Air-blowing type precision high-speed seeding machine with air-blowing type precision seeding device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of air blowing type precision high-speed seeding machine with air blowing type precision seeding device, belong to seeding mechanical technical field.It is mainly connected together by seeding device transmission connecting structure and is connected by two air blowing type precision seeders;Air blowing type precision seeder includes high-pressure side shell, rotary seed disc, low-pressure side shell, high-pressure holding structure and seed spacing structure;High-pressure side shell is connected together with low-pressure side shell, forms air blowing type precision seeder shell;Seed spacing structure includes seed spacing pipe and seed suction hole obstruction;Rotary seed disc is rotatably connected with high-pressure side shell, high-pressure holding structure and seed suction hole obstruction are connected with low-pressure side shell;High-pressure holding structure includes low-pressure side shell and low-pressure side inner shell, and low-pressure side inner shell is rotatably connected with low-pressure side shell;Seeding device transmission connecting structure includes seeding device transmission shaft, driven sprocket or driven gear.It has the characteristics of high reliability, long service life, low maintenance rate, energy saving and consumption reduction etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seeding machinery technology. Background Technology

[0002] The air-blowing precision high-speed seeder uses compressed air to suck seeds into the suction holes of the rotating seed disc and transport them to the seed tube for sowing. It has the advantages of high efficiency and high sowing accuracy, and can process a large number of seeds per hour, saving labor and time costs.

[0003] The product has the following structure: the rotating seed disc of the air-blowing precision seeder is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing. The gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed disc forms an annular air pressure leakage gap. The high-pressure holding structure is used to prevent gas leakage from the annular air pressure leakage gap, so that the high-pressure air entering the high-pressure air chamber is discharged through the seed suction hole to form a working airflow. This causes the seed suction hole on the high-pressure air chamber side to generate an adsorption force on the seeds, so that the seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole are transported into the seeding tube for sowing operations through the rotation of the rotating seed disc.

[0004] The current high-pressure holding structure seals the annular air pressure leakage gap with a rubber sealing ring. The rubber sealing ring is fixed on the low-pressure side housing and is pressed tightly against the gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed disc. The tightness of the rubber sealing ring must be sufficient to prevent the leakage of high-pressure air.

