A six-pyramid clamp with a gauge rod and a sleeve integrated together and a processing method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of clamp and its processing method, specifically relates to a kind of six pyramidal clamps of quantity rod expansion sleeve integration and its processing method, solve the cooperation of existing quantity rod and expansion sleeve is more complex, and it is difficult to solve the technical problem of tooth processing.The six pyramidal clamps of quantity rod expansion sleeve integration, including six pyramidal body, piston, multiple top pin, pull rod, expansion sleeve assembly, support and gland;Support is used to install the workpiece to be processed, piston is set in second movable inner cavity;Gland is used to limit the lower end of piston, top pin is used to control the relative position of expansion sleeve assembly and piston, pull rod is connected with piston;The lower end of piston is used to be connected with external hydraulic cylinder, external hydraulic cylinder drives piston, pull rod and expansion sleeve assembly to move up and down along first movable inner cavity and second movable inner cavity, loosen or tighten workpiece to be processed.The processing method of the present application guarantees the cross rod distance size and position accuracy of six pyramidal expansion sleeve, increases the expansion amount of six pyramidal expansion sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a fixture and its processing method, specifically to a hexagonal pyramid fixture with an integral expansion sleeve for measuring rods and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] When machining a retarder rotor, the spline center is usually determined by tightening the spline minor diameter of the retarder rotor with an expansion sleeve. Then, a measuring bar is used to align with the tooth groove of the retarder rotor to position the angular direction. The measuring bar is movable and can move within the linear groove of the fixture. The retarder rotor is then manually tightened to the fixture. However, due to the gap between the measuring bar and the linear groove, it is difficult to accurately position the measuring bar and the tooth groove in the angular direction, resulting in unstable positional quality of the retarder rotor to be machined, which cannot meet production requirements.

[0003] Chinese patent CN103878406A discloses a machine housing machining fixture for rapid and precise positioning and radial tensioning. One end of the mandrel is connected to a transmission device, a sleeve is fitted into the middle of the mandrel, a central bolt is fitted onto the upper end of the mandrel and connected via washers, and the lower end of the mandrel is mounted on a connecting base plate, which is mounted on a base. The central bolt connects to a sector-shaped support plate, which is connected to a spring, a cylindrical support block, and a hexagonal pyramid via cylindrical pins, nuts, screws, and washers. This device achieves loosening and radial tensioning through the reverse tightening of the central bolt and the contraction of the spring.

[0004] Chinese patent CN209706715U discloses a device for measuring the spacing of internal spline bars. It includes an internal expansion sleeve inserted into the internal spline hole of a gear, a tapered hole, and an end-face positioning platform with internal threads. Two measuring bars are mounted opposite each other on the circumference of the internal spline and tangent to the tooth surfaces of the internal spline. An expansion sleeve with a wrench hole at its top, external threads at its bottom, and a tapered shape, is installed inside the internal expansion sleeve and threadedly connected to it. A micrometer screw gauge is clamped between the two measuring bars. This device, with its end-face positioning platform and internally threaded internal expansion sleeve, is widely used in the measurement of the spacing between internal spline bars of gears.

[0005] Chinese patent CN203779141U discloses a rapid and precise positioning hexagonal pyramid-shaped positioning and tensioning structure. The hexagonal pyramid is bolted to a lifting device, and a spring is located on the outside of the pyramid. Six sector-shaped support blocks are connected to the spring, and cylindrical support blocks are located on the outer edges of the sector-shaped support blocks. This structure achieves precise positioning of the workpiece and rapid tensioning and contraction of the pressure plate through force transmission via the hexagonal pyramid and spring contraction.

[0006] In summary, the problems with the existing technology are: the fit between the gauge bar and the expansion sleeve is relatively complex, and it is difficult to solve the technical problems of gear machining. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that the fit between the existing gauge bar and the expansion sleeve is relatively complex and that it is difficult to solve the technical problem of gear machining, and to provide a hexagonal pyramid fixture with integrated gauge bar and expansion sleeve and its machining method.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A hexagonal pyramid clamp integrating a measuring rod expansion sleeve is characterized by comprising a hexagonal pyramid body, a piston, multiple top pins, a pull rod, an expansion sleeve assembly, a support member, and a pressure cap.

