Welding apparatus, welding systems and welding methods

Abstract

This invention discloses a welding apparatus, welding system, and welding method. The welding apparatus includes: a welding torch; an electrode assembly comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, the second electrode being adapted to be connected to the welding torch; a positioning block connected to the first electrode; and a correction assembly adapted to be disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the correction assembly comprising a copper electrode on which a workpiece to be welded is disposed, the contact end of the first electrode being adapted to contact the surface of the copper electrode, and the contact end of the second electrode being adapted to contact the surface of the workpiece to be welded. According to the welding apparatus of this invention, the electrode end face is increased, indentation is reduced, and the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentations in existing manual resistance spot welding processes are solved. It also avoids weld point distortion caused by the difficulty of the electrode assembly being perpendicular to the plane of the workpiece to be welded, thus optimizing the appearance quality of the weld point.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle manufacturing technology, and in particular to a welding apparatus, welding system and welding method. Background Technology

[0002] Related technologies indicate that resistance spot welding is the most widely used joining process in automotive body panels. Some production lines still retain manual welding stations, such as those for automotive opening and closing components and side panel welding. A large portion of the welds at these stations are visible after the opening and closing components are opened, making the quality of these welds highly perceptible and a representative factor of the automaker's manufacturing process. However, existing manual resistance spot welding processes rely on manual operation of the welding torch, with the perpendicularity of the torch to the surface to be welded entirely dependent on manual control. This can easily lead to weld distortion and excessively deep indentations on the surface, resulting in poor appearance.

[0003] On the other hand, in today's increasingly competitive automotive market, cost reduction has become a common goal for every automaker. Lower-priced zinc-aluminum-magnesium coated sheet metal is rapidly replacing higher-priced galvanized sheet metal. However, with existing welding techniques, the electrode face is small and the indentation is deep. After welding with zinc-aluminum-magnesium coated sheet metal, coating accumulation around the indentation can form protrusions or burrs. Furthermore, the welded surface is hard and extremely difficult to polish smooth, significantly impacting the appearance quality of the weld. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a welding apparatus that can solve the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentations in existing manual resistance spot welding processes.

[0005] The present invention also proposes a welding system having the above-described welding apparatus.

[0006] The present invention also proposes a welding method.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a welding apparatus includes: a welding torch; an electrode assembly including a first electrode and a second electrode, the second electrode being adapted to be connected to the welding torch; a positioning block connected to the first electrode; and a correction assembly adapted to be disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the correction assembly including a copper electrode on which a workpiece to be welded is disposed, a contact end of the first electrode being adapted to contact a surface of the copper electrode, and a contact end of the second electrode being adapted to contact a surface of the workpiece to be welded.

[0008] According to the welding apparatus of the present invention, by having the first electrode in contact with the copper electrode surface and the second electrode in contact with the surface of the workpiece to be welded, the electrode end face is increased, the indentation is reduced, and the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentation on the surface of the existing manual resistance spot welding process are solved. It avoids the situation where the electrode assembly is difficult to be perpendicular to the plane of the workpiece to be welded, which leads to weld point distortion, optimizes the appearance quality of the weld point, and the overall structure of the welding apparatus is ingeniously designed, the operation method is simple and convenient, and the difficulty of welding operation is reduced.

[0009] In some embodiments, the calibration assembly further includes an adjustment plate and an adapter, the adapter being disposed on the adjustment plate, and the copper electrode being detachably connected to the adapter.

[0010] In some embodiments, a welding surface adapted to contact the surface of the workpiece to be welded is formed on the copper electrode, and a chamfer is formed around the periphery of the welding surface.

[0011] In some embodiments, the chamfer has a first chamfer portion and a second chamfer portion, the first chamfer portion and the second chamfer portion are connected in the axial direction of the copper electrode, and the chamfer diameter of the first chamfer portion is smaller than the chamfer diameter of the second chamfer portion.

[0012] In some embodiments, a first positioning portion and a second positioning portion are formed on the copper electrode, and the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first positioning portion is formed as a first plane extending along the axis of the copper electrode, and the second positioning portion is formed as a second plane and a positioning hole, the second plane being arranged parallel to the first plane, and the positioning hole extending toward the first plane on the second plane.

