Surgical instruments

Abstract

This invention discloses a surgical instrument, including an operating component and a cutting blade assembly connected to the operating component. The operating component includes: a frame; a handle rotatably connected to the frame; a cutting blade drive; a motor assembly; a one-way drive device, wherein the handle is selectively connected to the cutting blade drive in one-way transmission via the one-way drive device; a main control module; and a handle detection device that acquires a handle detection signal. The main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal. When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade to move proximally, if the main control module determines that the handle has reached a preset position, it controls the motor assembly to stop. The preset position is reached when the handle rotates at an angle equal to a second preset angle, where the second preset angle is less than a first preset angle. During the blade return process, before the handle rotates to the point where the one-way drive device engages with the rack, the main control module controls the motor assembly to stop to prevent the cutting blade drive from continuing to move proximally, interfering with the one-way drive device, and damaging the component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a surgical instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Surgical staplers are commonly used medical instruments that replace manual suturing. Their main working principle is to use a scalpel to sever tissue and titanium staples to anastomose it, similar to a stapler. Depending on the body part they are used for, staplers can be categorized into various types. For surgical staplers, the working principle involves inserting a cannula of a precisely positioned trocar into the patient's body at the surgical site. This creates a longitudinal incision in the tissue, and staples are applied to the opposite sides of the incision, thereby severing and anastomosing the tissue.

[0003] Surgical instruments include a jaw assembly, a cutting blade assembly, and an operating assembly. The operating assembly is connected to the jaw and cutting blade assemblies. During surgery, medical personnel operate the operating assembly. First, the jaw assembly closes to compress the patient's tissue. The cutting blade assembly then advances to cut the tissue, simultaneously firing staples from the cartridge to suture the incision. In some existing designs, the operating handle drives the cutting blade assembly to advance. When the handle is pressed, it engages with the cutting blade assembly's drive mechanism, actuating the handle to drive the cutting blade assembly. After tissue cutting is complete, a motor assembly drives the cutting blade assembly to return to its initial position. In existing technologies, return to the cutting blade is typically initiated by the user activating a return switch, resulting in a complex structure, cumbersome operation, and low efficiency. Furthermore, accidental activation of the handle during return can cause it to engage with the drive mechanism, hindering the return movement of the cutting blade assembly and potentially damaging the drive mechanism or the connection between the handle and the drive mechanism. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a surgical instrument with an electric retraction mechanism that is simple to operate, has a simple overall structure, and is highly efficient. Furthermore, during retraction, accidental touch of the handle will stop the retraction, preventing interference and damage to components.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: It includes an operating component and a cutting blade assembly connected to the operating component, wherein the operating component includes:

[0006] frame;

[0007] A handle is rotatably connected to the frame. The handle has an initial position and a pressed position. When actuated, the handle moves to the pressed position, and when released, the handle moves to the initial position.

[0008] A cutting blade drive unit is connected to the cutting blade assembly;

[0009] A motor assembly, connected to the cutting blade drive, responds to the drive of the motor assembly, and the cutting blade drive drives the cutting blade assembly to move to the distal end or to the proximal end;

[0010] A one-way drive device is provided, wherein the handle is selectively connected to the cutting blade drive component in one-way transmission via the one-way drive device; when the handle is in the initial position, the handle is separated from the cutting blade drive component; when the handle rotates a first preset angle relative to the initial position, it is connected to the cutting blade drive component in one-way transmission via the one-way drive device.

[0011] The main control module is electrically connected to the motor assembly;

[0012] A handle detection device is electrically connected to the main control module. The handle detection device acquires a handle detection signal indicating the position of the handle, and the main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal.

[0013] When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade to move towards the proximal end, if the main control module determines that the position of the handle has reached the preset position based on the handle detection signal, it controls the motor assembly to stop; the handle reaches the preset position when the angle of rotation relative to the initial position is equal to the second preset angle; the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle.

[0014] Furthermore, the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 20°.

[0015] Furthermore, the second preset angle is less than 10°.

[0016] Furthermore, the cutting blade drive is a rack, and the one-way drive device includes a pawl, which is rotatably connected to the handle so that the pawl can only drive the rack to the distal end; when the handle is actuated, it drives the pawl to move to the distal end, and the pawl cooperates with the rack to make the handle and the rack unidirectionally connected, and the handle drives the rack to move to the distal end through the pawl; when the handle is released, the pawl moves non-driven relative to the cutting blade drive.

[0017] Furthermore, the cutting blade drive is a rack, and the one-way drive device includes a first gear, a second gear, and a ratchet structure. The first gear and the second gear are connected in one-way transmission through the ratchet structure. The handle is provided with a first tooth for meshing with the first gear. The second gear meshes with the rack. When the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, it drives the first tooth to rotate. The first tooth meshes with the first gear and drives the first gear to rotate. The first gear drives the rack to move to the distal end through the ratchet structure and the second gear. When the handle moves from the pressing position to the initial position, the first gear rotates relative to the second gear without being driven, and the first tooth disengages from the first gear.

[0018] Furthermore, the ratchet structure includes a first ratchet portion and a second ratchet portion. The first ratchet portion is connected to the first gear and moves synchronously with the first gear. The second ratchet portion is connected to the second gear and moves synchronously with the second gear. The first ratchet portion can only drive the second ratchet portion and the second gear to rotate when rotating in the first direction, so as to drive the rack to move to the distal end.

[0019] Furthermore, the operating component also includes a cutting blade detection device, which is electrically connected to the main control module;

[0020] The cutting blade detection device acquires a cutting blade assembly detection signal indicating the position of the cutting blade assembly, and the main control module determines whether the cutting blade assembly has cut to the bottom based on the cutting blade assembly detection signal;

[0021] When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly is in the cutting-to-the-end state and the main control module determines that the handle is in the initial position, it activates the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade drive component, thereby causing the cutting blade assembly to move towards the proximal side.

[0022] Furthermore, a first region and a second region are formed between the initial position and the pressing position. When the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, it passes through the first region and reaches the second region. The operating component also includes a cutting blade detection device, which is electrically connected to the main control module.

[0023] The cutting blade detection device acquires a cutting blade assembly detection signal indicating the position of the cutting blade assembly; the main control module determines whether the cutting blade assembly has cut to the bottom based on the cutting blade assembly detection signal; the main control module determines whether the handle is located in the second area based on the handle detection signal.

[0024] When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly has not cut to the bottom and that the handle is located in the second area, it controls the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade drive component to move to the far end.

[0025] Furthermore, the first region is generally a fan-shaped surface, and the central angle of the first region is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 8°.

[0026] Furthermore, the first region includes a third region and a fourth region that are connected to each other, wherein the fourth region is located between the third region and the second region and is connected to the second region;

[0027] When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade drive component to move to the distal end, the main control module determines whether the handle is in the third or fourth region based on the cutting blade detection signal. If the handle is in the third region, the motor assembly is stopped; if the handle is in the fourth region, the motor assembly is kept in the start state.

[0028] Furthermore, when the cutting blade detection signal is less than or equal to a third preset value, the main control module determines that the handle is in the third region; when the cutting blade detection signal is greater than the third preset value and less than a fourth preset value, the main control module determines that the handle is in the fourth region.

[0029] Furthermore, the third region and the fourth region are generally fan-shaped surfaces, with the central angle of the third region being less than 3° and the central angle of the fourth region being less than or equal to 5°.

[0030] Furthermore, it includes: an operating component and a cutting blade assembly connected to the operating component, the operating component comprising:

[0031] frame;

[0032] A handle, rotatably connected to the frame, has an initial position and a pressed position;

[0033] A cutting blade drive unit is connected to the cutting blade assembly;

[0034] A motor assembly, connected to the cutting blade drive, responds to the drive of the motor assembly, and the cutting blade drive drives the cutting blade assembly to move to the distal end or to the proximal end;

[0035] The main control module is electrically connected to the motor assembly;

[0036] A cutting blade detection device is electrically connected to the main control module to acquire a cutting blade detection signal indicating the position of the cutting blade assembly. The main control module determines whether the cutting blade assembly has cut to the bottom based on the cutting blade detection signal.

[0037] A handle detection device is electrically connected to the main control module to acquire a handle detection signal indicating the position of the handle, and the main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal;

[0038] When the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, the main control module controls the motor to drive the cutting blade assembly to move to the distal end;

[0039] When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly has cut to the bottom and the main control module determines that the handle is in the initial position, it starts the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade drive component, thereby moving the cutting blade assembly to the proximal side.

[0040] Furthermore, a first region and a second region are formed between the initial position and the pressing position, and when the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, it passes through the first region and the second region in sequence;

[0041] The main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal. When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly has not cut to the bottom and that the handle is located in the second area, it controls the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade drive component to move to the far end.

[0042] Furthermore, the first region is generally a fan-shaped surface, and the central angle of the first region is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 8°.

[0043] Furthermore, the first region includes a third region and a fourth region that are connected to each other, wherein the fourth region is located between the third region and the second region and is connected to the second region;

[0044] When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade drive to move to the far end, the main control module determines whether the handle is in the third or fourth region based on the handle detection signal. If the handle is in the third region, the motor assembly is stopped; if the handle is in the fourth region, the motor assembly is kept running.

[0045] Furthermore, the third region and the fourth region are generally fan-shaped surfaces, with the central angle of the third region being less than 3° and the central angle of the fourth region being less than or equal to 5°.

[0046] Furthermore, the handle moves to the pressing position when actuated, and moves to the initial position when released; the operating component further includes:

[0047] A one-way drive device is provided, wherein the handle is unidirectionally connected to the cutting blade drive component via the one-way drive device. When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade assembly to move to the distal end, the handle is actuated, so that the handle drives the cutting blade drive component to move to the distal end via the one-way drive device; the handle is released, so that the one-way drive device moves non-driven relative to the cutting blade drive component.

[0048] Furthermore, the cutting blade drive is a rack, and the one-way drive device includes a pawl, which is rotatably connected to the handle; when the handle is actuated, the rack is driven to move distally through the pawl.

