An integrated electric-spark deposition gun head and a deposition method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated electric spark deposition gun head and a deposition method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electric spark deposition gun heads. The integrated electric spark deposition gun head comprises an electric spark deposition gun head and a laser gun head, and a rotating adjusting part is arranged between the electric spark deposition gun head and the laser gun head. The deposition method comprises the following steps: adjusting the laser gun head, irradiating a workpiece to be welded by a laser welding gun, softening the workpiece to be welded, contacting the electric spark deposition gun head with the workpiece to be welded to carry out deposition welding, welding the workpiece to be welded by the electric spark deposition gun head, vibrating the deposition gun head by a vibrator, blowing gas to the welding position at the same time of welding, generating a first linear displacement of the deposition gun head, and setting a first opening degree of a gas blowing channel; generating a second linear displacement of the deposition gun head, and setting a second opening degree of the gas blowing channel; generating a third linear displacement of the deposition gun head, and setting a third opening degree of the gas blowing channel. The electric spark deposition gun and the gas blowing gun are integrated, the electric spark deposition is protected by real-time gas blowing at the same time, the internal structure can adjust the gas blowing opening degree according to the pressure of the deposition gun head, and the electric spark deposition gun head can achieve the best deposition effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an electric spark surface deposition welding process, specifically to an integrated electric spark deposition torch and its deposition method. Background Technology

[0002] Electrical discharge surface deposition (EDS) is a welding process. Currently, most EDS operations are performed using handheld welding torches. Because the pressure is unstable during handheld operation, it constantly changes. With a fixed discharge energy, when the pressure increases, more of the alloy layer is extruded outwards, resulting in a larger deposition area per point; conversely, when the pressure decreases, less of the alloy layer is extruded outwards, resulting in a smaller deposition area per point. Experiments show that adjusting the air volume at different pressures (smaller air volume at lower pressures, larger air volume at higher pressures) leads to better surface deposition results. However, current EDS torches only have an air blower on one side of the torch head, which cannot adjust the air volume according to the contact pressure, resulting in poor air blowing performance.

[0003] In the existing technology, an air gun is set on one side of the gun head during spark deposition. However, the air gun cannot adjust the air volume according to the contact pressure, and the air blowing effect is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated electrical discharge deposition nozzle and its deposition method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An integrated electric spark deposition gun head includes an electric spark deposition gun head and a laser gun head, wherein a rotation adjustment part is provided between the electric spark deposition gun head and the laser gun head; The electrical discharge deposition nozzle includes a nozzle housing and a handle passing through the top of the nozzle housing. Several air inlets are provided on the outer wall of the nozzle housing, and an annular air outlet is provided at the bottom end of the nozzle housing. A vibrator, an elastic transmission mechanism, and a deposition nozzle are arranged sequentially below the handle. Air blowing channels are provided around the vibrator, the elastic transmission mechanism, and the deposition nozzle. The bottom end of the deposition nozzle passes through the annular air outlet, and the deposition end of the deposition nozzle is located outside the annular air outlet. The vibrator drives the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle to vibrate. The deposition nozzle and the elastic transmission mechanism can be linearly displaced relative to the vibrator along the axial direction. The elastic transmission mechanism includes a first elastic movable part and a second elastic movable part. One end of the first elastic movable part is fixedly connected to the output end of the vibrator, and the other end is connected to the second elastic movable part. The end of the second elastic movable part away from the first elastic movable part is connected to the deposition gun head. When the displacement of the deposition nozzle along the axial direction increases, the opening of the air blowing channel increases, and the amount of protective gas blown from the annular air outlet to the deposition end of the deposition nozzle increases. When the displacement of the deposition nozzle along the axial direction decreases, the opening of the air blowing channel decreases, and the amount of protective gas blown from the annular air outlet to the deposition end of the deposition nozzle decreases.

[0006] To further realize the present invention, the elastic transmission mechanism, while conveying the vibration source output by the vibrator (120) to the deposition nozzle, can also be pushed by the deposition nozzle to slide along the axial direction. The elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle can sequentially generate a first segment of linear displacement, a second segment of linear displacement, and a third segment of linear displacement in the axial direction; and When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle produce the first linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening of the air blowing channel is the first opening. When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle produce a second linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening of the air blowing channel is the second opening. When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle produce a third linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the third opening degree; and the air outlet value of the first opening degree is less than the air outlet value of the second opening degree, and the air outlet value of the second opening degree is less than the air outlet value of the third opening degree.

[0007] To further realize the present invention, the rotation adjustment part includes an arc-shaped adjustment frame and a rotation adjustment rod. An arc-shaped adjustment groove is provided on the arc-shaped adjustment frame. One end of the rotation adjustment rod is rotatably connected to one end of the arc-shaped adjustment frame. A fastening bolt is provided at the other end of the rotation adjustment rod. The fastening bolt is inserted into the arc-shaped adjustment groove. The bottom end of the fastening bolt is fixedly connected to the top surface of the laser gun head.