[0014] In some embodiments, the adapter has a connection hole, and the copper electrode and the adapter are connected to the positioning hole by fasteners passing through the connection hole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the adjusting plate has through holes suitable for fasteners to pass through, and the correction assembly further includes an insulating element disposed at least between the fastener and the adjusting plate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the welding apparatus further includes a support having a fixed portion and a movable portion, wherein the first electrode and the positioning block are both disposed in the fixed portion, and the welding torch is disposed in the movable portion.

[0017] A welding system according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a clamping device and a welding apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the clamping device is adapted to clamp a correction component of the welding apparatus.

[0018] According to the welding system of the present invention, by setting the welding device of the first aspect of the present invention, the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentation on the surface of the existing manual resistance spot welding process are solved, the electrode end face is increased, the indentation is reduced, and the appearance quality of the weld point is optimized.

[0019] The welding method according to a third aspect embodiment of the present invention is applicable to the welding apparatus according to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention or the welding system according to the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, the welding method comprising:

[0020] Step S1: Move the welding torch into the positioning block to perform initial positioning of the welding torch;

[0021] Step S2: Move the welding torch away from the positioning block and move the first electrode closer to the lower surface of the copper electrode;

[0022] Step S3: Turn on the welding torch power and perform welding pre-pressure action. The first electrode and the second electrode are automatically aligned to a vertical state.

[0023] Step S4: After pre-pressurization is completed, turn on the welding power supply and maintain the welding pressure to perform resistance spot welding until the welding is completed.

[0024] According to the welding method of the present invention, by applying it to the welding apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention or the welding system of the second aspect of the present invention, the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentation in the existing manual resistance spot welding process are solved, the electrode end face is increased, the indentation is reduced, and the appearance quality of the weld point is optimized.

[0025] Further, step S3 includes:

[0026] Step S3.1: Move the first electrode and the second electrode to make point contact or line contact between the first electrode and the copper electrode, and point contact or line contact between the second electrode and the workpiece to be welded.

[0027] Step S3.2: The first electrode and the second electrode are pressed together, so that the first electrode and the copper electrode switch to surface contact, and the second electrode and the workpiece to be welded switch to surface contact.

[0028] The pressing time of the pre-pressing action is greater than 100ms.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a welding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the welding apparatus shown;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the correction component shown;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An exploded view of the correction component shown;

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the copper electrode shown;

[0035] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the AA cross-section of the copper electrode shown;

[0036] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the welding apparatus shown performing step S1;

[0037] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the welding apparatus shown performing step S2;

[0038] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the welding apparatus shown performing steps S3 and S4;

[0039] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the welding apparatus shown performing step S3.1;

[0040] Figure 11 yes Figure 9 The diagram shows the welding apparatus performing step S3.2.

[0041] Figure label:

[0042] 100. Welding equipment;

[0043] 1. Welding torch;

[0044] 2. Electrode assembly; 21. First electrode; 22. Second electrode;

[0045] 3. Positioning block;

[0046] 4. Correction assembly; 41. Copper electrode; 411. Chamfer; 4111. First chamfer; 4112. Second chamfer; 412. Welding surface; 413. First plane; 414. Second plane; 415. Positioning hole;

[0047] 42. Adjusting plate; 421. Through hole; 43. Adapter; 431. Connecting hole; 44. Insulating component;

[0048] 5. Fasteners;

[0049] 6. Bracket; 61. Fixed part; 62. Moving part;

[0050] 200. Components to be welded. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] First, refer to Figures 1-11 A welding system according to a second aspect embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described, the welding system including a welding apparatus 100 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] The welding system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a clamping device and a welding apparatus 100 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the clamping device being adapted to clamp a correction component 4 of the welding apparatus 100. Thus, the welding system has an ingenious structural design and is simple and easy to operate.

[0054] According to the welding system of the present invention, by setting the welding device 100 of the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentation on the surface of the existing manual resistance spot welding process are solved, the electrode end face is increased, the indentation is reduced, and the appearance quality of the weld point is optimized.

[0055] The following is for reference. Figures 1-11 A welding apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention is described.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the welding apparatus 100 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: a welding torch 1, an electrode assembly 2, a positioning block 3, and a correction assembly 4.

