the filter tank 5 and push the liquid out as quickly as possible. Here, anything that can achieve the above-mentioned performance functions of the water quality detector 54, the second control valve 52, the third control valve 53, and the first control valve 12 is within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] In this embodiment, the spraying assembly 7 includes a spray head and a storage tank. The storage tank is located on the ground and is used to store the pesticide. One end of the spray head is connected to the storage tank, and the other end extends through the filter tank 5 into the filter chamber 51 to spray the pesticide into the filter chamber 51. A fourth control valve is provided between the spray head and the storage tank to control the on / off state. The device also includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the water level measuring assembly 6, the spraying assembly 7, the filling and suction assembly 8, the second control valve 52, the third control valve 53, the first control valve 12, the water quality detector 54, and the check valve, and is used to control the opening and closing of the corresponding structures in different operating modes.

[0050] In this embodiment, the filling and suction assembly 8 may include a filling and suction pipe, a filling and suction pump, and a recovery tank. The filling and suction pipe penetrates the filter tank 5 and extends into the filter chamber 51, reaching the bottom of the filter chamber 51. The filling and suction pump is used for aeration or extraction. The recovery tank is located between the filling and suction pipe and the filling and suction pump and is used to collect sediment and other waste. When there is no need to discharge water, the filling and suction assembly 8 extracts sediment generated during filtration or liquid treatment from the filter tank 5. When collecting infiltration water, both the spraying assembly 7 and the filling and suction assembly 8 remain closed. Water collected from the open ditch 2 and the culvert 3 flows directly into the filter tank 5 for sedimentation and filtration. The bottom of the filter tank 5 may be equipped with a filter screen or other filtration structure. The filtered water flows through a one-way valve into the water storage well 1 for storage.

[0051] In this embodiment, the water level measuring component 6 includes a limiting groove, a float, and a spacing sensor. The limiting groove is vertically disposed within the water storage well 1 and has a connecting hole that communicates with the water storage chamber 11. The float is disposed within the limiting groove and is slidably connected to it. The float floats up and down under the buoyancy of the water. The connecting hole engages with the float to limit its range of motion and ensure that the float slides up and down along the limiting groove. The spacing sensor is connected to the limiting groove and electrically connected to the float. The spacing sensor is disposed at one end of the limiting groove and is used to detect the distance between itself and the float, thereby obtaining the water level in the water storage well 1.

[0052] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 3 The present invention will now describe a specific embodiment of an integrated water-suitable irrigation method for arid region agriculture. This integrated water-suitable irrigation method for arid region agriculture is implemented using one of the aforementioned integrated water-suitable irrigation systems for arid region agriculture, comprising:

[0053] S1. Collection and storage: Collect and store water sources within the area that meet the irrigation water quality requirements in underground ditch 3 and water storage well 1. Other water sources include: conventional irrigation water sources such as surface water and groundwater, unconventional water sources such as rainwater, reclaimed water and mine water, as well as irrigation infiltration, drainage or mixed water sources, etc.

[0054] The sources of collected and stored water include conventional irrigation water sources (surface water, groundwater, etc.), unconventional water sources (rainwater, reclaimed water, mine water, etc.), as well as irrigation infiltration, drainage, or mixed water sources; achieving on-site storage and recycling of water sources within the integrated irrigation and drainage system for arid agricultural areas.

[0055] S1 contains a water storage capacity Q of an integrated irrigation system for arid agriculture. 储 The function is represented as: Q 储 =Q 雨 +Q 再 +Q 渗 +Q 矿 +Q 补 -Q 作实 -Q 损 ≤Q V , where Q 雨 Q represents rainfall storage. 再 For the amount of reclaimed water supplied, Q 矿 Q represents the mine water supply. 渗 Q represents the amount of water that infiltrates and collects in the underground ditch 3 and the water storage well 1 after irrigation. 补 Q represents the amount of water replenished for regular irrigation. 作实 Q represents the actual water requirement of the crop. 损 Q represents the amount of water lost during transportation and infiltration. V The design capacity of the underground ditch 3 and the water storage well 1.