[0010] The hexagonal pyramid body includes a cone shaft and a base connected sequentially from top to bottom; the interior of the hexagonal pyramid body is provided with a first movable inner cavity and a second movable inner cavity connected sequentially from top to bottom; the cross-section of the cone shaft is hexagonal, and the outer cone angle of the cone shaft is the first included angle α1; the lower end of the base is provided with an inner stop, and the inner diameter of the inner stop is larger than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity.

[0011] The expansion sleeve assembly is coaxially sleeved on the conical shaft, with the end of the expansion sleeve assembly higher than the upper end of the conical shaft; the inner cone angle of the expansion sleeve assembly is the second included angle α2, and α1=α2; the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the conical shaft is greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the expansion sleeve assembly;

[0012] The support is used to install the workpiece to be processed. The inner diameter of the support is larger than the distance between the two parallel outer walls at the lower end of the expansion sleeve assembly.

[0013] The piston is located in the second movable inner cavity; the gland is located in the inner stop and is used to limit the lower end of the piston. The outer diameter of the gland is larger than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity and the inner diameter of the gland is smaller than the outer diameter of the piston.

[0014] The top pin passes through the hexagonal pyramid body, with its upper end abutting against the lower end of the expansion sleeve assembly and its lower end abutting against the upper end of the piston. The top pin is used to control the relative position of the expansion sleeve assembly and the piston.

[0015] The upper end of the pull rod has a T-shaped structure, and its lower end extends through the first movable inner cavity into the second movable inner cavity and connects to the upper end of the piston. The lower end of the piston is used to connect with the cylinder rod of the external hydraulic cylinder. The external hydraulic cylinder drives the piston, pull rod and expansion sleeve assembly to move up and down along the first movable inner cavity and the second movable inner cavity to loosen or tighten the workpiece to be processed.

[0016] Furthermore, the device also includes a connecting section disposed between the conical shaft and the base; the six-conical shaft is disposed on the connecting section;

[0017] The first movable inner cavity is located in the conical shaft and the connecting section, and extends into the base;

[0018] The second movable inner cavity is located inside the base;

[0019] The inner diameter of the support component matches the outer diameter of the connecting section, and the support component is fitted onto the connecting section.

[0020] Furthermore, the expansion sleeve assembly includes a hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve, three elastic elements, and 2N measuring rods, where N is an integer ≥ 1;

[0021] The hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve is divided into three segments, and three elastic elements are bonded radially between adjacent segments;

[0022] The inner cone angle of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve is the second included angle α2, the distance between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve is B2, and the height H1 of the cone axis is greater than the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve.

[0023] 2N measuring rods are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve.

[0024] Furthermore, the device also includes an anti-rotation component;

[0025] The upper end of the anti-rotation component is connected to the base, and the lower end is inserted into the anti-rotation pin hole of the piston.

[0026] Furthermore, the lower end of the hexagonal pyramid body is also provided with an outer stop, which is used to connect with an external connecting plate;

[0027] The cylinder rod of the external hydraulic cylinder passes through the connecting plate and connects to the lower end of the piston.

[0028] Furthermore, the cross-section at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid body is a regular hexagon;

[0029] The elastic element is a rubber sheet;

[0030] The hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve is made as a single unit with 2N measuring rods.

[0031] Furthermore, the number of measuring rods is four.

[0032] A method for machining the aforementioned hexagonal pyramidal fixture with an integral expansion sleeve for measuring rods is characterized by including the following steps:

[0033] 1. Determine the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft, the outer cone angle of the cone shaft, and the height of the cone shaft, and then machine the cone shaft and the hexagonal pyramid body;

[0034] 2】Determine the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the expansion sleeve assembly, the inner cone angle of the expansion sleeve assembly, and the height of the expansion sleeve assembly. The first included angle is required to be equal to the second included angle, and the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft is greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the expansion sleeve assembly. The height of the cone shaft is greater than the height of the expansion sleeve assembly. Machining the expansion sleeve assembly is then performed.