[0049] Furthermore, the cutting blade drive component is a rack, and the one-way drive device includes a first gear, a second gear, and a ratchet structure. The first gear and the second gear are connected by a ratchet structure for one-way transmission. The handle is provided with a first tooth for meshing with the first gear; the second gear meshes with the rack; when the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, the first tooth drives the first gear to rotate, and the first gear drives the second gear to move through the ratchet structure, thereby driving the rack to move to the distal end; when the handle moves from the pressing position to the initial position, the first tooth drives the first gear to rotate in the opposite direction, and the first gear rotates relative to the second gear without being driven.

[0050] Furthermore, the ratchet structure includes a first ratchet portion and a second ratchet portion. The first ratchet portion is connected to the first gear and moves synchronously with the first gear. The second ratchet portion is connected to the second gear and moves synchronously with the second gear. The first ratchet portion can only drive the second ratchet portion and the second gear to rotate when rotating in the first direction, so as to drive the rack to move to the distal end.

[0051] Furthermore, when the handle is in the initial position, the handle is separated from the cutting blade drive component; when the handle rotates at a first preset angle relative to the initial position, the handle and the cutting blade drive component are connected in a one-way transmission.

[0052] Furthermore, the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 20°.

[0053] Furthermore, the operating components also include a main control module and a handle detection device. The main control module is electrically connected to the handle detection device and the motor assembly. The main control module controls the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade to move towards the proximal or distal end. The handle detection device acquires a handle detection signal indicating the position of the handle, and the main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal. When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade to move towards the proximal end, if the main control module determines that the position of the handle has reached a preset position, it controls the motor assembly to stop.

[0054] The handle reaches the preset position when it rotates at an angle equal to the second preset angle relative to the initial position; the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle.

[0055] Furthermore, the second preset angle is less than 10°.

[0056] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: After the incision is completed, medical personnel only need to release the handle to the initial position to perform the retraction, making the overall operation simple, user-friendly, and highly efficient. During the retraction process, the machine stops when the handle is rotated to an angle greater than or equal to a second preset angle. That is, before the handle rotates to the point where the one-way drive device engages with the rack, the main control module will control the motor assembly to stop, preventing the cutting blade drive component from continuing to move proximally and interfering with the one-way drive device, thus preventing damage to the components. Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surgical instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting blade assembly and cutting blade drive component according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the motor assembly and the cutting blade drive component according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rack structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the handle in the initial position according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention when the handle is actuated to the point where the pawl engages with the rack;

[0063] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the handle in the pressing position according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the handle release structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second regions of the handle rotation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the handle entering the second region according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the Hall sensor and magnet according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the handle and magnet according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the Hall sensor and the magnet when the handle is actuated according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the Hall sensor and the magnet when the handle is in the pressed position according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the third and fourth regions of the handle rotation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the handle in the fourth region according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, initiating the return of the tool when the handle is in the initial position;

[0074] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the handle when it is rotated to the second preset angle according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the handle and one-way drive device according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 20 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first gear, the first ratchet portion, the second gear, and the second ratchet portion according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the first tooth of the handle meshing with the first gear in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Figure 22This is a schematic diagram of the linkage assembly in the first position according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage assembly in the second position according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member abutting against the seat body through the first stepped surface in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Figure 26 This is a side view of the unidirectional drive device when the limiting member of the second embodiment of the present invention is in the locked position;

[0083] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member abutting against the seat body through the second stepped surface in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Figure 28 This is a side view of the unidirectional drive device when the limiting member of the second embodiment of the present invention is in the unlocked position;

[0085] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the first gear, the first ratchet, the second gear, and the second ratchet according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0086] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of another limiting member according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 31 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member abutting against the seat body through the first stepped surface in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 32 This is a side view of the unidirectional drive device when the limiting member of the second embodiment of the present invention is in the locked position;

[0089] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member abutting against the seat body through the second stepped surface in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 34 This is a side view of the unidirectional drive device when the limiting member of the second embodiment of the present invention is in the unlocked position.

[0091] in:

[0092] 100. Operating component; 110. Handle; 120. Linkage assembly; 121. First link; 122. Second link; 123. Outer tube;

[0093] 200. Jaw assembly; 210. Frame; 211. Support platform; 212. Limiting component; 2121. Main body; 2122. First limiting part; 21221. First stepped surface; 21222. First guide ramp; 2123. First extension; 21231. Second stepped surface; 2124. Second limiting part; 21241. First stepped surface; 21242. Second guide ramp; 2125. Second extension; 21251. Second stepped surface; 220. Motor assembly; 221. Motor; 222. Gear structure;

[0094] 300. Cutting blade assembly; 310. Cutting blade; 320. Mandrel;

[0095] 400, handle; 410, grip; 420, hinge; 430, rotating part; 431, receiving hole; 432, protrusion; 440, first tooth;

[0096] 500. Cutting blade drive component; 510. Rack; 511. First connecting tooth; 512. Second connecting tooth;

[0097] 600, One-way drive device; 610, Pawl; 620, First mating assembly; 621, First gear; 622, First ratchet portion; 623, First shaft; 624, First seat; 625, First elastic element; 630, Second mating assembly; 631, Second gear; 632, Second ratchet portion; 633, Second shaft; 634, Second seat; 635, Second elastic element;

[0098] 710, Zone 1; 720, Zone 2; 730, Zone 3; 740, Zone 4;

[0099] 810. Hall sensor; 820. Magnet. Implementation

[0100] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0101] It is important to understand that the terms "proximal" and "distal" used in this article are relative to the clinician manipulating the stapler's handle. "Proximal" refers to the part closer to the clinician, while "distal" refers to the part farther away. That is, the handle is proximal, and the jaw assembly is distal. For example, the proximal end of a component refers to the end relatively closer to the handle, and the distal end refers to the end relatively closer to the jaw assembly. The terms "upper" and "lower" are relative to the relative positions of the anvil and stapler seat on the jaw assembly; specifically, the anvil is "upper," and the stapler seat is "lower." However, staplers can be used in many orientations and positions, so these terms expressing relative positional relationships are not limited or absolute.

[0102] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a movable connection, an integral part, or a transmission connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection or transmission through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, such as contact. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that when "connected" or "linked" is preceded by a qualifier, it has the meaning defined by that qualifier, excluding only obviously excluded cases, but not other possible cases. For example, "detachable connection" refers to a detachable connection, excluding an integral part, but not excluding movable connections, etc.

[0103] This application discloses a surgical instrument, which can be a stapler, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the device includes an operating component 100, a jaw assembly 200, and a cutting blade assembly 300. The operating component 100 includes a closing mechanism, a handle 400, and a cutting blade driver 500. The closing mechanism is connected to the jaw assembly 200, and the cutting blade driver 500 is connected to the cutting blade assembly 300. The handle 400 is linked to the closing mechanism. In response to the operation of the handle 400 by a medical professional, the closing mechanism can drive the jaw assembly 200 to close, clamping the human tissue. The handle 400 is linked to the cutting blade driver 500. After the jaws close and the tissue is squeezed, in response to the operation of the handle 400 by a medical professional, the cutting blade driver 500 can drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to advance, cutting and suturing the squeezed tissue. For the specific structure of the closing mechanism, the connection method between the closing mechanism and the handle 400, and the connection method between the closing mechanism and the jaw assembly, please refer to the applicant's prior application CN2023100714551. It should be noted that both the firing and the return of the tool must be performed with the jaw assembly 200 closed. Optionally, after the handle 400 drives the jaw assembly to close via the closing mechanism, the handle 400, the closing mechanism, and / or the jaw assembly 200 output a jaw closure signal to the main control module via a sensor.

[0104] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the operating component 100 of this application also includes a frame 210 and a motor assembly 220. The handle 400 is rotatably mounted on the frame 210 and has an initial position and a pressed position. Figure 5 The handle 400 is in the initial position. Figure 7 The handle 400 is in the pressing position. When actuated, the handle 400 moves to the pressing position; when released, it moves back to the initial position. An elastic element (not shown) is provided between the handle 400 and the frame 210. After the medical staff actuates and releases the handle 400, it automatically releases under the action of the elastic element and moves back to the initial position. The motor assembly 220 is disposed on the frame 210 and is connected to the cutting blade drive 500. Responding to the drive of the motor 221, the cutting blade drive 500 drives the cutting blade assembly 300 to move distally to cut the tissue. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cutting blade drive 500 is a rack 510 extending from the proximal end to the distal end. The rack 510 is connected to the cutting blade assembly 300 and can drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to move proximally or distally. Specifically, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the cutting blade assembly 300 includes a cutting blade 310 and a spindle 320 connected to the cutting blade 310. The spindle 320 is connected to a rack 510. When the rack 510 moves proximally or distally, it can drive the cutting blade 310 and the spindle 320 to move synchronously, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 300 to move. Figure 3As shown, the motor assembly 220 includes a motor 221 and a gear structure 222. The motor 221 is mounted on the frame 210. The gear structure 222 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 221 and meshes with the rack 510. In response to the rotation of the output shaft, the gear structure 222 drives the rack 510 to move, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 300 to move.

[0105] In actual surgical procedures, if the tissue thickness to be cut is large, the cutting may stall due to the limited power of motor 221. Figure 5 As shown, the operating component 100 in this application also includes a one-way drive device 600. The handle 400 is connected to the cutting blade drive component 500 in one-way transmission through the one-way drive device 600. When the motor component 220 drives the cutting blade component 300 to move to the distal end, medical personnel can assist the cutting blade component 300 in cutting by operating the handle 400.

[0106] Specifically, when the motor assembly 220 drives the cutting blade assembly 300 to move to the distal end, such as... Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the handle drives the cutting blade drive 500 to move distally via the one-way drive device 600; the handle 400 is released so that the one-way drive device 600 moves non-driven relative to the cutting blade drive 500 and does not drive the cutting blade drive 500 to move proximally.