[0057] Specifically, the electrode assembly 2 includes a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22. The second electrode 22 is adapted to be connected to the welding torch 1. The positioning block 3 is connected to the first electrode 21. The correction assembly 4 is adapted to be disposed between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22. The correction assembly 4 includes a copper electrode 41. The copper electrode 41 is provided with a workpiece 200 to be welded. The contact end of the first electrode 21 is adapted to be in contact with the surface of the copper electrode 41. The contact end of the second electrode 22 is adapted to be in contact with the surface of the workpiece 200 to be welded.

[0058] In other words, under pressure, the first electrode 21 and the copper electrode 41 are in surface contact, and the second electrode 22 and the workpiece 200 are in surface contact. The contact ends of the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are equipped with electrode caps. The top plane of the electrode cap is in surface contact with the copper electrode 41, and the top plane of the electrode cap is in surface contact with the workpiece 200, thereby achieving automatic vertical correction.

[0059] According to the welding apparatus 100 of the present invention, the first electrode 21 contacts the copper electrode 41, and the second electrode 22 contacts the workpiece 200 to be welded. This increases the electrode end face, reduces indentation, and solves the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentation in the existing manual resistance spot welding process. It also avoids the situation where the electrode assembly 2 is difficult to be perpendicular to the plane of the workpiece 200 to cause weld point distortion, optimizes the appearance quality of the weld point, and the overall structure of the welding apparatus 100 is ingeniously designed and the operation method is simple and convenient, reducing the difficulty of welding operation.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the correction assembly 4 also includes an adjustment plate 42 and an adapter 43. The adapter 43 is mounted on the adjustment plate 42, and the copper electrode 41 is detachably connected to the adapter 43. Here, the adjustment plate 42 can be a spring steel sheet. The spring steel sheet is elastic, allowing the copper electrode 41 to have a certain range of adjustment. This can absorb the precision differences between the welding surfaces of different components, ensuring that the copper electrode 41 is always in close contact with the welding surface of each component, thus keeping the welding surface flat and undeformed. This avoids gaps between the copper electrode 41 and the welding surface of the component 200, preventing deformation of the welding surface of the component 200 during welding to ensure the aesthetic appearance of the welded components.

[0061] Furthermore, as a consumable of the welding device 100, the copper electrode 41 is detachably connected to the adapter 43, allowing for quick replacement and automatic grinding, ensuring the consistency of the copper electrode 41, extending its service life, reducing production costs, and improving the appearance quality of the weld.

[0062] Furthermore, a welding surface 412 suitable for contacting the surface of the workpiece 200 is formed on the copper electrode 41. A chamfer 411 is formed around the periphery of the welding surface 412. The welding surface 412 contacts the workpiece 200 and transmits the current brought by the electrode assembly 2. It can be understood that the planar electrode can maintain a good flatness of the weld surface during the weld point formation process, so as to achieve no indentation and no distortion, improve the welding quality, reduce welding spatter, and the chamfer 411 enables automatic grinding of the copper electrode 41.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the chamfer 411 has a first chamfer portion 4111 and a second chamfer portion 4112. The first chamfer portion 4111 and the second chamfer portion 4112 are connected in the axial direction of the copper electrode 41. The chamfer diameter of the first chamfer portion 4111 is smaller than the chamfer diameter of the second chamfer portion 4112. It can be understood that the chamfer 411 of the copper electrode 41 is a circular chamfer 411. The chamfer 411 comprises two sections, namely, a first chamfer portion 4111 and a second chamfer portion 4112 connected in the axial direction, and the chamfer diameter of the first chamfer portion 4111 is smaller than the chamfer diameter of the second chamfer portion 4112. This enables the copper electrode 41 to be automatically ground, providing quality assurance for automatic grinding.

[0064] Furthermore, the smaller chamfer diameter of the first chamfer 4111 allows the current to be more concentrated in this area during the initial stage of welding, which helps to quickly preheat and precisely control the heating degree of the welding start point, preventing the material from over-melting or deforming. The smooth transition from the small chamfer 411 to the large chamfer 411 can achieve a more uniform energy distribution during the welding process. As the welding process progresses, the larger chamfer diameter helps the heat to diffuse to a wider area, ensuring uniform fusion of the entire welding plane.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present invention, a first positioning portion and a second positioning portion are formed on the copper electrode 41, and the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction. That is, the first positioning portion and the second positioning portion are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction, which helps the operator or automated equipment to place the copper electrode 41 in the correct position and angle more accurately, and ensures the positioning and fixation of the copper electrode 41 and the adapter 43.