[0056] S2. Irrigation Regulation: Using the key water requirement threshold during crop growth as the control indicator, and based on the farmland water transport process, improve utilization efficiency by increasing water sources (conventional irrigation water sources such as surface water and groundwater, unconventional water sources such as rainwater, reclaimed water, and mine water, as well as irrigation infiltration, drainage, or mixed water sources, etc.), reducing transport losses (ground cover to reduce evaporation), and water collection and recycling (storage wells 1, underground ditches 3 to collect and collect rainwater, drainage, etc.), monitoring weather, soil, and plant growth in real time, and comprehensively considering the available water supply, the local crop growth stage, and the key water requirement threshold for irrigation.

[0057] Based on the integrated irrigation and drainage system for arid regions, S2 divides irrigation regulation into three modes to address different conditions during crop growth: water demand mode, water availability mode, and drainage mode. The specific steps for irrigation regulation include:

[0058] S2.1. Real-time acquisition of the available water volume Q of the water storage well 1 and the underground ditch 3. 供 Determine the available water supply and the minimum water requirement Q during crop growth. min And the highest water requirement Q during crop growth max The relationship, if Q 供 min At this time, the system is in a water-demand state, and irrigation is controlled using a water-demand mode. Water is introduced from an external source to supplement the water storage well 1 and the underground ditch 3. The water collected and supplemented in the water storage well 1 is used to irrigate the crops in a timely manner. The required amount of water Q is... 补 The function is represented as Q 补 =Q 灌 -Q 供 Q 灌 The irrigation water requirement is based on the growth stage of the crop.

[0059] S2.2 Continuously obtain the available water supply and determine the relationship between the available water supply and the minimum and maximum water requirements during crop growth, and continuously replenish the water source until Q is reached. min 供 max This indicates that the integrated irrigation and drainage system for arid agriculture is in a moderate water supply state. The water stored in the system can meet the water needs of crops, and there is no need to supplement water from external sources. At this time, it is in a moderate water supply state. The irrigation is controlled in a moderate water supply mode, and there is no need to supplement water from external sources. Only the water storage well 1 and the underground ditch 3 are used for water collection and crop irrigation.

[0060] In S2.2, after several cycles of irrigation, infiltration, collection, and storage within the system, the system determines whether to enter the water demand mode based on water volume monitoring and crop growth status.

[0061] ​​​S2.3. Under the water-suitable mode, conduct cyclic irrigation, and determine the irrigation status for the next cycle in real time based on water volume monitoring and crop growth status. If Q... 供 Q max And Q 储 Q V This indicates that the integrated irrigation and drainage system for arid regions is in a state of sufficient water supply, with the stored water volume meeting the crop's water needs without requiring external water replenishment. In this case, it is in a drainage state, and irrigation is regulated using the drainage mode, treating excess water before discharging it into the river. If the system is in a state of adequate water supply, the adequate water mode is used; if the system is in a state of water demand, the water demand mode is used. Where Q... 储 Q represents the water storage capacity of well 1 and culvert 3. V The design capacity of underground ditch 3 and water storage well 1.

[0062] In S2.3, after several cycles of irrigation, infiltration, collection, and storage within the system, the system determines whether to enter the water-suitable mode based on water volume monitoring and crop growth status.

[0063] The irrigation water requirement Q in S2 灌 The function is represented as:

[0064]

[0065] Among them, Q 供 The water supply capacity Q for the water storage well (1) and the underground ditch (3) min Q max These represent the minimum and maximum water requirements during crop growth, respectively, Q. 损 This represents the amount of water lost during transportation and infiltration.

[0066] In the integrated irrigation and drainage system for arid-area agriculture, water efficiency indicators include two aspects: the amount of water supplemented for conventional irrigation and the water reuse rate. The less water supplemented for conventional irrigation and the higher the water reuse rate, the better the water efficiency indicators. By obtaining the amount of water supplemented for conventional irrigation and the water reuse rate, water utilization can be assessed over a certain period. In practical application, using this integrated irrigation and drainage system for arid-area agriculture ensures efficient water recycling, guaranteeing irrigation efficiency while achieving significant water conservation. The amount of conventional irrigation water Q that needs to be supplemented in S2... 补 The function is represented as:

[0067] Q 补 =max(Q 作需 +Q 损 -Q 储 ,0), where Q 储 Q represents the current water storage capacity in the system. 作需 Q represents the crop water requirement during this period.损 This refers to the amount of water lost during transportation, infiltration, and other processes.