[0107] When the motor assembly 220 is in the start-up state, and the motor assembly 220 drives the cutting blade assembly 300 to move distally via the cutting blade drive component 500, the handle 400 can actuate the drive rack 510 to move distally. That is, the handle 400 can apply driving force to the cutting blade drive component 500 via the one-way drive device 600, increasing the power of the cutting blade assembly 300 to move distally, enabling the cutting blade 310 to cut thicker tissue portions and successfully complete the cutting. Simultaneously, as... Figure 8As shown, the handle 400 can be released to move back to its initial position. When the handle 400 is released, it drives the one-way drive device 600 to move. The one-way drive device 600 moves relative to the cutting blade drive member 500 without being driven, and does not obstruct the motor 221 from driving the cutting blade drive member 500. This allows the handle 400 to be actuated again to assist the cutting blade assembly 300 in its feed. Therefore, after the handle 400 actuates and assists the cutting blade assembly 300 to move to the distal end, it can be released to return to its original position, thus allowing for multiple actuations to assist the cutting blade assembly 300. In this embodiment, during the cutting motion of the cutting blade assembly 300 driven by motor 221, medical personnel can manually assist the cutting blade 310's advance multiple times by operating the handle 400. When some parts of the tissue are relatively thick, medical personnel can use manual assistance as needed to ensure smooth cutting. When multiple parts of the tissue are relatively thick, medical personnel can assist the cutting blade 310 to cut smoothly through multiple areas. Each assistance operation actuates the handle 400, allowing medical personnel to effectively control the applied force. The operation is intuitive, convenient, and effective. Furthermore, throughout the entire stroke of the cutting blade assembly 300's advance, medical personnel can release the handle 400 to obtain sufficient space for actuation, enabling them to assist the cutting motion by rotating the handle 400 throughout the entire stroke.

[0108] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the rack 510 has a first connecting tooth 511 and a second connecting tooth 512. The first connecting tooth 511 meshes with the gear structure 222, enabling the rack 510 to be driven by the motor assembly 220. The second connecting tooth 512 cooperates with the one-way drive device 600, enabling the rack 510 to be driven by the handle 400. The first connecting tooth 511 is correspondingly arranged with the motor assembly 220, and the second connecting tooth 512 is correspondingly arranged with the one-way drive device 600. In this embodiment, the first connecting tooth 511 and the second connecting tooth 512 are respectively arranged on both sides of the rack 510. Of course, in other embodiments, due to the different internal layout of the operating component 100, the positions of the first connecting tooth 511 and the second connecting tooth 512 are also different. This embodiment does not make specific limitations.

[0109] In this embodiment, as Figures 5 to 8As shown, the one-way drive device 600 includes a pawl 610, which is rotatably connected to the handle 400. When the pawl 610 engages with the rack 510, the handle 400 is connected to the one-way drive device 600. A torsion spring (not shown) is provided between the pawl 610 and the handle 400. The elastic force provided by the torsion spring causes the pawl 610 to rotate in the direction of engagement with the rack 510. When the pawl 610 engages with the rack 510, the pawl 610 can only drive the rack 510 distally. When the handle 400 is actuated, it drives the pawl 610 distally and upward, causing the pawl 610 to engage with the second connecting tooth 512 of the rack 510. This, in turn, applies a distal driving force to the rack 510 through the pawl 610, assisting the cutting blade 310, increasing the driving force of the cutting blade 310, and driving the rack 510 to move distally. When the handle 400 is actuated, the pawl 610 drives the rack 510 to move distally. When the handle 400 is released, the pawl 610 moves proximally relative to the second tooth 512. During this process, the pawl 610 slides along one tooth surface of the second tooth 512, and slippage occurs between the pawl 610 and the second tooth 512, preventing the rack 510 from moving proximally. When the handle 400 is released, it moves closer to its initial position, allowing medical personnel to re-assist the cutting blade 310 by actuating the handle 400 again.

[0110] like Figure 9 As shown, the handle 400 forms a first region 710 and a second region 720 between its initial position and the pressed position. The first region 710 and the second region 720 are connected. When the handle 400 moves from the initial position to the pressed position, it passes through the first region 710 and the second region 720 in sequence. When the handle 400 is in the initial position, it is located within the first region 710; when the handle 400 is in the pressed position, it is located within the second region 720. To determine whether the handle 400 is located within the first region 710 or the second region 720, a straight line is drawn along the length of the handle 400 outside the grip portion, passing through the rotation axis of the handle 400. If this straight line is located in the first region 710, it means that the handle 400 is located within the first region 710; if this straight line is located in the second region 720, it means that the handle 400 is located within the second region 720.

[0111] In a preferred embodiment, medical personnel activate the motor assembly 220 via the operating handle 400. When the handle 400 moves from its initial position to the pressing position and meets preset conditions, the main control module controls the motor assembly 200 to drive the cutting blade drive component 500 to move distally. The operating component 100 also includes a main control module, a cutting blade detection device, and a handle detection device. Both the cutting blade detection device and the handle detection device are electrically connected to the main control module, which is electrically connected to the motor assembly 220 and is used to control the start, stop, and rotation direction of the motor assembly 220. The cutting blade detection device is used to acquire a cutting blade detection signal indicating the position information of the cutting blade assembly 300. The main control module receives the cutting blade detection signal and determines whether the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom based on the cutting blade detection signal. The handle detection device is used to acquire a handle detection signal indicating the position information of the handle 400. The main control module receives the handle detection signal and determines the position of the handle 400 based on the handle detection signal. When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly 300 has not cut to the bottom and that the position of the handle 400 meets a preset condition, the main control module controls the motor assembly 220 to drive the cutting blade drive component 500 to move to the distal end. In this embodiment, the preset condition is met when the handle is within the second region 720. Optionally, but not limited to, the main control module is a processor unit capable of receiving, judging, processing, and sending signals.

[0112] If the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly 300 has not cut to the bottom, the cutting blade 310 may be in a state where cutting has not started or the cutting process is incomplete, and the main control module is in the feed mode. In the feed mode, if the main control module determines that the handle 400 is not in the second area 720 based on the handle detection signal, the motor assembly 220 is stopped; if the main control module determines that the handle 400 is in the second area 720 based on the handle detection signal, the motor assembly 220 is started. Specifically, when the cutting blade 310 has not started cutting or the cutting is incomplete, and medical personnel need to start the motor 221 for feed, they can actuate the handle 400 to place the handle 400 in the second area 720. Then the main control module will start the motor assembly 220, and the motor assembly 220 will drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to move distally for feed. During the feed process, the handle detection device continues to detect the handle detection signal to obtain the position information of the handle 400. The main control module determines the position of the handle 400 based on the handle detection signal. When the handle 400 is determined to be in the second region 720, the motor 221 is kept in working state. Regardless of whether the handle 400 moves in the second region 720 or remains stationary in the second region 720, the motor 221 is in working state.

[0113] The first region 710 and the second region 720 are generally fan-shaped. The first central angle of the first region 710 is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 8°. The second central angle of the second region 720 is greater than or equal to 29° and less than or equal to 32°. After the jaw assembly 200 is closed and before the cutting operation begins, the handle 400 is in the released position. The medical staff only needs to actuate the handle 400 into the second region 720. After the handle 400 rotates to the angle corresponding to the first central angle, the motor 221 will be activated to drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to cut. The medical staff keeps the handle 400 in the same position so that the cutting blade assembly 300 is driven only by the motor assembly 220. The medical staff can also continue to actuate the handle 400 within the second region 720 to drive the rack 510 for assistance in cutting thicker tissues.

[0114] The position information of the cutting blade assembly 300 includes at least one of the following: the number of rotations of the motor assembly 220 and the position of the cutting blade assembly 300. When the position information of the cutting blade assembly 300 includes the number of rotations of the motor assembly 220, the number of rotations can represent the distance traveled by the cutting blade assembly 300. The main control module can compare the number of rotations of the motor assembly 220 with a preset number of rotations (the number of rotations required to cut to the bottom) to determine whether the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom. When the position information of the cutting blade assembly 300 includes the position of the cutting blade assembly 300, the main control module can directly determine whether the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom based on the position of the cutting blade assembly 300.

[0115] In one embodiment, the position information of the cutting blade assembly 300 includes only the number of rotations of the motor 221. The cutting blade detection device includes an encoder (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to the motor assembly 220. The encoder is used to detect the pulse signal generated by the rotation of the output shaft of the motor 221 and send the pulse signal to the main control module. The main control module obtains the number of rotations of the output shaft based on the number of pulse signals. The number of rotations can represent the stroke of the cutting blade assembly 300. When the number of pulse signals is greater than or equal to a first preset value, the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom; when the number of pulse signals is less than the first preset value, the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly 300 has not cut to the bottom.

[0116] The encoder can be a Hall encoder (not shown in the figure), specifically including a Hall sensor and multiple magnets, which surround the output shaft of motor 221. When the magnets rotate with the rotation shaft of motor 221, the Hall sensor detects the magnets and outputs pulse signals. These pulse signals serve as detection signals, and the main control module determines the number of rotations of motor 221 based on the number of pulse signals and the rotation direction of motor 221 determined by the Hall sensor. Specifically, as the rotation shaft of motor 221 rotates, the Hall sensor outputs a pulse signal each time it passes a magnet; this pulse signal serves as the cutting blade detection signal.

[0117] The encoder can also be a photoelectric encoder, including a photoelectric sensor and multiple gratings. The photoelectric sensor can emit detection light using infrared light, and the multiple gratings are distributed around the rotation shaft of motor 221. When the rotation shaft rotates, it drives the gratings to rotate, and the photoelectric sensor outputs a pulse signal after sensing the gratings. The principle by which the main control module determines the number of rotations of motor 221 based on this pulse signal is the same as that of the Hall sensor mentioned above, and will not be elaborated here. Of course, this detection element can also be other methods that can determine the number of rotations of motor 221.

[0118] In another embodiment, the cutting blade detection device is also used to acquire the motor status signal of the motor 221. The main control module determines whether the motor 221 is stalled based on the motor status signal. The cutting blade detection signal includes the pulse signal sent by the encoder and the motor status signal. When judging solely by the number of pulse signals, since there is an error between the cutting distance represented by the first preset value and the actual cutting distance, the number of pulse signals may reach the first preset value before the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom, and the main control module may mistakenly judge that the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom. When judging solely by the stall signal, if a thick tissue is encountered during the cutting process, it may cause the cutting blade assembly 300 to stop its advance, resulting in the motor 221 stalling, which may also lead to misjudgment. Therefore, judging the number of pulse signals together with the motor status signal can improve the accuracy of judging whether the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom.