[0008] To further realize the present invention, the first elastic movable part includes a first compression spring and a first spring rod, with the first compression spring sleeved on the outer periphery of the first spring rod; the second elastic movable part includes a second housing, a second compression spring, and a second sliding part, with the top end of the second compression spring fixedly connected to the top surface of the second housing and the bottom end fixedly connected to the top end of the second sliding part.

[0009] To further realize the present invention, elastic pins are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second sliding part, and limiting grooves are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the second housing. The limiting grooves include a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove arranged along the axial direction, and the elastic pins are slidably arranged in the first limiting groove or the second limiting groove.

[0010] To further realize the present invention, a driven adjustment part is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the deposition nozzle. The driven adjustment part includes a stepped part and an elastic valve assembly. The stepped part includes a first stepped surface, a second stepped surface and a third stepped surface arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction of the deposition nozzle. The diameters of the first stepped surface, the second stepped surface and the third stepped surface decrease in sequence. A sliding inclined surface is provided at the connection of adjacent stepped surfaces. The elastic valve assembly is symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the nozzle housing. The elastic valve assembly includes a compression spring and a valve body. One side of the valve body abuts against the stepped part. The two ends of the compression spring are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the valve body away from the stepped part and the inner wall of the deposition nozzle. A variable-diameter blowing channel is formed between the side of the valve body away from the stepped surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition nozzle.

[0011] To further realize the present invention, when the elastic pin slides in the first limiting groove, the outer diameter of the elastic valve assembly and the first stepped surface abuts, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the first opening degree, and the sliding stroke of the elastic pin in the first limiting groove is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the first stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: 0 <F 第一压力 <k1X1 When the elastic pin slides within the second limiting groove, the outer diameters of the elastic valve assembly and the second stepped surface abut, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the second opening degree, and the sliding stroke of the elastic pin within the second limiting groove is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the second stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: k1X1 <F 第二压力 <k1(X1+ X2) When the first compression spring and the first spring rod are compressed along the axial direction, the elastic valve assembly and the outer diameter of the third stepped surface abut against each other, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the third opening degree, and the compression stroke of the first compression spring and the first spring rod is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the third stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: k1(X1+X2) <F 第二压力 <k1(X1+ X2)+ k2X3 Where k1 is the elastic coefficient of the second compression spring, k2 is the overall elastic coefficient of the first compression spring and the first spring rod, X1 is the first linear displacement, X2 is the second linear displacement, and X3 is the third linear displacement.

[0012] To further realize the present invention, the central angle of the arc-shaped adjustment groove is 30°.

[0013] To further realize the present invention, a protective cover is provided at the bottom of the deposition nozzle, and a threaded connection is provided between the protective cover and the nozzle housing.

[0014] A deposition method for an integrated electric spark deposition nozzle, characterized in that the deposition method includes: S1. First, adjust the laser gun head to a suitable position by rotating the adjustment unit, and then irradiate the workpiece to be welded with the laser welding gun to soften the workpiece. S2. The electric spark deposition gun head comes into contact with the workpiece to be welded, and the softened workpiece to be welded is deposited and welded by the electric spark deposition gun head. S3. When the electric spark deposition torch head is used to weld the workpiece, the vibrator works and drives the deposition torch head to vibrate, and air is blown onto the welding area at the same time as welding. S4. When the electrical discharge deposition torch head is welding the workpiece to be welded, when the deposition torch head produces a first linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a first opening degree; when the deposition torch head produces a second linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a second opening degree; when the deposition torch head produces a third linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a third opening degree.

[0015] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: The purpose of the elastic transmission mechanism in this invention is twofold: firstly, it transmits the high-frequency vibration of the vibrator to the deposition torch head, ensuring high-frequency vibration during deposition welding; secondly, when the deposition torch head contacts the surface of the workpiece to be welded and is subjected to pressure, this pressure acts on the deposition torch head and the elastic transmission mechanism, causing the deposition torch head to displace along its axial direction. The elastic transmission mechanism ensures this displacement, thereby coordinating with the driven adjustment unit to adjust the opening of the air blowing channel. Furthermore, when the deposition torch head is suddenly subjected to an external impact or a large force, the elastic transmission mechanism also acts as a buffer, preventing the deposition torch head and vibrator from being damaged by rigid impacts.

[0016] When the surface pressure of the EDM torch and the workpiece to be welded is low, the torch moves slightly along the axial direction, and the air outlet opening of the linkage air blowing mechanism is small. Conversely, when the surface pressure of the EDM torch and the workpiece to be welded is high, the torch moves significantly along the axial direction, and the air outlet opening of the linkage air blowing mechanism is large. In other words, this application integrates the EDM torch and the air blowing gun into a single torch, enabling both EDM deposition and real-time air blowing protection. Furthermore, through its internal structural design, the air outlet opening can be flexibly adjusted according to the torch pressure, thereby achieving optimal deposition results and forming a qualified and higher-quality deposition layer on the surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0017] The air outlet of the air blowing mechanism is an annular air outlet. During deposition welding and air blowing, the blown protective gas can be blown evenly to the end of the deposition gun head. In other words, the protective gas can be evenly dispersed on the deposition layer. Compared with the existing technology where a separate air blowing gun is set on one side of the deposition gun head and can only blow towards the part of the gun head, this setting blows more evenly and has a better protective effect.

