A sponge rain garden for residential communities

Abstract

This invention relates to a sponge rain garden for residential communities, comprising an inlet area, a support device, a water distribution device, a first planting layer, an overflow pool, and an overflow well. The inlet area is recessed into the ground and surrounds the support device, which is recessed downwards and located below the ground. The first planting layer is located within the support device. The overflow pool and overflow well are both fixed on the first planting layer, but the fixed position of the overflow pool does not coincide with the fixed position of the overflow well. The water distribution device is located between the bottom of the overflow pool and the support device. The sponge rain garden for residential communities designed using this invention solves the problems of traditional sponge rain gardens that use the same treatment mode for different rainfall amounts. The treatment mode involves water entering from top to bottom, resulting in a short residence time of rainwater inside the sponge structure, low utilization rate, and short contact time with the filter material, making it difficult to cope with varying rainfall amounts and resulting in poor rainwater treatment performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sponge city technology, specifically to a sponge rain garden for residential communities. Background Technology

[0002] Sponge city rain gardens can absorb, store, infiltrate, and purify rainwater when it rains, and release and utilize the stored water when needed. The use of sponge city rain gardens can promote the utilization of rainwater resources and the protection of the ecological environment.

[0003] In existing technologies, traditional sponge rain gardens use the same treatment mode for different amounts of rainwater, which involves water entering from top to bottom. The rainwater stays inside the sponge structure for a short time, has a low utilization rate, and does not have a long contact time with the filter material. This makes it difficult to cope with rainy weather with varying amounts of rain, resulting in poor rainwater treatment.

[0004] Therefore, existing technologies have shortcomings and need to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a sponge rain garden for residential communities, which addresses the problem that traditional sponge rain gardens in the prior art use the same treatment mode for different amounts of rainwater. The treatment mode involves water entering from top to bottom, resulting in a short residence time of rainwater inside the sponge structure, low utilization rate, and short contact time with the filter material. This makes it difficult to cope with rainy weather with varying amounts of rainwater, leading to poor rainwater treatment effects.

[0006] This invention provides a sponge rain garden for residential communities, comprising a water inlet area, a support device, a water distribution device, a first planting layer, an overflow pool, and an overflow well. The water inlet area is recessed into the ground and surrounds the support device, which is recessed downwards and located below the ground. The first planting layer is located within the support device. The overflow pool and the overflow well are both fixed on the first planting layer, but the fixed position of the overflow pool does not coincide with the fixed position of the overflow well. The water distribution device is located between the bottom of the overflow pool and the support device. The water inlet area, from top to bottom, includes a second planting layer and a gravel layer, with the highest point of the second planting layer flush with the highest point of the support device. The support device includes a base and a enclosure. The base is fixed to the bottom of the support device, and the bottom surface of the base is... The base is not horizontal; the closer the bottom surface of the base is to the center, the smaller the distance between the bottom surface of the base and the ground. The enclosure is fixed to the outer periphery of the supporting device, and the interior of the enclosure is hollow to connect the gravel layer and the base. The water distribution device includes at least one first pipe, which connects the base and the overflow pool. The area between the overflow pool and the bottom of the supporting device is defined as a filtration zone, which is filled with filter media. At least one second pipe is threaded onto the first pipe, which connects the first pipe and the filtration zone. At least one first hole is provided on the second pipe, and the diameter of the first hole is smaller than the size of the filter media. A water guide hole is provided at the bottom of the overflow well, which connects the overflow well and the municipal pipeline.

[0007] Furthermore, a water collection panel is fixed to the top of the filtration zone, and a cable is connected to the bottom of the water collection panel and the inner circumference of the support device. At least one second hole is opened on the bottom surface of the water collection panel, the diameter of the second hole is smaller than the size of the filter media, and a third hole is opened in the center of the water collection panel. The third hole is connected to a third pipe, and the end of the third pipe that is not connected to the third hole is connected to a water storage module.