[0119] Therefore, in this embodiment, when the number of pulse signals is greater than or equal to the first preset value, and the main control module determines that the motor assembly 220 is stalled, the main control module determines that the cutting blade 310 has cut to the bottom. The number of pulse signals being greater than or equal to the first preset value indicates that the distance traveled by the cutting blade 310 has been cut to the bottom or is close to being cut to the bottom. Stalling indicates that the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom and is resisting the nail cartridge seat. The rack 510 cannot continue to advance, causing the motor 221 to stop rotating.

[0120] When the number of pulse signals is less than a first preset value, the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly 300 has not cut to the bottom. The determination of not cutting to the bottom does not require the participation of the stall signal; it can be known that the cutting blade assembly 300 has insufficient travel and has not cut to the bottom simply by the number of pulse signals being less than the first preset value.

[0121] The motor 221 status includes at least one of the voltage, current and speed of the motor 221. The cutting blade detection device includes a detector electrically connected to the motor 221. The motor status signal includes at least one of the voltage value, current value and speed value of the motor 221. When at least one of the voltage value, current value and speed value changes abruptly, the main control module determines that the motor assembly 220 is stalled.

[0122] In another embodiment, the cutting blade detection device includes a contact switch (not shown in the figure). The contact switch is located at the end of the cutting blade assembly 300's feed stroke. When the cutting blade assembly 300 cuts to the bottom, it presses against the contact switch, triggering the contact switch and sending a trigger signal to the main control module. The cutting blade detection signal includes a trigger signal. When the main control module receives the trigger signal, it determines that the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom. The contact switch is a mechanical switch electrically connected to the main control module.

[0123] The position information of the handle 400 includes the position of the handle 400. The main control module can determine the specific position of the handle 400 based on the distance between the handle 400 and the handle detection device. In a preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the handle detection device includes a Hall sensor 810 and a magnet 820. The Hall sensor 810 is electrically connected to the main control module. One of the Hall sensor 810 and the magnet 820 is disposed on the handle 400, and the other is disposed on the frame 210. The handle detection signal is an electrical signal generated by the Hall sensor 810 based on the distance between it and the magnet 820. When the handle 400 is actuated or released, the handle 400 is displaced relative to the frame 210, causing a change in the electrical signal generated by the Hall sensor 810. Specifically, the electrical signal is a voltage signal, which represents the distance between the Hall sensor 810 and the magnet 820. Different positions of the handle 400 correspond to different voltage signals. Based on this, the distance between the Hall sensor and the magnet can be determined, and thus the distance between the handle 400 and the frame can be determined, which in turn determines the position of the handle 400. The closer the distance between the Hall sensor 810 and the magnet 820, the larger the voltage signal; the larger the distance between the Hall sensor 810 and the magnet 820, the smaller the voltage signal.

[0124] like Figures 10 to 14As shown, the handle 400 includes a gripping part 410, a hinge part 420, and a rotating part 430 connected to each other. The hinge part 420 is rotatably connected to the frame 210. Specifically, the hinge part 420 and the frame 210 are connected by a pin, and the handle 400 can rotate around the pin. The gripping part 410 and the rotating part 430 are located on both sides of the hinge part 420, such that the rotation direction of the gripping part 410 is opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating part 430. That is, when the gripping part 410 rotates clockwise, the rotating part 430 rotates counterclockwise; when the gripping part 410 rotates counterclockwise, the rotating part 430 rotates clockwise. In this embodiment, preferably, a magnet 820 is disposed on the handle 400, and a Hall sensor 810 is disposed on the frame 210. Specifically, the rotating part 430 is located inside the housing of the operating component 100 and can be sensed by the Hall sensor 810 disposed on the frame 210. The grip portion 410 is located outside the housing, allowing medical personnel to operate it. The rotating portion 430 has a receiving hole 431, within which the magnet 820 is housed, with one side of its surface exposed outside the receiving hole 431 for sensing by the Hall sensor 810. The frame 210 also includes a support platform 211 located below the rotating portion 430. When the handle 400 moves between the initial position and the pressing position, the rotating portion 430 remains in contact with the support platform 211. The Hall sensor 810 is mounted on the support platform 211. The smaller the distance between the Hall sensor 810 and the magnet 820, the stronger the voltage signal; conversely, the greater the distance, the weaker the voltage signal. Based on the aforementioned configuration of the Hall sensor 810 and magnet 820, the main control module determines that the handle 400 is located within the second region 720 when the voltage signal is less than or equal to the second preset value; when the voltage is greater than the second preset value, the main control module determines that the handle 400 is not located within the second region 720. Furthermore, the main control module can identify the specific position of the handle based on the comparison result between the voltage signal and the second preset value or other preset values. It should be noted that the above judgment logic is an example. When the configuration of the Hall sensor 810 and magnet 820 changes, other judgment logic may be used to determine the position of the handle 400 based on the relationship between the voltage signal and preset values.

[0125] As can be seen from the above, when the cutting blade assembly 300 has not cut to the bottom and the handle 400 is located within the second region 720, the main control module starts the motor 221 to drive the cutting blade drive component 500, causing the cutting blade 310 to move distally for cutting. During the cutting process, medical personnel can drive the cutting blade drive component 500 by actuating the handle 400, thereby assisting the cutting blade assembly 300 in moving distally, so that the cutting blade assembly 300 can cut thicker tissue.

[0126] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 10As shown, when the handle 400 just enters the second area 720 and the cutter 310 has not cut to the bottom, the motor 221 starts. At this time, the pawl 610 and the rack 510 are not engaged. Continue to actuate the handle 400 to a certain angle, and the pawl 610 and the rack 510 will engage. Only then can medical staff use the handle 400 to actuate and assist the cutter assembly 300.

[0127] The handle 400 can be actuated multiple times to assist the cutting blade assembly 300. During these multiple actuations, the handle 400 is repeatedly actuated and released. If the release angle of the handle 400 is too large, even returning it to its initial position, when the user repeatedly actuates the handle 400 to provide power for the cutting blade assembly 300's forward movement, there is a possibility that the release angle of the handle 400 might be too large, causing the motor 221 to stop, thus halting the cutting process. This could lead to a misjudgment by medical personnel who believe that the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom. The surgical instrument in this embodiment has a function to prevent misoperation. When the user continuously actuates the handle 400, it avoids the motor 221 stopping due to a large release angle, preventing misjudgment by medical personnel.

[0128] The surgical instruments in this embodiment, such as Figure 15 and Figure 16As shown, the first region 710 consists of a third region 730 and a fourth region 740, which are connected. The fourth region 740 is connected to the second region 720. After the jaws of the surgical instrument are closed, the motor assembly 220 is in an inactive state. The medical staff actuates the handle 400. During actuation, the handle 400 passes through the third region 730 and the fourth region 740 in sequence before entering the second region 720. When the motor assembly 220 is not activated, the main control module enters the first judgment mode, and the motor 221 is activated only after the handle 400 enters the second region 720. After the motor assembly 220 starts and drives the cutting blade assembly 300 forward, the main control module switches to the second judgment mode. In the second judgment mode, the main control module determines whether the handle 400 is in the third region 730 or the fourth region 740 based on the handle detection signal. If the handle 400 is in the third region 730, the main control module stops the motor assembly 220; if the handle 400 is in the fourth region 740, the main control module keeps the motor assembly 220 running. That is, when the motor assembly 220 is running, the main control module keeps the motor 221 in operation whether the handle 400 is in the fourth region 740 or the second region 720. Even if the handle 400 is released at a large angle and extends beyond the second region 720 into the fourth region 740, the motor 221 remains in operation. Specifically, the main control module determines whether the handle 400 is located in the third region 730 or the fourth region 740 based on the handle detection signal. When the handle detection signal is less than or equal to a third preset value, the main control module determines that the handle 400 is in the third region 730; when the cutting blade detection signal is greater than the third preset value and less than the fourth preset value, the main control module determines that the handle 400 is in the fourth region 740. Both the third region 730 and the fourth region 740 are generally fan-shaped surfaces. In a preferred embodiment, the central angle of the third region 730 is less than 3°, and the central angle of the fourth region 740 is ≤5°. The motor assembly 220 will only stop when the angle between the handle 400 and its initial position is less than 3°. Figure 1 The operating component 100 has a handle 110. The angle between the initial position and the pressing position of the handle 400 is approximately 39°. There is still a certain distance between the handle 400 and the handle 110 when the handle is in the pressing position. Therefore, the distance between the handle 400 and the handle 110 is relatively large. During the continuous actuation of the handle 400, the medical staff controls the handle 400 to reciprocate. Unless the medical staff intentionally returns the handle 400 to the initial position, there will always be a certain angle (greater than 3°) between the handle 400 and the initial position during the continuous actuation of the handle 400. This will prevent the handle 400 from reaching the initial position or being in the third area 730, thus preventing the motor component 220 from stopping.

[0129] As can be seen from the above, when the user continuously actuates the handle 400 to assist the cutting blade assembly 300, unless the handle 400 is intentionally released to the third region 730 or the initial position, during normal operation, the handle 400 always moves within the fourth region 740 and the second region 720, and the motor 221 remains in working condition. When the motor 221 is not started, the main control module enters the first judgment mode. In the first judgment mode, the user needs to rotate the handle 400 to the second region to start the motor 221. The rotation angle is relatively large to prevent accidental activation of the motor 221. After the motor 221 is started, the main control module enters the second judgment mode. In the second judgment mode, the main control module will keep the motor running when the handle 400 is in the fourth region or the second region. This can effectively prevent the user from releasing the handle 400 at an excessive angle when actuating the handle 400 multiple times, causing the handle 400 to enter the fourth region 740 and triggering the motor 221 to stop, thus stopping the cutting blade assembly 300 from advancing and causing misjudgment by medical personnel.