[0018] The first elastic movable part includes a first compression spring and a first spring rod, so its elastic potential energy is relatively large. It will only deform after being subjected to a large force (the elastic pin will only start to deform after sliding in the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove). In this application, the compression amount of the first compression spring and the first spring rod can be set to 4mm, the movable displacement of the elastic pin in the first limiting groove is also 4mm, and the movable displacement of the elastic pin in the second limiting groove is also 4mm.

[0019] The laser gun head of the present invention can irradiate and soften the workpiece to be welded before deposition welding, thereby improving the effect of electrical discharge deposition.

[0020] This invention incorporates a blowing mechanism that integrates a protective gas blowing channel inside the electric spark deposition gun head. During welding, air is blown simultaneously, effectively integrating the blowing gun and deposition gun into one unit. This allows for protective blowing during deposition and welding. Experiments have shown that adjusting the blowing volume of the protective gas during deposition, based on varying deposition intensity, can improve the surface deposition effect. Therefore, the ingenious internal structure achieves the beneficial effect of varying blowing volumes depending on the deposition intensity, offering advantages such as simple structure, convenient operation, and timely response.

[0021] This invention integrates an electrical discharge deposition gun and an air blowing gun into one gun, which can perform electrical discharge deposition while providing real-time air blowing protection. Furthermore, through the design of the internal structure, the air outlet opening can be flexibly adjusted according to the pressure of the deposition gun head, thereby enabling the electrical discharge deposition gun head to achieve the best deposition effect and form a qualified and higher quality deposition layer on the surface of the workpiece to be welded. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrical discharge deposition gun head in this invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a portion of the structure in section A; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of a local structure in section B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotation adjustment part in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electric spark deposition nozzle moving along a curve during deposition in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when a protective cover is installed on the tip of the electric spark deposition gun in this invention; Figure 8 A microscopic view of the deposited surface obtained after the implementation of this invention; The reference numerals in the attached figures have the following meanings: 100, Electrospark Deposition Gun Head; 110, Gun Handle; 120, Vibrator; 130, Elastic Transmission Mechanism; 131, First Elastic Movable Part; 1311, First Compression Spring; 1312, First Spring Rod; 132, Second Elastic Movable Part; 1321, Second Housing; 1322, Second Compression Spring; 1323, Second Sliding Part; 1324, Elastic Pin; 1325, First Limiting Groove; 1326, Second Limiting Groove; 140, Gun Head Housing; 141, Elastic... Valve assembly; 142, Compression spring; 143, Valve body; 150, Deposition gun head; 151, Deposition end; 152, Stepped section; 1521, First step surface; 1522, Second step surface; 1523, Third step surface; 1524, Sliding inclined surface; 160, Air blowing channel; 161, Annular air outlet; 170, Protective cover; 200, Laser gun head; 300, Rotation adjustment part; 310, Arc-shaped adjustment bracket; 320, Rotation adjustment rod; 330, Arc-shaped adjustment groove; 340, Fastening bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1-7 As shown, an integrated electrical discharge deposition gun head includes an electrical discharge deposition gun head 100 and a laser gun head 200, and a rotation adjustment part 300 is provided between the electrical discharge deposition gun head 100 and the laser gun head 200. The electrical discharge deposition nozzle 100 includes a nozzle housing 140 and a nozzle handle 110 passing through the top of the nozzle housing 140. Several air inlets are provided on the outer wall of the nozzle housing 140, and an annular air outlet 161 is provided at the bottom end of the nozzle housing 140. A vibrator 120, an elastic transmission mechanism 130, and a deposition nozzle 150 are arranged sequentially below the nozzle handle 110. An air blowing channel 160 is provided around the vibrator 120, the elastic transmission mechanism 130, and the deposition nozzle 150. The bottom end of the deposition nozzle 150 passes through the annular air outlet 161, and the deposition end 151 of the deposition nozzle 150 is located outside the annular air outlet 161. The vibrator 120 drives the elastic transmission mechanism 130 and the deposition nozzle 150 to vibrate. The deposition nozzle 150 and the elastic transmission mechanism 130 can be linearly displaced relative to the vibrator 120 along the axial direction. The elastic transmission mechanism 130 includes a first elastic movable part 131 and a second elastic movable part 132. One end of the first elastic movable part 131 is fixedly connected to the output end of the vibrator 120, and the other end is connected to the second elastic movable part 132. The end of the second elastic movable part 132 away from the first elastic movable part 131 is connected to the deposition gun head 150. When the displacement of the deposition nozzle 150 along the axial direction increases, the opening of the air blowing channel 160 increases, and the amount of protective gas blown from the annular air outlet 161 to the deposition end 151 of the deposition nozzle 150 increases. When the displacement of the deposition nozzle 150 along the axial direction decreases, the opening of the air blowing channel 160 decreases, and the amount of protective gas blown from the annular air outlet 161 to the deposition end 151 of the deposition nozzle 150 decreases.