[0008] Furthermore, a first baffle is fixed to the top of the base, and the baffle is not perpendicularly connected to the top of the base.

[0009] Furthermore, a second baffle is fixed inside the enclosure. The second baffle is parallel to the ground, and its height is between the highest and lowest points of the enclosure connecting to the base.

[0010] Furthermore, a fourth hole is provided at the bottom of the outer peripheral surface of the base, the fourth hole is connected to a fourth pipe, and the end of the fourth pipe that is not connected to the fourth hole is connected to a suction pump located above the ground.

[0011] Furthermore, a fifth pipe is fixed within the water inlet area. One end of the fifth pipe is located within the concave cavity of the water inlet area and is lower than the top of the water inlet area. The other end of the fifth pipe is located within the enclosure.

[0012] Furthermore, a first sensor and a second sensor are fixed inside the base. The height of the first sensor is located at the center point where the enclosure connects to the base, and the height of the second sensor is between the first baffle and the first sensor. When the mud level in the base exceeds the first sensor, the first sensor will issue a command to start the suction pump; when the water level in the base is lower than the second sensor, the second sensor will issue a command to inject water through the fifth pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressure diaphragm is installed on the fourth hole, and the diameter of the pressure diaphragm is the same as the diameter of the fourth hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the overflow pool is filled with zeolite, and the zeolite has a particle size of 5cm to 8cm.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the overflow well is lower than the top of the inlet area but higher than the top of the overflow pool.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this invention provides a sponge rain garden for residential communities. By designing a enclosure, base, and water distribution device, rainwater is treated by entering from the bottom up, increasing the residence time of rainwater inside the sponge rain garden, thereby increasing the contact time between rainwater and the filter media and enhancing the treatment effect. Through the design of the water distribution device, a first pipe connects the base and the overflow pool, and a second pipe connects the first pipe and the filtration area. This not only increases the rainwater storage space, allowing rainwater to enter the water collection panel from the bottom up, but also makes full use of the filter media, improving the utilization efficiency of the sponge rain garden's filter media and the space utilization rate. By designing the water inlet area, water distribution device, overflow pool, and overflow well, it can respond to different water levels, thereby effectively controlling the distribution of water volume and flow, enabling the sponge rain garden to drain water quickly under different rainy weather conditions, effectively ensuring the stability of the surrounding environment.

[0018] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below can be considered part of the inventive subject matter of this disclosure, provided that such concepts do not contradict each other.

[0019] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the teachings of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the invention, such as features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will become apparent from the following description or may be learned through practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a top view of a sponge rain garden in a residential community, as described in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a sponge rain garden in a residential community according to an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0024] Water inlet area 1; second planting layer 101; gravel layer 103; support device 2; enclosure 201; base 202; water distribution device 3; first pipe 301; second pipe 302; first planting layer 4; overflow pool 5; overflow well 6; water collection panel 7; third pipe 8; first baffle 9; second baffle 10; fourth pipe 11; pressure diaphragm 12; fifth pipe 13; first sensor 14; second sensor 15. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein should have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art.

[0026] In the description and claims of this invention patent application, the terms "first", "second" and similar words do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, singular words such as "a", "an" or "the" do not denote a quantity limitation, but mean that there is at least one. Words such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or objects appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components listed after "comprising" or "including", and do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or their sets. Words such as "up", "down", "left", "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0027] In the prior art, traditional sponge rain gardens adopt the same treatment mode for different rainwater volumes. The treatment mode is to let water enter from top to bottom. The residence time of rainwater inside the sponge structure is short, the utilization rate is low, the contact time with the filter material is not long, it is difficult to cope with rainwater weather with different rainwater volumes, and the treatment effect on rainwater is poor.