[0068] When Q 作需 +Q 损 储 At that time, Q 补 =0;

[0069] During the cyclical irrigation process, the water utilization efficiency η function is:

[0070] η = Q 渗 / Q 灌 ×100%, where Q 渗 Q represents the amount of water that infiltrates and collects in the underground ditch 3 and the water storage well 1 after irrigation. 灌 This refers to the amount of water required for irrigation.

[0071] This invention proposes an integrated irrigation technology for arid-area agriculture and animal husbandry based on water resource carrying capacity, which improves agricultural water use efficiency and solves the problems of low systemic recycling of irrigation water and mismatch between regional irrigation and drainage configuration and crop water requirements in current technologies. This invention addresses the characteristics of water and soil resources and agricultural layout in arid regions, strengthening the research and development of efficient water-saving technologies for agriculture under changing environments through the whole-process recycling of agricultural water use. It has the following beneficial effects: It collects and stores rainwater, reclaimed water, mine water, and other water sources meeting irrigation water quality requirements within the region, as well as irrigation infiltration and drainage, in underground ditches and reservoirs, thus broadening the range of irrigation water sources and improving regional water supply capacity; it comprehensively considers the available water supply and the growth stages and key water requirements of local crops for irrigation, achieving recycling within farmland, reducing fertilizer loss due to drainage, and realizing efficient water use at the farmland scale, reducing external discharge and non-point source pollution; it regulates near-surface groundwater levels through irrigation-storage-drainage measures in underground ditches 3 and reservoirs 1, improving the utilization rate of unconventional water sources such as rainwater, reclaimed water, and mine water, and improving the regional ecological environment and microclimate. The goal is to improve the utilization rate of rainwater and other water sources, and improve the regional ecological environment and microclimate. Through irrigation regulation, the recycling and efficient water conservation are promoted, achieving scientific allocation and precise control of water use, and ensuring that regional irrigation water allocation matches crop water requirements. It should be understood that terms such as "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0072] ​The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Content not described in detail in the embodiments of this invention belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0073] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for integrated irrigation in arid regions, characterized in that, This is achieved using an integrated water-suitable irrigation system for arid region agriculture, wherein the system includes: A water storage well (1) is provided with a water storage chamber (11) for storing water. Open ditches (2) are connected to the water storage wells (1) and there are several of them, and several of the open ditches (2) are set on the ground surface; The underground ditch (3) is connected to the water storage well (1) and there are several of them. The underground ditch (3) is located in the soil at a certain distance from the ground surface. The open ditch (2) and the underground ditch (3) are each provided with a first control valve (12) at the end near the water storage well (1). It also includes a covering layer (4) set around the water storage well (1) and the open ditch (2), the covering layer (4) being a biological material covering the ground surface; the covering layer (4) is used to reduce evaporation, collect water vapor in the ground air and increase the surface soil moisture content; Also includes: A filter pool (5) is arranged around the water storage well (1) for treating the collected water source. The open ditch (2) and the underground ditch (3) are both connected to the water storage well (1) through the filter pool (5). The filter pool (5) is provided with a filter chamber (51). A water level measuring component (6) is installed inside the water storage well (1); The spraying assembly (7) is disposed on one side of the filter tank (5) and connected to the filter tank (5), and is used to spray the treatment agent into the filter chamber (51); A filling and suction assembly (8) is disposed on one side of the filter tank (5). One end of the filling and suction assembly (8) extends through the filter tank (5) into the filter chamber (51) and is used to fill the filter tank (5) with air or extract the sediment in the filter tank (5). The drainage ditch (9) is connected at one end to the filter pool (5) and at the other end to the river. The method includes: Step 1: Collect and store water sources that meet the irrigation water quality requirements within the area in the underground ditch (3) and the water storage well (1), wherein the water sources include: surface water, groundwater, rainwater, reclaimed water, mine water, and irrigation infiltration, drainage or mixed water sources; Step 2: Using the critical water requirement threshold during crop growth as the control indicator, monitor the weather, soil and plant growth in real time, and comprehensively consider the available water, the local crop growth stage and the critical water requirement threshold for irrigation. The irrigation regulation mode in step 2 is divided into three types: water demand mode, water availability mode, and drainage mode. The specific steps for regulating irrigation include: Step 2.1: Obtain the available water volume Q of the water storage well (1) and the underground ditch (3) in real time. 