Method and device for grading and washing water and electricity sand and gravel aggregates

Abstract

The application provides a water and electricity sandstone aggregate grading and washing method and device, and relates to the field of water and electricity sandstone aggregate processing. The grading and washing device comprises a multistage screening machine, the multistage screening machine comprises a rack and a plurality of screen meshes arranged in the vertical direction and spaced on the rack; a spraying system comprising a plurality of spraying pipes, a plurality of spraying heads, solenoid valves and water supply pipes, the spraying pipes are fixed on the rack and arranged above the corresponding screen meshes, and each spraying pipe above the screen mesh is provided with a plurality of spraying heads; a control system for controlling the water pressure and water volume of the spraying heads according to the washing condition of the aggregate, the control system comprises a host computer electrically connected with the solenoid valves and a monitoring mechanism for monitoring the particle size of the aggregate at the discharge port of the multistage screening machine, and the host computer can control the water pressure and water volume of the spraying heads on the corresponding spraying pipe through the solenoid valves according to the monitoring condition of the monitoring mechanism. The application has the effects of improving the washing efficiency of the sandstone aggregate and saving water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydropower aggregate processing, and in particular to a method and apparatus for grading and washing hydropower aggregate. Background Technology

[0002] Large-scale water conservancy and hydropower projects require a large amount of sand and gravel aggregates. Due to the high demand for sand and gravel, and the fact that many project sites are located in remote areas with difficult transportation, the acquisition of sand and gravel aggregates often follows the principle of local sourcing. This involves exploring and excavating crushed rock masses near the construction site to produce aggregates. To meet different gradation requirements, the sand and gravel need to be screened. Freshly crushed sand and gravel are covered with a large amount of stone powder and clay, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of sand and gravel produced using ordinary dry methods. Currently, most projects adopt wet methods for producing sand and gravel aggregates, which requires thorough washing on the screening machine to ensure that the aggregates meet the construction requirements.

[0003] Currently, the sand and gravel washing process is simple and crude. Multiple screens are vertically erected below the washing system, and then aggregates of different particle sizes are laid on the corresponding screens. The washing system is started, and high-pressure water is flushed towards the screens. The high-pressure water can quickly wash away the stone powder and clay on the aggregates, so that the aggregates meet the construction requirements.

[0004] During spray washing of aggregates, only the aggregates on the top screen can directly contact the high-speed water flow for efficient washing. The aggregates on the lower screens are primarily washed by the water flowing down from the upper screen. When the water pressure is too low, the water flowing down from the upper screen can carry stone powder and clay that adhere to the aggregates on the lower screens, causing the aggregate particle size on the lower screens to not meet construction requirements. Therefore, to ensure the washing quality of each stage of sand and gravel aggregate, a large amount of high-pressure water is required for prolonged washing, leading to high water consumption and low washing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the issues of high water consumption and low washing efficiency in washing sand and gravel aggregates, this application provides a method and apparatus for graded washing of hydroelectric sand and gravel aggregates.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides a hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device, which adopts the following technical solution: A hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device, comprising: A multi-stage screening machine is used for vibrating screening of aggregates. The multi-stage screening machine includes a frame and multiple screens that are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the frame. A spraying system, installed on a multi-stage screening machine, is used to spray and wash aggregates. The spraying system includes multiple spray pipes, multiple spray heads installed at intervals on the spray pipes, solenoid valves installed on the spray pipes, and water supply pipes connecting a water source to the multiple spray pipes. The spray pipes are fixedly mounted above corresponding screens via a frame, and multiple spray pipes are installed above each screen. The control system is used to adjust the water pressure and flow rate of the spray heads according to the washing status of the aggregate. The control system includes a host computer connected to the solenoid valve and a monitoring mechanism for monitoring the aggregate particle size at the discharge port of the multi-stage screening machine. The host computer can control the water pressure and flow rate of the spray heads on the corresponding spray pipes through the solenoid valve according to the monitoring status of the monitoring mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the mesh size of the plurality of screens decreases sequentially from top to bottom.