[0035] 3】In step 1】, the tapered shaft and the hexagonal pyramid body are machined with a first movable inner cavity that matches the outer diameter of the tie rod and a second movable inner cavity that matches the outer diameter of the piston;

[0036] 4. Based on the fact that the outer diameter of the gland is greater than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity and the inner diameter of the gland is smaller than the outer diameter of the piston, process the gland and use the gland to seal the piston in the second movable inner cavity; extend the lower end of the pull rod through the first movable inner cavity into the second movable inner cavity and connect it to the upper end of the piston.

[0037] 5】Based on the fact that the inner diameter of the support is greater than the distance between the two parallel inner walls at the lower end of the expansion sleeve assembly, the support is processed and fitted onto the hexagonal pyramid body. At the same time, multiple top pins are passed through the hexagonal pyramid body, and their lower ends abut against the piston.

[0038] 6】 Place the expansion sleeve assembly obtained in step 2】 on the upper end of the cone shaft, and make the upper end of the top pin abut against the expansion sleeve assembly to control the relative position of the expansion sleeve assembly and the piston;

[0039] 7. Connect the lower end of the piston to the cylinder rod of the external hydraulic cylinder.

[0040] Furthermore, step 2 specifically involves:

[0041] 2.1 Based on the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve, the inner cone angle of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve, and the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve, and α1=α2, the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft is greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve, and the height H1 of the cone shaft is greater than the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve, process the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve;

[0042] 2.2 Integrate the three elastic elements radially into the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve;

[0043] 2.3. Based on the internal spline parameter table of the workpiece, obtain the span distance and diameter of the 2N gauge bars corresponding to the workpiece. Machining 2N gauge bars in the vertical direction on the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve, where N is an integer ≥1.

[0044] Furthermore, the process also includes step 8:

[0045] The hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve and the measuring rod are made as one piece.

[0046] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0047] 1. This invention provides a hexagonal pyramid clamp with an integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rods. The expansion sleeve assembly is coaxially sleeved on a conical shaft, so that there is no relative rotation between the hexagonal pyramid body and the expansion sleeve assembly. The expansion sleeve assembly can only move up and down along the hexagonal pyramid body. Compared with the prior art, which achieves loosening and radial tightening through the reverse tightening of the central bolt and the contraction of the spring, the hexagonal pyramid clamp of this invention, when loosening or tightening the workpiece, controls the piston, pull rod and expansion sleeve assembly to move upward through the hydraulic cylinder to open the workpiece. The pull rod and piston push the top pin and the expansion sleeve assembly to move downward to tighten the workpiece, thus realizing the automatic tightening and loosening of the workpiece.

[0048] 2. The present invention provides a hexagonal pyramid clamp integrating a measuring bar and a sleeve, which integrates three elastic elements on the hexagonal pyramid sleeve, allowing it to be directly positioned on the inner spline pitch circle datum of the workpiece to be processed. At the same time, the taper of the hexagonal pyramid body and the hexagonal pyramid sleeve are precisely matched, avoiding relative rotation between the two and eliminating the need for datum conversion, thus reducing positioning errors and making the positioning of the measuring bar on the tooth groove angle of the workpiece to be processed more accurate.

[0049] 3. The present invention provides a processing method for a hexagonal pyramidal fixture that integrates a measuring rod and a hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve. The measuring rod and the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve are designed as a single unit and processed before cutting. Before cutting, the span distance and positional accuracy of the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve are ensured, and the expansion amount of the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve is increased. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the hexagonal pyramid clamp with integrated measuring rod expansion sleeve of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hexagonal pyramid body in an embodiment of the hexagonal pyramid clamp with integrated measuring rod expansion sleeve of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram of the expansion sleeve assembly in an embodiment of the hexagonal pyramid clamp for integrating the gauge bar and expansion sleeve of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3b This is a cross-sectional view of the expansion sleeve assembly in an embodiment of the hexagonal pyramid clamp integrating the gauge bar and expansion sleeve of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3c This is a schematic diagram of the end of the expansion sleeve assembly in an embodiment of the hexagonal pyramid clamp with integrated expansion sleeve and gauge bar of the present invention.