[0028] In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a sponge rain garden for a building community. Referring to Figures 1-2 , it includes a water inlet area 1, a supporting device 2, a water distribution device 3, a first planting layer 4, an overflow pool 5 and an overflow well 6. The water inlet area 1 is recessed from the ground and surrounds the supporting device 2. The supporting device 2 is recessed downward and is located below the ground. The first planting layer 4 is located inside the supporting device 2. Both the overflow pool 5 and the overflow well 6 are fixed above the first planting layer 4. The fixed position of the overflow pool 5 does not coincide with the fixed position of the overflow well 6. The water distribution device 3 is located between the bottom of the overflow pool 5 and the supporting device 2. The highest point of the overflow pool 5 is lower than the highest point of the water inlet area 1.

[0029] The water inlet area 1 sequentially includes a second planting layer 101 and a gravel layer 103 from top to bottom. The highest point of the second planting layer 101 is flush with the highest point of the supporting device 2.

[0030] The water inlet area 1 surrounds the supporting device 2 in a "hui" (Chinese character for "return") shape. The width of the water inlet area 1 is 0.2 m to 0.3 m. The cross-section of the water inlet area 1 is arc-shaped.花草 are planted in the second planting area, and gravel is set in the gravel area. The thickness of the gravel area is 0.05 m to 0.1 m.

[0031] The supporting device 2 includes a base 202 and a barrier 201. The base 202 is fixed to the bottom of the supporting device 2. The bottom surface of the base 202 is not horizontal and has a structure that is higher in the middle and lower on both sides. The closer the bottom surface of the base 202 is to the center, the smaller the distance between the bottom surface of the base 202 and the ground. The barrier 201 is fixed to the outer perimeter of the supporting device 2, and the slope ratio of the barrier 201 is less than 2:1. The interior of the barrier 201 is hollow to connect the crushed stone layer 103 and the base 202. The thickness of the base 202 is three times that of the barrier 201.

[0032] The water distribution device 3 includes at least one first pipe 301, which connects the base 202 and the overflow pool 5. One end of the first pipe 301 is placed at the bottom of the overflow pool 5 to make full use of the space. The area between the bottom of the overflow pool 5 and the support device 2 is defined as the filtration zone, which is filled with filter media. At least one second pipe 302 is threaded onto the first pipe 301. The second pipe 302 connects the first pipe 301 and the filtration zone. At least one first hole is opened on the second pipe 302, and the diameter of the first hole is smaller than the size of the filter media.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 From a cross-sectional view, there appear to be three first pipes 301, but in reality, there are more than three; the remaining first pipes 301 overlap with those observed in the cross-section. Second pipes 302 are evenly spaced along the first pipes 301. Except for the second pipes 302 on the middle first pipe 301, which are of uniform length, the remaining second pipes 302 vary in length according to the enclosure 201, ensuring that water is evenly distributed within the filtration zone after exiting the second pipes 302. Both the first pipes 301 and the second pipes 302 are made of polyethylene. The length of the second pipes 302 within the filtration zone can vary, and their ends are closed, allowing rainwater to be distributed only through the first holes in the second pipes 302 at different locations within the filtration zone. The densely packed first holes on the second pipes 302 achieve uniform rainwater distribution. In some embodiments, the water distribution device 3 is formed by connecting multiple "cross-shaped" four-way pipes with threaded connections. It can be prefabricated and assembled. In practical applications, if the lateral length of the four-way pipe is insufficient, the length can be extended by threaded connection or hot-melt connection.

[0034] The filter media in the filtration zone should meet the relevant requirements of the local sponge city management office, and should primarily utilize locally improved soil, consisting of sand, sandy loam, aluminum sludge filler, and humus. If the local soil is clayey, its extremely low permeability coefficient will not meet the infiltration rate requirements; therefore, replacement is necessary during construction. Direct backfilling with a mixture of clayey soil and sand is prohibited to prevent layering, clogging, and compaction of the filler. During mixing, the entire filter media should be kept dry to prevent uneven mixing due to material sticking. The sand in the filter media should be sieved to meet particle size requirements and washed and thoroughly dried before mixing. Ready-made humus can be purchased, but it must be protected from materials containing animal feces or other substances that could cause secondary pollution. Sandy loam should meet weight ratio requirements, be free of weed seeds, and be thoroughly dried. Filter media should be mixed in a factory or material yard with dust-proof, dry, and mixing conditions. Mixing on the construction site is prohibited. During mixing, sand, humus, and sandy loam should be added to the mixer in the following volume ratios, and mixed thoroughly for at least 30 minutes. During construction, an on-site permeability test should be conducted based on multiple watertight compaction tests according to design requirements to ensure that the permeability coefficient of the filter layer meets the requirements of each city.

