A waste treatment method and a waste treatment system

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a waste treatment method and a waste treatment system. The method comprises: diluting and stirring a to-be-treated waste and a dilution solution to obtain a waste solution, the to-be-treated waste being adsorbed with copper ions and sulfate ions; adjusting the pH value of the waste solution to obtain a solid waste after pH value adjustment and a liquid waste meeting the pH value condition; adding a flocculating agent to the solid waste after pH value adjustment and the liquid waste meeting the pH value condition to perform polymerization treatment, to obtain polymerized waste, wherein the flocculating agent comprises polyacrylamide premix, and one of polymeric iron oxide premix and polymeric aluminum oxide premix; and drying the polymerized waste to obtain waste. The method is used to improve the purity of waste separation and the recovery treatment efficiency, and reduce the labor cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of waste treatment and resource recycling technology, and in particular to a waste treatment method and a waste treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] During the electrolysis of copper foil, diatomaceous earth and activated carbon waste containing metallic copper and sulfuric acid are generated during the dissolution and preparation of the raw solution. Improper disposal of the waste can lead to waste of resources and even pollution of the environment.

[0003] Currently, the diatomaceous earth and activated carbon containing copper ions and sulfate ions generated during the electrolysis of copper foil are mainly transported manually to designated locations for natural drying, and then recycled after drying.

[0004] However, natural air drying results in low efficiency in separating diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, and impurities from waste, high labor costs, and waste of resources due to the waste of metallic copper and sulfuric acid in diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a waste treatment method and system to improve the purity and efficiency of waste separation and reduce labor costs.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a waste treatment method, including:

[0007] The waste to be treated and the diluting solution are diluted and stirred to obtain a waste solution. The waste to be treated is a waste that adsorbs copper ions and sulfate ions, and the content of copper ions and sulfate ions is within a preset range. The waste to be treated includes at least one of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon.

[0008] The waste solution is subjected to pH adjustment treatment to obtain pH-adjusted solid waste and liquid waste that meets the pH requirements.

[0009] Flocculants are added to solid waste that has undergone pH adjustment treatment and liquid waste that meets pH conditions to carry out polymerization treatment and obtain polymerized waste. The flocculants include polyacrylamide premix, and one of polymerized iron oxide premix and polymerized alumina premix.

[0010] The polymer waste is dried to obtain waste material.

[0011] In one possible implementation,

[0012] When the flocculant includes polyacrylamide premix and polymeric iron oxide premix...

[0013] The weight ratio of polyacrylamide premix to waste to be treated is 1:(25-40), and the weight ratio of polymeric iron oxide premix to waste to be treated is 1:(8-10).

[0014] When the flocculant includes polyacrylamide premix and polyalumina premix...

[0015] The weight ratio between polyacrylamide premix and the waste to be treated is 1:(20-35), and the weight ratio between polymeric alumina premix and the waste to be treated is 1:(8-12).

[0016] In one possible implementation, before diluting and stirring the waste to be treated and the diluting solution to obtain the waste solution, the method further includes:

[0017] The original waste is mixed to obtain the initial waste.

[0018] The initial waste is diluted with water to obtain a diluted waste solution.

[0019] The diluted waste solution is subjected to precipitation treatment to obtain precipitated residue.

[0020] The residue is dehydrated to obtain the waste to be processed.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0022] The precipitated waste solution and the collected liquid obtained after dehydration of the slag in the first dehydration machine are both fed into the electrolysis equipment for electrolysis to obtain the electrolyte.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the initial waste to water weight ratio is 1:11.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the polymer waste is dried to obtain waste material, including:

[0025] The polymer waste is dehydrated to obtain dehydrated polymer waste.

[0026] The dehydrated polymer waste is dried to obtain dried waste material, wherein the moisture content of the dried waste material is less than 5%;

[0027] The dried waste material is packaged and processed to obtain waste material.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the moisture content of the dehydrated polymerization waste is less than 12.5%.

[0029] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a waste treatment system for implementing the above-described waste treatment method, the system comprising at least:

[0030] A coagulation mixing tank is used to dilute and stir the waste to be treated and the diluting solution to obtain a waste solution. The waste to be treated is waste containing adsorbed copper ions and sulfate ions, and the copper ion content and sulfate ion content are both within a preset range. The waste to be treated includes at least one of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. The waste solution is subjected to pH adjustment treatment to obtain pH-adjusted solid waste and liquid waste that meets the pH conditions. A flocculant is added to the pH-adjusted solid waste and the liquid waste that meets the pH conditions for polymerization treatment to obtain polymerized waste. The flocculant includes a premix of polyacrylamide, a premix of polymerized iron oxide, and a premix of polymerized alumina.