[0005] The following problems exist: Since the rotating seed disc is in a rotating state during operation, it forms sliding friction with the rubber sealing ring pressed tightly on its surface. This not only consumes energy due to the rotational resistance of the rotating seed disc, but also causes the friction surface to heat up and wear due to the sliding friction between the rotating seed disc and the rubber sealing ring. In particular, the rubber sealing ring will have its service life significantly shortened due to the heat and friction, making it a vulnerable part. Since it is fixed inside the seeder housing, it is not easy to detect. When it is found that the airflow from the seed suction hole is too small to attract seeds due to air leakage from the rubber sealing ring, resulting in an increased seed sowing rate, a certain economic loss has already occurred. Moreover, replacement requires disassembling the seeder housing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0006] Rotary seed disc drive devices typically use small motors to drive the rotating seed disc. However, the sliding friction between the rotating seed disc and the rubber sealing ring increases the power consumption of the motor. Therefore, currently produced air-blowing precision high-speed seeders can only use one small motor to drive one air-blowing precision seeder, which increases manufacturing costs and energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder, which has the characteristics of high reliability, long service life, low maintenance rate, energy saving and consumption reduction.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder, the air-blowing precision seeding device mainly consists of two air-blowing precision seeders connected together through a seeding device transmission connection structure. The air-blowing precision seeder includes a high-pressure side shell, a rotating seed tray, a low-pressure side shell, a high-pressure holding structure, and a seed dispensing structure; the high-pressure side shell and the low-pressure side shell are connected together to form the air-blowing precision seeder shell. The seed metering structure includes a seed metering tube and a seed suction hole blocker; A rotating seed tray is housed within the high-pressure side housing and rotatably connected to it. The rotating seed tray has one or more rings of seed suction holes arranged in a circular pattern around its rotation axis, each hole large enough to hold a single seed. A cavity exists between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray to form a high-pressure air chamber. The gap between the high-pressure side housing and the rotating seed tray forms an annular air pressure leakage gap. A high-pressure maintaining structure prevents pressure loss through this gap. The high-pressure side housing has a seeder inlet that connects to the seed outlet of the seeding box, allowing seeds from the seeding box to enter the lower part of the high-pressure air chamber. The lower part of the high-pressure air chamber, which holds the seeds, forms the seed supply area. The portion of the high-pressure air chamber above the seed supply area forms the seed conveying area. A rotational fit gap is provided between the seed tray and the high-pressure side housing to prevent seed spillage. A high-pressure air inlet is provided on the high-pressure side housing for communication with the positive pressure generating device, so that high-pressure air enters the high-pressure air chamber. The high-pressure air in the high-pressure air chamber is discharged through the seed suction hole to form a working airflow, so that the seed suction hole on the high-pressure air chamber side generates an adsorption force on the seeds. When the rotating seed tray rotates, the seed suction hole adsorbs the seeds in the seed supply area. The adsorbed seeds are transported upward from one side of the seed conveying area through a section of arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation trajectory to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed tray. The seed inlet of the seed discharge pipe is located below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction hole that rotates to the seed release position, and leads out of the air-blowing precision seeder housing through the seed discharge pipe. The low-pressure side housing is provided with a working pressure relief airflow vent to release the air discharged from the seed suction hole. The high-pressure holding structure and the seed suction hole blocker are connected to the low-pressure side housing. The high-pressure retaining structure includes a low-pressure side shell and a low-pressure side inner shell. The low-pressure side inner shell is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side shell. The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner shell is on the same straight line as the rotation axis of the rotating seed disk. The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner shell and the low-pressure side shell is a leakage gap gas pressure accommodating cavity. The edge of the low-pressure side shell is sealed to the edge of the high-pressure side shell. The edge of the low-pressure side inner shell is sealed and pressed together with the edge of the rotating seed disk, so that the leakage gap gas pressure accommodating cavity forms a sealed structure. Thus, the gas leaked from the annular gas pressure leakage gap is contained in the leakage gap gas pressure accommodating cavity, so as to avoid the annular gas pressure leakage gap depressurization. Under the action of the friction force formed by the low-pressure side inner shell and the rotating seed disk being sealed and pressed together, the low-pressure side inner shell rotates with the rotating seed disk on the same rotation axis, so that they form a whole rotation, avoiding relative motion between them, thereby avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction. The seed suction hole blocker is pressed against the seed release position on the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole to block the air flowing out of the seed suction hole. This causes the seed suction hole, which rotates to the position of the seed suction hole blocker, to lose its ability to adsorb seeds due to the lack of airflow, thus causing the seeds to fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharge tube. One ring of seed suction holes corresponds to one set of seed-laying structures, so that one row of seeds can be sown in one ring of seed suction holes; The working pressure relief air vent is located at the center of the rotatable connection between the low-pressure side shell and the low-pressure side inner shell, thereby avoiding interference with the sealing of the leakage gap air pressure containment cavity; The transmission connection structure of the seeding device includes a seeding device transmission shaft, a driven sprocket or a driven gear, the driven sprocket or driven gear is located in the middle of the seeding device transmission shaft, the two ends of the seeding device transmission shaft are fixedly connected to the rotating seed discs of two air-blowing precision seeders, and are rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings of the two air-blowing precision seeders respectively.

[0009] The invention is further improved in that: The air-blown precision seeder is equipped with a seed feed adjustment device to adjust the seed feed rate at the seeder inlet according to the seed size. The seed feed adjustment device includes a seed feed adjustment plate, a positioning spring for the adjustment plate, and a sealing structure for the adjustment plate outlet. The high-pressure side housing has an adjustment plate pull-out slot hole, and an adjustment plate positioning groove is provided along the length of the seed feed adjustment plate. The seed feed adjustment plate is inserted or pulled out through the adjustment plate pull-out slot hole and along a linear guide rail set inside the high-pressure side housing, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional size of the seeder inlet. The fixed end of the adjustment plate positioning spring is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing. Its free end is inserted into the positioning groove of the adjusting plate to position the positioning spring of the adjusting plate; the sealing structure of the adjusting plate outlet includes a slot sealing block and a compression spring. The slot sealing block and the edge of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole in the high-pressure side housing are provided with a matching sealing surface. One end of the compression spring is fixed in the high-pressure side housing, and the other end presses the slot sealing block upward towards the direction of the seed feed adjusting plate to press the seed feed adjusting plate against the groove wall of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole, and makes the slot sealing block seal the gap between the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole and the seed feed adjusting plate, thereby reducing the air leakage of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole.

[0010] The seed suction hole blocker is an elastic roller installed in the low-pressure side housing. The elastic roller presses against the seed release position on the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotating seed disc to block the side from which air flows out of the seed suction hole.

[0011] The air-blowing precision seeder is also equipped with a seed removal wheel, which is used to remove seed residue stuck in the seed suction hole below the seed release position. The seed removal wheel includes a rotating wheel and needles spaced apart on the rotating wheel. The size and spacing of the needles are adapted to the seed suction hole. The seed removal wheel is set in the low-pressure side housing. The needles are inserted into the seed suction hole below the seed release position and form a meshing transmission with it. The seed removal wheel rotates with the rotating seed disc, so that the needles are inserted into the seed suction hole one by one, pushing out the seed residue stuck in the seed suction hole, thereby avoiding missed sowing.