[0008] Furthermore, the length direction of the spray pipe is consistent with the width direction of the screen, multiple spray pipes are spaced apart along the length direction of the screen, and multiple spray heads are spaced apart along the length direction of the spray pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the screen is inclined toward the discharge port of the multi-stage screening machine, and multiple conveyor lines for receiving aggregates on the screen are mounted on the outside of the multi-stage screening machine. Each of the multiple conveyor lines corresponds to a single screen. Multiple monitoring mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to a single conveyor line, and the monitoring mechanisms are located on the conveyor lines.

[0010] Furthermore, the spray head is configured as a spiral nozzle.

[0011] Furthermore, the spiral nozzle is a hollow cone-shaped spray nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, the spray angle of the hollow cone-shaped spray nozzle is 90° to 135°.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a method for grading and washing hydroelectric aggregates, based on the aforementioned hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device, comprising the following steps. The sand and gravel aggregate is spread on the top screen, and the screening machine is started to vibrate and screen the sand and gravel aggregate, so that sand and gravel aggregate of different particle size ranges are screened and spread on the corresponding screen in sequence. High-pressure water flushing activates the spray heads above each screen, spraying high-pressure water towards the screen. The high-pressure water washes away the stone powder and clay on the sand and gravel aggregates. As the screening machine continues to vibrate and screen, the stone powder and clay are accelerated to fall off the sand and gravel aggregates. At the same time, some sand and gravel aggregates become smaller in size. When the smaller sand and gravel aggregates are smaller than the mesh size of the current screen, they will fall onto the next screen. Sand and gravel aggregate particle size monitoring: After being washed off the screen, the sand and gravel aggregate falls onto the conveyor line and is then dispersed and laid on the conveyor line. The particle size of the sand and gravel aggregate scattered on the conveyor line is monitored by a monitoring agency. By adjusting the water pressure and flow rate, the high-pressure water washes away the stone powder and clay from the aggregate on the upper screen and flows down to the aggregate on the lower screen. When the water pressure of the spray head corresponding to the lower screen is low, the stone powder and clay are difficult to detach from the aggregate, causing the particle size of the aggregate on that screen to increase. If the monitoring agency detects that the particle size of the aggregate on the conveyor line is greater than the currently set range, it will drive the host computer to control the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head on the corresponding spray pipe through the solenoid valve, accelerating the detachment of stone powder and clay from the aggregate on the current screen.

[0014] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Multiple spray pipes and spray heads are installed above the multi-stage screens to ensure that the sand and gravel aggregates on each stage of the screen can be washed efficiently by high-pressure water, thus ensuring the washing effect on sand and gravel aggregates of different particle sizes. 2. Add a control system. The control system can adjust the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head in real time according to the particle size of the sand and gravel aggregate after washing. This allows the spray system to accelerate the washing of stone powder and clay on the sand and gravel aggregate in a short time, thereby improving the washing efficiency of the sand and gravel aggregate and saving water resources to a certain extent. 3. The spray head is set as a hollow cone spray nozzle. The spray pattern emitted by the hollow cone spray nozzle is a non-uniform layered interface. At the same time, each interface can form a cone-shaped spray surface, which improves the spray washing effect of the spray head on sand and gravel aggregate. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screen, spray pipe, water supply pipe, monitoring mechanism and conveyor line in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screen, spray pipe, solenoid valve and water supply pipe in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spray pipe and spray head in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Attached reference numerals: 1. Frame; 2. Screen; 3. Spray pipe; 4. Spray head; 5. Solenoid valve; 6. Water supply pipe; 61. Main water pipe; 62. Branch water pipe; 7. Monitoring mechanism; 8. Conveyor line; 9. Water source. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0022] This application discloses a method and apparatus for grading and washing hydroelectric sand and gravel aggregates. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 A hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device includes a multi-stage screening machine for vibrating screening of aggregates, a spray system installed on the multi-stage screening machine, and a control system for adjusting the outlet water pressure and water volume of the spray system according to the washing condition of the aggregates. The multi-stage screening machine includes a frame 1 and multiple screens 2 arranged vertically at intervals on the frame 1. The mesh size of the multiple screens 2 decreases from top to bottom. A discharge port corresponding to each of the multiple screens 2 is opened on one side wall of the frame 1, and the screens 2 are inclined towards the discharge port of the multi-stage screening machine.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The sprinkler system includes multiple sprinkler pipes 3, multiple sprinkler heads 4 installed at intervals on the sprinkler pipes 3, solenoid valves 5 installed on the sprinkler pipes 3, and water supply pipes 6 for connecting water source 9 to the multiple sprinkler pipes 3. The water supply pipes 6 include a main water pipe 61 and multiple branch water pipes 62. The multiple branch water pipes 62 correspond one-to-one with multiple screens 2 and are fixedly mounted above the corresponding screens 2 by a frame 1. The length direction of the branch water pipes 62 is consistent with the length direction of the screens 2. The main water pipe 61 and the multiple branch water pipes 62 are all connected. One end of the main water pipe 61 extends outside the frame 1 and is connected to the external water source 9. Water from the water source 9 can be diverted to the multiple branch water pipes 62 through the main water pipe 61. Each water distribution pipe 62 is connected to multiple spray pipes 3, and each spray pipe 3 is equipped with a solenoid valve 5. The solenoid valve 5 is located at the end of the spray pipe 3 closest to the water distribution pipe 62. The multiple spray pipes 3 are spaced apart along the length of the water distribution pipe 62, and the length of the spray pipes 3 is consistent with the width direction of the screen 2. Multiple spray heads 4 are distributed spaced apart along the length of the spray pipes 3. The control system includes a host computer electrically connected to the solenoid valves 5 and a monitoring mechanism 7 for monitoring the aggregate particle size at the discharge port of the multi-stage screening machine. The host computer can control the water pressure and flow rate of the spray heads 4 on the corresponding spray pipes 3 through the solenoid valves 5 based on the monitoring data of the monitoring mechanism 7.