[0031] The drying unit is used to dry the polymer waste to obtain waste material.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the system further includes:

[0033] Diatomaceous earth filters are used to agitate raw waste to obtain initial waste.

[0034] A dilution mixing tank is used to dilute initial waste with water to obtain a diluted waste solution; and to precipitate the diluted waste solution to obtain precipitated residue.

[0035] The first dewatering machine is used to dewater the slag to obtain the waste to be processed.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the drying unit includes:

[0037] The second dehydrator is used to dehydrate the polymer waste to obtain dehydrated polymer waste;

[0038] The drying duct is used to dry the dehydrated polymer waste to obtain dried waste material, wherein the moisture content of the dried waste material is less than 5%.

[0039] A baling device is used to bale dry waste materials to obtain waste.

[0040] This application provides a waste treatment method and system that involves diluting and stirring waste containing copper ions and sulfate ions, with both copper ion and sulfate ion content within a preset range, to obtain a waste solution. The waste solution is then pH adjusted to obtain liquid and solid waste meeting the required pH conditions. A flocculant is added to the solid and liquid waste for polymerization, resulting in polymerized waste. After precipitation, the polymerized waste is dried to separate liquid and solid impurities, yielding recyclable waste. This method improves the purity of waste separation and recycling efficiency while reducing labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0041] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the waste treatment method provided in this application;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the waste treatment method provided in this application before the dilution and stirring of the waste to be treated and the diluent solution;

[0044] Figure 3 A system diagram of the waste treatment system provided for this application.

[0045] The accompanying drawings illustrate specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to particular embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0047] In existing technologies, diatomaceous earth and activated carbon containing copper and sulfate ions generated during copper foil electrolysis are mainly transported manually to designated locations for natural drying, and then recycled. However, natural drying results in low efficiency in separating diatomaceous earth and activated carbon from impurities, high labor costs, and waste of metallic copper and sulfuric acid in the diatomaceous earth and activated carbon, leading to resource waste.

[0048] This application provides a waste treatment method and system. The method involves diluting and stirring waste containing copper and sulfate ions (both within preset ranges) and a diluent solution to obtain a waste solution. The pH of the waste solution is then adjusted to obtain liquid and solid waste meeting the required pH conditions. A flocculant is added to the solid and liquid waste for polymerization, resulting in polymerized waste. After precipitation, the polymerized waste is dried to separate liquid and solid impurities, yielding recyclable waste. This method improves the purity of waste separation and recycling efficiency while reducing labor costs.

[0049] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the waste treatment method provided in this application is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0051] S101. The waste to be treated and the diluting solution are diluted and stirred to obtain a waste solution. The waste to be treated is a waste that adsorbs copper ions and sulfate ions, and the content of copper ions and sulfate ions is within a preset range. The waste to be treated includes at least one of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon.

[0052] During the electrolysis of copper foil, diatomaceous earth and activated carbon are used to absorb impurities during the dissolution and preparation of the raw solution. The mixture of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon needs to be replaced regularly. During the replacement process, waste containing copper ions and sulfate ions is generated. After filtering, stirring and diluting the waste with water, the waste to be coagulated and stirred is obtained. At this time, the content of copper ions and sulfate ions adsorbed in the waste to be treated is within the preset range. After the waste is coagulated and stirred, the copper ions and sulfate ions in the waste liquid discharged will not cause resource waste or environmental pollution.

[0053] The diluent can serve as a reaction medium to promote chemical reactions in waste, help neutralize acidic or alkaline waste, promote precipitation reactions, and cause copper ions to form insoluble precipitates. The diluent can be water.

[0054] The process involves diluting and stirring the waste material and the diluent solution to obtain a waste solution containing copper ions and sulfate ions. Subsequently, flocculants can be added to the waste solution to flocculate the suspended solids and colloidal particles.

[0055] S102. The waste solution is subjected to pH adjustment treatment to obtain pH-adjusted solid waste and liquid waste that meets the pH conditions.