[0130] When the cutting blade assembly 300 cuts to the bottom, the cutting process is complete. The main control module detects that the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom and controls the motor assembly 220 to stop, preventing the motor 221 from continuing to work and causing a stall, which could damage the motor 221. Figure 19 As shown, when the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom, the main control module enters the return mode. It determines the position of the handle 400 by sending a handle detection signal from the handle detection device. When it determines that the handle 400 is in the initial position, the main control module controls the motor 221 to start, and the rotation direction of the motor 221 is opposite to that in the feed mode. The motor 221 drives the cutting blade drive component 500, causing the cutting blade assembly 300 to move towards the proximal end to perform the return operation. Figure 19 The handle 400 is in its initial position, and the arrow indicates the direction of movement of the cutting blade assembly 300 when it returns to its original position. When the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom, the main control module stops the motor assembly 220. At this time, the handle 400 is located in the second area 720 or the fourth area 740. Medical staff only need to fully release the handle 400, and the cutting blade assembly 300 will begin to return to its original position.

[0131] During the retraction process, the cutting blade assembly 300 moves towards the proximal end under the drive of the motor assembly 220. Once the cutting blade drive 500 reaches the designated position (the bottom retraction position), or after the cutting blade assembly 300 reaches the designated position, the main control module controls the motor assembly 220 to stop. In one embodiment, a zero-position switch (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the frame 210. When the cutting blade drive 500 moves towards the proximal end, it approaches the zero-position switch. When the cutting blade drive 500 reaches the designated position, the zero-position switch is triggered. After the zero-position switch is triggered, it sends a zero-position switch electrical signal to the main control module. Upon receiving the zero-position switch electrical signal, the main control module controls the motor assembly 220 to stop, thus stopping the movement of the cutting blade assembly 300. In another embodiment, during the retraction process, the cutting blade detection device acquires a detection signal representing the position information of the cutting blade assembly 300. The main control module determines whether the cutting blade assembly 300 has retracted to the correct position based on the detection signal. The cutting blade detection device may include an encoder. The position information of the cutting blade assembly 300 includes the number of rotations of the motor assembly 220. The number of rotations can represent the distance traveled by the cutting blade assembly 300. The main control module can compare the number of rotations of the motor assembly 220 with a preset rotation value (the rotation value for retraction to the correct position) to determine whether the cutting blade assembly 300 has retracted to the correct position.

[0132] When handle 400 is in the initial position, such as Figure 19 As shown, the pawl 610 does not contact the second connecting tooth 512 of the rack 510, causing the handle 400 to separate from the cutting blade drive 500. Separation means that the handle 400 and the rack 510 do not engage, and the handle 400 cannot drive the rack 510 to move. At the same time, the non-contact between the pawl 610 and the rack 510 also avoids interference between the pawl 610 and the rack 510 during the retraction of the cutting blade assembly 300, preventing the retraction from being interrupted or the pawl 610 from being damaged.

[0133] When the handle 400 rotates a first preset angle relative to its initial position, the handle 400 is unidirectionally connected to the cutting blade drive 500; as the handle 400 rotates the first preset angle, the pawl 610 rotates with the movement of the handle 400, engaging with the rack 510, thus connecting the handle 400 to the cutting blade drive 500. During the retraction process, if the handle 400 rotates a first preset angle relative to its initial position ( Figure 6When the handle 400 is in its correct position, the pawl 610 will engage with the rack 510. The pawl 610 is configured to drive the rack 510 only distally. The pawl 610 engaging with the rack 510 will block the rack 510's proximal movement, causing interference during the return stroke. During the return stroke, if a medical professional accidentally touches the handle 400, causing it to rotate a first preset angle or more relative to its initial position, the pawl 610 will contact the rack 510, causing return stroke interference, leading to a halt in the return stroke or even damage to components.

[0134] When the motor assembly 220 drives the cutting blade 310 to move proximally, the handle detection device acquires a handle detection signal indicating the position of the handle 400. The main control module determines the position of the handle 400 based on the handle detection signal. When the main control module determines that the handle 400 has reached the preset position, it controls the motor assembly 220 to stop. The handle 400 reaches the preset position when its rotation angle relative to its initial position is equal to a second preset angle, where the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle. Figure 20 As shown, Figure 20 The angle at which the handle 400 rotates is the second preset angle. That is, before the handle 400 rotates to the point where the pawl 610 engages with the rack 510, the main control module will control the motor assembly 220 to stop, to prevent the cutting blade drive 500 from continuing to move towards the proximal end and interfering with the pawl 610, thus damaging the components.

[0135] The first preset angle is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 20°. The cutting blade drive component 500 can only be driven after the handle 400 rotates the first preset angle relative to the initial position and continues to actuate. When the handle 400 rotates less than the first preset angle relative to the initial position, the pawl 610 and the rack 510 are in a non-contact state.

[0136] The second preset angle is less than 10°. Before the handle 400 rotates to the point where the pawl 610 engages with the rack 510, the main control module will control the motor assembly 220 to stop to prevent the moving rack 510 from interfering with the pawl 610.

[0137] In this embodiment, the surgical instrument, through the one-way drive device 600, allows the handle 400 to selectively connect to the cutting blade drive 500 in a one-way drive configuration. When the cutting blade assembly 300 advances, medical personnel can manually assist the advance of the cutting blade assembly 300 by repeatedly actuating the handle 400. After the advance is complete, the medical personnel simply need to release the handle 400 to the initial position to retract the blade. During the retraction process, the machine stops when the handle 400 is rotated at an angle greater than or equal to a second preset angle to prevent interference during retraction and protect internal components. Example

[0138] The second embodiment of this application is largely the same as the first embodiment, except that the structure of the unidirectional drive device 600 is different.

[0139] like Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, in this embodiment, the cutting blade drive 500 is a rack 510, and the one-way drive device 600 includes a first mating component 620 and a second mating component 630. The first mating component 620 is used to mate with the handle 400, and the second mating component 630 is used to mate with the cutting blade drive 500. The first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 are separable mating components.

[0140] When the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 are engaged, the first mating component 620 can transmit power with the second mating component 630, and the actuation of the handle 400 can drive the rack 510 through the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630; when the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 are disengaged, the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 cannot transmit power, and the actuation of the handle 400 cannot drive the rack 510.

[0141] The first mating assembly 620 includes a first gear 621 and a first ratchet 622. The first gear 621 and the first ratchet 622 are coaxially arranged and connected to each other, so that the first ratchet 622 and the first gear 621 move synchronously. The second assembly includes a second gear 631 and a second ratchet 632. The second gear 631 and the second ratchet 632 are coaxially arranged and connected to each other, so that the second ratchet 632 and the second gear 631 move synchronously. When the first mating assembly 620 and the second mating assembly 630 are mated, the first ratchet 622 and the second ratchet 632 mesh, so that the handle 400 is unidirectionally driven by the rack 510. When the handle 400 is actuated, it can drive the first gear 621 to rotate. Through the transmission between the first ratchet 622 and the second ratchet 632, the second gear 631 rotates. The second gear 631 drives the rack 510 to move, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 300 to move.

[0142] The handle 400 is provided with a first tooth 440 for meshing with the first gear 621. When the handle 400 moves from the initial position to the pressing position, it drives the first tooth 440 to rotate. When the first tooth 440 meshes with the first gear 621, the handle 400 is unidirectionally driven to the rack 510. When the handle 400 rotates, it drives the first gear 621 to rotate through the first tooth 440. The first gear 621 drives the rack 510 to move to the distal end through the transmission of the first ratchet 622, the second ratchet 632 and the second gear 631. When the handle 400 moves from the pressing position to the initial position, the first gear 621 and the second gear 631 rotate relative to each other without driving. The first tooth 440 disengages from the first gear 621, thus disconnecting the handle 400 from the rack 510.

[0143] The first ratchet 622 can drive the second ratchet 632 in one direction, enabling the handle 400 to be unidirectionally connected to the rack 510. The first ratchet 622 can only drive the second ratchet 632 and the second gear 631 when rotating in the first direction. Figure 28 In the middle, the first ratchet portion 622 and the second ratchet portion 632 cooperate, and the first direction is the direction perpendicular to the paper and inward.

[0144] When the first tooth 440 meshes with the first gear 621, the handle 400 actuates and drives the first tooth 440 to rotate. The first tooth 440 drives the first gear 621 to rotate in a first direction. The first ratchet 622 rotates along with the first gear 621 in the first direction. The first ratchet 622 drives the second ratchet 632 and the second gear 631 to rotate. At this time, the second gear 631 drives the rack 510 to move to the distal end. When the handle 400 is released, the first tooth 440 drives the first gear 621 and the first ratchet 622 to rotate in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction. The first ratchet 622 cannot drive the second ratchet 632. The rack 510 is only driven to move to the distal end by the motor 221. The second gear 631 is driven to rotate by the rack 510, causing the second ratchet 632 to rotate relative to the first ratchet 622 in opposite directions.

[0145] like Figure 21As shown, when the handle 400 is actuated, the first tooth 440 meshes with the first gear 621 when the handle 400 rotates relative to the initial position by a greater than or equal to a first preset angle, so that the handle 400 can drive the first gear 621; if the handle 400 is actuated further, the handle 400 drives the first gear 621 to rotate through the first tooth 440, which drives the first ratchet 622 to rotate in the first direction, and then drives the rack 510 to move to the distal end through the second ratchet 632 and the second gear 631, providing assistance for the cutting blade assembly 300 to feed. When the handle 400 is released, the first gear 621 and the first ratchet 622 are driven to rotate in the second direction by the first tooth 440. Slippage occurs between the tooth surface of the first ratchet 622 and the tooth surface of the second ratchet 632, so that the driving force of the rotation of the first ratchet 622 cannot be transmitted to the second ratchet 632, and the second ratchet 632 cannot be driven to rotate. Therefore, it does not affect the movement of the rack 510. When the handle 400 is released to an angle less than the first preset angle relative to the initial position, the first tooth 440 and the first gear 621 disengage from the handle 400, so that the handle 400 is disconnected from the rack 510. As the handle 400 is released further, the distance between the first tooth 440 and the first gear 621 increases.

[0146] When the motor assembly 220 drives the cutting blade drive 500 to advance, the user can manually assist the movement of the cutting blade assembly 300 by actuating the handle 400. After assisting, the handle 400 can be released to move back to its initial position, allowing it to be actuated again to assist the advance of the cutting blade assembly 300. In this embodiment, the surgical instrument, through the one-way drive device 600, allows the handle 400 to selectively connect to the cutting blade drive 500 in a one-way drive configuration. When the cutting blade assembly 300 advances, medical personnel can manually assist the advance of the cutting blade assembly 300 multiple times by actuating the handle 400.

