A method of forging a gearbox gear

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of forging method of gearbox gear, it is related to gearbox gear production technical field, comprising the following steps: material preparation, hot isostatic pressing forming, numerical control forging forming, precision machining and heat treatment, quality detection, finished product assembly.The present application can be directly formed into the part close to forming under high temperature and high pressure by hot isostatic pressing forming technology, greatly reduce material waste, while using numerical control forging forming compared with traditional machine cooperation manual forging, can greatly improve machining precision and material utilization rate, while improving production efficiency, quality inspection can effectively improve the yield of gearbox gear finished product to finished product, while quality inspection intelligent manipulator is assembled to gearbox gear, and the yield of finished product can be further confirmed by assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gearbox gear manufacturing, and specifically relates to a forging method for gearbox gears. Background Technology

[0002] Train wheels are the direct contact components between the train body and the railway track, undertaking the tasks of starting, driving, and braking the vehicle. As the core transmission mechanism for wheel rotation, gearbox gears play a crucial role in the power transmission and steering control of train vehicles. The strength and wear resistance of gearbox gears directly affect the service life and maintenance cycle of the wheels. High-quality gearbox gears can withstand large loads and repeated stress cycles, thereby extending the service life of the wheels and reducing maintenance costs. This is crucial for ensuring the continuity and economy of railway transportation. Typically, the forging steps of gearbox gears include blanking, heating, billet making, pre-forging and edge trimming, heating, final forging and edge trimming, heat treatment, and shot blasting. Existing forging methods for gearbox gears have the following drawbacks: (1) Low material utilization: Due to the complex structure of gearbox gears, a lot of waste and blanks are generated in the traditional forging process, resulting in low material utilization. (2) Low machining accuracy: The forging process itself has certain limitations, making it difficult to meet the strict dimensional tolerances and surface quality requirements of gearbox gears; (3) Low production efficiency: The traditional single-piece forging method has low production efficiency and is not conducive to mass production; (4) High energy consumption and cost: High-temperature heating, repeated hammering and other processes consume a lot of energy, and with labor costs, the overall production cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a forging method for gearbox gears to solve at least one of the technical problems mentioned above.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention discloses a forging method for gearbox gears, comprising the following steps: S1. Material preparation: Select high-strength alloy materials and prepare them into metal powders; S2. Hot isostatic pressing: Metal powder is hot isostatically pressed to form a forging blank, which includes a sun gear forging blank, several planetary gear forging blanks and a ring gear forging blank. S3. CNC forging: The forging billet is placed in a CNC forging machine for forging plastic deformation, and finally formed into a shaped sun gear, several shaped planetary gears and a shaped ring gear; S4. Precision machining and heat treatment: The formed sun gear, several formed planetary gears and formed ring gear are turned and ground, and then quenched and tempered to form finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears. S5. Quality Inspection: Conduct quality inspections on the finished sun gear, a number of finished planetary gears, and finished ring gears, and remove unqualified products. S6. Finished Product Assembly: The qualified finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears are assembled and packaged by intelligent robotic arms.

[0005] Preferably, step S1 includes: S10. Conduct quality inspections on high-strength alloy materials and select qualified high-strength alloy materials. S11. After cleaning and cutting the qualified high-strength alloy material, put it into the melting furnace for melting to form a molten metal. S12. The molten metal is placed into an atomizing device for atomization to form metal powder, which is then dried.

[0006] Preferably, the atomizing device uses either gas atomization or two-phase flow atomization.