[0012] The air-blowing precision seeder is equipped with a redundant seed interference mechanism to clean excess seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole. This mechanism is located on one side of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole within the high-pressure side housing, and above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guide rail, an adjustment structure, and a redundant seed guide plate. The interference structure includes an interference base, an interference spring, and one or more interference disks. The interference disks are fixed to the interference base by the interference spring, ensuring they are close to the rotating seed disk. The guide rail is positioned between the interference base and the high-pressure side housing. The adjustment structure includes a gear and rack transmission mechanism and a gear shaft. The rack in the gear and rack transmission mechanism is fixed to the interference base, and the gear in the gear and rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected to the gear shaft, which is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing. The redundant seed guide plate is positioned above the seed metering tube to prevent excess seeds scraped off by the interference disk from entering the seed inlet of the seed metering tube and guides them into the seed supply area, ensuring that the seed suction hole only adsorbs one seed, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of seeding.

[0013] The low-pressure side housing and the low-pressure side inner housing are rotatably connected by a bearing. The inner ring of the bearing is fixed to the low-pressure side housing, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing. The working pressure relief airflow discharge hole is located in the inner ring of the bearing. The elastic roller and the residue cleaning wheel are fixed to the inner ring of the bearing by a wheel bracket. The positive pressure generating device is a fan.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: This invention employs a cavity formed by the rotatable connection of the low-pressure side inner shell and the high-pressure side shell as a high-pressure holding structure. The edges of the low-pressure side shell and the high-pressure side shell are sealed together, and the edges of the low-pressure side inner shell and the rotating seed disc are sealed and pressed together to form a sealed structure. This allows the gas leaking from the annular gas pressure leakage gap to be contained by the leakage gap gas pressure accommodating cavity, thus preventing the annular gas pressure leakage gap from depressurizing. The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner shell and the rotation axis of the rotating seed disc are on the same straight line. Under the action of the frictional force formed by the sealed and pressed relationship between the low-pressure side inner shell and the rotating seed disc, the low-pressure side inner shell rotates with the rotating seed disc along the same rotation axis, thus forming a whole rotation and avoiding relative motion between them, thereby avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction.

[0015] Compared to the previous method of sealing the annular air pressure leakage gap with a rubber sealing ring as a high-pressure holding structure, this new method avoids the energy consumption caused by the heat and wear of the rubber sealing ring due to sliding friction between the rotating seed disc and the rubber sealing ring, as well as the energy consumption caused by the rotational resistance on the rotating seed disc. It also avoids the situation where the rubber sealing ring is not easily detected because it is fixed inside the seeder housing, and the economic losses are only discovered when the seeding rate increases. This makes the high-pressure holding structure a non-consumable part, improving its service life and reducing energy consumption. By avoiding energy consumption caused by friction between the rotating seed disc and the rubber sealing ring, and reducing the power consumption of the motor, this air-blowing precision seeding device allows one small motor to drive two air-blowing precision seeders, thus reducing manufacturing costs.

[0016] It features high reliability, long service life, low maintenance rate, and energy saving. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the front view of an air-blown precision high-speed seeder; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Axonometric drawing; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Axonometric drawing; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Front view of a medium-air-blown precision seeder; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view of AA; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of a section of section I; Figure 7 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the medium and high voltage side casing; Figure 8 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the medium- and high-pressure side shell and the rotating seed disc; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the seed metering structure and the seed residue cleaning wheel; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air-blowing precision seeding device; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the seed feed adjustment device and redundant seed interference mechanism of the seeder; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the trenching depth adjustment device; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer application device.

[0018] In the attached diagram: 1. Seeder frame; 2. Air-blown precision seeder; 3. Seeding box; 4. Furrow opener; 5. Fertilizer box; 6. Fertilizer pipe; 7. Fertilizer opener; 8. Depth adjustment device bracket; 9. Depth adjustment screw; 10. Depth adjustment bracket; 11. Vertical sliding guide rail; 12. Wheel set bracket; 13. Front depth limiting wheel; 14. Rear depth limiting wheel; 15. Furrow depth adjustment knob; 16. Ground wheel; 17. Fan; 18. High-pressure side housing; 19. Rotating seed tray; 19-1. Seed suction hole; 20. Low-pressure side housing; 21. Seeding pipe; 22. High-pressure air chamber; 23. Annular air pressure leakage gap; 24. Seeder inlet; 25. Rotational fit clearance; 26. High-pressure air inlet. 27. Working pressure relief airflow outlet; 28. Low-pressure side inner shell; 29. ​​Seeding device drive shaft; 30. Driven sprocket; 31. Seeder drive motor; 32. Seeding quantity adjustment plate; 32-1. Adjustment plate positioning groove; 33. Adjustment plate positioning spring; 34. Slot sealing block; 35. Compression spring; 36. Seeding guide plate; 37. Interference base; 38. Interference spring; 39. Interference disk; 40. Guide rail; 41. Interference disk displacement adjustment handle; 42. Rack; 43. Gear; 44. Elastic roller; 45. Rotary wheel; 46. Needle; 47. Leakage gap air pressure receiving cavity; 48. Outer ring rubber seal; 49. Inner ring rubber seal; 50. Bearing; 51. Wheel bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] For ease of explanation, the air-blown precision high-speed seeder will be used as an example for detailed description.