[0025] The elastic transmission mechanism 130, while transmitting the vibration source output from the vibrator 120 to the deposition nozzle 150, can also be pushed by the deposition nozzle 150 to slide along the axial direction. The elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle 150 can sequentially generate a first segment of linear displacement, a second segment of linear displacement, and a third segment of linear displacement in the axial direction; and When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle 150 produce the first linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening of the air blowing channel 160 is the first opening. When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle 150 produce a second linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening of the air blowing channel 160 is the second opening. When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle 150 produce a third linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening of the air blowing channel 160 is the third opening; and the air outlet value of the first opening is less than the air outlet value of the second opening, and the air outlet value of the second opening is less than the air outlet value of the third opening.

[0026] The rotation adjustment part 300 includes an arc-shaped adjustment frame 310 and a rotation adjustment rod 320. An arc-shaped adjustment groove 330 is provided on the arc-shaped adjustment frame 310. One end of the rotation adjustment rod 320 is rotatably connected to one end of the arc-shaped adjustment frame 310. A fastening bolt 340 is provided at the other end of the rotation adjustment rod 320. The fastening bolt 340 is inserted into the arc-shaped adjustment groove 330. The bottom end of the fastening bolt 340 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the laser gun head 200.

[0027] The first elastic movable part 131 includes a first compression spring 1311 and a first spring rod 1312, with the first compression spring 1311 sleeved on the outer periphery of the first spring rod 1312; the second elastic movable part 132 includes a second housing 1321, a second compression spring 1322, and a second sliding part 1323, with the top end of the second compression spring 1322 fixedly connected to the top surface of the second housing 1321 and the bottom end fixedly connected to the top end of the second sliding part 1323.

[0028] The second sliding part 1323 has elastic pins 1324 symmetrically arranged on both sides, and the inner wall of the second housing 1321 has symmetrically arranged limiting grooves. The limiting grooves include a first limiting groove 1325 and a second limiting groove 1326 arranged along the axial direction. The elastic pins 1324 are slidably arranged in the first limiting groove 1325 or the second limiting groove 1326.

[0029] The outer periphery of the deposition nozzle 150 is also fitted with a driven adjustment part, which includes a stepped part 152 and an elastic valve assembly 141. The stepped part 152 includes a first stepped surface 1521, a second stepped surface 1522, and a third stepped surface 1523 arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction of the deposition nozzle 150. The diameters of the first stepped surface 1521, the second stepped surface 1522, and the third stepped surface 1523 decrease sequentially. A sliding inclined surface 1524 is provided at the connection of adjacent stepped surfaces. The elastic valve assembly 141 is symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the nozzle housing 140. The elastic valve assembly 141 includes a compression spring 142 and a valve body 143. One side of the valve body 143 abuts against the stepped part 152. The two ends of the compression spring 142 are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the valve body 143 away from the stepped part 152 and the inner wall of the deposition nozzle 150. A variable-diameter blowing channel is formed between the side of the valve body away from the stepped surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition nozzle.

[0030] When the elastic pin slides within the first limiting groove, the outer diameter of the elastic valve assembly and the first stepped surface abuts, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the first opening degree, and the sliding stroke of the elastic pin within the first limiting groove is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the first stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: 0 <F 第一压力 <k1X1 When the elastic pin slides within the second limiting groove, the outer diameters of the elastic valve assembly and the second stepped surface abut, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the second opening degree, and the sliding stroke of the elastic pin within the second limiting groove is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the second stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: k1X1 <F 第二压力 <k1X1+ X2 When the first compression spring and the first spring rod are compressed along the axial direction, the elastic valve assembly and the outer diameter of the third stepped surface abut against each other, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the third opening degree, and the compression stroke of the first compression spring and the first spring rod is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the third stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: k1X1+ X2 <F 第二压力 <k1X1+ X2+ k2X3 Where k1 is the elastic coefficient of the second compression spring, k2 is the overall elastic coefficient of the first compression spring and the first spring rod, X1 is the first linear displacement, X2 is the second linear displacement, and X3 is the third linear displacement.

[0031] The central angle of the arc-shaped adjustment groove 330 is 30°.

[0032] The bottom of the deposition nozzle 150 is also provided with a protective cover 170, and the protective cover 170 is threadedly connected to the nozzle housing 140.

[0033] A deposition method for an electrical discharge deposition nozzle, the deposition method comprising: S1. First, adjust the laser gun head to a suitable position by rotating the adjustment unit, and then irradiate the workpiece to be welded with the laser welding gun to soften the workpiece. S2. The electric spark deposition gun head comes into contact with the workpiece to be welded, and the softened workpiece to be welded is deposited and welded by the electric spark deposition gun head. S3. When the electric spark deposition torch head is used to weld the workpiece, the vibrator works and drives the deposition torch head to vibrate, and air is blown onto the welding area at the same time as welding. S4. When the electrical discharge deposition torch head is welding the workpiece to be welded, when the deposition torch head produces a first linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a first opening degree; when the deposition torch head produces a second linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a second opening degree; when the deposition torch head produces a third linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a third opening degree.