供 Determine the available water supply and the minimum water requirement Q during crop growth. min And the highest water requirement Q during crop growth max The relationship, if Q 供 min At this time, the water demand state is in effect, and irrigation is controlled in a water demand mode. Water is introduced from the outside to supplement the water storage well (1) and the underground ditch (3). The water collected and supplemented in the water storage well (1) is used to irrigate the crops in a timely manner. The amount of water required to supplement is Q. 补 The function is represented as Q 补 =Q 灌 -Q 供 Q 灌 The irrigation water requirement is based on the growth stage of the crop.​ Step 2.2: Continuously obtain the available water supply and determine the relationship between the available water supply and the minimum and maximum water requirements during crop growth. Continuously replenish the water source until Q is reached. min 供 max At this time, the water level is suitable, and the irrigation is controlled in a suitable water mode. There is no need to supplement water from the outside. Water is collected and crops are irrigated using only the water storage well (1) and the underground ditch (3).​​ Step 2.3: Conduct cyclic irrigation under the appropriate water level mode. Based on water volume monitoring and crop growth status, determine the irrigation status for the next cycle in real time. If Q... 供 Q max And Q 储 Q V If the water level is low, the system is in a drainage state. Irrigation is regulated using drainage mode, where excess water is treated and discharged into the river. If the water level is suitable, the suitable water mode is used; if the water level is in demand, the demand mode is used. Where Q... 储 Q represents the water storage capacity of the well (1) and the culvert (3). V The design capacity of the underground ditch (3) and the water storage well (1); Q 储 The function is represented as: Q 储 =Q 雨 +Q 再 +Q 渗 +Q 矿 +Q 补 -Q 作实 -Q 损 ≤Q V , where Q 雨 Q represents rainfall storage. 再 For the amount of reclaimed water supplied, Q 矿 Q represents the mine water supply. 渗 Q represents the amount of water that infiltrates and collects in the underground ditch (3) and the water storage well (1) after irrigation. 补 Q represents the amount of water replenished for regular irrigation. 作实 Q represents the actual water requirement of the crop. 损 This represents the amount of water lost during transportation and infiltration. Irrigation water requirement Q 灌 The function is represented as: Among them, Q 供 The water supply capacity Q for the water storage well (1) and the underground ditch (3) min Q max These represent the minimum and maximum water requirements during crop growth, respectively, Q. 损 This represents the amount of water lost during transportation and infiltration. The amount of regular irrigation water that needs to be supplemented, Q 补 The function is represented as: Q 补 =max(Q) 作需 +Q 损 -Q 储 ,0), where Q 储 Q represents the current water storage capacity in the system. 作需 Q represents the crop water requirement during this period. 损 This refers to the amount of water lost during transportation and infiltration. When Q 作需 +Q 损 储 At that time, Q 补 =0;​ During the cyclical irrigation process, the water utilization efficiency η function is: η=Q 渗 / Q 灌 ×100%, where Q 渗 Q represents the amount of water that infiltrates and collects in the underground ditch (3) and the water storage well (1) after irrigation. 灌 This refers to the amount of water required for irrigation.

2. The integrated water-suitable irrigation method for arid region agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the open ditch (2) and the culvert (3) are equipped with flow meters, which are used to monitor the flow velocity and water volume in the open ditch (2) or the culvert (3).

3. The integrated water-suitable irrigation method for arid-area agriculture according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second control valve (52) is provided between the filter pool (5) and the drainage ditch (9), and a third control valve (53) is provided between the filter pool (5) and the water storage well (1). A water quality detector (54) is provided inside the filter pool (5), and the water quality detector (54) is electrically connected to the second control valve (52), the third control valve (53) and the water level measuring component (6).

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