[0055] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0056] 1-Hexagonal pyramid body, 101-Conical shaft, 102-Connecting section, 103-Base, 104-Inner stop, 105-Outer stop, 106-First movable inner cavity, 107-Second movable inner cavity, 2-Piston, 3-Top pin, 4-Pull rod, 5-Expansion sleeve assembly, 51-Hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve, 52-Elastic element, 53-Measuring bar, 7-Supporting element, 8-Anti-rotation component, 9-Fixing bolt, 11-Workpiece to be processed, 12-Pressure cap, 13-Connecting plate, 14-External hydraulic cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a hexagonal pyramid clamp with an integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rods includes a hexagonal pyramid body 1, a piston 2, multiple top pins 3, a pull rod 4, an expansion sleeve assembly 5, a support member 7, an anti-rotation assembly 8, and a pressure cap 12. The hexagonal pyramid body 1 includes a connecting section 102 and a base 103 connected sequentially from top to bottom. A conical shaft 101 is disposed on the connecting section 102. A first movable inner cavity 106 is disposed in the conical shaft 101 and the connecting section 102, and extends into the base 103. A second movable inner cavity 107 is disposed in the base 103. For ease of operation, the cross-section of the conical shaft 101 is set as a regular hexagon, and the outer cone angle of the conical shaft 101 is a first included angle α1. An inner stop 104 is provided at the lower end of the base 103, and the inner diameter of the inner stop 104 is larger than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity 107.

[0059] The inner hole of the expansion sleeve assembly 5 is adapted to the tapered shaft 101; the inner diameter of the support 7 matches the outer diameter of the connecting section 102, and the support 7 is sleeved on the connecting section 102; the outer cone angle of the tapered shaft 101 is the first included angle α1; the inner stop 104 is provided on the lower end face of the base 103, and the base 103 is connected to the connecting plate 13 by the fixing bolt 9.

[0060] like Figure 3a , 3bAs shown in 3c, the expansion sleeve assembly 5 includes a hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve 51, three elastic elements 52, and four measuring rods 53. In this embodiment, the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve 51 is divided into three segments. The three elastic elements 52 are made of rubber sheets and are radially bonded between adjacent segments. The elastic elements 52 are located on the axis of symmetry of two parallel inner wall surfaces. The inner cone angle of the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve 51 is the second included angle α2, and α1 = α2. The distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft 101 is greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve 51. The height H1 of the cone shaft 101 is greater than the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve 51. The four measuring rods 53 are vertically arranged on the outer wall of the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve 51.

[0061] Support member 7 is used to install workpiece 11. The inner diameter of support member 7 is larger than the distance B2 between the two parallel outer walls at the lower end of hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51. Piston 2 is disposed in the second movable inner cavity 107. Pressure cap 12 is disposed in the inner stop 104 and is used to limit the lower end of piston 2. The outer diameter of pressure cap 12 is larger than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity 107 and the inner diameter of pressure cap 12 is smaller than the outer diameter of piston 2. Top pin 3 passes through hexagonal pyramid body 1, its upper end abuts against expansion sleeve assembly 5, and its lower end abuts against piston 2. The upper ends abut against each other, and the top pin 3 is used to control the relative position of the expansion sleeve assembly 5 and the piston 2; the upper end of the pull rod 4 has a T-shaped structure, and its lower end extends through the first movable inner cavity 106 into the second movable inner cavity 107 and connects with the upper end of the piston 2; the lower end of the piston 2 is used to connect with the cylinder rod of the external hydraulic cylinder 14, and the external hydraulic cylinder 14 drives the piston 2, the pull rod 4 and the expansion sleeve assembly 5 to move up and down along the first movable inner cavity 106 and the second movable inner cavity 107 to loosen or tighten the workpiece 11 to be processed.

[0062] The anti-rotation component 8 uses an anti-rotation pin. The upper end of the anti-rotation component 8 is connected to the base 103, and the lower end is inserted into the anti-rotation pin hole of the piston 2. The lower end of the hexagonal pyramid body 1 is also provided with an outer stop 105, which is used to connect with the external connecting plate 13. The cylinder rod of the external hydraulic cylinder 14 passes through the connecting plate 13 and connects to the lower end of the piston 2.