[0034] The vibrator 120 drives the elastic transmission mechanism 130 and the deposition nozzle 150 to vibrate, and the deposition nozzle 150 and the elastic transmission mechanism 130 can be linearly displaced relative to the vibrator 120 along the axial direction.

[0035] The intake end provides protective gas. The route of the protective gas from the intake end into the electrical discharge deposition nozzle 100 and then blowing towards the deposition nozzle 150 can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2 As shown by the thick dashed line, the air outlet of the air blowing mechanism surrounds the deposition nozzle 150. The active control unit moves along the axial direction with the deposition nozzle 150, thereby coordinating with the driven adjustment unit to adjust and change the air outlet opening of the air blowing channel 160 toward the side of the deposition nozzle 150.

[0036] When the displacement of the deposition nozzle 150 along the axial direction increases, the opening of the air channel 160 increases; when the displacement of the deposition nozzle 150 along the axial direction decreases, the opening of the air channel 160 decreases.

[0037] The laser emitting end of the laser gun head points in front of the deposition gun head 150. During deposition welding, the laser emitting end irradiates the position of the workpiece to be welded in front of the deposition gun head 150. After the workpiece to be welded is softened, the deposition gun head 150 performs deposition welding. During welding, when the deposition gun head 150 contacts the workpiece to be welded and the displacement of the deposition gun head 150 along the axial direction changes, the air outlet opening of the air blowing mechanism also changes linearly.

[0038] The displacement along the axial direction after the deposition torch 150 contacts the workpiece to be welded is divided into multiple stages, such as 3, 4, or even more stages. The air outlet opening of the air blowing channel 160 is also divided into multiple different openings, such as 3, 4, or more openings. For example, the displacement along the axial direction of the deposition torch 150 after contacting the workpiece to be welded, from 0 to 12 mm, can be divided into 3 displacement stages, each displacement stage being 4 mm. Each displacement stage corresponds to a different opening. For example, the air outlet opening of the air blowing channel 160 in the first displacement stage of 0-4 mm is 30%, the air outlet opening of the air blowing channel 160 in the second displacement stage of 4-8 mm is 60%, and the air outlet opening of the air blowing channel 160 in the third displacement stage of 8-12 mm is 100%. The effect of this setting is that it is easier to control and can form a stepped control hierarchy, which is more applicable in the actual deposition welding process.

[0039] While the elastic transmission mechanism 130 transmits the vibration source output by the vibrator 120 to the deposition nozzle 150, it can also be pushed by the deposition nozzle 150 to slide along the axial direction. Furthermore, the elastic transmission mechanism 130 and the deposition nozzle 150 can sequentially generate a first segment of linear displacement, a second segment of linear displacement, and a third segment of linear displacement in the axial direction. When the deposition nozzle 150 generates displacement along the axial direction, the active control unit can coordinate with the passive adjustment unit to make adjustments.

[0040] When the elastic transmission mechanism 130 and the deposition nozzle 150 undergo a first linear displacement along the axial direction, the active control unit, in conjunction with the driven adjustment unit, adjusts the opening of the air blowing channel 160 to a first opening. When the elastic transmission mechanism 130 and the deposition nozzle 150 undergo a second linear displacement along the axial direction, the active control unit, in conjunction with the driven adjustment unit, adjusts the opening of the air blowing channel 160 to a second opening. When the elastic transmission mechanism 130 and the deposition nozzle 150 undergo a third linear displacement along the axial direction, the active control unit, in conjunction with the driven adjustment unit, adjusts the opening of the air blowing channel 160 to a third opening. Furthermore, the air outlet value of the first opening is less than the air outlet value of the second opening, and the air outlet value of the second opening is less than the air outlet value of the third opening.

[0041] For example, after the deposition nozzle 150 contacts the workpiece to be welded, its displacement along the axial direction is 0-12mm. The first linear displacement corresponds to 0-4mm, with the corresponding air outlet opening of the air channel 160 being 25%, 30%, 35%, etc. The second linear displacement corresponds to 4-8mm, with the corresponding air outlet opening of the air channel 160 being 50%, 60%, 65%, etc. The third linear displacement corresponds to 8-12mm, with the corresponding air outlet opening of the air channel 160 being 85%, 90%, 100%, etc. Furthermore, relative sliding or vibration is possible within different linear displacement ranges. When the deposition nozzle 150 and the workpiece to be welded come into contact under force, they generate three different displacements, which, in conjunction with the air channel 160, result in three different opening sizes, improving adaptability and fit.

