A method for producing high current density prebaked anodes for aluminum and a feeding device

Abstract

This invention proposes a production method and feeding equipment for high current density prebaked anodes for aluminum, relating to the field of carbon technology. Due to the addition of graphite powder, the prebaked anode exhibits better resistivity, density, and strength than calcined coke, resulting in a significant improvement in both the appearance and physicochemical properties of the prepared anode material. The control component, based on the airflow into the conveying pipe, ensures that graphite powder in the corresponding chamber is discharged into the conveying pipe at a controlled rate, facilitating operator control of the graphite powder addition rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon technology, and more specifically, to a method for producing prebaked anodes for high current density aluminum and a feeding device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the industrial production of metallic aluminum has always employed electrolysis, which involves an electrochemical reaction within an electrolytic cell to produce metallic aluminum. The prebaked anode is the core component of the prebaked electrolytic cell, primarily serving a conductive function and being continuously consumed during the aluminum electrolysis process. Prebaked anodes are generally manufactured through the following processes: calcination, forming, and baking. The forming process is crucial, as its quality directly impacts the quality of the prebaked anode. The forming process comprises systems for crushing, screening, grinding, batching, mixing, vibration molding, and dust collection. The material entering the forming process is crushed and then screened. A portion of the screened material is distributed to different batching bins based on particle size. The other portion enters the grinding system, where it is ground into a relatively stable powder and then sent to the powder silo. However, the quality of prebaked aluminum anodes produced using existing processes is unstable, resulting in substandard performance. The resistivity, density, and strength of the produced anodes fluctuate significantly, leading to a high scrap rate. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a production method and feeding equipment for prebaked anodes for high current density aluminum, which addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies and solves the problems mentioned in the background.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] This invention provides a method for producing prebaked anodes for high current density aluminum, wherein calcined petroleum coke is crushed, screened, and ground into powder by a ball mill to obtain four materials: coarse coke, medium coke, fine coke, and powder.

[0006] After medium crushing and screening, the residual anode material and waste lumps are separated into two types of materials: coarse residue and fine residue. The process includes the following steps:

[0007] Graphite powder is added to the pre-calcined coke powder and dust-collecting powder during the grinding process in a ball mill to form a mixed powder.

[0008] The coarse coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 6-8 mm; the medium coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 3-6 mm; the fine coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 0.5-3 mm; the mixed powder batching bin contains mixed powder with a particle size of less than 200 mesh; the coarse residue batching bin contains coarse residue with a particle size of 6-12 mm; and the fine residue batching bin contains fine residue with a particle size of 3-6 mm. The dry materials are batched according to the process requirements.

[0009] After the dry materials are batched, the materials are weighed by the batching scale and sent to the collecting screw conveyor. Then, they are conveyed by the bucket elevator into the preheating screw conveyor for preheating and then into the mixing machine.

[0010] After being metered, the liquid asphalt is pumped into a mixer and mixed with dry materials to form a paste.

[0011] The paste is fed into a molding machine after being subjected to strong cooling to produce shaped carbon blocks, which are then cooled with cooling water.

[0012] The cooled shaped charcoal blocks are then fed into a roasting furnace and heated until the pitch inside is converted into coke, thus forming a solid and uniform whole.

[0013] A high current density aluminum prebaked anode feeding device includes multiple chambers and an air supply device. Each chamber is equipped with a conveying pipe connected to the air supply device. A valve body is provided at the connection between the conveying pipe and the air supply device. A control component for controlling the material discharge rate is provided between the chamber and the conveying pipe. The conveying pipe is partially embedded in the chamber of the ball mill equipment. A diversion component for diverting material is provided at the free end of the conveying pipe.

[0014] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the control component includes a baffle installed in the hopper, a plurality of discharge ports are provided around the baffle, a rotating shaft is provided on the baffle, a mounting plate is sleeved on the rotating shaft, a plurality of shielding plates for shielding the discharge ports are provided around the outer circumferential wall of the mounting plate, a limiting spring that abuts against the mounting plate is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a displacement component for controlling the rotation of the shielding plates is provided on the rotating shaft.