[0063] This invention discloses a hexagonal pyramidal fixture integrating a measuring rod and a sleeve. For a retarder rotor with an internal spline module of 2 and a minor diameter of φ56mm, its end face has two pin holes. The pin holes are aligned with the center lines of the internal spline teeth and the pin holes. During machining, the hexagonal pyramidal sleeve 51 is typically used to tighten the internal spline teeth to determine the center of the internal spline. Then, the hexagonal pyramidal sleeve 51 is used to align the measuring rod 53 with the tooth groove in the angular direction, ensuring accurate positioning of the measuring rod 53. Ultimately, the positional accuracy of the part is stable, meeting production requirements.

[0064] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a method for processing the above-mentioned hexagonal pyramidal fixture with integrated expansion sleeve and gauge bar, comprising the following steps:

[0065] 1】Determine the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft 101, the first included angle α1 of the outer cone angle of the cone shaft 101, and the height H1 of the cone shaft 101, and machine the cone shaft 101 and the hexagonal pyramid body 1;

[0066] 2】Processing expansion sleeve components 5, specifically:

[0067] 2.1 Based on the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51, the inner cone angle of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51) and the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51, and the first included angle α1=α2, the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft 101 is greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51, and the height H1 of the cone shaft 101 is greater than the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51, process the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51;

[0068] 2.2 The three elastic elements 52 are integrated radially into the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve 51;

[0069] 2.3. Based on the internal spline parameter table of the workpiece 11, obtain the span distance and diameter of the 2N gauge bars 53 corresponding to the workpiece 11. Machining 2N gauge bars 53 in the vertical direction on the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51, where N is an integer ≥1.

[0070] To ensure that the upper end of the tie rod 4 and the cone shaft 101 do not interfere when the tie rod 4 moves downward along the axis of the hexagonal pyramid body 1, the height difference between the ends of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 and the cone shaft 101 is set to 2mm ± 0.5mm. Furthermore, the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft 101 is made greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51.

[0071] First, based on the internal spline parameter table of the workpiece 11, obtain the span distance M (i.e., the distance between two adjacent gauge bars 53), the diameter Dp of the gauge bars 53, and the number of gauge bars 53 corresponding to the four gauge bars 53 of the workpiece 11. The span distance M is the same as the span distance of the workpiece 11, and its tolerance is 1 / 3 to 1 / 5 of the span distance M. The diameter Dp of the gauge bars 53 is the same as the diameter of the gauge bars of the workpiece 11, and its tolerance is ±0.002 to 0.005. Usually, the gauge bars 53 are used in pairs, and their specific number is determined by the designer according to an even number. However, whether they are symmetrically set depends on whether the number of teeth is odd or even. If the number of teeth is even, they are symmetrically distributed; otherwise, they are asymmetrically distributed.

[0072] Secondly, considering the wall thickness of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 and the size of the top pin grooves to be distributed, first determine the circumscribed circle size of the lower end (i.e., the large end) of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51, and then calculate the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 by combining the taper and height; the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 determines the height H1 of the hexagonal pyramid body 1, and the fitting height between the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 and the workpiece 11 to be processed is H2≥2 / 3 the height of the workpiece to be processed. According to the right triangle rule, if the right angle is constant, the smaller the included angle, the smaller the change in the corresponding side length. The change in the right angle is reflected in the workpiece 11 as the tolerance of the span distance M value. The second included angle is reasonably selected according to the tolerance of the span distance M value.

[0073] The three rubber plates and the measuring rod 53 are integrated into the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 to form a whole. The hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 is cut into three pieces, and then the three rubber plates are glued together. The expansion amount of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 depends on the elasticity of the rubber plates. The specific number of pieces to be cut is determined according to the inner diameter of the inner spline of the workpiece 11. The cutting position should avoid the position of the measuring rod 53 to avoid cutting the measuring rod 53.

[0074] The hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 is also designed with multiple top pin grooves to limit the position of the top pin 3 on the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51. The top pin grooves should correspond to the number and position of the top pin holes on the hexagonal pyramid body 1. The number of top pin grooves is determined according to the number of cutting segments, and there should be one top pin groove on each segment.