[0042] At the beginning of the deposition welding, the pressure between the deposition torch 150 and the workpiece to be welded is small. When displacement occurs, the deposition torch 150 moves along the axial direction, and the elastic pin 1324 slides in the first limiting groove 1325. At this time, the deposition torch 150 and the driven adjustment part are linked, the elastic valve assembly 141 and the first step surface 1521 abut, and the opening of the air blowing channel 160 formed between the side of the valve body 143 away from the step surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition torch 150 is small. The opening at this time is the first opening. In the second working condition, the pressure between the deposition gun head 150 and the workpiece to be welded is relatively large, and the deposition gun head 150 moves within a range of 4-8 mm along the axial direction. At this time, the elastic pin 1324 slides in the second limiting groove 1326, the deposition gun head 150 and the driven adjustment part are linked, the elastic valve assembly 141 and the second step surface 1522 abut, and the air blowing channel 160 formed between the side of the valve body 143 away from the step surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition gun head 150 has a large opening. The opening at this time is the second opening. In the third working condition, the pressure between the deposition nozzle 150 and the workpiece to be welded is relatively large. The deposition nozzle 150 moves within the range of 8-12mm along the axial direction. At this time, the elastic pin 1324 is in the second limiting groove 1326 and no longer slides. At this time, the first compression spring 1311 and the first spring rod 1312 are compressed. The deposition nozzle 150 and the driven adjustment part are linked. The elastic valve assembly 141 and the third step surface 1523 abut against each other. The opening of the air blowing channel 160 formed between the side of the valve body 143 away from the step surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition nozzle 150 is at its maximum. The opening at this time is the third opening.

[0043] The first elastic movable part 131 and the second elastic movable part 132 can transmit the high-frequency vibration of the vibrator 120, and can also move along the axial direction under force, thereby controlling the opening degree of the air blowing channel 160. Furthermore, under three-segment linear displacement, the deposition nozzle 150 can also vibrate at high frequency or slide within a small range. In this application, the related control and linkage structures are all set as mechanical structures, which are more stable than solutions using electronic sensors, easier to inspect and repair after damage, and have lower usage and maintenance costs.

[0044] When the elastic pin 1324 slides within the first limiting groove 1325, the outer diameter of the elastic valve assembly 141 and the first stepped surface 1521 abuts, the opening degree of the air blowing channel 160 is the first opening degree, and the sliding stroke of the elastic pin 1324 within the first limiting groove 1325 is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly 141 on the first stepped surface 1521. At this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle 150 is: 0 <F 第一压力 <k1X1 When the elastic pin 1324 slides within the second limiting groove 1326, the outer diameters of the elastic valve assembly 141 and the second stepped surface 1522 abut against each other, the opening degree of the air blowing channel 160 is the second opening degree, and the sliding stroke of the elastic pin 1324 within the second limiting groove 1326 is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly 141 on the second stepped surface 1522. At this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle 150 is: k1X1 <F 第二压力 <k1(X1+ X2) When the first compression spring 1311 and the first spring rod 1312 are compressed along the axial direction, the outer diameter of the elastic valve assembly 141 and the third stepped surface 1523 abuts, the opening degree of the air blowing channel 160 is the third opening degree, and the compression stroke of the first compression spring 1311 and the first spring rod 1312 is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly 141 on the third stepped surface 1523; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle 150 is: k1(X1+X2) <F 第二压力 <k1(X1+ X2)+ k2X3 Wherein, k1 is the elastic coefficient of the second compression spring 1322, k2 is the overall elastic coefficient of the first compression spring 1311 and the first spring rod 1312, X1 is the first linear displacement, X2 is the second linear displacement, and X3 is the third linear displacement.

[0045] With this structural design, the larger the diameter of the stepped surface, the smaller the opening when the elastic valve assembly 141 and the corresponding stepped surface come into contact; the smaller the diameter of the stepped surface, the larger the opening when the elastic valve assembly 141 and the corresponding stepped surface come into contact. Furthermore, through the linkage and cooperation of the stepped part 152, the first elastic movable part 131, and the second elastic movable part 132, the pressure between the deposition gun head 150 and the workpiece to be welded is first converted into the displacement or sliding of the deposition gun head 150 in the axial direction, and finally converted into the opening of the air blowing mechanism. The lower the pressure, the smaller the opening; the higher the pressure, the larger the opening.

[0046] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, there is a certain distance between the electrospark deposition gun head 100 and the laser gun head 200. Therefore, when the integrated electrospark deposition gun head moves along the curve, it can be seen that... Figure 6 Because the laser gun head 200 is located at the front end of the electrical discharge deposition gun head 100, the actual paths of the electrical discharge deposition gun head 100 and the laser gun head 200 are as follows: Figure 6 As shown in line L1, the workpiece actually softened by the laser gun head 200 differs from the area actually deposited by the subsequent electrical discharge deposition gun head 100. Specifically, the softened area is not deposited, and the deposited area is not softened. However, by setting the rotation adjustment unit 300, the deflection angle of the laser gun head 200 can be adjusted. After deflection, the paths of the electrical discharge deposition gun head 100 and the laser gun head 200 are as follows... Figure 6 As shown at the L2 line, this allows for accurate softening followed by deposition, even when softening and deposition are performed along the curve.

[0047] like Figure 7 As shown, the electrical discharge deposition nozzle 100 also includes a protective cover 170, which is detachably disposed at the end of the electrical discharge deposition nozzle 100 where the deposition nozzle 150 is located. When the deposition nozzle 150 is not in use, the protective cover 170 encapsulates and protects it. For example, the protective cover may have internal threads, and the nozzle housing 140 of the electrical discharge deposition nozzle 100 may have matching external threads, allowing for detachable connection via threaded connection.