[0021] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased commercially, and irregularly shaped parts can be custom-made according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods for each part all employ conventional methods already established in the prior art, such as bolts, rivets, welding, and bonding, which will not be detailed here. It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly or indirectly attached to that other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0022] Depend on Figures 1-13 As can be seen from the embodiment shown, this embodiment includes a seeder frame 1, which is supported by ground wheels 16 and walks on the ground. The seeder frame 1 is equipped with one or more air-blown precision seeders 2, a positive pressure generating device, a seed box 3, a rotating seed tray drive device, and a seed furrow opener 4. The air-blowing precision seeder 2 includes a high-pressure side housing 18, a rotating seed disc 19, a low-pressure side housing 20, a high-pressure holding structure, and a seed dispensing structure; the high-pressure side housing 18 and the low-pressure side housing 20 are connected together to form the air-blowing precision seeder housing. The seed metering structure includes a seed metering tube 21 and a seed suction hole blocker; A rotating seed disc 19 is disposed within the high-pressure side housing 18 and is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing 18. The rotating seed disc 19 has one or more seed suction holes 19-1 arranged in a ring around the rotation axis of the rotating seed disc 19. The size of each seed suction hole 19-1 is sufficient to allow a seed to be adsorbed onto it. A cavity exists between the high-pressure side housing 18 and the rotating seed disc 19 to form a high-pressure air chamber 22. The gap between the high-pressure side housing 18 and the rotating seed disc 19 forms an annular air pressure leakage gap 23. A high-pressure retaining structure is used to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap 23. To relieve pressure, a seed inlet 24 for communicating with the seed outlet of the seed box 3 is provided on the high-pressure side housing 18, so that the seeds in the seed box 3 can enter the lower part of the high-pressure air chamber 22. The part of the high-pressure air chamber 22 that contains seeds forms a seed supply area, and the part above the seed supply area in the high-pressure air chamber 22 forms a seed conveying area. A rotational fit gap 25 is provided between the rotating seed disc 19 and the high-pressure side housing 18 to prevent seeds from spilling out. The rotational fit gap 25 should not allow seeds to fall out. This rotational fit gap 25 can also be omitted from the rotating seed disc 19. The 9-week setting can be positioned between the rotating seed tray 19 and the high-pressure side housing 18 in the seed supply area and the seed conveying area where seeds are prone to spillage due to the disturbance caused by the rotation of the rotating seed tray 19. The high-pressure side housing 18 is provided with a high-pressure air inlet 26 for communication with the positive pressure generating device, allowing high-pressure air to enter the high-pressure air chamber 22. The high-pressure air in the high-pressure air chamber 22 is discharged through the seed suction hole 19-1 to form a working airflow, thereby causing the seed suction hole 19-1 on the side of the high-pressure air chamber 22 to generate an adsorption force on the seeds, so as to drive the rotating seed tray. When the rotating seed disc 19 is driven to rotate, the seed suction hole 19-1 adsorbs seeds in the seed supply area. The adsorbed seeds are transported upward from one side of the seed conveying area through a section of arc-shaped rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed disc 19. The seed inlet of the seed discharge pipe 21 is located below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction hole 19-1 that has rotated to the seed release position, and leads them out of the air-blowing precision seeder housing through the seed discharge pipe 21; so that they fall into the seed furrow opened by the seed furrow opener 4 for sowing operations. The low-pressure side housing 20 is provided with a working pressure relief airflow discharge hole 27 to discharge the air discharged from the seed suction hole 19-1. The high-pressure holding structure and the seed suction hole blocker are connected to the low-pressure side housing 20. The high-pressure retaining structure includes a low-pressure side housing 20 and a low-pressure side inner housing 28. The low-pressure side inner housing 28 is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side housing 20. The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner housing 28 is on the same straight line as the rotation axis of the rotating seed disc 19. The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner housing 28 and the low-pressure side housing 20 is a leakage gap gas pressure accommodating cavity 47. The edge of the low-pressure side housing 20 is sealed to the edge of the high-pressure side housing 18 by an outer ring rubber sealing ring 48, and the edge of the low-pressure side inner housing 28 is sealed to the edge of the rotating seed disc 19 by an inner ring rubber sealing ring 49. The gas is sealed together to form a closed structure in the gas pressure accommodating cavity 47 of the leakage gap, so that the gas leaked from the annular gas pressure leakage gap 23 is contained in the gas pressure accommodating cavity 47 to prevent the annular gas pressure leakage gap 23 from depressurizing. Under the action of the friction force formed by the sealing and pressing of the low-pressure side inner shell 28 and the rotating seed plate 19 together, the low-pressure side inner shell 28 rotates with the rotating seed plate 19 on the same axis of rotation, so that they form a whole rotation, avoiding relative motion between them, thereby avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction. The seed suction hole blocker is pressed against the seed release position of the seed suction hole rotation trajectory to block the side of the seed suction hole 19-1 from which air flows out (i.e., the side located on the low-pressure side of the housing 20), so that the seed suction hole 19-1, which rotates to the position of the seed suction hole blocker, loses its ability to adsorb seeds due to the lack of airflow, thereby causing the seeds to fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharge tube 21. One ring of seed suction holes 19-1 corresponds to a set of seed metering structures to achieve one row of seeds sown per ring of seed suction holes 19-1; each ring of seed suction holes 19-1 has a seed release position, and a seed metering tube 21 is provided at each seed release position. When each ring of seed suction holes 19-1 rotates to the seed release position, the side from which the air flows out is blocked by the seed suction hole blocker, so that each ring of seed suction holes 19-1 can complete the sowing operation. The working pressure relief airflow vent 27 is located at the center of the rotatable connection between the low-pressure side housing 20 and the low-pressure side inner housing 28, thereby avoiding interference with the sealing performance of the leakage gap air pressure containment cavity 47.