[0075] 3】In the hexagonal pyramid body 1 obtained in step 1】, a first movable inner cavity 106 adapted to the outer diameter of the pull rod 4 and a second movable inner cavity 107 adapted to the outer diameter of the piston 2 are machined.

[0076] The diameter of the first movable inner cavity 106 is consistent with the nominal outer diameter of the pull rod 4, and is determined according to the H7 / g6 fit. While ensuring sufficient guide height for the pull rod 4 to move up and down, the machining area of ​​the first movable inner cavity 106 is minimized as much as possible. The diameter of the second movable inner cavity 107 is consistent with the nominal outer diameter of the piston 2, and is determined according to the H7 / g6 fit. The height of the second movable inner cavity 107 must be greater than the height of the piston 2 to ensure that when the workpiece 11 is under tension, there is a 2-4 mm gap between the upper end face of the piston 2 and the second movable inner cavity 107. Similarly, when the workpiece 11 is under release, there is also a 2-4 mm gap between the lower end face of the piston 2 and the second movable inner cavity 107.

[0077] 4. Based on the fact that the outer diameter of the pressure cap 12 is larger than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity 107 and the inner diameter of the pressure cap 12 is smaller than the outer diameter of the piston 2, the pressure cap 12 is processed and used to seal the piston 2 in the second movable inner cavity 107; the lower end of the pull rod 4 passes through the first movable inner cavity 106 and extends into the second movable inner cavity 107 to connect with the upper end of the piston 2; the function of the pressure cap 12 is to seal the piston 2 in the second movable inner cavity 107 to prevent it from falling off, and the diameter of the pressure cap 12 can be smaller than the diameter of the inner stop 104 of the base 103.

[0078] 5. Based on the fact that the inner diameter of the support 7 is greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51, the support 7 is processed and fitted onto the hexagonal pyramid body 1. At the same time, the top pin 3 passes through the top pin hole of the hexagonal pyramid body 1, and its lower end abuts against the piston 2. The main function of the support 7 is to position the lower end face of the workpiece 11 to be processed. Therefore, its upper end face and lower end face must be parallel. The inner diameter of the support 7 is greater than the distance between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the expansion sleeve assembly 5. Its height depends on the fact that when the workpiece 11 is tightened, the contact surface between the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 and the workpiece 11 is more than 2 / 3.

[0079] 6】The expansion sleeve assembly 5 obtained in step 2】is placed on the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid body 1, and the upper end of the top pin 3 is made to abut against the expansion sleeve assembly 5 to control the relative position of the expansion sleeve assembly 5 and the piston 2. The top pin 3 is mainly used to push the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 upward, thereby releasing the workpiece 11 to be processed. The four top pins 3 need to be ground to the same height after assembly to prevent the end face of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 from being twisted due to the different heights of the top pins 3. The outer diameter of the top pin 3 and the top pin groove on the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 are fitted with an H7 / g6 clearance to facilitate the up and down movement of the top pin 3.

[0080] 7. Connect the lower end of piston 2 to the cylinder rod of external hydraulic cylinder 14, and put the workpiece 11 to be processed on the expansion sleeve assembly 5. Use external hydraulic cylinder 14 to drive piston 2, pull rod 4 and expansion sleeve assembly 5 to move up and down along the axial direction of hexagonal pyramid body 1 to loosen or tighten the workpiece 11 to be processed.

[0081] The piston 2 is connected to the hydraulic base 103 of the external hydraulic cylinder 14 via a threaded connection. The thread size is determined according to the predetermined connector. The piston 2 is provided with an anti-rotation pin hole, the diameter of which should be larger than the outer diameter of the anti-rotation pin, so that the piston 2 can move up and down along the anti-rotation pin. The contact surface between the piston 2 and the top pin 3 should have runout requirements on the outer circle of the piston 2 to prevent the top pin 3 from skewing due to movement. The threaded connection between the tie rod 4 and the piston 2 can be determined as needed, but factors such as rigidity and tension should be considered.

[0082] Step 8: The hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve 51 and the measuring rod 53 are integrally manufactured.