[0066] Specifically, such as Figures 3-6 As shown, the first positioning part is formed as a first plane 413 extending along the axis of the copper electrode 41, and the second positioning part is formed as a second plane 414 and a positioning hole 415. The second plane 414 is arranged parallel to the first plane 413, and the positioning hole 415 extends on the second plane 414 toward the first plane 413. Thus, the first plane 413 and the second plane 414 ensure that the copper electrode 41 can be quickly positioned and fixed on the grinding machine during automatic grinding, and the positioning hole 415 further ensures the positioning and fixation of the copper electrode 41 and the adapter 43.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the adapter 43 has a connecting hole 431. The copper electrode 41 and the adapter 43 are connected to the positioning hole 415 through the connecting hole 431 by fasteners 5. The connecting hole 431 is a threaded hole. The copper electrode 41 and the adapter 43 are fixedly connected by fasteners 5, which ensures the structural stability and welding accuracy of the welding device 100, improves the convenience of maintenance and assembly of the copper electrode 41, improves the assembly efficiency of the correction component 4, and the connection and positioning method is simple. It realizes the quick replacement of the copper electrode 41 and the automatic grinding of the copper electrode 41, thereby realizing that the copper electrode 41 can be automatically ground and reused.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the adjusting plate 42 has a through hole 421 suitable for the fastener 5 to pass through. The correction assembly 4 also includes an insulating element 44, which is at least located between the fastener 5 and the adjusting plate 42. The insulating element 44 can be an insulating gasket or an insulating sleeve. Specifically, the insulating gasket is located on both sides of the adjusting plate 42 and between the fastener 5 and the adjusting plate 42. The insulating sleeve is fitted onto the nut of the fastener 5. In this way, the current can be prevented from being transmitted to the fixture through the connection of the fastener 5 during the welding process, thus avoiding the situation where the current is diverted and welding cannot be performed.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the welding device 100 also includes a support 6, which has a fixed part 61 and a movable part 62. The first electrode 21 and the positioning block 3 are both located in the fixed part 61, and the welding torch 1 is located in the movable part 62. The welding torch 1 can be moved up and down by the operator or automated equipment. The fixed part 61 provides a reference point and stable electrode positioning for the welding operation, ensuring the overall efficiency and adaptability of the welding operation.

[0070] A welding system according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a welding apparatus 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention described above.

[0071] Specifically, the welding system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a clamping device and a welding apparatus 100 according to a first aspect embodiment of the present invention, wherein the clamping device is adapted to clamp the correction component 4 of the welding apparatus 100. Thus, the welding system has an ingenious structural design and is simple and easy to operate.

[0072] According to the welding system of the present invention, by setting the welding device 100 of the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentation on the surface of the existing manual resistance spot welding process are solved, the electrode end face is increased, the indentation is reduced, and the appearance quality of the weld point is optimized.

[0073] The welding method according to a third aspect of the present invention is applicable to the welding apparatus 100 according to the first aspect of the present invention or the welding system according to the second aspect of the present invention.

[0074] Specifically, the welding methods include:

[0075] Step S1: Move the welding torch 1 into the positioning block 3 to perform initial positioning of the welding torch 1; (e.g.) Figure 7 (As shown)

[0076] Step S2: Move the welding torch 1 away from the positioning block 3, and move the first electrode 21 closer to the lower surface of the copper electrode 41; (e.g.) Figure 8 (As shown)

[0077] Step S3: Turn on the power to welding torch 1 to perform welding pre-pressure action; the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 will automatically be aligned to a vertical position; (e.g.) Figure 9 (As shown)

[0078] Step S4: After pre-pressurization, connect the welding power supply and maintain the welding pressure to perform resistance spot welding until the welding is completed. (e.g.) Figure 9 (As shown)

[0079] Furthermore, step S3 includes:

[0080] Step S3.1: Move the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 so that the first electrode 21 makes point or line contact with the copper electrode 41, and the second electrode 22 makes point or line contact with the workpiece 200 to be welded; (e.g. Figure 10 (As shown)

[0081] In step S3.2, the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are pressed together, causing the first electrode 21 to switch to surface contact with the copper electrode 41, and the second electrode 22 to switch to surface contact with the workpiece 200 to be welded. Because the copper electrode 41 has a large thickness and reliable rigidity, under pressure, the first electrode 21 and the copper electrode 41 switch to surface contact, and the second electrode 22 switches to surface contact with the workpiece 200 to be welded, thereby achieving automatic vertical alignment. (e.g.) Figure 11 (As shown)

[0082] Among them, the clamping time of the pre-compression action is greater than 100ms.