[0023] Two air-blowing precision seeders 2 are connected together through a seeding device transmission connection structure to form an air-blowing precision seeding device. The seeding device transmission connection structure includes a seeding device transmission shaft 29, a driven sprocket 30 or a driven gear. The driven sprocket 30 or the driven gear is located in the middle of the seeding device transmission shaft 29. Both ends of the seeding device transmission shaft 29 are fixedly connected to the rotating seed discs 19 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2, and are rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings 18 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2.

[0024] The rotating seed disc drive device is a drive motor for the seeding device. The shaft of the drive motor for the seeding device is equipped with a drive sprocket or a drive gear (not shown in the figure). The drive sprocket is connected to the driven sprocket 30 (not shown in the figure) via the drive chain of the seeding device, or the drive gear is meshed with the driven gear (not shown in the figure), thereby enabling the drive motor of the seeding device to drive the rotating seed discs 19 of the two air-blowing precision seeders 2 to work.

[0025] The rotating seed tray drive device is a seeder drive motor 31, which is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing 18, and the rotating seed tray 19 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the air-blown precision seeder drive motor 31.

[0026] The air-blowing precision seeder 2 is equipped with a seed feed adjustment device to adjust the seed feed rate at the seed inlet 24 according to the seed size. The seed feed adjustment device includes a seed feed adjustment plate 32, an adjustment plate positioning spring 33, and an adjustment plate outlet sealing structure. The high-pressure side housing 18 is provided with an adjustment plate pull-out slot hole (not shown in the figure), and an adjustment plate positioning groove 32-1 is provided along the length direction of the seed feed adjustment plate 32. The seed feed adjustment plate 32 is inserted or pulled out through the adjustment plate pull-out slot hole and along a linear guide rail (not shown in the figure) set in the high-pressure side housing 18, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional size of the seed inlet 24. The fixed end of the adjustment plate positioning spring 33 is fixed to the high-pressure side housing. Inside the body 18, its free end is inserted into the adjusting plate positioning groove 32-1 to position the adjusting plate positioning spring 33; the adjusting plate outlet sealing structure includes a slot sealing block 34 and a compression spring 35. The slot sealing block 34 and the edge of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole in the high-pressure side housing 18 are provided with a matching sealing surface. One end of the compression spring 35 is fixed inside the high-pressure side housing 18, and the other end presses the slot sealing block 34 upward towards the direction of the seed feed adjusting plate 32, so as to press the seed feed adjusting plate 32 against the groove wall of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole, and make the slot sealing block 34 seal the gap between the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole and the seed feed adjusting plate 32, thereby reducing the air leakage of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole.

[0027] The seed suction hole blocker is an elastic roller 44 installed in the low-pressure side housing 20. The elastic roller 44 presses against the seed release position on the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotating seed plate 19 to block the side of the seed suction hole 19-1 from which air flows out; thereby avoiding relative movement between the elastic roller 44 and the rotating seed plate 19, thus avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction.