[0083] In this embodiment, a standard part is designed to facilitate rapid calibration. The appearance of the standard part is simplified. The reference A, B, C and internal spline parameters of the standard part are designed completely according to the workpiece 11 to be processed. Reference A is the pitch circle diameter of the internal spline, reference B is the lower end face of the standard part, and reference C is the line connecting one of the tooth grooves of the standard part and the center of the internal spline. The pin hole diameter φd of the standard part can be increased to facilitate calibration. Its tolerance is designed according to H7. The included angle between the pin hole diameter and reference C and the diameter φD of the circle where the pin hole center is located must be consistent with the drawing of the workpiece 11 to be processed. The positional degree φX of the pin hole relative to references A, B, and C is designed according to 1 / 3 to 1 / 10 of the pin hole positional degree of the standard part. The positioning end face and outer circle φd1 of the standard part need to have runout and coaxiality requirements relative to reference A, respectively. The advantage of designing the standard part as described above is that it can not only verify the accuracy of the hexagonal pyramid fixture with integrated gauge bar and sleeve of the present invention, but also realize the direct processing of the workpiece 11 after calibrating the fixture on the processing equipment.

Claims

1. A hexagonal pyramid clamp integrating a measuring rod expansion sleeve, characterized in that: It includes a hexagonal pyramid body (1), a piston (2), multiple top pins (3), a tie rod (4), an expansion sleeve assembly (5), a support (7), and a pressure cap (12); The hexagonal pyramid body (1) includes a conical shaft (101) and a base (103) connected sequentially from top to bottom; the hexagonal pyramid body (1) has a first movable inner cavity (106) and a second movable inner cavity (107) connected sequentially from top to bottom; the cross-section of the conical shaft (101) is hexagonal, and the outer cone angle of the conical shaft (101) is a first included angle. The lower end of the base (103) is provided with an inner stop (104), the inner diameter of which is larger than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity (107). The expansion sleeve assembly (5) is coaxially sleeved on the conical shaft (101), and the end of the expansion sleeve assembly (5) is higher than the upper end of the conical shaft (101); the expansion sleeve assembly (5) includes a hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve (51), three elastic elements (52) and 2N measuring rods (53), where N is an integer ≥1; the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve (51) is divided into three segments, and the three elastic elements (52) are radially bonded between adjacent segments; the inner cone angle of the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve (51) is the second included angle. ,and = The distance between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51) is B2. The distance between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft (101) is B1, which is greater than the distance between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51). The height H1 of the cone shaft (101) is greater than the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51). 2N measuring rods (53) are set vertically on the outer wall of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51). The support member (7) is used to install the workpiece to be processed (11), and the inner diameter of the support member (7) is greater than the distance between the two parallel outer walls at the lower end of the expansion sleeve assembly (5); The piston (2) is disposed in the second movable inner cavity (107); the pressure cap (12) is disposed in the inner stop (104) and is used to limit the lower end of the piston (2). The outer diameter of the pressure cap (12) is larger than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity (107) and the inner diameter of the pressure cap (12) is smaller than the outer diameter of the piston (2). The top pin (3) passes through the hexagonal pyramid body (1), its upper end abuts against the lower end of the expansion sleeve assembly (5), and its lower end abuts against the upper end of the piston (2). The top pin (3) is used to control the relative position of the expansion sleeve assembly (5) and the piston (2). The upper end of the pull rod (4) is a T-shaped structure, and its lower end extends through the first movable inner cavity (106) into the second movable inner cavity (107) and is connected to the upper end of the piston (2). The lower end of the piston (2) is used to connect with the cylinder rod of the external hydraulic cylinder (14). The external hydraulic cylinder (14) drives the piston (2), pull rod (4) and expansion sleeve assembly (5) to move up and down along the first movable inner cavity (106) and the second movable inner cavity (107) to loosen or tighten the workpiece (11) to be processed.

2. The hexagonal pyramid clamp with integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rod as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a connecting section (102) disposed between the conical shaft (101) and the base (103); The tapered shaft (101) is disposed on the connecting section (102); The first movable inner cavity (106) is disposed within the conical shaft (101) and the connecting section (102), and extends into the base (103); The second movable inner cavity (107) is disposed in the base (103); The inner diameter of the support member (7) matches the outer diameter of the connecting section (102), and the support member (7) is sleeved on the connecting section (102).