[0147] It is also worth noting that the surgical instrument of this application has only one handle 400. During the surgical procedure, the handle 400 is operated to perform multiple actuations, including a first actuation and subsequent actuations. Subsequent actuations are all secondary actuations other than the first actuation. The first actuation can drive the jaw assembly 200 to switch to a closed position to compress tissue, and the subsequent actuation can drive the cutting blade assembly 300 forward to fire. During the first actuation, the handle 400 can only drive the jaws to close and will not drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to move and advance. This is achieved through the following structure:

[0148] like Figure 22 and Figure 3As shown, the closing mechanism includes a linkage assembly 120 and an outer tube 123. The linkage assembly 120 includes a first link 121 and a second link 122. The first link 121 is rotatably connected to the outer tube 123, and a push block 1234 is provided on the outer tube 123. The distal end of the first link 121 is rotatably connected to the push block 1234, thereby connecting the first link 121 and the outer tube 123. One end of the second link 122 is rotatably connected to the frame 210, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first link 121, forming a two-bar linkage mechanism. When the linkage assembly 120 is in the first position, the first link 121 and the second link 122 are at a certain angle to each other, and both the first link 121 and the second link 122 are tilted downwards (towards the grip portion 410 of the handle 400). When the linkage assembly 120 is in the first position and the handle 400 has not been actuated for the first time, the handle 400 contacts the first link 121 or the second link 122, enabling the handle 400 to drive the linkage assembly 120 to move. The distal end of the first link 121 is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 123, and the proximal end is rotatably connected to the second link 122. The first link 121 and the second link 122 are rotatably connected through a hinge point. During the switching of the linkage assembly 120 from the first position to the second position, the hinge point gradually moves upward (away from the grip portion 410 of the handle 400). Since the proximal end of the second link 122 is connected to the frame 210, the hinge point located at the distal end of the second link 122 moves distally, so that when the first link 121 rotates, the distal end of the first link 121 moves distally. Therefore, the linkage assembly 120 can drive the outer sleeve 123 to move distally, thereby closing the jaw assembly 200.

[0149] The operating components also include a limiting member 212, which is rotatably mounted on the frame 210 and has a locked position. Figure 22 (Middle limit component 212 position) and unlocking position ( Figure 23 In the locked position (position of the limiting member 212), the limiting member 212 limits the first mating component 620 and / or the second mating component 630, causing the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 to separate. Limiting means that the limiting member 212 restricts the position of the first mating component 620 and / or the second mating component 630, keeping them in a non-contact state. The first actuation of the handle drives the linkage assembly to switch from the first position to the second position. During the movement of the linkage assembly to the second position, it drives the limiting member to move from the locked position to the unlocked position. In the unlocked position, the limiting member 212 releases the limitation on the first mating component 620 and / or the second mating component 630, allowing the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 to engage, realizing a unidirectional drive connection between the handle 400 and the rack 510.

[0150] It can be seen that before the handle 400 is actuated for the first time, the linkage assembly 120 is in the first position. The first actuation of the handle 400 can drive the linkage assembly 120 to switch from the first position to the second position, causing the jaw assembly 200 to close. During the process of the linkage assembly 120 switching from the first position to the second position, the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 are separated, and the one-way drive device 600 does not achieve a one-way drive connection between the handle 400 and the rack 510. Therefore, the first actuation of the handle 400 cannot drive the rack 510 to move. After the first actuation, the linkage assembly 120 is in the second position, the limiting member 212 is in the unlocked position, the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 are engaged, and the one-way drive device 600 achieves a one-way drive connection between the handle 400 and the rack 510, so that the handle 400 can drive the rack 510 to move distally through the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 during subsequent actuations.

[0151] After the limiting member 212 moves to the unlocked position, releasing the limiting effect on the first mating component 620 and / or the second mating component 630, the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 can automatically engage. In one embodiment, as... Figures 24 to 28 As shown, the limiting member 212 limits the first mating component 620, and the first mating component 620 can engage with the second mating component 630 through movement. The first mating component 620 also includes a first shaft 623, a first seat 624, and a first elastic member 625. The first shaft 623 is connected to the axis of the first gear 621, and the first seat 624 is connected to the first shaft 623. The first shaft 623 is slidably disposed within the operating component 100, so that the first mating component 620 can move along the axial direction of the first gear 621. The first mating component 620 achieves engagement and disengagement with the second mating component 630 through movement along the axial direction of the first gear 621. The first mating component 620 has a first engagement position and a first disengagement position. In the first engagement position, the first ratchet portion 622 engages with the second ratchet portion 632; in the first disengagement position, the first ratchet portion 622 disengages from the second ratchet portion 632.

[0152] The first elastic element 625 is connected between the frame 210 and the first base 624. When the first elastic element 625 is compressed, the first mating assembly 620 is in the first disengaged position. Figure 26 When the first elastic element 625 is released, the first mating component 620 is in the first mating position. Figure 28 (The position of the first mating component). For example... Figure 25 and Figure 26As shown, when the jaw assembly 200 is in the open state, the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, limiting the first seat 624, the first elastic member 625 is compressed, and the first mating assembly 620 is in the first disengaged state. When the handle 400 is actuated for the first time, the jaw assembly 200 switches from the open state to the closed state. During this process, the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the first mating assembly 620 and the second mating assembly 630 are separated, and the actuation of the handle 400 can only drive the connecting rod assembly 120 to close the jaw assembly 200, and cannot drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to move. When the jaw assembly 200 is in the closed state, as... Figure 27 and Figure 28 As shown, the linkage assembly 120 is in the second position, keeping the limiting member 212 in the unlocked position, and the first mating assembly 620 and the second mating assembly 630 are engaged. When the handle 400 is subsequently actuated, it can drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to move through the first mating assembly 620 and the second mating assembly 630, providing assistance for the cutting blade assembly 300's feed. At the same time, when the handle 400 is released, it drives the first gear 621 and the first ratchet 622 to rotate in the second direction. The first ratchet 622 and the second ratchet 632 rotate relative to each other, causing the first ratchet 622 to move away from the second ratchet 632. The first elastic member 625 can provide elastic force for the first ratchet 622 and the second ratchet 632 to engage, keeping the first ratchet 622 engaged with the second ratchet 632.

[0153] The frame 210 includes a first fixing part 214 and a first fixing shaft 213 fixedly connected to the first fixing part 214. A first shaft body 623 is sleeved on the first fixing shaft 213, so that the first shaft body 623 is slidably connected to the first fixing shaft 213 and can move within the operating assembly 100. A first elastic member 625 is disposed between the first fixing part 214 and the first seat 624. By applying elastic force to the first seat 624, the first gear 621 and the first ratchet part 622 move.

[0154] like Figure 24As shown, the limiting member 212 includes a body portion 2121 and a first limiting portion 2122. The body portion 2121 is rotatably mounted on the frame 210. The limiting member 212 switches between a locked position and an unlocked position by rotation. When the linkage assembly 120 is in the first position, the limiting member 212 is in the locked position and does not contact the linkage assembly 120. When the linkage assembly 120 switches from the first position to the second position, it pushes the limiting member 212 to rotate, causing the limiting member 212 to rotate to the unlocked position. When the linkage assembly 120 is in the second position, it abuts against the limiting member 212, keeping the limiting member 212 in the unlocked position. It is worth noting that a torsion spring (not shown in the figure) is provided between the limiting member 212 and the frame 210. When the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the torsion spring is in the initial state; when the limiting member 212 is in the unlocked position, the torsion spring is in a torsional state. When the jaw assembly 200 is in the closed position, the connecting rod assembly 120 is in the second position abutting against the limiting member 212, so that when the limiting member 212 is in the unlocked position, the torsion spring is twisted; when the jaw assembly 200 is in the open position, the connecting rod assembly 120 is in the first position and does not abut against the limiting member 212, and the limiting member 212 is held in the locked position by the torsion spring. The first limiting part 2122 is connected to the body part 2121 and is located on the side of the body part 2121 near the first seat 624. Figure 25 and Figure 26 As shown, when the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the first limiting part 2122 abuts against the first seat 624 to limit the first seat 624. The first limiting part 2122 restricts the first seat 624 from moving towards the second gear 631 along the axial direction of the first gear 621, keeping the first elastic member 625 in a compressed state, and the first mating assembly 620 in the first disengaged position. Figure 27 and Figure 28 As shown, when the limiting member 212 switches to the unlocked position, the first limiting part 2122 rotates with the main body 2121 and separates from the first seat 624, releasing the limiting of the first seat 624. The first limiting part 2122 no longer abuts against the first seat 624, allowing the first seat 624 to move in the direction of the second gear 631. The first elastic member 625 is released, allowing the first seat 624, the first shaft 623, the first gear 621, and the first ratchet part 622 to move towards the second gear 631. The first ratchet part 622 engages with the second ratchet part 632, and the first engaging component 620 switches to the first engaging position.

[0155] Furthermore, such as Figure 24As shown, a first guide slope 21222 is provided on the side of the first limiting part 2122 near the main body part 2121. When the jaw assembly 200 switches to the open state after the operation, the connecting rod assembly 120 switches to the first position, and the limiting member 212 switches from the unlocked position to the locked position. The limiting member 212 rotates to abut against the first seat 624 through the first limiting part 2122. During the process of the limiting member 212 switching to the locked position, the first guide slope 21222 of the first limiting part 2122 abuts against the first seat 624. The first limiting part 2122 drives the first seat 624 to move through the first guide slope 21222, compressing the first elastic member 625, so that the first mating member is in the first separated position. The setting of the first guide slope 21222 can effectively prevent the rotation of the first limiting part 2122 from being jammed by the first seat 624, causing the jaw assembly 200 to be unable to open. Meanwhile, an inclined surface can also be provided on the first seat 624 to cooperate with the first guide inclined surface 21222, so that the limiting member 212 can return to the locked position more smoothly.