[0024] When grading and washing sand and gravel aggregates, the crushed sand and gravel aggregates can be spread on the uppermost screen 2, and the screening machine can be started to vibrate and screen the sand and gravel aggregates, so that sand and gravel aggregates of different particle size ranges are screened and spread onto the corresponding screen 2 in sequence. At the same time, the spray system is started, so that multiple spray heads 4 on each screen 2 spray the sand and gravel aggregates on the screen 2 with high pressure water, which accelerates the removal of stone powder and clay from the sand and gravel aggregates. When the removal of stone powder and clay from the sand and gravel aggregates causes the particle size of the sand and gravel aggregates to be smaller than the mesh size of the current screen 2, the sand and gravel aggregates will fall onto the next level screen 2, thus effectively completing the screening of sand and gravel aggregates. If the stone powder and clay on the surface of the aggregate on the upper screen flow with the water to the aggregate on the lower screen and adhere to it, making the particle size of the aggregate larger than the screening range of the current screen 2, the monitoring agency 7 will detect the large-sized aggregate and then control the solenoid valve 5 through the host computer to regulate the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head 4. This will enable the spray system to accelerate the washing of stone powder and clay on the aggregate in a short time, thereby improving the washing efficiency of the aggregate and saving water resources to a certain extent.

[0025] To facilitate stable particle size monitoring of sand and gravel aggregates by monitoring agency 7, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2Multiple conveyor lines 8 are mounted on the outside of the multi-stage screening machine to receive the aggregate on the screens 2. Each conveyor line 8 corresponds one-to-one with a screen 2. The conveyor lines 8 can receive and horizontally transport the sand and gravel aggregate from the screens 2, ensuring that the washed and screened aggregate is evenly spread on the conveyor lines 8. Multiple monitoring mechanisms 7 are provided, each corresponding one-to-one with a conveyor line 8, and are mounted on a frame above the conveyor lines 8 and near the discharge port of the screening machine. In this embodiment, the monitoring mechanism 7 is specifically configured as a high-definition camera image recognition system, capable of identifying and capturing particle images of the sand and gravel aggregate on the conveyor lines 8. Simultaneously, the host computer software rapidly identifies and processes the particles, acquiring images of each particle and the particle size distribution data of the aggregate. By comparing the particle size distribution data with the current screening range of the screen 2, it is determined whether the sand and gravel aggregate on the current screen 2 has been thoroughly washed. This allows the host computer to control the solenoid valve 5 to adjust the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head 4 accordingly.