[0015] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the displacement assembly includes a displacement plate sleeved on a rotating shaft, a plurality of fan blades surrounding the side of the displacement plate away from the shielding plate, and the plurality of fan blades are inclinedly arranged on the shielding plate; a plurality of first ratchet teeth are surrounding the side wall of the displacement plate opposite to the shielding plate, and a plurality of second ratchet teeth that mesh with the first ratchet teeth are provided on the side wall of the shielding plate opposite to the displacement plate.

[0016] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a mounting post is provided through the baffle, and a spiral blade is provided on the mounting post and embedded in the chamber. The outer edge of the spiral blade abuts against the inner wall of the chamber, and the mounting post is connected to the mounting plate.

[0017] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the diversion assembly includes a plurality of first discharge pipes arranged around the outer wall of the conveying pipe, each of the first discharge pipes having a flexible pipe at its free end, each of the flexible pipes having a second discharge pipe at its free end, a displacement rod passing through the conveying pipe, a plurality of push rods respectively connected to the second discharge pipes being hinged to the extension end of the displacement rod, and a push plate being provided at the end of the displacement rod placed inside the conveying pipe.

[0018] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a turbine is rotatably provided on the push plate, and an oscillating component is provided on the outer surface of the conveying pipe to prevent material from accumulating in the conveying pipe. The oscillating component is connected to the turbine in a drive connection.

[0019] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a conical spring is sleeved on the push rod.

[0020] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the oscillation assembly includes a spiral guide groove on the outer wall of the conveying pipe, a winding reel sleeved on the outer surface of the conveying pipe, a traction rope wound on the winding reel, a plurality of sliders passing through the traction rope, the sliders being slidably disposed in the spiral guide groove, and a return spring being provided between any two adjacent sliders, a plurality of first magnetic poles being arranged around the turbine, and a plurality of second magnetic poles being arranged on the winding reel that are magnetically attracted to the first magnetic poles.

[0021] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a plurality of mounting grooves are provided on the bottom of the spiral guide groove, and an arched metal spring is slidably disposed in the mounting groove.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0023] Effectively increases the density of prebaked anodes for aluminum electrolysis; the average apparent density of prebaked anodes is:

[0024] The density is 1.564 g / cm³, and the average true density is 2.067 g / cm³.

[0025] The addition of graphite powder improves the resistivity, density, and strength of the anode material compared to calcined coke, resulting in a significant improvement in both appearance and physicochemical properties. The average resistivity is 54.63 μΩ·m, which is lower than the industry standard requirement of 57.00 μΩ·m for first-grade products, thus enhancing the quality of prebaked aluminum electrolysis anodes.

[0026] The control component determines the amount of graphite powder in the chamber and discharges it into the conveying pipe at a certain rate based on the air volume entering the conveying pipe, making it easier for operators to control the graphite powder addition rate.

[0027] The displacement component rotates on the rotating shaft under the blowing of the high-pressure airflow, thereby driving the mounting plate to make a circular motion on the rotating shaft. At this time, the discharge port on the baffle is periodically opened, and the material is smoothly discharged from the discharge port. During the circular motion of the high-speed rotating mounting plate and the baffle plate relative to the baffle, the material is crushed by the shearing force generated by the relative motion of the two, which prevents the material from forming clumps. Then, the material is transported to the chamber of the ball mill equipment along the conveying pipeline under the drive of the high-pressure airflow.

[0028] The first discharge pipe, which is inclined and set on the conveying pipeline, can guide the material being conveyed by the high-pressure airflow to be sprayed out separately and then move in a certain direction before impacting each other, thereby improving the dispersion of the material and thus reducing the grinding burden on the ball mill equipment; improving grinding efficiency and grinding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the feeding device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the combined silo body and conveying pipeline of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the control component in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the oscillation component in this invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the current splitter component in this invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the first and second magnetic poles in the invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the conveying pipeline in this invention.

[0038] Icons: 1. Gas supply equipment; 2. Chamber; 3. Valve body; 4. Conveying pipeline; 5. Ball mill equipment; 6. Spiral blade; 7. Mounting column; 8. Fan blade; 9. Baffle; 10. Shielding plate; 11. Mounting plate; 12. Displacement plate; 13. Second ratchet; 14. First ratchet; 15. Rotating shaft; 16. Return spring; 17. Slider; 18. Winding reel; 19. Traction rope; 20. Metal spring; 21. Spiral guide groove; 22. Mounting seat; 23. Turbine; 24. Push plate; 25. Displacement rod; 26. First discharge pipe; 27. Flexible pipe; 28. Second discharge pipe; 29. ​​Push rod; 30. First magnetic pole; 31. Second magnetic pole; 32. Top rod; 33. Displacement spring; 34. Limit spring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1-8 As shown.