3. The hexagonal pyramid clamp with integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rod as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes anti-rotation components (8); The upper end of the anti-rotation component (8) is connected to the base (103), and the lower end is inserted into the anti-rotation pin hole of the piston (2).

4. The hexagonal pyramid clamp with integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rod as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the hexagonal pyramid body (1) is also provided with an outer stop (105), which is used to connect with the external connecting plate (13); The cylinder rod of the external hydraulic cylinder (14) passes through the connecting plate (13) and is connected to the lower end of the piston (2).

5. The hexagonal pyramid clamp with integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rods according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper cross section of the hexagonal pyramid body (1) is a regular hexagon; The elastic element (52) is a rubber sheet; The hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve (51) and the 2N measuring rods (53) are made as a single unit.

6. The hexagonal pyramid clamp with integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rods according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of the measuring rods (53) is four.

7. A method for processing a hexagonal pyramidal fixture with an integral expansion sleeve for a gauge bar as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 1】Determine the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft (101), the outer cone angle of the cone shaft (101), and the height of the cone shaft (101), and machine the cone shaft (101) and the hexagonal pyramid body (1); 2】Determine the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the expansion sleeve assembly (5), the inner cone angle of the expansion sleeve assembly (5), and the height of the expansion sleeve assembly (5). The first included angle is required to be equal to the second included angle, and the distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft (101) is greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the expansion sleeve assembly (5). The height of the cone shaft (101) is greater than the height of the expansion sleeve assembly (5). Machining the expansion sleeve assembly (5) is required. 3】The cone shaft (101) obtained in step 1】and the hexagonal pyramid body (1) are machined with a first movable inner cavity (106) that matches the outer diameter of the tie rod (4) and a second movable inner cavity (107) that matches the outer diameter of the piston (2); 4. Based on the fact that the outer diameter of the pressure cap (12) is greater than the inner diameter of the second movable inner cavity (107) and the inner diameter of the pressure cap (12) is smaller than the outer diameter of the piston (2), the pressure cap (12) is processed, and the piston (2) is sealed in the second movable inner cavity (107) using the pressure cap (12); the lower end of the pull rod (4) is passed through the first movable inner cavity (106) and extended into the second movable inner cavity (107) to connect with the upper end of the piston (2); 5】Based on the fact that the inner diameter of the support member (7) is greater than the distance between the two parallel inner walls at the lower end of the expansion sleeve assembly (5), the support member (7) is processed and the support member (7) is sleeved on the hexagonal pyramid body (1). At the same time, multiple top pins (3) are passed through the hexagonal pyramid body (1) and their lower ends abut against the piston (2). 6】 Place the expansion sleeve assembly (5) obtained in step 2】 on the upper end of the cone shaft (101), and make the upper end of the top pin (3) abut against the expansion sleeve assembly (5) to control the relative position of the expansion sleeve assembly (5) and the piston (2); 7】Connect the lower end of the piston (2) to the cylinder rod of the external hydraulic cylinder (14).

8. The processing method of the hexagonal pyramid fixture with integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rod according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step 2 is as follows: 2.

1. Based on the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51), the inner cone angle of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51), and the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51), and = The distance B1 between the two parallel outer walls at the upper end of the cone shaft (101) is greater than the distance B2 between the two parallel inner walls at the upper end of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51), and the height H1 of the cone shaft (101) is greater than the height H2 of the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51). The hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51) is machined. 2.2 Integrate the three elastic elements (52) radially into the hexagonal pyramidal expansion sleeve (51); 2.

3. According to the internal spline parameter table of the workpiece (11), obtain the span distance and diameter of the 2N gauge bars (53) corresponding to the workpiece (11). Then, process 2N gauge bars (53) in the vertical direction on the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51), where N is an integer ≥1.

9. The processing method of a hexagonal pyramid fixture with an integrated expansion sleeve for measuring rods according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes step 8, in which the hexagonal pyramid expansion sleeve (51) and the measuring rod (53) are integrally formed.

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