A new oyster seed collecting and culturing device and method, and a culturing method and seed collecting method

Abstract

The application discloses a novel oyster seed collecting and breeding device and a breeding method and a seed collecting method, which comprise a floating raft and seed collectors, the seed collectors are hung on the bottom of the floating raft, and a plurality of seed collectors are arranged, each seed collector comprises a hook, a hanging ring, a connecting rod, a fixing rod and an attachment base, the hook is connected with the hanging ring through the connecting rod, the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, the attachment base is arranged on the fixing rod, the surface of the attachment base is rough, and the attachment base is composed of cement, light porous basalt particles, water, shell powder and shell fragments; and adjacent seed collectors are connected in pairs through the cooperation of the hooks and the hanging rings. When breeding, the seed collectors connected in pairs can be hung on the floating raft and then put into water. The application can reduce the loss of oysters in the breeding process, does not need to replace and turn the oyster cages, does not need a large number of management personnel, is convenient to manage, reduces the breeding cost and labor intensity, greatly improves the oyster breeding yield and economic benefits, and has the advantages of simple structure and easy manufacturing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oyster farming technology, and in particular to a novel oyster seed collection and farming device and farming method, as well as a seed collection method. Background Technology

[0002] Oysters are the world's most farmed shellfish and one of the four major farmed shellfish in my country. In 2020, my country's oyster production reached 5.428 million tons, accounting for one-third of China's total farmed shellfish production and over 85% of the world's total oyster production. Currently, oyster farming in my country uses two main methods: raft-type hanging rope farming and raft-type scallop cage farming. The raft-type hanging rope farming method is the most common. Its advantages include simplicity, low cost, low labor intensity, and minimal management requirements. It eliminates the need for frequent cage changes and only requires periodic adjustments such as adding buoys to increase buoyancy and prevent sinking. However, with this method, as oyster larvae grow to 5-6 cm, some will detach from their shells in rough seas. These detached oysters sink to the seabed, and larger individuals typically detach first, inevitably causing losses or reduced production. Production reduction due to detachment is generally 10-20%.

[0003] Secondly, scallop cages are used for aquaculture. However, during the rearing process, the edges of the oyster shells are extremely sharp and can easily cut through the cages. This results in the loss of oysters, reducing the yield per acre, and also damages the rearing cages, rendering them unusable and increasing the cost of aquaculture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a novel oyster seed collection and cultivation device and cultivation method, as well as a seed collection method.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a novel oyster seed collection and cultivation device, including a raft and a seed collector, wherein the seed collector is suspended at the bottom of the raft, and multiple seed collectors are provided. Each seed collector includes a hook, a hanging ring, a connecting rod, a fixing rod, and an attachment base. The hook and the hanging ring are connected by the connecting rod, and the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. An attachment base is provided on the fixing rod. The surface of the attachment base is rough, and the components of the attachment base include cement, lightweight porous basalt particles, water, shell powder, and shell fragments. Adjacent seed collectors are connected in pairs through the cooperation of the hook and the hanging ring.

[0006] In the aforementioned novel oyster seed collection and cultivation device, the fixing rod is perpendicular to the connecting rod, and four fixing rods are provided, with the four fixing rods being perpendicular to each other.

[0007] The above-mentioned novel oyster seed collection and cultivation device has a rectangular attachment base.

[0008] In the aforementioned novel oyster seed collection and aquaculture device, the mass ratio of cement, lightweight porous basalt particles, water, shell powder, and shell fragments is 30:30:10:10:20, and the particle size of the lightweight porous basalt particles is less than 20 mm.

[0009] A novel oyster farming method, using the aforementioned oyster seed collection and farming equipment, specifically includes:

[0010] Step 1: Connect the seed collectors in pairs using hooks and rings to form a string. Hang the long string of seed collectors at the bottom of the raft. After cleaning the seed collectors, soak them in a 2% bleach solution for 24 hours, then rinse them with sand-filtered seawater for later use.

[0011] Step 2: Suspend the aquaculture device obtained in Step 1 in the seedling cultivation pond to allow the oyster seedlings to attach to the substrate. Check the seedling attachment status in a timely manner to avoid too many seedlings attaching to the substrate, which would cause the oysters to become overcrowded.

[0012] Step 3: Initially, the water level should not be lower than the seedling collector. Use a flowing water method to change the water. After 24 hours of fixation, increase the amount of water changed and the amount of air.

[0013] A novel method for oyster seed collection, using the aforementioned oyster seed collection and culture apparatus, specifically includes:

[0014] Step A: Connect the seed collectors in pairs using hooks and hanging rings to form a string. Hang the long string of seed collectors at the bottom of the raft. After cleaning the seed collectors, soak them in a 2% bleach solution for 24 hours, then rinse them with sand-filtered seawater for later use.