[0007] Preferably, atomizing the molten metal in an atomizing device includes: S120. Before atomization, load the atomized particles into the solid particle discharge tank in advance, and check, calibrate and debug the atomization equipment. S121. During the atomization process, the atomizing gas in the high-pressure gas supply device generates a high-speed airflow under the action of the pressurizing device. The high-speed airflow is sent into the solid particle discharge tank through the gas pipeline and forms a two-phase flow together with the atomized particles in the solid particle discharge tank. S122, Two-phase flow is ejected from the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank into the atomization chamber, while molten metal is poured into the atomization chamber through the crucible; S123. The molten metal forms metal powder under the impact of the two-phase flow. The metal powder is cooled by the cooling water sprayed from the cooling water pipe and falls into the water at the bottom of the atomization chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the melting temperature of the smelting furnace is 1500℃-1650℃; The atomizing gas can be any one of nitrogen, inert gas, or clean air; The atomized particles are metal particles with the same composition as the metal powder being prepared.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes: real-time quality inspection of the metal powder during the atomization process, and timely adjustment of the atomization parameters of the atomization equipment, including the following steps: S124. Sampling inspection of the diameter of the metal powder. If the inspection is qualified, the metal powder is dried; otherwise, proceed to step S125. S125. Calculate the regulating mass flow rate for two-phase flow: S126. When the calculated regulating mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is positive, the pressure of the two-phase flow is increased by adjusting the pressure application device, thereby increasing the value of the mass flow rate sensor at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank. When the regulating mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is negative, the pressure of the two-phase flow is reduced by adjusting the pressure reducing valve, thereby decreasing the mass flow rate sensor reading at the nozzle at the outlet of the solid particle discharge tank. This ensures the quality of the metal powder.

[0010] Preferably, step S125 includes: S1250, Calculate the Weber number of the current two-phase flow: (1); in, Let be the Weber number of the current biphase flow. The diameter of the nozzle at the outlet end of the particulate matter discharge tank. The density of the atomized gas in the two-phase flow. The velocity of the atomized gas before it enters the solid particulate discharge tank. The flow rate of the molten metal in the crucible. The reference surface tension when the molten metal breaks apart. This refers to the preset number of atomized particles ejected per unit time at the nozzle at the outlet end of the particulate matter discharge tank. The reference mass for a single atomized particle. The velocity of the atomized particles in the two-phase flow is denoted as . Pi, with a value of 3.14. is the drag coefficient of two-phase flow; S1251. Calculate the regulating mass flow rate for two-phase flow: (2); in, To regulate the mass flow rate of two-phase flow, The current mass flow rate of the molten metal. Let be the detection diameter for the i-th metal powder sample, and n be the number of metal powders sampled. The preset reference diameter of the metal powder, The kinematic viscosity of a two-phase flow. It is the kinematic viscosity of the molten metal.

[0011] Preferably, hot isostatic pressing of metal powder includes: S20. Load the metal powder into the packaging and remove the gas adsorbed in the gaps between the metal powder and inside the packaging. S21. After vacuum sealing the cladding, install it into the pressure vessel of the hot isostatic press. S22. After sealing the pressure vessel, pump inert gas to the preset pressure and maintain the pressure. S23. Then, the pressure vessel is heated to the preset temperature, and hot isostatic pressing is completed under the combined action of high temperature and high pressure. S24. Remove the cladding mold by mechanical or acid leaching methods to obtain the forging blank.

[0012] Preferably, step S5 includes dimensional inspection, surface quality inspection, material performance inspection, and preliminary meshing inspection of the finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears, and finished ring gear.