[0056] pH adjustment is a crucial step in the waste solution treatment process. Waste solutions contain copper ions and other chemical substances. Adjusting the pH value of the wastewater optimizes chemical reaction conditions and promotes the effective execution of treatment processes such as sedimentation and flocculation. In this application, the waste solution contains sulfate ions and may be acidic. This acidity can be neutralized by adding an alkaline adjuster, bringing the pH value to neutral or near-neutral. The pH adjustment range is 6-7, and sodium hydroxide can be used as the alkaline adjuster.

[0057] The required amount of pH adjuster can be calculated based on the volume of the waste solution and the desired pH adjustment range. The calculated adjuster is then slowly added to the waste solution while stirring to ensure thorough mixing. During the addition of the adjuster, a pH sensor can be used to monitor the pH changes of the wastewater in real time, ensuring that the adjustment is stopped once the target pH value is reached. After reaching the target pH value, the waste solution is allowed to stand for a period of time to allow the pH value to stabilize and the relevant chemical reactions to complete.

[0058] S103. Add flocculant to the solid waste after pH adjustment treatment and the liquid waste that meets the pH conditions to carry out polymerization treatment to obtain polymerized waste. The flocculant includes a premix of polyacrylamide, a premix of polymerized iron oxide, and a premix of polymerized alumina.

[0059] Flocculants, through physical and chemical actions, aggregate suspended solids, colloids, and other tiny particles in waste solutions into larger flocs. This facilitates subsequent sedimentation and separation of activated carbon and diatomaceous earth from the waste, resulting in better separation of these materials. Specifically, flocculants neutralize the charge of suspended solids and colloidal particles in the waste solution, reducing inter-particle repulsion and promoting particle aggregation. Flocculant molecules typically have long-chain structures, which can form bridges between different particle surfaces, connecting multiple particles together to form larger flocs. Furthermore, flocculant molecules can adhere to the surface of suspended particles through physical or chemical adsorption, increasing particle mass and volume, making them easier to settle or filter. Simultaneously, flocculants can increase the viscosity and concentration of activated carbon and diatomaceous earth, preventing them from being lost due to excessive looseness during subsequent dehydration.

[0060] Flocculants can be polyacrylamide, polyferric oxide, or polyaluminum oxide. Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a water-soluble polymer with excellent flocculation, thickening, drag reduction, and adhesion properties. Based on its ionic properties, PAM can be classified as anionic, cationic, and nonionic. Polyferric oxide (PAF) is an inorganic polymeric flocculant, with Fe2O3 as its main component. It has strong flocculation and adsorption capabilities and can effectively remove suspended solids, colloids, and some dissolved organic matter from water. Polyaluminum oxide (PAC) is an inorganic polymeric flocculant, with Al2O3 as its main component. It also has strong flocculation and adsorption capabilities and can effectively remove suspended solids, colloids, and some dissolved organic matter from water.

[0061] In this embodiment, a premix of polyacrylamide (PAM), polyferric oxide (PAF), or polyaluminum oxide (PAC) can be added to the pH-adjusted solid waste and the liquid waste that meets the pH requirements. Specifically, the selected flocculant premix is ​​slowly added to the liquid waste while simultaneously stirring the flocculant premix, liquid waste, and solid waste using a stirrer to ensure thorough mixing of the flocculant with the liquid and solid waste. Rapid stirring allows the flocculant to fully contact the suspended particles and dissolved substances in the liquid waste, promoting floc formation. The formed flocs are then separated from the solid waste by methods such as sedimentation, filtration, or centrifugation to obtain the polymer waste.

[0062] During the slow addition of the selected flocculant premix to the liquid waste, one of the premixes, either polyferric oxide or polyalumina, can be added to the coagulation mixing tank first. After thorough mixing, polyacrylamide premix is ​​added to the coagulation mixing tank. For each 100 kg of polyferric oxide or polyalumina premix, the mixture is stirred for 1-2 hours. The polyacrylamide premix and the polyferric oxide or polyalumina premix are stirred at a water temperature of 40-55℃. The water temperature inside the coagulation mixing tank can be monitored using a temperature sensor. For example, when the weight of the selected polyferric oxide premix is ​​100 kg and the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​30 kg, the water temperature in the coagulation mixing tank is first detected by a temperature sensor. If the water temperature in the coagulation mixing tank is between 40-55℃, the polyferric oxide premix is ​​added to the coagulation mixing tank and stirred for 1-2 hours to ensure that the polyferric oxide is fully dispersed and in full contact with the suspended particles in the solution, thus promoting the coagulation process. When the suspended particles in the solution gradually coagulate into larger flocs, stirring is stopped, the polyacrylamide premix is ​​added, and stirring continues for 30 minutes to 1 hour to ensure that the polyacrylamide is fully dispersed and combines with the flocs, thereby further enhancing the flocculation effect.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the flocculant includes polyacrylamide premix and polymeric iron oxide premix,