[0035] The bottom of the overflow well 6 is provided with a water guide hole, which connects the overflow well 6 and the municipal pipeline.

[0036] In some embodiments, a water collection panel 7 is fixed to the top of the filtration zone, and a cable is connected to the bottom of the water collection panel 7 and the inner circumferential surface of the support device 2. At least one second hole is opened on the bottom surface of the water collection panel 7, the diameter of the second hole is smaller than the size of the filter media, a third hole is opened in the center of the water collection panel 7, a third pipe 8 is connected to the third hole, and a water storage module is connected to the end of the third pipe 8 that is not connected to the third hole.

[0037] A water collection panel 7 is installed in the filtration area near the bottom of the first planting layer 4. The bottom of the water collection panel 7 is densely covered with second holes. In order to prevent the water collection panel 7 from being lifted by the water flow, causing the filter media to be washed out, a cable is used to fix it to the inner circumference of the support device 2 at certain intervals around it.

[0038] A third pipe 8 is installed in the middle of the water collection panel 7. The third pipe 8 passes through the base 202 and connects the water collection panel 7 and the water storage module preset under the base 202. The water storage module is an existing device used to store filtered and purified rainwater.

[0039] In some embodiments, a first baffle 9 is fixed to the top of the base 202, and the first baffle 9 is not perpendicularly connected to the top of the base 202.

[0040] To improve the settling efficiency of fine particles in rainwater, a first baffle 9 is installed at the upper part of the base 202. When the first baffle 9 is tilted, it facilitates the settling of fine particles.

[0041] In some embodiments, a second baffle 10 is fixed inside the enclosure 201. The second baffle 10 is parallel to the ground, and the height of the second baffle 10 is between the highest point and the lowest point of the enclosure 201 connecting to the base 202.

[0042] To reduce the disturbance of rainwater to the sediment deposited on the base 202, a second baffle 10 is installed inside the enclosure 201 and near the base 202 for buffering and to weaken the kinetic energy of the rainwater.

[0043] In some embodiments, a fourth hole is provided at the bottom of the outer peripheral surface of the base 202, and a fourth pipe 11 is connected to the fourth hole. The end of the fourth pipe 11 that is not connected to the fourth hole is connected to a suction pump located above the ground.

[0044] A fourth pipe 11 is installed on the outer circumferential surface of the two symmetrical sides of the base 202 as a suction pipe. The fourth pipe 11 is a 90° bent pipe. One end of the fourth pipe 11 is connected to the lowest point of the base 202, and the other end of the fourth pipe 11 extends out of the soil to a certain height.

[0045] In some embodiments, a fifth pipe 13 is fixed in the water inlet area 1. One end of the fifth pipe 13 is located in the concave cavity of the water inlet area 1 and is lower than the top of the water inlet area 1. The other end of the fifth pipe 13 is located in the enclosure 201.

[0046] The fifth pipe 13 runs through the water inlet area 1. One end of the fifth pipe 13 enters the enclosure 201, and the other end of the fifth pipe 13 is suspended in the arc-shaped space of the water inlet area 1. The height of the fifth pipe 13 at one end of the water inlet area 1 is slightly lower than the height of the side wall of the water inlet area 1.