[0015] Step B: 1-2 days before the seedling collection, place 36 seedling collectors per cubic meter of water and add water to the seedling collection pond to submerge the seedling collectors.

[0016] Step C: When the larval shell is over 300μm and the proportion of eyespot larvae reaches about 30%, transfer the larvae into the pool where the seed collection device has been placed, and control the larval density in the seed collection pool to be 5 to 10 larvae / ml.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are that it can reduce the loss of oysters during the oyster farming process, eliminate the need for cage changing and emptying, reduce the need for a large number of management personnel, facilitate management, reduce farming costs and labor intensity, and greatly improve oyster farming yield and economic benefits; moreover, this invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the frame of the seedling harvester of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection effect of the seedling collector of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a front view of the seedling harvester of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Hook, 2. Connecting rod, 3. Fixing rod, 4. Hanging ring, 5. Attachment base. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a novel oyster seed collection and cultivation device, including a raft and seed collectors. Multiple seed collectors are suspended from the bottom of the raft. Each seed collector includes a hook 1, a hanging ring 4, a connecting rod 2, a fixing rod 3, and an attachment base 5. The hook 1, hanging ring 4, connecting rod 2, and fixing rod 3 are all made of steel reinforcement. The hook 1 and hanging ring 4 are connected by the connecting rod 2, which is 30cm long. The fixing rod 3 is welded to the connecting rod 2 and is perpendicular to the connecting rod. Four fixing rods are provided, all perpendicular to each other. Each of the four fixing rods is 30cm long. An attachment base 5 is provided on the fixing rod 3. The attachment base is a rectangular cement slab with a shape of 25cm × 25cm × 3cm. This shape fully utilizes the space of the seed collector and has the largest surface area, allowing for the attachment of more oyster seedlings. The substrate has a rough surface and its components include cement, lightweight porous basalt particles, water, shell powder, and shell fragments. The addition of shell powder and fragments roughens the surface, increasing oyster attachment and improving seedling adhesion. The addition of basalt particles serves two purposes: firstly, it acts as a hard aggregate, increasing concrete strength; secondly, the presence of black basalt particles gives the substrate a black appearance, which is beneficial for seedling attachment. Adjacent seedling collectors are connected in pairs via hooks and hanging rings.

[0025] In this embodiment, the mass ratio of cement, lightweight porous basalt particles, water, shell powder, and shell fragments is 30:30:10:10:20, and the particle size of the lightweight porous basalt particles is less than 20mm. The preparation method of the substrate is as follows: Shell powder, shell fragments, and basalt particles are placed in a concrete mixer and mixed for 0.5–1 minute; then cement is added and mixing continues for another 0.5–1 minute; finally, water is added and mixed for 2–6 minutes. After uniform mixing, the mixture is poured to form a seed collection device. The seed collection device is then disinfected by soaking and cured according to actual conditions.

[0026] This embodiment also discloses a novel oyster farming method, based on the above-mentioned oyster seed collection and farming device, specifically including:

[0027] Step 1: Connect the seed collectors in pairs using hooks and rings to form a string. Suspend the string of seed collectors to the bottom of the floating raft. The length of the seed collectors suspended below the raft can be adjusted according to the depth of the aquaculture area. Typically, seed collectors are arranged in groups of 10-20, connected end-to-end, suspended below the raft. Because concrete has a high specific gravity, there is no need to hang weights below the attachment device. After cleaning the seed collectors, soak them in a 2% bleach solution for 24 hours, then rinse them thoroughly with sand-filtered seawater before use.

[0028] Step 2: Suspend the aquaculture device obtained in Step 1 in the seedling cultivation pond to allow the oyster seedlings to attach to the substrate. Check the seedling attachment status in a timely manner to avoid too many seedlings attaching to the substrate, which would cause the oysters to become overcrowded.

[0029] Step 3: Initially, the water level should not be lower than the seed collector. Use a flowing water method to change the water and reduce the aeration volume. After 24 hours of fixation, increase the water exchange volume and aeration volume. The daily feeding density of unicellular algae feed is 10×10⁻⁶. 4 pcs / ml ~ 20×10 4 Cells / ml (taking golden algae as an example).

[0030] No management is required throughout the oyster rearing stage; oysters can be harvested once they reach marketable size. This method reduces oyster loss during farming, eliminates the need for cage changing and emptying, requires minimal management personnel, simplifies management, lowers farming costs and labor intensity, and significantly increases oyster yield and economic benefits.

[0031] This embodiment also discloses a novel oyster seed collection method, based on the above-mentioned oyster seed collection and cultivation device, specifically including:

[0032] Step A: Connect the seed collectors in pairs using hooks and hanging rings to form a string. Hang the long string of seed collectors at the bottom of the raft. After cleaning the seed collectors, soak them in a 2% bleach solution for 24 hours, then rinse them with sand-filtered seawater for later use.