[0064] The weight ratio of polyacrylamide premix to waste to be treated is 1:(25-40), and the weight ratio of polymeric iron oxide premix to waste to be treated is 1:(8-10).

[0065] When the flocculant includes polyacrylamide premix and polyalumina premix...

[0066] The weight ratio between polyacrylamide premix and the waste to be treated is 1:(20-35), and the weight ratio between polymeric alumina premix and the waste to be treated is 1:(8-12).

[0067] In this embodiment, the weights of the polyacrylamide premix and the polymeric iron oxide premix or polymeric alumina premix are determined according to the weight of the waste to be treated.

[0068] When polyacrylamide premix and polymeric iron oxide premix are used for flocculation of the waste in this embodiment, the weights of the polyacrylamide premix and polymeric iron oxide premix are determined according to the weight of the waste to be treated as follows:

[0069] The weight ratio of polyacrylamide premix to waste can be 1:30. When the weight of the waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​30 kg. To improve the flocculation effect of the polyacrylamide premix, the weight ratio can be 1:25. When the weight of the waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​36 kg. To save polyacrylamide while ensuring the basic flocculation effect of the polyacrylamide premix, the weight ratio can be 1:40. When the weight of the waste is 900 kg, the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​22.5 kg. The polyacrylamide premix consists of polyacrylamide and water, and the weight ratio of polyacrylamide to water can be 1:20. When the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​30 kg, the weight of polyacrylamide is 1.43 kg and the weight of water is 28.57 kg. When the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​36 kg, the weight of polyacrylamide is 1.71 kg and the weight of water is 34.29 kg. When the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​22.5 kg, the weight of polyacrylamide is 1.07 kg and the weight of water is 21.43 kg.

[0070] The weight ratio of the premixed polymeric iron oxide solution to the waste to be treated can be 1:9. When the weight of the waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of the premixed polymeric iron oxide solution is 100 kg. To improve the coagulation effect of the premixed polymeric iron oxide solution, the weight ratio can be 1:8. When the weight of the waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of the premixed polymeric iron oxide solution is 112.5 kg. To save on polymeric iron oxide while ensuring the basic coagulation effect of the premixed polymeric iron oxide solution, the weight ratio can be 1:10. When the weight of the waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of the polymeric iron oxide premix is ​​90 kg. The polymeric iron oxide premix consists of polymeric iron oxide and water, and the weight ratio of polymeric iron oxide to water can be 1:40. When the weight of polymeric iron oxide is 100 kg, the weight of polymeric iron oxide is 2.44 kg and the weight of water is 97.56 kg. When the weight of the polymeric iron oxide premix is ​​112.5 kg, the weight of polymeric iron oxide is 2.74 kg and the weight of water is 109.76 kg. When the weight of the polymeric iron oxide premix is ​​90 kg, the weight of polymeric iron oxide is 2.2 kg and the weight of water is 87.8 kg.

[0071] When polyacrylamide premix and polyalumina premix are used for flocculation of the waste in this embodiment, the weights of the polyacrylamide premix and polyalumina premix are determined according to the weight of the waste to be treated as follows:

[0072] The weight ratio of polyacrylamide premix to waste can be 1:30. When the weight of waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of polyacrylamide premix is ​​30 kg. To improve the flocculation effect of the polyacrylamide premix, the weight ratio can be 1:20. When the weight of waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of polyacrylamide premix is ​​45 kg. To save polyacrylamide while ensuring the basic flocculation effect of the polyacrylamide premix, the weight ratio can be 1:35. When the weight of the waste is 900 kg, the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​25.71 kg. The polyacrylamide premix consists of polyacrylamide and water, and the weight ratio of polyacrylamide to water can be 1:20. When the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​30 kg, the weight of polyacrylamide is 1.43 kg and the weight of water is 28.57 kg. When the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​45 kg, the weight of polyacrylamide is 2.14 kg and the weight of water is 42.86 kg. When the weight of the polyacrylamide premix is ​​25.71 kg, the weight of polyacrylamide is 1.22 kg and the weight of water is 24.49 kg.