[0043] This invention provides a method for producing prebaked anodes for high current density aluminum, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, calcined petroleum coke is pulverized by medium crushing and screening and then by ball milling to obtain four types of materials: coarse coke, medium coke, fine coke, and powder.

[0044] After medium crushing and screening, the residual anode material and waste lumps are separated into two types of materials: coarse residue and fine residue. The process includes the following steps:

[0045] Graphite powder is added to the pre-calcined coke powder and dust-collecting powder during the grinding process in a ball mill to form a mixed powder.

[0046] The coarse coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 6-8 mm; the medium coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 3-6 mm; the fine coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 0.5-3 mm; the mixed powder batching bin contains mixed powder with a particle size of less than 200 mesh; the coarse residue batching bin contains coarse residue with a particle size of 6-12 mm; and the fine residue batching bin contains fine residue with a particle size of 3-6 mm. The dry materials are batched according to the process requirements.

[0047] After the dry materials are batched, the materials are weighed by the batching scale and sent to the collecting screw conveyor. Then, they are conveyed by the bucket elevator into the preheating screw conveyor for preheating and then into the mixing machine.

[0048] After being metered, the liquid asphalt is pumped into a mixer and mixed with dry materials to form a paste.

[0049] The paste is fed into a molding machine after being subjected to strong cooling to produce shaped carbon blocks, which are then cooled with cooling water.

[0050] The cooled shaped charcoal blocks are then fed into a roasting furnace and heated until the pitch inside is converted into coke, thus forming a solid and uniform whole.

[0051] The formula for prebaked anode production materials is as follows: In the dry material batch, the total amount of coarse coke, medium coke, fine coke and powder accounts for about 68.31% of the total dry material weight, the total amount of coarse residue and fine residue accounts for about 14.41% of the total dry material weight, graphite powder accounts for 1.69% of the total dry material weight, powder accounts for 0.34% of the total dry material weight, and asphalt accounts for 15.25% of the total dry material weight.

[0052] When the ball mill system is started to prepare powder, the ball mill capacity is set to 30t / h. The amount of graphite powder to be added to the ball mill can be calculated from the batching table. The graphite powder is added at a rate of 33.4kg / min to prepare a mixed powder with a certain proportion, which is then stored in the powder silo for later use. The dry material with a particle size of 6-12mm accounts for 20±2% of the total dry material weight, the dry material with a particle size of 3-6mm accounts for 16±2%, the dry material with a particle size of 0.5-3mm accounts for 22±2%, the dry material with a particle size of 0.075-0.5mm accounts for 22±2%, and the powder with a particle size below -200 mesh accounts for 20±2%. The calcination heating rate is controlled in a 32-hour cycle, and the final calcination temperature is 1170℃. The asphalt is modified asphalt.

[0053] The use of graphite powder increases the carbon content of the anode shaft, as graphitization can fix up to 99% of the carbon. The fixed carbon content of calcined coke is 80-87%. Sulfur content: graphite powder generally ranges from 0.03-0.06%, with 0.05% being more common; calcined petroleum coke is generally around 0.5%. Compared to calcined coke, it has a higher degree of graphitization, lower electrical resistance, and relatively less ash.

[0054] The production of prebaked anodes for high current density aluminum also includes crushers, screening machines, electromagnetic iron separators, electromagnetic vibrating feeders, collecting screws, ball mills, bucket elevators, preheating screws, kneaders, high-intensity coolers, vibration molding machines, calcining furnaces, and various conveyors. Existing technology and equipment can be used for the transport of materials other than graphite powder and for the generation of anodes.