[0013] Preferably, step S6 includes: S60. Parts cleaning: Check the cleanliness of the surfaces of finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears, and clean any contaminated areas. S61. Parts Assembly: Using a multi-jointed intelligent robotic arm, the finished parts are precisely grasped and the finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gear are installed on the finished planetary gear carrier. S62. Parts lubrication: Apply lubricating grease to the meshing surfaces of gear parts in the gearbox; S63. Testing and Debugging: Conduct a transmission test on the assembled gearbox gears to check whether its operation is smooth and without abnormal noise, and make fine adjustments to the position of each part; S64. Packaging and Labeling: Pack the assembled gearbox gears and affix the gearbox gear labeling information to the packaging.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention uses hot isostatic pressing technology to directly form metal powder materials into near-finished parts under high temperature and high pressure, greatly reducing material waste. At the same time, the use of CNC forging, compared with the traditional machine-assisted manual forging, can significantly improve processing accuracy and material utilization, while also improving production efficiency. Quality inspection of finished products can effectively improve the yield rate of gearbox gears. After quality inspection, the intelligent robotic arm assembles the gearbox gears, and the yield rate of the finished products can be further confirmed through assembly. 2. This invention performs real-time quality inspection of the metal powder during atomization, adjusting the atomization parameters of the atomization equipment accordingly. Based on the adjustment of the mass flow rate of the two-phase flow, when the calculated adjustment mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is positive, the pressure of the two-phase flow is increased by adjusting the pressure application device, thereby increasing the value of the mass flow rate sensor at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank. When the regulating mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is negative, the pressure of the two-phase flow is reduced by adjusting the pressure reducing valve, thereby decreasing the mass flow rate sensor reading at the nozzle at the outlet of the solid particle discharge tank. This ensures the quality of the metal powder, which in turn better guarantees the quality of gearbox gear forging. Furthermore, the calculation of the mass flow rate adjustment for two-phase flow is applicable to both gas atomization and two-phase flow atomization methods, making it widely applicable and able to meet various manufacturing needs of gearbox gears. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the atomizing device of this invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the hot isostatic pressing process of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Pressurizing device; 2. Pressure gauge; 3. Pressure reducing valve; 4. Air valve; 5. Solid particle discharge tank; 6. Solid particles; 7. Two-phase flow; 8. Atomizer; 9. Crucible; 10. Cooling water pipe; 11. Atomization chamber; 12. Cooling water; 13. Installation platform; 14. High-pressure gas supply device. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] Furthermore, in this invention, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and does not specifically refer to any order or sequence, nor is it intended to limit the invention. They are merely used to distinguish components or operations described using the same technical terms and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions and features of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If a combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0019] The present invention provides the following embodiments. Example 1 This invention provides a forging method for gearbox gears, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes the following steps: S1. Material preparation: Select high-strength alloy materials and prepare them into metal powders; S2. Hot isostatic pressing: Metal powder is hot isostatically pressed to form a forging blank, which includes a sun gear forging blank, several planetary gear forging blanks and a ring gear forging blank. S3. CNC forging: The forging billet is placed in a CNC forging machine for forging plastic deformation, and finally formed into a shaped sun gear, several shaped planetary gears and a shaped ring gear; S4. Precision machining and heat treatment: The formed sun gear, several formed planetary gears and formed ring gear are turned and ground, and then quenched and tempered to form finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears. S5. Quality Inspection: Conduct quality inspections on the finished sun gear, a number of finished planetary gears, and finished ring gears, and remove unqualified products. S6. Finished Product Assembly: The qualified finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears are assembled and packaged by intelligent robotic arms.

[0020] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: High-strength alloy materials are selected and prepared into metal powder. The metal powder is then hot isostatically pressed to form a forging blank, which includes a sun gear forging blank, several planetary gear forging blanks, and a ring gear forging blank. The forging blank is then placed in a CNC forging machine for forging plastic deformation to finally form a shaped sun gear, several shaped planetary gears, and a shaped ring gear. The shaped sun gear, several shaped planetary gears, and the shaped ring gear are then turned and ground, and subjected to quenching and tempering heat treatment to form finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears, and finished ring gears. The finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears, and finished ring gears are then subjected to quality inspection to remove unqualified products. Finally, the qualified finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears, and finished ring gears are assembled and packaged by an intelligent robotic arm. This invention employs hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technology to directly mold metal powder materials into near-finished parts under high temperature and pressure, significantly reducing material waste. Furthermore, the use of CNC forging, compared to traditional machine-assisted manual forging, greatly improves processing accuracy and material utilization, while also increasing production efficiency. Quality inspection of finished products effectively improves the yield rate of gearbox gears. After quality inspection, an intelligent robotic arm assembles the gearbox gears, further confirming the yield rate of the finished product.