[0033] Step B: 1-2 days before the seedling collection, place 36 seedling collectors per cubic meter of water and add water to the seedling collection pond to submerge the seedling collectors.

[0034] Step C: When the larval shell is over 300μm and the proportion of eyespot larvae reaches about 30%, transfer the larvae into the pool where the seed collection device has been placed, and control the larval density in the seed collection pool to be 5 to 10 larvae / ml.

[0035] In 2022, oyster farming using the method described in this invention was successfully conducted in Aoshanwei Town, Qingdao City. Traditional oyster farming methods mainly include raft-type rope farming and raft-type scallop cage farming. The main drawback of raft-type rope farming is that as oyster seedlings grow, some will detach when they reach 5-6cm in length, especially in windy and turbulent weather. Larger oysters usually detach first, inevitably causing losses or reduced yields, typically by 10-20%. The main disadvantage of raft-type scallop cage farming is that the cages must be lifted out of the water for both seedling placement and harvesting, requiring sewing and disassembling the nets, which is inconvenient, labor-intensive, and inefficient. Furthermore, the cages need to be cleaned of attached organisms every two to three months, and when the oysters reach a certain size, they need to be separated into different cages. Throughout the farming process, depending on the attachment status of the cages, 2-4 separate cleaning and separation operations are required.

[0036] This embodiment designs a novel oyster seed collection and cultivation device. The cultivation operation and management are simple, requiring no protection from wind and waves, significantly reducing oyster detachment, and increasing yield per acre by 20-30%. This method requires no special management throughout the entire marine cultivation process; simply hang the seed collector on a floating raft in the cultivation area during cultivation, and harvest the oysters when they mature. It is more labor-saving and efficient than traditional raft-type scallop cage cultivation methods, saving up to 60% of labor costs.

[0037] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within its scope and spirit, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel oyster seed collection and cultivation device, characterized in that, The system includes a raft and a seed collector. The seed collector is suspended from the bottom of the raft. Multiple seed collectors are provided. Each seed collector includes a hook, a hanging ring, a connecting rod, a fixing rod, and an attachment base. The hook and the hanging ring are connected by the connecting rod. The fixing rod is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. An attachment base is provided on the fixing rod. The surface of the attachment base is rough. The components of the attachment base include cement, lightweight porous basalt particles, water, shell powder, and shell fragments. Adjacent seed collectors are connected in pairs through the cooperation of the hook and the hanging ring. The mass ratio of cement, lightweight porous basalt particles, water, shell powder, and shell fragments is 30:30:10:10:20, and the particle size of the lightweight porous basalt particles is less than 20 mm. Adding shell powder and shell fragments to the substrate can roughen the surface of the substrate, which can increase the amount of oysters attached and improve the seedling attachment effect. Adding basalt particles to the substrate can, on the one hand, serve as hard aggregate to increase the strength of concrete, and on the other hand, the addition of black basalt particles to the material can make the entire substrate black, which is conducive to seedling attachment. The fixing rod is perpendicular to the connecting rod, and there are four fixing rods, which are perpendicular to each other.

2. The novel oyster seed collection and cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesion substrate has a rectangular structure.

3. A novel oyster farming method, characterized in that, The oyster seed collection and cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2 specifically includes: Step 1: Connect the seed collectors in pairs using hooks and rings to form a string. Hang the long string of seed collectors at the bottom of the raft. After cleaning the seed collectors, soak them in a 2% bleach solution for 24 hours, then rinse them with sand-filtered seawater for later use. Step 2: Suspend the aquaculture device obtained in Step 1 in the seedling cultivation pond to allow the oyster seedlings to attach to the substrate. Check the seedling attachment status in a timely manner to avoid too many seedlings attaching to the substrate, which would cause the oysters to become overcrowded. Step 3: Initially, the water level should not be lower than the seedling collector. Use a running water method to change the water. After 24 hours of fixation, increase the amount of water changed and the amount of air.

4. A novel method for collecting oyster seedlings, characterized in that, The oyster seed collection and cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-2 specifically includes: Step A: Connect the seed collectors in pairs using hooks and rings to form a string. Hang the long string of seed collectors at the bottom of the raft. After cleaning the seed collectors, soak them in a 2% bleach solution for 24 hours, then rinse them with sand-filtered seawater for later use. Step B: 1-2 days before the seedling collection, place 36 seedling collectors per cubic meter of water and add water to the seedling collection pond to submerge the seedling collectors. Step C: When the larval shell is over 300μm and the proportion of eyespot larvae reaches about 30%, transfer the larvae into the pool where the seed collection device has been placed, and control the larval density in the seed collection pool to be 5 to 10 larvae / ml.

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