[0156] Furthermore, the limiting member 212 also includes a first extension 2123, which is connected to the first limiting member 2122. The first limiting member 2122 has a first stepped surface 21221, and the first extension 2123 has a second stepped surface 21231. A first guide slope 21222 connects the first stepped surface 21221 and the second stepped surface 21231. When the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the first seat 624 abuts against the first stepped surface 21221; when the limiting member 212 is in the unlocked position, the first seat 624 abuts against the second stepped surface 21231, and the first seat 624 remains in the first mating position when abutting against the second stepped surface 21231. After the jaw assembly 200 is closed, during the cutting blade assembly 300's advance and retraction, the first seat 624 always abuts against the second stepped surface 21231, and the first mating assembly 620 is in the first mating position.

[0157] like Figure 25 and Figure 26 As shown, when the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the linkage assembly 120 is in the first position, and the first stepped surface 21221 abuts against the first seat 624. At this time, the first elastic member 625 is compressed, and the first ratchet portion 622 and the second ratchet portion 632 separate. When the handle 400 is actuated, it can only drive the linkage assembly 120 to switch from the first position to the second position. Because the first ratchet portion 622 and the second ratchet portion 632 are separated, the handle 400 cannot drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to move by driving the second gear 631. When the handle 400 is actuated for the first time to put the linkage assembly 120 in the second position, the linkage assembly 120 pushes the limiting member 212 during the process of switching to the second position, causing the limiting member 212 to switch to the unlocked position, as shown. Figure 27 and Figure 28As shown, when the limiting member 212 rotates to the unlocked position, it abuts against the first seat 624 through the second step surface 21231. When the first seat 624 switches from abutting against the first step surface 21221 to abutting against the second step surface 21231, the first elastic member 625 is released. The elastic force released by the first elastic member 625 causes the first seat 624 and the first gear 621 to move in the direction of the second gear 631, thereby causing the first ratchet portion 622 and the second ratchet portion 632 to mesh. Before the first actuation of the handle 400, the first ratchet 622 and the second ratchet 632 are separated, and the actuation of the handle 400 cannot drive the cutting blade drive 500. After the first actuation of the handle 400, the first ratchet 622 and the second ratchet 632 engage, and the main control module starts the feed mode. In subsequent actuations, when the handle 400 rotates at an angle greater than the first preset angle relative to its initial position, the first tooth 440 engages with the first gear 621, realizing a one-way transmission connection between the handle 400 and the rack 510. The handle can drive the rack 510 to move, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 300.

[0158] After determining that the cutting blade assembly 300 has cut to the bottom, the main control module initiates the return mode. Once the handle 400 is in its initial position, the motor assembly drives the cutting blade assembly 300 to return. During the return process, the jaw assembly 200 is in a closed state, the connecting rod assembly 120 is in its second state, the limiter 212 is in an unlocked state, and the first ratchet 622 and the second ratchet 632 are engaged. When the cutting blade assembly returns, the rack 510 moves proximally, driving the second gear 631 to rotate. The second ratchet 632 rotates with the second gear 631, and the second ratchet 632 can drive the first ratchet 622 and the first gear 621 to rotate. Since the handle 400 is in its initial position and separated from the first gear 621, the rotating first gear 621 will not interfere with the handle 400 during the return process, preventing damage to the handle 400 or the first gear 621. If a medical staff member accidentally touches the handle 400, causing it to rotate to the second preset angle, the main control module controls the motor assembly 200 to stop, preventing the first gear 621 from interfering with the handle 400 and damaging the components. The values ​​of the first and second preset angles in this embodiment are the same as in the first embodiment.

[0159] In another embodiment, such as Figures 29 to 31As shown, the second mating assembly 630 is movable to engage with the first mating assembly 620. The second mating assembly 630 includes a second shaft 633, a second seat 634, and a second elastic member 635. The second shaft 633 is connected to the axis of the second gear 631, and the second seat 634 is connected to the second shaft 633, allowing the second shaft 633 to be slidably disposed within the operating assembly 100, enabling the second mating assembly 630 to move along the axial direction of the second gear 631. The second mating assembly 630 engages and disengages with the first mating assembly 620 through movement along the axial direction of the second gear 631. The second mating assembly 630 has a second mating position and a second disengagement position. In the second mating position, the first ratchet portion 622 engages with the second ratchet portion 632; in the second disengagement position, the first ratchet portion 622 disengages from the second ratchet portion 632.

[0160] like Figures 31 to 34 As shown, the second elastic element 635 is connected between the frame 210 and the second base 634. When the second elastic element 635 is compressed, the second mating assembly 630 is in the second disengaged position. Figure 32 When the second elastic element 635 is released, the second mating component 630 is in the second mating position. Figure 34 (Position of the second mating component 630). When the jaw assembly 200 is in the open state, the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, limiting the second seat 634, the second elastic member 635 is compressed, and the second mating component 630 is in the second separated state. When the handle 400 is actuated for the second time, the jaw assembly 200 switches from the open state to the closed state. During this process, the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the second mating component 630 separates from the first mating component 620, and the actuation of the handle 400 can only drive the connecting rod assembly 120 to close the jaw assembly 200, and cannot drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to move. When the jaw assembly 200 is in the closed state, the limiting member 212 switches to the unlocked position, and the second mating component 630 engages with the first mating component 620. When the handle 400 is actuated subsequently, it can drive the cutting blade assembly 300 to move through the second mating component 630 and the second mating component 630, providing assistance for the cutting blade assembly 300 to advance.

[0161] The frame 210 includes a second fixing part 216 and a second fixing shaft 215 fixedly connected to the second fixing part 216. A second shaft body 633 is sleeved on the second fixing shaft 215, so that the second shaft body 633 and the second fixing shaft 215 are slidably connected and can move within the operating assembly 100. A second elastic member 635 is disposed between the second fixing part 216 and the second seat 634. By applying elastic force to the second seat 634, the second gear 631 and the second ratchet part 632 move.

[0162] The limiting member 212 includes a second limiting part 2124, which is connected to the main body 2121 and located on the side of the main body 2121 near the second seat 634. When the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the second limiting part 2124 abuts against the second seat 634 to limit the second seat 634. The second limiting part 2124 restricts the second seat 634 from moving towards the first gear 621 along the axial direction of the second gear 631, keeping the second elastic member 635 in a compressed state, and the second mating assembly 630 in a second disengaged position. When the limiting member 212 switches to the unlocked position, the second limiting part 2124 rotates with the main body 2121 and separates from the second seat 634, releasing the limiting of the second seat 634. The second limiting part 2124 no longer abuts against the second seat 634, allowing the second seat 634 to move in the direction of the first gear 621. The second elastic member 635 is released, allowing the second seat 634, the second shaft 633, the second gear 631, and the second ratchet part 632 to move towards the first gear 621. The second ratchet part 632 engages with the first ratchet part 622, and the second engaging component 630 switches to the second engaging position.

[0163] Furthermore, such as Figure 30 As shown, a second guide slope 21242 is provided on the side of the second limiting part 2124 away from the main body part 2121. When the jaw assembly 200 switches to the open state after the operation, the connecting rod assembly 120 switches to the first position, and the limiting member 212 switches from the unlocked position to the locked position. The limiting member 212 rotates to abut against the second seat 634 through the second limiting part 2124. During the process of the limiting member 212 switching to the locked position, the second guide slope 21242 of the second limiting part 2124 abuts against the second seat 634. The second limiting part 2124 drives the second seat 634 to move through the second guide slope 21242, compressing the second elastic member 635, so that the second mating member is in the second separated position. The setting of the second guide slope 21242 can effectively prevent the second limiting part 2124 from being jammed by the second seat 634 during rotation, causing the jaw assembly 200 to be unable to open. Meanwhile, an inclined surface can also be provided on the second seat 634 to cooperate with the second guide inclined surface 21242, so that the limiting member 212 can return to the locked position more smoothly.

[0164] Furthermore, the limiting member 212 also includes a second extension 2125, which is connected to the second limiting member 2124. The second limiting member 2124 has a first stepped surface 21241, and the second extension 2125 has a second stepped surface 21251. A second guide slope 21242 connects the first stepped surface 21241 and the second stepped surface 21251. When the limiting member 212 is in the locked position, the second seat 634 abuts against the first stepped surface 21241; when the limiting member 212 is in the unlocked position, the second seat 634 abuts against the second stepped surface 21251, and the second seat 634 remains in the second mating position when abutting against the second stepped surface 21251. After the jaw assembly 200 is closed, during the cutting blade assembly 300's advance and retraction, the second seat 634 always abuts against the second stepped surface 21251, and the second mating assembly 630 is in the second mating position.

[0165] After the cutting blade assembly 300 fires, the medical staff performs a retraction operation. The motor assembly 220 drives the rack 510 proximally, causing the cutting blade assembly 300 to move proximally for retraction. During retraction, the jaw assembly 200 is in the closed state, and the linkage assembly 120 is in the second state. Therefore, the limiting member 212 is in the unlocked position, causing the first engaging assembly 620 to be in the first engaging position, engaging with the second engaging assembly 630. The cutting blade assembly 300 and the cutting blade 310 drive member move proximally, driving the second gear 631 to rotate. The second ratchet 632 rotates with the second gear 631, and the second ratchet 632 can drive the first ratchet 622 and the first gear 621 to rotate in the second direction. After retraction is complete, the medical staff uses the unlocking assembly to release the linkage assembly 120 from the second position, allowing the jaw assembly 200 to switch from the closed position to the open position, thus opening the jaw assembly 200.

[0166] In one embodiment, the unlocking component includes an operating part located outside the housing of the operating component 100 and an unlocking part located inside the housing of the operating component 100, which abuts against the linkage assembly 120 located in the second position. The unlocking part is linked with the operating part. When a medical staff member operates the operating part, the unlocking part moves to push the linkage assembly 120, causing the linkage assembly 120 to return to the first position, and the jaw assembly 200 opens to release the human tissue. Specifically, the operating part can be a button (not shown in the figure) located on the housing of the operating component 100, and the unlocking part is located inside the operating component 100 and is a rod extending in the vertical direction. The button is connected to the rod. When the button is not operated, the rod is located above the linkage assembly 120, and the linkage assembly 120 is self-locked in the second position. When a medical staff member operates the button, the rod moves downward to abut against and push the linkage assembly 120, so that the linkage assembly 120 is no longer in the second position, thereby releasing the self-locking state of the linkage assembly 120. Figure 19As shown, the operating component 100 also includes a spring 1233. One end of the spring 1233 is connected to the frame 210, and the other end is connected to the push block 1234. When the linkage assembly 120 is in the second position, the spring 1233 is in a compressed state; when the linkage assembly 120 is in the first position, the spring 1233 is in a released state. When a medical staff member operates the button, causing the linkage assembly 120 to move out of the second position, the spring 1233 is released, pushing the push block 1234 proximally, thereby moving the linkage assembly 120 to the first position, placing the jaw assembly 200 in the open position. When the linkage assembly 120 moves from the second position to the first position and no longer abuts against the limiting member 212, the limiting member 212 moves from the unlocked position to the locked position under the action of the torsion spring.