[0021] Example 2 Based on Example 1, step S1 includes: S10. Conduct quality inspections on high-strength alloy materials and select qualified high-strength alloy materials. S11. After cleaning and cutting the qualified high-strength alloy material, put it into the melting furnace for melting to form a molten metal. S12. The molten metal is placed into an atomizing device for atomization to form metal powder, which is then dried.

[0022] Preferably, the atomizing device uses either gas atomization or two-phase flow atomization.

[0023] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: gas atomization is achieved by using high-speed airflow to impact the molten metal, converting the kinetic energy of the gas into the surface energy of the molten metal droplets. The droplets are then rapidly cooled to eventually form spherical powder. Compared with traditional mechanical pulverization processes, gas atomization is simple and economical. Compared with water atomization, gas atomized powder has better sphericity, a smoother surface, and lower oxygen content. Metal powder prepared by gas atomization has advantages such as small particle size, high sphericity, low oxygen content, uniform composition, high solid solubility, and low environmental pollution. Two-phase flow atomization is a method that uses a mixture of gas and solid as the atomizing medium (two-phase flow) and pressurizes the atomizing medium to form a high-speed two-phase flow that impacts the molten metal. The high-speed two-phase flow energy is converted into the surface energy of the molten metal droplets, which are then rapidly cooled to eventually form spherical powder. In addition to having the same advantages as gas atomization, two-phase flow atomization can process metal particles with smaller particle sizes than gas atomization.

[0024] Example 3 Based on Example 2, the process of atomizing the molten metal in an atomizing device includes: S120. Before atomization, the atomized particles are preloaded into the solid particle discharge tank 5, and the atomization equipment is inspected, calibrated and debugged. S121. During the atomization process, the atomizing gas in the high-pressure gas supply device 14 generates a high-speed airflow under the action of the pressurizing device 1. The high-speed airflow is sent into the solid particle discharge tank 5 through the gas pipeline and forms a two-phase flow together with the atomized particles in the solid particle discharge tank 5. S122, Two-phase flow is ejected from the nozzle at the outlet end of solid particle discharge tank 5 into atomization chamber 11, while molten metal is poured into atomization chamber 11 through crucible 9; S123. The molten metal is impacted into a fountain shape by the impact of the two-phase flow. The kinetic energy of the two-phase flow is converted into the surface energy of the molten metal. Under the action of the surface energy, the molten metal forms metal powder. The metal powder is cooled by the cooling water sprayed out by the cooling water pipe 10 and falls into the water at the bottom of the atomization chamber 11.

[0025] Preferably, the melting temperature of the smelting furnace is 1500℃-1650℃; The atomizing gas can be any one of nitrogen, inert gas, or clean air; The atomized particles are metal particles with the same composition as the metal powder being prepared.

[0026] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The atomization pressure is adjusted by the pressure applying device 1 and the pressure reducing valve 3, and the pressure value is read by the indicator on the pressure reducing valve 3. In addition, the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas supply device 14 is read by the pressure gauge 2, and the high-pressure gas supply device 14 is connected to the inlet end of the solid particle discharge tank 5 through the pressure gauge 2. During atomization, the molten metal is impacted into a fountain shape by the two-phase flow. The kinetic energy of the two-phase flow is converted into the surface energy of the molten metal, and under the action of the surface energy, the molten metal forms metal powder.