[0028] The air-blowing precision seeder 2 is also equipped with a seed removal wheel, which is used to remove seed residue stuck in the seed suction hole 19-1 below the seed release position (that failed to fall into the seed discharge pipe 21). The seed removal wheel includes a rotating wheel 45 and needles 46 spaced on the rotating wheel. The size and spacing of the needles 46 are adapted to the seed suction hole 19-1. The seed removal wheel is set in the low-pressure side housing 20. The needles 46 are inserted into the seed suction hole 19-1 below the seed release position and form a meshing transmission with it. The seed removal wheel rotates with the rotating seed disc 19, so that the needles 46 are inserted into the seed suction hole 19-1 one by one, pushing out the seed residue stuck in the seed suction hole 19-1, thereby avoiding missed sowing.

[0029] The air-blowing precision seeder 2 is equipped with a redundant seed interference mechanism to clean up excess seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole 19-1. The redundant seed interference mechanism is located on one side of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole inside the high-pressure side housing 18 and above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guide rail 40, an adjustment structure, and a redundant seed guide plate 36. The interference structure includes an interference base 37, an interference spring 38, and one or more interference disks 39. The interference disks 39 are fixed to the interference base 37 by the interference spring 38 so that the interference disks 39 are close to the rotating seed disk 19. The guide rail 40 is located between the interference base 37 and the high-pressure side housing 18. The adjustment structure includes a gear and rack transmission mechanism and a gear shaft (not shown in the figure). The rack 42 in the gear and rack transmission mechanism is fixed to the interference base. On seat 37, gear 43 in the gear and rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected to the gear shaft, and the gear shaft is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing 18. By rotating the interference disk displacement adjustment handle 41, which is fixed at one end of the gear shaft located outside the high-pressure side housing 18, the gear and rack transmission mechanism drives the interference disk 39 to deviate slightly from the motion trajectory defined by the guide rail 40, so that the interference disk 39 moves closer to or away from the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole, and scrapes off the excess seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole 19-1 that is biased to this side. The excess seed guide plate 36 is set above the seed discharging tube 21 to prevent the excess seeds scraped off by the interference disk 39 from entering the seed inlet of the seed discharging tube 21 and guide them into the seed supply area, so that the seed suction hole 19-1 only adsorbs one seed to ensure the accuracy of sowing.

[0030] The furrow opener 4 is equipped with a furrowing depth adjustment device, which includes a depth adjustment device bracket 8 fixed to the furrow opener 4, a furrowing depth adjustment structure, and a furrow opener depth limiting wheel assembly. The furrowing depth adjustment structure includes a depth adjustment screw 9 and a depth adjustment bracket 10. The depth adjustment screw 9 is vertically threaded to the furrowing depth adjustment bracket 10, and the depth adjustment screw 9 is rotatably connected to the depth adjustment device bracket 8. The depth adjustment bracket 10 and the depth adjustment device bracket 8 are slidably connected via a vertical sliding guide rail 11. The furrow opener depth limiting wheel assembly includes a wheel assembly bracket 12, a front depth limiting wheel 13, and... The rear depth limiting wheel 14, the front depth limiting wheel 13, and the rear depth limiting wheel 14 are rotatably connected to the wheel set bracket 12, and the wheel set bracket 12 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the depth adjustment bracket 10, so that the front depth limiting wheel 13 and the rear depth limiting wheel 14 are located in front of and behind the seed furrow opener 4, respectively. Rotating the furrowing depth adjustment knob 15 above the depth adjustment screw 9 causes the furrowing depth adjustment bracket 10 to move vertically relative to the depth adjustment device bracket 8 under the constraint of the vertical sliding guide rail 11, thereby driving the front depth limiting wheel 13 and the rear depth limiting wheel 14 to move up and down relative to the seed furrow opener 4, thereby adjusting the furrowing depth of the seed furrow opener 4.

[0031] It is also equipped with a fertilization device, which includes a fertilizer box 5, a fertilizer pipe 6 and a fertilizer furrow opener 7 installed on the seeder frame 1. The fertilizer furrow opener 7 is installed in a position that allows the fertilizer furrow it opens to be located between the seed furrows opened by the seed furrow opener 4. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box 5 is led to the fertilizer furrow opened by the fertilizer furrow opener 7 through the fertilizer pipe 6.

[0032] The low-pressure side housing 20 and the low-pressure side inner housing 28 are rotatably connected by a bearing 50. The inner ring of the bearing 50 is fixed to the low-pressure side housing 20, and the outer ring of the bearing 50 is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing 28. The working pressure relief airflow discharge hole 27 is provided on the inner ring of the bearing 50. The elastic roller 44 and the residue cleaning wheel are fixed on the inner ring of the bearing 50 by the wheel bracket 51. The positive pressure generating device is a fan 17.