[0026] To further improve the washing efficiency of sand and gravel aggregates, refer to Figure 4 The spray head 4 is configured as a spiral nozzle, and existing spiral nozzles include solid cone spray nozzles and hollow cone spray nozzles. Research and experiments have shown that the spray pattern emitted by a solid cone spray nozzle is a full cone pattern, while the spray pattern emitted by a hollow cone spray nozzle is a non-uniform layered interface, with each interface forming a cone-shaped spray surface. Therefore, in this embodiment, the spiral nozzle is configured as a hollow cone spray nozzle with a spray angle of 90°–135°. In this embodiment, the spray angle of the hollow cone spray nozzle is set to 120°. A 120° hollow cone spray nozzle has 3 to 4 spray layered interfaces, forming 3 to 4 independent cone-shaped spray surfaces when spraying high-pressure water. Its spray washing effect on sand and gravel aggregates is several times that of ordinary solid cone spray nozzles, and it can accelerate the scouring of stone powder and clay on sand and gravel aggregates in a short time, thereby improving the washing efficiency of sand and gravel aggregates and achieving a certain degree of water conservation.

[0027] This application also provides a method for grading and washing hydroelectric sand and gravel aggregates, which adopts the following technical solution: S1, sand and gravel aggregate spreading: spread the crushed sand and gravel aggregate on the uppermost screen 2, and start the screening machine to vibrate and screen the sand and gravel aggregate, so that sand and gravel aggregate of different particle size ranges are screened and spread onto the corresponding screen 2 in sequence. S2, High-pressure water flushing: Activate the spray head 4 above each screen 2, causing the spray head 4 to spray high-pressure water towards the screen 2. The high-pressure water flushes the stone powder and clay on the sand and gravel aggregate. With the continuous vibration and screening of the screening machine, the stone powder and clay are accelerated to fall off the sand and gravel aggregate. At the same time, the particle size of some sand and gravel aggregate becomes smaller. When the particle size of the sand and gravel aggregate becomes smaller than the mesh size of the current screen 2, the sand and gravel aggregate will fall onto the next level screen 2. S3, monitoring of aggregate particle size: After being washed on the screen 2, the aggregate falls onto the conveyor line 8 and is dispersed on the conveyor line 8. The monitoring mechanism 7 monitors the particle size of the aggregate scattered on the conveyor line 8. S4. Adjust the water pressure and flow rate. After the high-pressure water washes away the stone powder and clay from the aggregate on the upper screen 2, it will flow down to the aggregate on the lower screen 2. When the water pressure of the spray head corresponding to the lower screen 2 is low, the stone powder and clay will have difficulty falling off the aggregate, resulting in an increase in the particle size of the aggregate on the screen 2. If the large-sized aggregate is then conveyed to the conveyor line 8, and the monitoring mechanism 7 detects that the particle size of the aggregate on the conveyor line 8 is greater than the current screen 2's sieving range, it means that the current water pressure and flow rate cannot clean the aggregate on the screen 2. Therefore, the monitoring mechanism 7 will drive the host computer to control the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head 4 on the corresponding spray pipe 3 through the solenoid valve 5 to accelerate the removal of stone powder and clay from the aggregate on the current screen 2.

[0028] The implementation principle of the hydroelectric sand and gravel aggregate grading and washing method and device in this application embodiment is as follows: First, the crushed sand and gravel aggregate is spread on the uppermost screen 2, and the screening machine is started to vibrate and screen the sand and gravel aggregate, so that sand and gravel aggregates of different particle size ranges are screened and spread onto the corresponding screen 2 in sequence. At the same time, the spraying system is started, so that multiple spray heads 4 on each screen 2 spray the sand and gravel aggregate on the screen 2 with high-pressure water, accelerating the removal of stone powder and clay from the sand and gravel aggregate. When the removal of stone powder and clay from the sand and gravel aggregate causes the particle size of the sand and gravel aggregate to be smaller than the mesh size of the current screen 2, the sand and gravel aggregate will fall onto the next level screen 2, thereby effectively completing the screening of sand and gravel aggregate.