[0027] Example 4 Based on Example 3, the method further includes: real-time quality inspection of the metal powder during atomization and timely adjustment of the atomization parameters of the atomization equipment, including the following steps: S124. Sampling inspection of the diameter of the metal powder. If the inspection is qualified, the metal powder is dried; otherwise, proceed to step S125. S125. Calculate the regulating mass flow rate for two-phase flow: S126. When the calculated regulating mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is positive, the pressure of the two-phase flow is increased by adjusting the pressure application device 1, thereby increasing the value of the mass flow rate sensor at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank 5. When the regulating mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is negative, the pressure of the two-phase flow is reduced by adjusting the pressure reducing valve 3, thereby reducing the value of the mass flow rate sensor at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank 5. This ensures the quality of the metal powder; Step S125 includes: S1250, Calculate the Weber number of the current two-phase flow: (1); in, Let be the Weber number of the current biphase flow. The diameter of the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particulate discharge tank 5 is [missing information]. The density of the atomized gas in the two-phase flow. The flow rate of the atomized gas before it enters the solid particulate emission tank 5. The flow rate of the molten metal in crucible 9. The reference surface tension when the molten metal breaks apart. This represents the preset number of atomized particles ejected per unit time at the nozzle at the outlet end of solid particulate discharge tank 5. The reference mass for a single atomized particle. The velocity of the atomized particles in the two-phase flow is denoted as . Pi, with a value of 3.14. is the drag coefficient of two-phase flow; S1251. Calculate the regulating mass flow rate for two-phase flow: (2); in, To regulate the mass flow rate of two-phase flow, The current mass flow rate of the molten metal. Let be the detection diameter for the i-th metal powder sample, and n be the number of metal powders sampled. The preset reference diameter of the metal powder, The kinematic viscosity of a two-phase flow. It is the kinematic viscosity of the molten metal.

[0028] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When gas atomization is used... When the value is 0, two-phase flow atomization is used. and The density of the atomized gas in the two-phase flow is not zero. The flow rate of the atomized gas before entering the solid particulate emission tank 5 is obtained through a density sensor. The flow rate of atomized particles in a two-phase flow is obtained through a flow rate sensor. = The flow rate of the atomized gas before entering the solid particle discharge tank 5 - the flow rate of the two-phase flow at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank 5. The flow rate of the molten metal in the crucible 9 is measured by a flow rate sensor. The value ranges from 20 to 35. The value is 1.03* -1.21* g, The value ranges from 0.43 to 0.51; By performing real-time quality inspection of the metal powder during atomization, the atomization parameters of the atomization equipment can be adjusted in a timely manner. Based on the adjustment of the mass flow rate of the two-phase flow, when the calculated adjustment mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is positive, the pressure of the two-phase flow is increased by adjusting the pressure application device 1, thereby increasing the value of the mass flow rate sensor at the nozzle of the solid particle discharge tank 5 outlet. When the regulating mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is negative, the pressure of the two-phase flow is reduced by adjusting the pressure reducing valve 3, thereby reducing the value of the mass flow rate sensor at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank 5. This ensures the quality of the metal powder, which in turn better guarantees the quality of gearbox gear forging. Furthermore, the calculation of the mass flow rate adjustment for two-phase flow is applicable to both gas atomization and two-phase flow atomization methods, making it widely applicable and able to meet various manufacturing needs of gearbox gears.

[0029] Example 5 Based on Example 1, hot isostatic pressing of metal powder includes: S20. Load the metal powder into the packaging and remove the gas adsorbed in the gaps between the metal powder and inside the packaging. S21. After vacuum sealing the cladding, install it into the pressure vessel of the hot isostatic press. S22. After sealing the pressure vessel, pump inert gas to the preset pressure and maintain the pressure. S23. Then, the pressure vessel is heated to the preset temperature, and hot isostatic pressing is completed under the combined action of high temperature and high pressure. S24. Remove the cladding mold by mechanical or acid leaching methods to obtain the forging blank.

[0030] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: manufacturing gearbox gears by hot isostatic pressing can effectively improve the density and uniformity of the structure of gearbox gear parts. At the same time, hot isostatic pressing can process parts with complex shapes, which is more flexible. It can also enhance the strength, toughness, fatigue resistance and other properties of gearbox gear parts. Furthermore, compared with traditional piece-by-piece pressing and sintering, hot isostatic pressing has a shorter process time and higher productivity. Meanwhile, metal powder processing can greatly reduce the loss of raw materials in the traditional forging process.