[0167] In other embodiments, the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 move toward each other to achieve mating. The structure of the first mating component 620 and the second mating component 630 is the same as in the above scheme, and will not be described again here.

[0168] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0169] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, comprising: An operating component and a cutting blade assembly connected to the operating component, characterized in that the operating component comprises: frame; A handle is rotatably connected to the frame. The handle has an initial position and a pressed position. When actuated, the handle moves to the pressed position, and when released, the handle moves to the initial position. A cutting blade drive unit is connected to the cutting blade assembly; A motor assembly, connected to the cutting blade drive, responds to the drive of the motor assembly, and the cutting blade drive drives the cutting blade assembly to move to the distal end or to the proximal end; A one-way drive device is provided, wherein the handle is selectively connected to the cutting blade drive component in one-way transmission via the one-way drive device; when the handle is in the initial position, the handle is separated from the cutting blade drive component; when the handle rotates a first preset angle relative to the initial position, it is connected to the cutting blade drive component in one-way transmission via the one-way drive device. The main control module is electrically connected to the motor assembly; A handle detection device is electrically connected to the main control module. The handle detection device acquires a handle detection signal indicating the position of the handle, and the main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal. When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade assembly to move towards the proximal end, if the main control module determines that the position of the handle has reached the preset position based on the handle detection signal, it controls the motor assembly to stop; the handle reaches the preset position when the angle of rotation relative to the initial position is equal to the second preset angle; the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset angle is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 20°.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset angle is less than 10°.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting blade drive is a rack, and the one-way drive device includes a pawl, which is rotatably connected to the handle. When the handle is actuated, it drives the pawl to move distally. The pawl engages with the rack, enabling a one-way transmission connection between the handle and the rack. The handle drives the rack to move distally via the pawl. When the handle is released, the pawl moves non-driven relative to the cutting blade drive.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting blade drive is a rack, and the one-way drive device includes a first gear, a second gear, and a ratchet structure. The first gear and the second gear are connected in one-way transmission through the ratchet structure. The handle is provided with a first tooth that can be operably engaged with the first gear. The second gear is engaged with the rack. When the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, the first tooth drives the first gear to rotate. The first gear drives the second gear to move through the ratchet structure, thereby driving the rack to move to the distal end. When the handle moves from the pressing position to the initial position, the first tooth drives the first gear to rotate in the opposite direction. The first gear rotates relative to the second gear without being driven, until the first tooth disengages from the first gear.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ratchet structure includes a first ratchet portion and a second ratchet portion. The first ratchet portion is connected to the first gear and moves synchronously with the first gear. The second ratchet portion is connected to the second gear and moves synchronously with the second gear. The first ratchet portion can only drive the second ratchet portion and the second gear to rotate when rotating in a first direction, so as to drive the rack to move to the distal end.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The operating components also include a cutting blade detection device, which is electrically connected to the main control module. The cutting blade detection device acquires a cutting blade assembly detection signal indicating the position of the cutting blade assembly, and the main control module determines whether the cutting blade assembly has cut to the bottom based on the cutting blade assembly detection signal; When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly is in the cutting-to-the-end state and the main control module determines that the handle is in the initial position, it activates the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade drive component, thereby causing the cutting blade assembly to move towards the proximal side.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first region and a second region are formed between the initial position and the pressing position. When the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, it passes through the first region and the second region in sequence. The operating component also includes a cutting blade detection device, which is electrically connected to the main control module. The cutting blade detection device acquires a cutting blade assembly detection signal indicating the position of the cutting blade assembly, and the main control module determines whether the cutting blade assembly has cut to the bottom based on the cutting blade assembly detection signal; The main control module determines whether the handle is located in the second area based on the handle detection signal; When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly has not cut to the bottom and that the handle is located in the second area, it controls the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade drive component to move to the far end.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first region is generally a fan-shaped surface, and the central angle of the first region is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 8°.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first region includes a third region and a fourth region that are connected to each other, wherein the fourth region is located between the third region and the second region and is connected to the second region; When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade driver to move to the distal end, the main control module determines whether the handle is in the third or fourth region based on the handle detection signal. If the handle is in the third region, the motor assembly is stopped; if the handle is in the fourth region, the motor assembly is kept running to drive the cutting blade driver to move to the distal end.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized in that, When the handle detection signal is less than or equal to a third preset value, the main control module determines that the handle is in the third region; when the handle detection signal is greater than the third preset value and less than a fourth preset value, the main control module determines that the handle is in the fourth region.

12. The surgical instrument according to claim 10, characterized in that, The third and fourth regions are generally fan-shaped surfaces, with the central angle of the third region being less than 3° and the central angle of the fourth region being less than or equal to 5°.

13. A surgical instrument comprising: An operating component and a cutting blade assembly connected to the operating component, characterized in that the operating component comprises: frame; A handle, rotatably connected to the frame, has an initial position and a pressed position; A cutting blade drive unit is connected to the cutting blade assembly; A motor assembly, connected to the cutting blade drive, responds to the drive of the motor assembly, and the cutting blade drive drives the cutting blade assembly to move to the distal end or to the proximal end; The main control module is electrically connected to the motor assembly; A cutting blade detection device is electrically connected to the main control module to acquire a cutting blade detection signal indicating the position of the cutting blade assembly. The main control module determines whether the cutting blade assembly has cut to the bottom based on the cutting blade detection signal. A handle detection device is electrically connected to the main control module to acquire a handle detection signal indicating the position of the handle, and the main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal; When the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position to meet the preset conditions, the main control module controls the motor to drive the cutting blade assembly to move to the distal end; When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly has cut to the bottom and the main control module determines that the handle is in the initial position, it starts the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade drive component, thereby moving the cutting blade assembly to the proximal side.

14. The surgical instrument according to claim 13, characterized in that, A first region and a second region are formed between the initial position and the pressing position. When the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, it passes through the first region and the second region in sequence. When the handle is located in the second region, it satisfies the preset condition. The main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal. When the main control module determines that the cutting blade assembly has not cut to the bottom and that the handle is located in the second area, it controls the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade drive component to move to the far end.

15. The surgical instrument according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first region is generally a fan-shaped surface, and the central angle of the first region is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 8°.

16. The surgical instrument according to claim 14, characterized in that, The first region includes a third region and a fourth region that are connected to each other, wherein the fourth region is located between the third region and the second region and is connected to the second region; When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade drive to move to the far end, the main control module determines whether the handle is in the third or fourth region based on the handle detection signal. If the handle is in the third region, the motor assembly is stopped; if the handle is in the fourth region, the motor assembly is kept running.

17. The surgical instrument according to claim 16, characterized in that, The third and fourth regions are generally fan-shaped surfaces, with the central angle of the third region being less than 3° and the central angle of the fourth region being less than or equal to 5°.

18. The surgical instrument according to claim 13, characterized in that, The handle moves to the pressing position when actuated, and moves to the initial position when released; the operating component further includes: A one-way drive device is provided, wherein the handle is unidirectionally connected to the cutting blade drive component via the one-way drive device. When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade assembly to move to the distal end, the handle is actuated, so that the handle drives the cutting blade drive component to move to the distal end via the one-way drive device; the handle is released, so that the one-way drive device moves non-driven relative to the cutting blade drive component.

19. The surgical instrument according to claim 18, characterized in that, The cutting blade drive is a rack, and the one-way drive device includes a pawl, which is rotatably connected to the handle; when the handle is actuated, the rack is driven to move distally through the pawl.

20. The surgical instrument according to claim 18, characterized in that, The cutting blade drive is a rack, and the one-way drive device includes a first gear, a second gear, and a ratchet structure. The first gear and the second gear are connected by a ratchet structure for one-way transmission. The handle is provided with a first tooth that can be operably engaged with the first gear. The second gear engages with the rack. In response to the motor assembly driving the cutting blade assembly to move distally, when the handle moves from the initial position to the pressing position, the first tooth drives the first gear to rotate. The first gear drives the second gear to move through the ratchet structure, thereby driving the rack to move distally. When the handle moves from the pressing position to the initial position, the first tooth engages with the first gear to drive the first gear to rotate in the opposite direction. The first gear rotates relative to the second gear without being driven, until the first tooth disengages from the first gear.

21. The surgical instrument according to claim 20, characterized in that, The ratchet structure includes a first ratchet portion and a second ratchet portion. The first ratchet portion is connected to the first gear and moves synchronously with the first gear. The second ratchet portion is connected to the second gear and moves synchronously with the second gear.

22. The surgical instrument according to claim 18, characterized in that, When the handle is in the initial position, the handle is separated from the cutting blade drive component; when the handle rotates a first preset angle relative to the initial position, the handle is connected to the cutting blade drive component in a one-way transmission.

23. The surgical instrument according to claim 22, characterized in that, The first preset angle is greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 20°.

24. The surgical instrument according to claim 22, characterized in that, The operating components also include a main control module and a handle detection device. The main control module is electrically connected to the handle detection device and the motor assembly. The main control module controls the motor assembly to drive the cutting blade to move towards the proximal or distal end. The handle detection device acquires a handle detection signal indicating the position of the handle, and the main control module determines the position of the handle based on the handle detection signal. When the motor assembly drives the cutting blade to move towards the proximal end, if the main control module determines that the position of the handle has reached a preset position, it controls the motor assembly to stop. The handle reaches the preset position when it rotates at an angle equal to the second preset angle relative to the initial position; the second preset angle is less than the first preset angle.

25. The surgical instrument according to claim 24, characterized in that, The second preset angle is less than 10°.

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