[0029] After the high-pressure water washes away the stone powder and clay from the aggregate on the upper screen 2, it flows downwards with the water flow to the aggregate on the lower screen 2. When the water pressure of the spray head corresponding to the lower screen 2 is low, the stone powder and clay are difficult to detach from the aggregate, causing the particle size of the aggregate on that screen 2 to increase. If this large-particle aggregate is then conveyed to the conveyor line 8, and the monitoring mechanism 7 detects that the particle size of the aggregate on the conveyor line 8 is larger than the sieving range of the current screen 2, it indicates that the current water pressure and flow rate are insufficient to clean the aggregate on the screen 2. Therefore, the monitoring mechanism 7 will drive the host computer to control the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head 4 on the corresponding spray pipe 3 through the solenoid valve 5, accelerating the detachment of stone powder and clay from the aggregate on the current screen 2, thereby improving the washing efficiency of the aggregate and saving water resources to a certain extent.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device, characterized in that, include A multi-stage screening machine is used for vibrating screening of aggregates. The multi-stage screening machine includes a frame and multiple screens that are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction on the frame. A spraying system, installed on a multi-stage screening machine, is used to spray and wash aggregates. The spraying system includes multiple spray pipes, multiple spray heads installed at intervals on the spray pipes, solenoid valves installed on the spray pipes, and water supply pipes connecting a water source to the multiple spray pipes. The spray pipes are fixedly mounted above corresponding screens via a frame, and multiple spray pipes are installed above each screen. The control system is used to adjust the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head according to the washing situation of the aggregate. The control system includes a host computer connected to the solenoid valve and a monitoring mechanism for monitoring the aggregate particle size at the discharge port of the multi-stage screening machine. The host computer can control the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head on the corresponding spray pipe through the solenoid valve according to the monitoring situation of the monitoring mechanism. The screen is inclined toward the discharge port of the multi-stage screening machine. Multiple conveyor lines for receiving aggregates on the screen are mounted on the outside of the multi-stage screening machine. Each conveyor line corresponds to one screen. Multiple monitoring mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to one conveyor line, and the monitoring mechanisms are located on the conveyor lines.

2. The hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh size of the multiple screens decreases sequentially from top to bottom.

3. The hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length direction of the spray pipe is consistent with the width direction of the screen, and multiple spray pipes are spaced apart along the length direction of the screen, and multiple spray heads are spaced apart along the length direction of the spray pipe.

4. The hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray head is configured as a spiral nozzle.

5. The hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spiral nozzle is a hollow cone-shaped spray nozzle.

6. The hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The spray angle of the hollow cone-shaped spray nozzle is 90° to 135°.

7. A method for grading and washing hydroelectric aggregates, based on a hydroelectric aggregate grading and washing device as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, The sand and gravel aggregate is spread on the top screen, and the screening machine is started to vibrate and screen the sand and gravel aggregate, so that sand and gravel aggregate of different particle size ranges are screened and spread on the corresponding screen in sequence. High-pressure water flushing activates the spray heads above each screen, spraying high-pressure water towards the screen. The high-pressure water washes away the stone powder and clay on the sand and gravel aggregates. As the screening machine continues to vibrate and screen, the stone powder and clay are accelerated to fall off the sand and gravel aggregates. At the same time, some sand and gravel aggregates become smaller in size. When the smaller sand and gravel aggregates are smaller than the mesh size of the current screen, they will fall onto the next screen. Sand and gravel aggregate particle size monitoring: After being washed off the screen, the sand and gravel aggregate falls onto the conveyor line and is then dispersed and laid on the conveyor line. The particle size of the sand and gravel aggregate scattered on the conveyor line is monitored by a monitoring agency. By adjusting the water pressure and flow rate, the high-pressure water washes away the stone powder and clay from the aggregate on the upper screen and flows down to the aggregate on the lower screen. When the water pressure of the spray head corresponding to the lower screen is low, the stone powder and clay are difficult to detach from the aggregate, causing the particle size of the aggregate on that screen to increase. If the monitoring agency detects that the particle size of the aggregate on the conveyor line is greater than the currently set range, it will drive the host computer to control the water pressure and flow rate of the spray head on the corresponding spray pipe through the solenoid valve, accelerating the detachment of stone powder and clay from the aggregate on the current screen.

Images