[0047] In some embodiments, a first sensor 14 and a second sensor 15 are also fixed inside the base 202. The height of the first sensor 14 is located at the center point where the enclosure 201 connects to the base 202, and the height of the second sensor 15 is between the first baffle 9 and the first sensor 14. When the mud level inside the base 202 exceeds the first sensor 14, the first sensor 14 will issue a command to start the suction pump. When the water level inside the base 202 is lower than the second sensor 15, the second sensor 15 will issue a command to inject water through the fifth pipe 13.

[0048] In some embodiments, a pressure diaphragm 12 is installed on the fourth hole, and the diameter of the pressure diaphragm 12 is the same as the diameter of the fourth hole.

[0049] A pressure diaphragm 12 is installed at the connection between the fourth pipe 11 and the base 202. During normal operation, the pressure diaphragm 12 will not open. When the fourth pipe 11 is connected to a suction pump, the suction will open the pressure diaphragm 12 and suck out the sediment deposited in the base 202. If there is too much water inside the sponge rain garden, it can also be sucked out by the suction pump. If there is too little water inside the sponge rain garden, water can be directly injected into the fifth pipe 13 to control the water level inside the sponge rain garden at a water seal depth suitable for the survival of anaerobic bacteria, thereby improving the treatment effect during subsequent rainfall.

[0050] In some embodiments, the overflow tank 5 is filled with zeolite with a particle size of 5cm to 8cm.

[0051] In some embodiments, the top of the overflow well 6 is lower than the top of the inlet area 1 and higher than the top of the overflow pool 5.

[0052] In the initial stage of rainfall, rainwater first enters the inlet area 1, seeps into the enclosure 201, and then enters the internal space of the base 202, causing the water level to rise. The rainwater passes through the distribution device 3, where the volume is relatively small. Part of the rainwater enters the filtration area through the lowest second pipe 302, is filtered, and then enters the water collection panel 7. Finally, it is discharged through the fourth pipe 11 into the water storage module. When the rainfall is heavy, the water outlet from the second pipe 302 is obstructed by the filter media, and the permeability coefficient of the inlet area 1 is greater than that of the filter media. This prevents all the rainwater from the inlet area 1 from entering the second pipe 302 in time. Some water flows directly upwards through the first pipe 301 into the overflow pool 5 for temporary storage for a certain period. As the rainfall decreases, the water in the overflow pool 5 flows back down through the first pipe 301 until all the rainwater has passed through the second pipe 302 and the filter media before entering the water collection panel 7 and finally being discharged through the third pipe 8 into the water storage module. If the rainfall gradually increases, the water level inside the arc-shaped space of the inlet area 1 will gradually rise, and the rainwater can directly enter the interior space of the enclosure 201 through the fifth pipe 13. If the rainfall continues to increase, the rainwater will directly overflow the inlet area 1, enter the space above the first planting layer 4 and remain there. When the rainfall decreases, it will gradually infiltrate into the interior of the sponge rain garden. If the rainfall continues to increase, the excess rainwater will be discharged through the overflow well 6 and enter the external municipal pipe network.

[0053] In summary, the sponge rain garden for residential communities provided by this invention, through the design of the enclosure 201, base 202, and water distribution device 3, achieves bottom-up water intake for rainwater treatment, increasing the residence time of rainwater inside the sponge rain garden, thereby increasing the contact time between rainwater and filter media and enhancing the treatment effect. By designing the water distribution device 3, the first pipe 301 connects the base 202 and the overflow pool 5, and the second pipe 302 connects the first pipe 301 and the filtration area. This not only increases the rainwater storage space, allowing rainwater to enter the water collection panel 7 from bottom to top, but also fully utilizes the filter media, improving the efficiency of the sponge rain garden's filter media and space utilization. Through the design of the water inlet area 1, the fifth pipe 13, the water distribution device 3, the overflow pool 5, and the overflow well 6, it can respond to different water levels, effectively controlling the distribution of water volume and flow, enabling the sponge rain garden to drain water quickly under different rainy weather conditions, effectively ensuring the stability of the surrounding environment. The first sensor 14 and the second sensor 15 can quickly discharge mud, inject water, and pump water, controlling the water volume inside the sponge rain garden to a water seal depth suitable for the survival of anaerobic bacteria, thereby improving the treatment effect during subsequent rainfall.