[0083] The welding method according to the embodiments of the present invention, by being applied to the welding apparatus 100 of the first aspect embodiment of the present invention or the welding system of the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, solves the appearance quality problems of weld point distortion and excessively deep indentation in the existing manual resistance spot welding process, increases the electrode end face, reduces indentation, and optimizes the appearance quality of the weld point.

[0084] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0085] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0086] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0087] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0088] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A welding apparatus, characterized in that, include: Welding torch; An electrode assembly, comprising a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the second electrode is adapted to be connected to the welding torch; A positioning block, wherein the positioning block is connected to the first electrode; A calibration assembly is adapted to be disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The calibration assembly includes a copper electrode on which a workpiece to be soldered is disposed. The contact end of the first electrode is adapted to contact the surface of the copper electrode, and the contact end of the second electrode is adapted to contact the surface of the workpiece to be soldered. A welding surface suitable for contacting the surface of the workpiece to be welded is formed on the copper electrode. A chamfer is formed around the periphery of the welding surface. The chamfer has a first chamfer portion and a second chamfer portion. The first chamfer portion and the second chamfer portion are connected in the axial direction of the copper electrode. The chamfer diameter of the first chamfer portion is smaller than the chamfer diameter of the second chamfer portion. The first chamfer portion is the chamfer portion closer to the welding surface, and the second chamfer portion is the chamfer portion farther away from the welding surface. The two ends of the first chamfer portion are respectively connected to the welding surface and the second chamfer portion.

2. The welding apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calibration assembly further includes an adjustment plate and an adapter, the adapter being disposed on the adjustment plate, and the copper electrode being detachably connected to the adapter.

3. The welding apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The copper electrode has a first positioning part and a second positioning part formed thereon, and the first positioning part and the second positioning part are arranged opposite to each other in the radial direction.

4. The welding apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first positioning portion is formed as a first plane extending along the axis of the copper electrode, and the second positioning portion is formed as a second plane and a positioning hole. The second plane is arranged parallel to the first plane, and the positioning hole extends toward the first plane on the second plane.

5. The welding apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adapter has a connection hole, and the copper electrode is connected to the adapter by a fastener passing through the connection hole and the positioning hole.

6. The welding apparatus according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The adjusting plate has through holes suitable for fasteners to pass through, and the correction assembly also includes an insulating element, which is disposed at least between the fastener and the adjusting plate.

7. The welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Also includes: The bracket has a fixed part and a movable part, the first electrode and the positioning block are both disposed in the fixed part, and the welding gun is disposed in the movable part.

8. A welding system, characterized in that, include: The clamping device and the welding apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the clamping device is adapted to clamp the correction component of the welding apparatus.

9. A welding method, characterized in that, The welding method, employing the welding apparatus of any one of claims 1-7 or the welding system of claim 8, comprises: Step S1: Move the welding torch into the positioning block to perform initial positioning of the welding torch; Step S2: Move the welding torch away from the positioning block and move the first electrode closer to the lower surface of the copper electrode; Step S3: Turn on the welding torch power and perform welding pre-pressure action. The first electrode and the second electrode are automatically aligned to a vertical state. Step S4: After pre-pressurization is completed, turn on the welding power supply and maintain the welding pressure to perform resistance spot welding until the welding is completed.

10. The welding method according to claim 9, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: Step S3.1: Move the first electrode and the second electrode to make point contact or line contact between the first electrode and the copper electrode, and point contact or line contact between the second electrode and the workpiece to be welded. Step S3.2: The first electrode and the second electrode are pressed together, so that the first electrode and the copper electrode switch to surface contact, and the second electrode and the workpiece to be welded switch to surface contact.

11. The welding method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The clamping time of the pre-compression action is greater than 100ms.

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