[0073] The weight ratio of polyalumina premix to the waste to be treated can be 1:9. When the weight of the waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of the polyalumina premix is ​​100 kg. To improve the coagulation effect of the polyalumina premix, the weight ratio can be 1:8. When the weight of the waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of the polyalumina premix is ​​112.5 kg. To save on polyalumina while ensuring the basic coagulation effect of the polyalumina premix, the weight ratio can be 1:12. When the weight of the waste to be treated is 900 kg, the weight of the polyalumina premix is ​​75 kg. The polyalumina premix consists of polyalumina and water, and the weight ratio of polyalumina to water can be 1:40. When the weight of polyalumina is 100 kg, the weight of polyalumina is 2.44 kg and the weight of water is 97.56 kg. When the weight of the polyalumina premix is ​​112.5 kg, the weight of polyalumina is 2.74 kg and the weight of water is 109.76 kg. When the weight of the polyalumina premix is ​​75 kg, the weight of polyalumina is 1.83 kg and the weight of water is 73.17 kg.

[0074] S104. The polymer waste is dried to obtain dried waste material.

[0075] The separated polymer waste is dried to obtain diatomaceous earth and activated carbon after impurities are removed, and the diatomaceous earth and activated carbon are then recycled.

[0076] In this embodiment, the polymer waste is dried to obtain dried waste material, including:

[0077] The polymer waste is dehydrated to obtain dehydrated polymer waste.

[0078] The dehydrated polymer waste is dried to obtain dried waste material, wherein the moisture content of the dried waste material is less than 5%;

[0079] The dried waste material is packaged and processed to obtain waste material.

[0080] The polymer waste can be dried through a drying unit. The dehydrator first removes the moisture from the polymer waste to obtain dehydrated polymer waste. Then, the dehydrated polymer waste is dried through an air duct so that the moisture content of the dried waste is less than 5%. Finally, the dried waste is transported to a packaging device through a conveying device to package the dried waste for subsequent storage and recycling.

[0081] In this embodiment, the moisture content of the dehydrated polymerization waste is less than 12.5%.

[0082] During the dehydration of polymer waste using a dehydrator, humidity sensors can be installed at different locations within the dehydrator to monitor the moisture content distribution of the waste. Based on the moisture content, the dehydrator's operating parameters can be optimized to improve dehydration efficiency and precisely control the moisture content. Specifically, the dehydrator's operating frequency can be automatically adjusted based on real-time data from the humidity sensors and a preset algorithm. When the humidity sensor detects high moisture content, the operating frequency is automatically increased; when the moisture content is low, the operating frequency is decreased to save energy. Furthermore, before dehydrating the polymer waste, the drain valve in the condensation mixing tank can be opened to drain the wastewater. The polymer waste is then fed into the dehydrator through the tank's outlet. After the polymer waste has settled in the dehydrator, the waste liquid outlet is opened to discharge the waste liquid that seeped out during the settling process, further improving dehydration efficiency.

[0083] This application provides a waste treatment method and system that involves diluting and stirring waste containing copper ions and sulfate ions, with both copper ion and sulfate ion content within a preset range, to obtain a waste solution. The waste solution is then pH adjusted to obtain liquid and solid waste meeting the required pH conditions. A flocculant is added to the solid and liquid waste for polymerization, resulting in polymerized waste. After precipitation, the polymerized waste is dried to separate liquid and solid impurities, yielding recyclable waste. This method improves the purity of waste separation and recycling efficiency while reducing labor costs.

[0084] Figure 2 This is a schematic flow diagram of the waste treatment method provided in this application before the dilution and stirring of the waste to be treated and the diluent solution. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes:

[0085] S201. The original waste is stirred to obtain the initial waste.

[0086] The raw waste can be put into a dilution mixing tank for mixing to ensure the uniformity of the raw waste, so that it can be diluted in the future.

[0087] S202. Dilute the initial waste with water to obtain a diluted waste solution.