[0031] Example 6 Based on Example 1, step S5 includes dimensional inspection, surface quality inspection, material performance inspection, and preliminary meshing inspection of the finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears, and finished ring gear.

[0032] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: Dimensional inspection is performed using a coordinate measuring machine; surface quality inspection is performed using a neural network model to judge surface defects; material performance testing includes hardness testing, tensile testing, and metallographic analysis. Hardness testing is performed using Rockwell hardness testers, Brinell hardness testers, etc.; tensile testing is performed on a material testing machine to measure strength parameters; metallographic analysis uses a metallographic microscope to observe the microstructure of the part material and evaluate its quality; gear meshing inspection involves mounting the part on a specialized gear inspection table, driving and testing the meshing of the gears, and observing performance indicators such as smoothness, noise, and vibration during gear meshing. All of the above inspections are performed using a sampling inspection method.

[0033] Example 7 Based on Example 1, step S6 includes: S60. Parts cleaning: Check the cleanliness of the surfaces of finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears, and clean any contaminated areas. S61. Parts Assembly: Using a multi-jointed intelligent robotic arm, the finished parts are precisely grasped and the finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gear are installed on the finished planetary gear carrier. S62. Parts lubrication: Apply lubricating grease to the meshing surfaces of gear parts in the gearbox; S63. Testing and Debugging: Conduct a transmission test on the assembled gearbox gears to check whether its operation is smooth and without abnormal noise, and make fine adjustments to the position of each part; S64. Packaging and Labeling: Pack the assembled gearbox gears and affix the gearbox gear labeling information to the packaging.

[0034] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the assembly process of the finished product is highly automated, and the intelligent robotic arm realizes the precise positioning and assembly of parts, which greatly improves production efficiency and product quality consistency. At the same time, lubrication, sealing and testing and debugging ensure the reliability and performance of the finished gear pair.

[0035] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method of forging a gearbox gear, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. Material preparation: Select high-strength alloy materials and prepare them into metal powders; Step S1 includes: S10. Conduct quality inspections on high-strength alloy materials and select qualified high-strength alloy materials. S11. After cleaning and cutting the qualified high-strength alloy material, put it into the melting furnace for melting to form a molten metal. S12. The molten metal is placed into an atomizing device for atomization to form metal powder, which is then dried. S2. Hot isostatic pressing: Metal powder is hot isostatically pressed to form a forging blank, which includes a sun gear forging blank, several planetary gear forging blanks and a ring gear forging blank. S3. CNC forging: The forging billet is placed in a CNC forging machine for forging plastic deformation, and finally formed into a shaped sun gear, several shaped planetary gears and a shaped ring gear; S4. Precision machining and heat treatment: The formed sun gear, several formed planetary gears and formed ring gear are turned and ground, and then quenched and tempered to form finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears. S5. Quality Inspection: Conduct quality inspections on the finished sun gear, a number of finished planetary gears, and finished ring gears, and remove unqualified products. S6. Finished Product Assembly: The qualified finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears are assembled and packaged by intelligent robotic arms. Atomizing molten metal by placing it into an atomizing device includes: S120. Before atomization, the atomized particles are preloaded into the solid particle discharge tank (5), and the atomization equipment is inspected, calibrated and debugged. S121. During the atomization process, the atomizing gas in the high-pressure gas supply device (14) generates a high-speed airflow under the action of the pressurizing device (1). The high-speed airflow is sent into the solid particle discharge tank (5) through the gas transmission pipeline and forms a two-phase flow together with the atomizing particles in the solid particle discharge tank (5). S122, Two-phase flow is ejected from the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank (5) into the atomization chamber (11), while molten metal is poured into the atomization chamber (11) through the crucible (9); S123. The molten metal forms metal powder under the impact of the two-phase flow. The metal powder is cooled by the cooling water sprayed from the cooling water pipe (10) and falls into the water at the bottom of the atomization chamber (11). It also includes: real-time quality inspection of metal powder during atomization and timely adjustment of atomization parameters of the atomization equipment, including the following steps: S124. Sampling inspection of the diameter of the metal powder. If the inspection is qualified, the metal powder is dried; otherwise, proceed to step S125. S125. Calculate the regulating mass flow rate for two-phase flow: S126. When the calculated regulating mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is positive, the pressure of the two-phase flow is increased by adjusting the pressure application device (1), so that the mass flow rate sensor value at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank (5) increases. u, when the regulating mass flow rate of the two-phase flow is negative, the pressure of the two-phase flow is reduced by adjusting the pressure reducing valve (3), so that the mass flow rate sensor value at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particle discharge tank (5) decreases. u, thereby ensuring the quality of the metal powder; Step S125 includes: S1250, Calculate the Weber number of the current two-phase flow: （1）； in, Let be the Weber number of the current biphase flow. The diameter of the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particulate discharge tank (5) is given. The density of the atomized gas in the two-phase flow. The flow rate of the atomized gas before it enters the solid particulate discharge tank (5) is... The flow rate of the molten metal in the crucible (9) is... The reference surface tension when the molten metal breaks apart. This refers to the preset number of atomized particles ejected per unit time at the nozzle at the outlet end of the solid particulate discharge tank (5). The reference mass for a single atomized particle. The velocity of the atomized particles in the two-phase flow is denoted as . Pi, with a value of 3.