Claims

1. A precision air-blowing device for a high-speed precision air-blowing seeder, characterized in that: The air-blowing precision seeding device mainly consists of two air-blowing precision seeders (2) connected together through a seeding device transmission connection structure; The air-blowing precision seeder (2) includes a high-pressure side shell (18), a rotating seed disc (19), a low-pressure side shell (20), a high-pressure holding structure, and a seed dispensing structure; the high-pressure side shell (18) and the low-pressure side shell (20) are connected together to form the air-blowing precision seeder shell; The seed metering structure includes a seed metering tube (21) and a seed suction hole blocker; The rotating seed disk (19) is disposed inside the high-pressure side housing (18) and is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing (18). The rotating seed disk (19) has one or more seed suction holes (19-1) arranged in a ring around the rotation axis of the rotating seed disk (19). The size of the seed suction holes (19-1) is such that a seed can be adsorbed onto them. A cavity exists between the high-pressure side housing (18) and the rotating seed disk (19) to form a high-pressure air chamber (22). The high-pressure side housing (18) and the rotating seed disk (19)... The gap between the seed transfer discs (19) forms an annular air pressure leakage gap (23). The high-pressure holding structure is used to prevent the annular air pressure leakage gap (23) from depressurizing. A seed inlet (24) for communicating with the seed outlet of the seed box (3) is provided on the high-pressure side housing (18) so that the seeds in the seed box (3) can enter the lower part of the high-pressure air chamber (22). The part of the lower part of the high-pressure air chamber (22) that contains the seeds forms a seed supply area. The part of the high-pressure air chamber (22) above the seed supply area forms a seed supply area. In the seed conveying area, a rotational fit gap (25) is provided between the rotating seed disc (19) and the high-pressure side housing (18) to prevent seed spillage. A high-pressure air inlet (26) is provided on the high-pressure side housing (18) for communication with the positive pressure generating device, so that high-pressure air enters the high-pressure air chamber (22). The high-pressure air in the high-pressure air chamber (22) is discharged through the seed suction hole (19-1) to form a working airflow, thereby causing the seed suction hole (19-1) on the side of the high-pressure air chamber (22) to adsorb the seeds. When the rotating seed disc (19) rotates, the seed suction hole (19-1) adsorbs the seeds in the seed supply area. The adsorbed seeds are transported from one side of the seed conveying area upward through a section of arc-shaped seed suction hole rotation trajectory to the seed release position on the other side of the rotating seed disc (19). The seed inlet of the seed discharge tube (21) is set below the seed release position to receive the seeds released by the seed suction hole (19-1) that has rotated to the seed release position, and the seeds are led out of the air-blowing precision seeder housing through the seed discharge tube (21). The low-pressure side housing (20) is provided with a working pressure relief airflow discharge hole (27) to discharge the air discharged from the seed suction hole (19-1). The high-pressure holding structure and the seed suction hole block are connected to the low-pressure side housing (20). The high-pressure holding structure includes a low-pressure side shell (20) and a low-pressure side inner shell (28). The low-pressure side inner shell (28) is rotatably connected to the low-pressure side shell (20). The rotation axis of the low-pressure side inner shell (28) is on the same straight line as the rotation axis of the rotating seed disc (19). The cavity formed between the low-pressure side inner shell (28) and the low-pressure side shell (20) is a leakage gap gas pressure accommodating cavity (47). The edge of the low-pressure side shell (20) is sealed to the edge of the high-pressure side shell (18), and the edge of the low-pressure side inner shell (28) is sealed to the edge of the rotating seed disc (19). The gas is pressed together to form a sealed structure in the leakage gap gas pressure accommodating cavity (47), so that the gas leaked from the annular gas pressure leakage gap (23) is contained in the leakage gap gas pressure accommodating cavity (47) to avoid the annular gas pressure leakage gap (23) from depressurizing. Under the action of the friction force formed by the sealing and pressing of the low-pressure side inner shell (28) and the rotating seed disk (19) together, the low-pressure side inner shell (28) rotates with the rotating seed disk (19) along the same rotation axis, so that they form a whole rotation, avoiding relative motion between them, thereby avoiding energy loss and mechanical wear caused by sliding friction; The seed suction hole blocker presses against the seed release position on the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole to block the side of the seed suction hole (19-1) from which air flows out, so that the seed suction hole (19-1) rotated to the position of the seed suction hole blocker loses its ability to adsorb seeds due to the lack of airflow, thereby causing the seeds to fall into the seed inlet of the seed discharge tube (21). One ring of seed suction holes (19-1) corresponds to one set of seed arrangement structures, so as to sow one row of seeds in one ring of seed suction holes (19-1); The working pressure relief airflow discharge hole (27) is located at the center of the rotatable connection between the low-pressure side housing (20) and the low-pressure side inner housing (28), thereby avoiding interference with the sealing performance of the leakage gap air pressure accommodating cavity (47); The transmission connection structure of the seeding device includes a seeding device transmission shaft (29), a driven sprocket (30) or a driven gear. The driven sprocket (30) or the driven gear is located in the middle of the seeding device transmission shaft (29). The two ends of the seeding device transmission shaft (29) are fixedly connected to the rotating seed discs (19) of the two air-blowing precision seeders (2) respectively, and are rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housings (18) of the two air-blowing precision seeders (2) respectively.

2. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-blowing precision seeder (2) is equipped with a seeder feed rate adjustment device to adjust the feed rate of the seeder inlet (24) according to the size of the seeds. The seeder feed rate adjustment device includes a feed rate adjustment plate (32), an adjustment plate positioning spring (33), and an adjustment plate outlet sealing structure. The high-pressure side housing (18) is provided with an adjustment plate pull-out slot hole, and an adjustment plate positioning groove (32-1) is provided along the length direction of the feed rate adjustment plate (32). The feed rate adjustment plate (32) is inserted or pulled out through the adjustment plate pull-out slot hole and along the linear guide rail set in the high-pressure side housing (18), thereby adjusting the cross-sectional size of the seeder inlet (24). The fixed end of the adjustment plate positioning spring (33) is fixed in the high-pressure side housing (18), and its free end is inserted into the... The adjusting plate positioning groove (32-1) is used to position the adjusting plate positioning spring (33); the adjusting plate outlet sealing structure includes a slot hole blocking block (34) and a compression spring (35). The slot hole blocking block (34) and the edge of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole in the high-pressure side housing (18) are provided with a matching sealing surface. One end of the compression spring (35) is fixed in the high-pressure side housing (18), and the other end presses the slot hole blocking block (34) upward toward the direction of the seed quantity adjusting plate (32) so as to press the seed quantity adjusting plate (32) against the slot wall of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole and make the slot hole blocking block (34) seal the gap between the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole and the seed quantity adjusting plate (32), thereby reducing the air leakage of the adjusting plate pull-out slot hole.

3. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed suction hole blocker is an elastic roller (44) disposed in the low-pressure side housing (20). The elastic roller (44) presses against the seed release position on the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole and rotates with the rotating seed plate (19) to block the side of the seed suction hole (19-1) from which air flows out.

4. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air-blowing precision seeder (2) is also equipped with a seed cleaning wheel for cleaning up the seed residue stuck in the seed suction hole (19-1) below the seed release position. The seed cleaning wheel includes a rotating wheel (45) and needles (46) spaced apart on the rotating wheel. The needles (46) are adapted to the size and spacing of the seed suction hole (19-1). The seed cleaning wheel is located in the low-pressure side housing (20). The needles (46) are inserted into the seed suction hole (19-1) below the seed release position and form a meshing transmission with it. The seed cleaning wheel rotates with the rotating seed disc (19) so that the needles (46) are inserted into the seed suction hole (19-1) one by one, pushing out the seed residue stuck in the seed suction hole (19-1), thereby avoiding the phenomenon of missed sowing.

5. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-blowing precision seeder (2) is equipped with a redundant seed interference mechanism for cleaning up excess seeds adsorbed by the seed suction hole (19-1). The redundant seed interference mechanism is located on one side of the rotation trajectory of the seed suction hole inside the high-pressure side housing (18) and above the seed supply area. It includes an interference structure, a guide rail (40), an adjustment structure, and a redundant seed guide plate (36). The interference structure includes an interference base (37), an interference spring (38), and one or more interference disks (39). The interference disks (39) are fixed on the interference base (37) by the interference spring (38) so that the interference disks (39) are close to the rotating seed disk (19). The guide rail (40) is set on the side of the high-pressure side housing (18) and above the seed supply area. Between the interference base (37) and the high-pressure side housing (18), the adjustment structure includes a gear and rack transmission mechanism and a gear shaft. The rack (42) in the gear and rack transmission mechanism is fixed on the interference base (37), and the gear (43) in the gear and rack transmission mechanism is fixedly connected to the gear shaft. The gear shaft is rotatably connected to the high-pressure side housing (18). The excess seed guide plate (36) is set above the seed metering tube (21) to prevent excess seeds scraped off by the interference disc (39) from entering the seed inlet of the seed metering tube (21) and guiding them into the seed supply area, so that the seed suction hole (19-1) only absorbs one seed to ensure the accuracy of sowing.

6. The air-blowing precision seeding device for an air-blowing precision high-speed seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The low-pressure side housing (20) and the low-pressure side inner housing (28) are rotatably connected by a bearing (50). The inner ring of the bearing (50) is fixed to the low-pressure side housing (20), and the outer ring of the bearing (50) is fixed to the low-pressure side inner housing (28). The working pressure relief airflow discharge hole (27) is provided on the inner ring of the bearing (50). The elastic roller (44) and the residue cleaning wheel are fixed on the inner ring of the bearing (50) by a wheel bracket (51). The positive pressure generating device is a fan (17).

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