[0048] During operation, the integrated electrical discharge deposition (EDD) torch head includes an EDD torch head 100 and a laser torch head 200. First, the position of the laser torch head 200 is adjusted by rotating the adjustment unit 300. Before deposition welding, the workpiece is irradiated and softened by the laser, thereby improving the EDD effect. During EDD deposition, the vibrator 120 drives the deposition torch head 150 to vibrate at high frequency. Furthermore, during deposition welding, when the pressure between the deposition torch head 150 and the workpiece is low, the resulting displacement is small (e.g., within the range of 0-4 mm). The elastic pin 1324 slides within the first limiting groove 1325. At this time, the deposition nozzle 150 and the driven adjustment unit are linked, the elastic valve assembly 141 and the first step surface 1521 abut, and the air blowing channel 160 formed between the side of the valve body 143 away from the step surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition nozzle 150 has a small opening, which is the first opening (for example, the first opening can be set between 20% and 40%). After the pressure between the deposition nozzle 150 and the workpiece to be welded increases, the displacement of the deposition nozzle 150 along the axial direction increases (e.g., (e.g., within the range of 4-8mm), at this time, the elastic pin 1324 slides within the second limiting groove 1326, the deposition nozzle 150 and the driven adjustment part are linked, the elastic valve assembly 141 and the second step surface 1522 abut, and the opening of the air blowing channel 160 formed between the side of the valve body 143 away from the step surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition nozzle 150 is relatively large. At this time, the opening is the second opening (e.g., the second opening can be set between 50% and 70%). When the pressure between the deposition nozzle 150 and the workpiece to be welded continues to increase (e.g., within 8- Within a 12mm range, the elastic pin 1324 is in the second limiting groove 1326 and no longer slides. At this time, the first compression spring 1311 and the first spring rod 1312 are compressed, the deposition gun head 150 and the driven adjustment part are linked, the elastic valve assembly 141 and the third step surface 1523 abut, and the air blowing channel 160 formed between the side of the valve body 143 away from the step surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition gun head 150 has the largest opening. At this time, the opening is the third opening (for example, the second opening can be set between 80% and 100%). In addition, during the deposition welding process, the annular air outlet 161 formed on the outer periphery of the deposition gun head 150 can blow the protective gas evenly to the entire outer periphery of the deposition gun head 150. Finally, see Figure 8 , Figure 8 The deposited surface, after laser softening and deposition using the electrical discharge deposition nozzle 100 disclosed in this application, has a uniform and smooth surface structure, free from gaps, impurities, bubbles, and other structures, resulting in a better deposition effect.

Claims

1. An integrated electrospark deposition nozzle, characterized in that: It includes an electrical discharge deposition gun head (100) and a laser gun head (200), and a rotation adjustment part (300) is provided between the electrical discharge deposition gun head (100) and the laser gun head (200). The electrospark deposition nozzle (100) includes a nozzle housing (140) and a nozzle handle (110) passing through the top of the nozzle housing (140). Several air inlets are provided on the outer wall of the nozzle housing (140), and an annular air outlet (161) is provided at the bottom end of the nozzle housing (140). Below the nozzle handle (110), a vibrator (120), an elastic transmission mechanism (130), and a deposition nozzle (150) are arranged in sequence. An air blowing channel (160) is provided on the outer periphery of the head (150). The bottom end of the deposition nozzle (150) is inserted into the annular air outlet (161). The deposition end (151) of the deposition nozzle (150) is located outside the annular air outlet (161). The vibrator (120) drives the elastic transmission mechanism (130) and the deposition nozzle (150) to vibrate. The deposition nozzle (150) and the elastic transmission mechanism (130) can be linearly displaced relative to the vibrator (120) along the axial direction. The elastic transmission mechanism (130) includes a first elastic movable part (131) and a second elastic movable part (132). One end of the first elastic movable part (131) is fixedly connected to the output end of the vibrator (120), and the other end is connected to the second elastic movable part (132). The end of the second elastic movable part (132) away from the first elastic movable part (131) is connected to the deposition gun head (150). When the displacement of the deposition nozzle (150) along the axial direction increases, the opening of the air blowing channel (160) increases, and the amount of protective gas blown from the annular air outlet (161) to the deposition end (151) of the deposition nozzle (150) increases. When the displacement of the deposition nozzle (150) along the axial direction decreases, the opening of the air blowing channel (160) decreases, and the amount of protective gas blown from the annular air outlet (161) to the deposition end (151) of the deposition nozzle (150) decreases. The first elastic movable part (131) includes a first compression spring (1311) and a first spring rod (1312), with the first compression spring (1311) sleeved on the outer periphery of the first spring rod (1312); the second elastic movable part (132) includes a second housing (1321), a second compression spring (1322), and a second sliding part (1323), with the top end of the second compression spring (1322) fixedly connected to the top surface of the second housing (1321) and the bottom end fixedly connected to the top end of the second sliding part (1323), with elastic pins (1324) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second sliding part (1323), and with limiting grooves symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the second housing (1321), with the limiting grooves including a first limiting groove (1325) and a second limiting groove (1326) arranged along the axial direction, and the elastic pins (1324) slidably arranged in the first limiting groove (1325) or the second limiting groove (1326); The rotation adjustment unit (300) includes an arc-shaped adjustment frame (310) and a rotation adjustment rod (320). An arc-shaped adjustment groove (330) is provided on the arc-shaped adjustment frame (310). One end of the rotation adjustment rod (320) is rotatably connected to one end of the arc-shaped adjustment frame (310). The other end of the rotation adjustment rod (320) is provided with a fastening bolt (340). The fastening bolt (340) is provided in the arc-shaped adjustment groove (330). The bottom end of the fastening bolt (340) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the laser gun head (200).