[0054] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention.

Claims

1. A sponge rain garden for a residential community, comprising a water inlet area, a supporting device, a water distribution device, a first planting layer, an overflow pool, and an overflow well, wherein the water inlet area is recessed into the ground and surrounds the supporting device, the supporting device is recessed downward and located below the ground, the first planting layer is located within the supporting device, the overflow pool and the overflow well are both fixed on the first planting layer, the fixed position of the overflow pool does not coincide with the fixed position of the overflow well, and the water distribution device is located between the bottom of the overflow pool and the supporting device, characterized in that... The water inlet area includes a second planting layer and a gravel layer from top to bottom, with the highest point of the second planting layer being flush with the highest point of the support device. The supporting device includes a base and a barrier. The base is fixed to the bottom of the supporting device. The bottom surface of the base is not horizontal. The closer the bottom surface of the base is to the center, the smaller the distance between the bottom surface of the base and the ground. The barrier is fixed to the outer periphery of the supporting device. The interior of the barrier is hollow to connect the gravel layer and the base. The water distribution device includes at least one first pipe, which connects the base and the overflow tank; the area between the overflow tank and the bottom of the support device is defined as a filtration zone, which is filled with filter media; at least one second pipe is threaded onto the first pipe, which connects the first pipe and the filtration zone; at least one first hole is provided on the second pipe, and the diameter of the first hole is smaller than the size of the filter media. A water collection panel is fixed to the top of the filtration zone. A cable is connected to the bottom of the water collection panel and the inner circumference of the support device. At least one second hole is opened on the bottom surface of the water collection panel. The diameter of the second hole is smaller than the size of the filter media. A third hole is opened in the center of the water collection panel. A third pipe is connected to the third hole. A water storage module is connected to the end of the third pipe that is not connected to the third hole. The bottom of the overflow well is provided with a water guide hole, which connects the overflow well and the municipal pipeline; The top of the overflow well is lower than the top of the inlet area but higher than the top of the overflow pool.

2. The sponge rain garden for residential communities according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first baffle is fixed to the top of the base, and the baffle is not perpendicularly connected to the top of the base.

3. A sponge rain garden for residential communities according to claim 2, characterized in that, A second baffle is fixed inside the enclosure. The second baffle is parallel to the ground and its height is between the highest and lowest points of the enclosure connecting to the base.

4. A sponge rain garden for residential communities according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the outer circumference of the base is provided with a fourth hole, which is connected to a fourth pipe. The end of the fourth pipe that is not connected to the fourth hole is connected to a suction pump located above the ground.

5. A sponge rain garden for residential communities according to claim 4, characterized in that, A fifth pipe is fixed within the water inlet area. One end of the fifth pipe is located within the concave cavity of the water inlet area and is lower than the top of the water inlet area. The other end of the fifth pipe is located within the enclosure.

6. A sponge rain garden for residential communities according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base also has a first sensor and a second sensor fixed inside. The height of the first sensor is located at the center point where the enclosure connects to the base. The height of the second sensor is between the first baffle and the first sensor. When the mud level in the base exceeds the first sensor, the first sensor will issue a command to start the suction pump. When the water level in the base is lower than the second sensor, the second sensor will issue a command to inject water through the fifth pipe.

7. A sponge rain garden for residential communities according to claim 6, characterized in that, A pressure diaphragm is installed on the fourth hole, and the diameter of the pressure diaphragm is the same as the diameter of the fourth hole.

8. A sponge rain garden for residential communities according to claim 7, characterized in that, The overflow pool is filled with zeolite, and the particle size of the zeolite is 5cm to 8cm.

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