[0088] In this embodiment, the initial waste is diluted with water to achieve a preset concentration range of copper and sulfate ions in the diluted waste solution. Specifically, the amount of water to be added is determined based on the content of copper and sulfate ions in the initial waste, the preset concentration range of copper and sulfate ions after dilution, and the volume of the initial waste in the dilution mixing tank. After determining the amount of water to be added, the flow rate can be monitored in real time using a flow meter on the water addition pipeline, and the flow rate can be controlled by adjusting the valve opening on the water addition pipeline.

[0089] During the process of adding water to the dilution mixing tank, the water flow rate can be dynamically adjusted based on real-time monitored flow data, dilution ratio, and flow control algorithm to ensure the stability of the dilution process. Simultaneously, the water volume and flow rate can be adjusted based on the concentrations of copper and sulfate ions in the diluted waste solution monitored by the pH sensor in the dilution mixing tank. When the concentrations of copper and sulfate ions reach preset values, the system automatically stops the water dilution operation.

[0090] In addition, during the dilution process, open the control valve on the water supply pipe to add water to the dilution mixing tank. Use a stirrer to stir the liquid and initial waste in the dilution mixing tank for 15-30 minutes. Then, open the overflow collection port to transfer the liquid in the dilution tank to the electrolytic cell of the copper electrolysis unit. Add water to dilute again until the pH sensor detects that the concentration of copper ions and sulfate ions in the dilution waste solution in the dilution mixing tank is within the preset concentration range, and then stop the dilution.

[0091] In this embodiment, the initial waste to water weight ratio is 1:11.

[0092] By diluting with water, the concentration of copper and sulfate ions in the initial waste can be reduced, helping to decrease their corrosiveness and toxicity to the environment and treatment equipment. Furthermore, reducing the concentration of copper and sulfate ions in the initial waste before feeding it into the coagulation mixing tank reduces copper ion waste and improves the purity of the activated carbon and diatomaceous earth separation from the waste.

[0093] S203. The diluted waste solution is subjected to precipitation treatment to obtain precipitated residue.

[0094] In this process, the diluted waste solution is slowly stirred, causing the solid particles in the solution to gradually settle to the bottom, forming a residue that includes diatomaceous earth and activated carbon.

[0095] S204. The slag is dewatered to obtain the waste to be treated.

[0096] The process involves separating the slag from the diluted waste solution, then feeding the slag into a dewatering machine connected to the dilution mixing tank to dewater the resulting slag and reduce its water content.

[0097] In this embodiment, the precipitate after the dilution of the waste solution and the collected liquid after the residue is dehydrated in the first dehydration machine are both fed into the electrolysis equipment for electrolysis to obtain the electrolyte.

[0098] The solution containing copper ions is obtained by precipitating the diluted waste solution and by dehydrating the slag in the first dehydration machine. Both the solution and the slag are fed into the electrolytic cell of the electrolysis equipment for electrolysis. This allows the copper ions to undergo a redox reaction at the electrodes of the electrode cell, reducing them to elemental copper and separating them from the solution.

[0099] Figure 3 A system diagram of the waste treatment system provided in this application is shown below. Figure 3As shown, the waste treatment system includes a coagulation mixing tank and a drying unit.

[0100] The coagulation mixing tank is used to aggregate tiny suspended particles and colloidal particles in acid- and alkali-neutralized liquid waste into larger flocs. This facilitates the subsequent separation of activated carbon and diatomaceous earth from the flocs, resulting in activated carbon and diatomaceous earth with higher purity. Simultaneously, the coagulation mixing tank can improve the polymerization effect of solid waste, yielding polymerized waste and preventing it from becoming too loose and being lost during subsequent dehydration.

[0101] The coagulation mixing tank may include an inlet, an outlet, a drain valve, a stirrer, a reagent inlet, a pH sensor, a temperature sensor, and a weight sensor. The inlet, located at the top of the tank, is used to add the waste to be treated. The outlet, located at the bottom of the tank and connected to the drying unit, is used to discharge solid waste. The drain valve, located at the bottom of the tank, is used to discharge the wastewater obtained after the polymerization reaction. The stirrer is used to dilute and stir the waste and diluent solutions. The reagent inlet, located at the top of the tank, is used to add flocculant. The pH sensor detects the pH value of the waste solution. The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the liquid in the tank. The weight sensor detects the weight of the solid waste in the tank.