2. The integrated electrospark deposition nozzle as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic transmission mechanism (130) not only transmits the vibration source output by the vibrator (120) to the deposition nozzle (150), but can also be pushed by the deposition nozzle (150) to slide along the axial direction. The elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle (150) can sequentially generate a first segment of linear displacement, a second segment of linear displacement, and a third segment of linear displacement in the axial direction; and When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle (150) produce the first linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening of the air blowing channel (160) is the first opening. When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle (150) produce a second linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening of the air blowing channel (160) is the second opening. When the elastic transmission mechanism and the deposition nozzle (150) generate a third linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening of the air blowing channel (160) is the third opening; and the air outlet value of the first opening is less than the air outlet value of the second opening, and the air outlet value of the second opening is less than the air outlet value of the third opening.

3. The integrated electrospark deposition nozzle as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the deposition nozzle (150) is also fitted with a driven adjustment part, which includes a stepped part (152) and an elastic valve assembly (141). The stepped part (152) includes a first stepped surface (1521), a second stepped surface (1522), and a third stepped surface (1523) arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction of the deposition nozzle (150). The diameters of the first stepped surface (1521), the second stepped surface (1522), and the third stepped surface (1523) decrease sequentially. A sliding inclined plate is provided at the connection between adjacent stepped surfaces. On the inner wall of the nozzle housing (140), the elastic valve assembly (141) is symmetrically arranged on the surface (1524). The elastic valve assembly (141) includes a compression spring (142) and a valve body (143). One side of the valve body (143) abuts against the step portion (152). The two ends of the compression spring (142) are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the valve body (143) away from the step portion (152) and the inner wall of the deposition nozzle (150). A variable-diameter blowing channel is formed between the side of the valve body away from the step surface and the outer wall surface of the deposition nozzle.

4. The integrated electrospark deposition nozzle as described in claim 3, characterized in that: When the elastic pin slides within the first limiting groove, the outer diameter of the elastic valve assembly and the first stepped surface abuts, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the first opening degree, and the sliding stroke of the elastic pin within the first limiting groove is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the first stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: 0 < F 第一压力 < k1X1 When the elastic pin slides within the second limiting groove, the outer diameters of the elastic valve assembly and the second stepped surface abut, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the second opening degree, and the sliding stroke of the elastic pin within the second limiting groove is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the second stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: k1X1 < F 第二压力 < k1(X1 + X2) When the first compression spring and the first spring rod are compressed along the axial direction, the elastic valve assembly and the outer diameter of the third stepped surface abut against each other, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is the third opening degree, and the compression stroke of the first compression spring and the first spring rod is equal to the sliding stroke of the elastic valve assembly on the third stepped surface; and at this time, the pressure on the deposition nozzle is: k1(X1 + X2)< F 第二压力 < k1(X1 + X2)+ k2X3 Where k1 is the elastic coefficient of the second compression spring, k2 is the overall elastic coefficient of the first compression spring and the first spring rod, X1 is the first linear displacement, X2 is the second linear displacement, and X3 is the third linear displacement.

5. The integrated electrospark deposition nozzle as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The central angle of the arc-shaped adjustment groove (330) is 30°.

6. The integrated electrospark deposition nozzle as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the deposition nozzle (150) is also provided with a protective cover (170), and a threaded connection is provided between the protective cover (170) and the nozzle housing (140).

7. The deposition method for the integrated electrical discharge deposition nozzle as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The deposition method includes: S1. First, adjust the laser gun head to a suitable position by rotating the adjustment unit, and then irradiate the workpiece to be welded with the laser welding gun to soften the workpiece. S2. The electric spark deposition gun head comes into contact with the workpiece to be welded, and the softened workpiece to be welded is deposited and welded by the electric spark deposition gun head. S3. When the electric spark deposition torch head is used to weld the workpiece, the vibrator works and drives the deposition torch head to vibrate, and air is blown onto the welding area at the same time as welding. S4. When the electrical discharge deposition torch head is welding the workpiece to be welded, when the deposition torch head produces a first linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a first opening degree; when the deposition torch head produces a second linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a second opening degree; when the deposition torch head produces a third linear displacement along the axial direction, the opening degree of the air blowing channel is a third opening degree.

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