14. is the drag coefficient of two-phase flow; S1251. Calculate the regulating mass flow rate for two-phase flow: （2）； in, To regulate the mass flow rate of two-phase flow, The current mass flow rate of the molten metal. Let be the detection diameter for the i-th metal powder sample, and n be the number of metal powders sampled. The preset reference diameter of the metal powder, The kinematic viscosity of a two-phase flow. It is the kinematic viscosity of the molten metal.

2. The forging method for a gearbox gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atomization equipment uses a two-phase flow atomization method.

3. The forging method for a gearbox gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting temperature of the smelting furnace is 1500℃-1650℃; The atomizing gas can be either an inert gas or pure air; The atomized particles are metal particles with the same composition as the metal powder being prepared.

4. The forging method for a gearbox gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: Hot isostatic pressing of metal powder includes: S20. Load the metal powder into the packaging and remove the gas adsorbed in the gaps between the metal powder and inside the packaging. S21. After vacuum sealing the cladding, install it into the pressure vessel of the hot isostatic press. S22. After sealing the pressure vessel, pump inert gas to the preset pressure and maintain the pressure. S23. Then, the pressure vessel is heated to the preset temperature, and hot isostatic pressing is completed under the combined action of high temperature and high pressure. S24. Remove the cladding mold by mechanical or acid leaching methods to obtain the forging blank.

5. The forging method for a gearbox gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S5 includes dimensional inspection, surface quality inspection, material performance inspection, and preliminary meshing inspection of the finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears, and finished ring gear.

6. The forging method for a gearbox gear according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S6 includes: S60. Parts cleaning: Check the cleanliness of the surfaces of finished sun gears, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gears, and clean any contaminated areas. S61. Parts Assembly: Using a multi-jointed intelligent robotic arm, the finished parts are precisely grasped and the finished sun gear, several finished planetary gears and finished ring gear are installed on the finished planetary gear carrier. S62. Parts lubrication: Apply lubricating grease to the meshing surfaces of gear parts in the gearbox; S63. Testing and Debugging: Conduct a transmission test on the assembled gearbox gears to check whether its operation is smooth and without abnormal noise, and make fine adjustments to the position of each part; S64. Packaging and Labeling: Pack the assembled gearbox gears and affix the gearbox gear labeling information to the packaging.

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