[0102] The drying unit is used to dehydrate and dry the polymer waste, so that the moisture content of the polymer waste reaches the preset standard.

[0103] In this embodiment of the application, the drying unit includes:

[0104] The second dehydrator is used to dehydrate the polymer waste to obtain dehydrated polymer waste;

[0105] The drying duct is used to dry the dehydrated polymer waste to obtain dried waste material, wherein the moisture content of the waste material is less than 5%.

[0106] A baling device is used to bale dry waste materials to obtain waste.

[0107] The second dewatering machine may include a screw, a screw shaft, screw blades, a motor, a dewatering chamber, a waste liquid outlet, and a dewatering discharge port. The dewatering discharge port of the second dewatering machine is positioned opposite to the beginning of the drying air duct. The dewatering chamber of the second dewatering machine is connected to the discharge port of the condensation mixing tank.

[0108] The drying duct may include a duct body, a humidity sensor, a polymer waste conveying device, and an air filter. The duct body is located outside the polymer waste conveying device and covers the waste conveying device. The beginning of the conveyor belt of the polymer waste conveying device is positioned opposite the dewatering outlet of the second dewatering machine. The humidity sensor is used to detect the humidity of the polymer waste in the duct body and is located in the middle of the duct body or near the polymer waste. The air filter is used to filter harmful gases generated in the duct body and is located at the outlet of the duct body.

[0109] In this embodiment of the application, the system further includes:

[0110] Diatomaceous earth filters are used to agitate raw waste to obtain initial waste.

[0111] A dilution mixing tank is used to dilute initial waste with water to obtain a diluted waste solution; and to precipitate the diluted waste solution to obtain precipitated residue.

[0112] The first dewatering machine is used to dewater the slag to obtain the waste to be processed.

[0113] The diatomaceous earth filter includes an inlet, an outlet, a filter plate, and a raw waste conveying device. The raw waste is fed into the dilution and mixing tank through the inlet. After being stirred and filtered by the filter plate, solid impurities other than diatomaceous earth and activated carbon are filtered out, as well as sulfuric acid in the diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. The beginning of the conveyor belt of the raw waste conveying device is set opposite to the outlet of the diatomaceous earth filter, and the end of the conveyor belt is set opposite to the inlet of the dilution and mixing tank.

[0114] The dilution mixing tank includes a feed inlet, a water inlet, an overflow collection port, a weight sensor, a concentration sensor, a stirrer, and an outlet valve. The water inlet, located at the top of the tank, is used to replenish the diluent. The overflow collection port is used to send the waste solution generated during the dilution process to the copper electrolysis unit to extract copper from the waste solution. The weight sensor is used to detect the weight of the original waste. The concentration sensor is used to detect the concentration of copper ions and sulfate ions in the dilution mixing tank. The outlet valve is located at the bottom of the dilution mixing unit and is connected to the first dehydrator.

[0115] The first dehydrator may include a screw, screw shaft, screw blades, motor, dehydration chamber, collection and discharge port, and dehydration outlet. The collection and discharge port is used to send the diluted waste solution generated during the dilution process to the electrolytic copper device to extract copper from the diluted waste solution. The dehydration outlet is used to discharge the waste to be treated into the coagulation and mixing tank. The dehydration outlet of the first dehydrator is set opposite to the feed inlet of the coagulation and mixing tank.

Claims

1. A waste treatment method, characterized in that, The method includes: The waste to be treated and the diluent solution are diluted and stirred to obtain a waste solution. The waste to be treated is a waste that adsorbs copper ions and sulfate ions, and the content of copper ions and sulfate ions is within a preset range. The waste to be treated includes at least one of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. The waste solution is subjected to pH adjustment treatment to obtain pH-adjusted solid waste and liquid waste that meets the pH requirements; wherein the pH adjustment range of the pH adjustment treatment is 6-7, and the alkaline regulator used is sodium hydroxide. Flocculants are added to pH-adjusted solid waste and pH-compliant liquid waste to polymerize and form flocs. The flocs are then separated from the solid waste by sedimentation, filtration, or centrifugation to obtain polymerized waste. The flocculants include a polyacrylamide premix, a polymeric iron oxide premix, and a polymeric alumina premix. During the addition of flocculants to the pH-adjusted solid waste and the pH-compliant liquid waste, one of the polymeric iron oxide or polymeric alumina premix is ​​first added to a coagulation mixing tank and stirred thoroughly. Then, the polyacrylamide premix is ​​added to the coagulation mixing tank. Each 100 kg of polymeric iron oxide or polymeric alumina premix is ​​stirred for 1-2 hours. The polyacrylamide premix and the polymeric iron oxide or polymeric alumina premix are stirred at a water temperature of 40-55°C. The polymer waste is dried to obtain waste material.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the flocculant comprises polyacrylamide premix and polymeric iron oxide premix, The weight ratio of the polyacrylamide premix to the waste to be treated is 1:(25~40), and the weight ratio of the polymeric iron oxide premix to the waste to be treated is 1:(8~10). When the flocculant comprises polyacrylamide premix and polyalumina premix, The weight ratio of the polyacrylamide premix to the waste to be treated is 1:(20~35), and the weight ratio of the polymeric alumina premix to the waste to be treated is 1:(8~12).

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before diluting and stirring the waste to be treated and the diluting solution to obtain the waste solution, the method further includes: The original waste is mixed to obtain the initial waste. The initial waste is diluted with water to obtain a diluted waste solution; The diluted waste solution is subjected to precipitation treatment to obtain precipitated residue; The slag is dehydrated to obtain the waste to be treated.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The precipitated waste solution and the collected liquid obtained after dehydration of the slag in the first dehydration machine are both fed into the electrolysis equipment for electrolysis to obtain electrolytes.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The initial waste and water were in a weight ratio of 1:

11.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying process of the polymer waste to obtain waste material includes: The polymer waste is dehydrated to obtain dehydrated polymer waste. The dehydrated polymerization waste is dried to obtain dried waste material, wherein the moisture content of the dried waste material is less than 5%; The dried waste material is packaged to obtain waste material.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The moisture content of the dehydrated polymer waste is less than 12.5%.

8. A waste treatment system, characterized in that, For implementing the waste treatment method according to any one of claims 1-7, the system comprises at least: A coagulation mixing tank is used to dilute and stir a waste solution to obtain a waste solution. The waste solution is a waste containing adsorbed copper and sulfate ions, with both copper and sulfate ion contents within a preset range. The waste solution includes at least one of diatomaceous earth and activated carbon. The waste solution is then subjected to pH adjustment treatment to obtain pH-adjusted solid waste and liquid waste meeting the pH requirements. The pH adjustment range is 6-7. The coagulation mixing tank is equipped with a reagent inlet for adding sodium hydroxide. A flocculant is added to the pH-adjusted solid waste and the liquid waste meeting the pH requirements to polymerize and form flocs. The flocs are then separated from the solid waste by sedimentation, filtration, or centrifugation to obtain polymerized waste. The flocculant includes a premix of polyacrylamide, polymerized iron oxide, and polymerized alumina. The coagulation mixing tank is also equipped with reagent inlets for separately adding the polymeric iron oxide premix or polymeric alumina premix and the polyacrylamide premix. It is configured to, during the process of adding flocculant to solid waste after pH adjustment and liquid waste meeting pH conditions, first add one of the polymeric iron oxide premix or polymeric alumina premix to the coagulation mixing tank, stir thoroughly, and then add the polyacrylamide premix. Each 100 kg of polymeric iron oxide premix or polymeric alumina premix is ​​stirred for 1-2 hours. The coagulation mixing tank is equipped with a temperature sensor and a heating device to ensure that the polyacrylamide premix and the polymeric iron oxide premix or polymeric alumina premix are stirred at a water temperature of 40-55℃. A drying unit is used to dry the polymer waste to obtain waste material.

9. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The system also includes: Diatomaceous earth filters are used to agitate raw waste to obtain initial waste. A dilution mixing tank is used to dilute the initial waste with water to obtain a diluted waste solution; and to precipitate the diluted waste solution to obtain precipitated residue. The first dewatering machine is used to dewater the slag to obtain the waste to be treated.

10. The system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drying unit includes: The second dehydrator is used to dehydrate the polymer waste to obtain dehydrated polymer waste; A drying duct is used to dry the dehydrated polymer waste to obtain dried waste material, wherein the moisture content of the dried waste material is less than 5%. A baling device is used to bale the dried waste material to obtain waste.

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