[0055] A high current density aluminum prebaked anode feeding device includes multiple chambers 2 and an air supply device 1. Each chamber 2 is equipped with a conveying pipe 4 connected to the air supply device 1. A valve body 3 is provided at the connection between the conveying pipe 4 and the air supply device 1. A control component for controlling the material discharge rate is provided between the chamber 2 and the conveying pipe 4. The conveying pipe 4 is partially embedded in the chamber of a ball mill 5. A diversion component for diverting materials is provided at the free end of the conveying pipe 4. The feeding device in this technical solution is mainly used to continuously and quantitatively add a corresponding amount of graphite powder into the ball mill 5 during the production of mixed powder for high current density aluminum prebaked anodes. This prevents the graphite powder content in the mixed powder from being insufficient, which would result in the anodes produced subsequently failing to meet usage requirements. To solve the above problem, the inventors designed a conveying device for graphite powder based on the principle of pneumatic conveying. The air supply device 1 is a commonly used air supply device in pneumatic conveying technology. At least two chambers 2 are provided for storing graphite powder separately. The two chambers 2 are conveyed to the chambers of the ball mill 5 through two conveying pipes 4, ensuring that the graphite powder is continuously and quantitatively added into the ball mill 5. The toners do not interfere with each other during the conveying process; a valve body 3 is provided at the connection between the conveying pipe 4 and the air supply device 1. The valve body 3 is a solenoid valve, which can control the air intake of the air supply device 1 into the conveying pipe 4 through the PLC controller, thereby controlling the conveying rate of the graphite powder; the control component makes the graphite powder in the chamber 2 enter the conveying pipe 4 in a certain amount from the corresponding chamber 2 at a certain discharge speed according to the air intake into the conveying pipe 4, so that the operator can control the addition rate of graphite powder; the diversion component provided on the free end of the conveying pipe 4 can make the material dispersedly sprayed in the chamber of the ball mill equipment 5, reducing the grinding load of the ball mill equipment 5; improving grinding efficiency and grinding quality.

[0056] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the specific structure of the control component includes a baffle 9 installed inside the bin 2 and adapted to the cross-section of the outlet of the bin 2. The cross-section of the baffle 9 is preferably circular. Multiple rectangular or circular discharge ports are arranged around the baffle 9. A rotating shaft 15 is connected to a mounting hole on the bottom of the baffle 9 by thread or welding. A mounting plate 11 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 15 using a bushing. Multiple shielding plates 10 for shielding the discharge ports are arranged around the outer circumferential wall of the mounting plate 11. The shielding plates 10 and the baffle 9 are made of materials with a low coefficient of friction to avoid excessive friction when they come into contact, which could affect the normal operation of the equipment. A limiting spring 34 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 15 and abuts against the mounting plate 11. The limiting spring 34 applies a pressure to the mounting plate 11. An upward thrust along the vertical direction causes it to contact the baffle 9, which serves as a dynamic seal. The rotating shaft 15 is equipped with a displacement component that controls the rotation of the shielding plate 10. The power source for the displacement component is the high-pressure airflow entering the conveying pipe 4. When the displacement component rotates on the rotating shaft 15 under the blowing of the high-pressure airflow, it drives the mounting plate 11 to make a circular motion on the rotating shaft 15. At this time, the discharge port on the baffle 9 is periodically opened, and the material is smoothly discharged from the discharge port. During the circular motion of the high-speed rotating mounting plate 11 and the shielding plate 10 relative to the baffle 9, the shearing force generated by the relative motion of the two breaks the material into clumps, preventing the material from clumping. Then, the material is conveyed to the chamber of the ball mill equipment 5 along the conveying pipe 4 under the drive of the high-pressure airflow.

[0057] Preferably, the middle part of the limiting spring 34 is fixed on the rotating shaft 15, and the two ends of the limiting spring 34 can be freely compressed.

[0058] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the specific structure of the displacement assembly includes a displacement plate 12 sleeved on a rotating shaft 15 via a bushing. The displacement plate 12 can move along the axis of the rotating shaft 15. A plurality of fan blades 8 are arranged around the side of the displacement plate 12 away from the shielding plate 10, and the plurality of fan blades 8 are all inclinedly arranged on the shielding plate 10. When the high-pressure airflow enters the connection between the chamber 2 and the conveying pipe 4, the airflow can apply a vertical lifting force to the displacement plate 12, and at the same time apply a rotational force to the mounting plate 11 with a plurality of fan blades 8, so that the mounting plate 11 will make a circular motion on the rotating shaft 15; and a plurality of fan blades 8 are arranged around the side wall opposite to the mounting plate 11. The first ratchet 14 and the mounting plate 11 and the displacement plate 12 are provided with multiple second ratchet teeth 13 that mesh with the first ratchet 14. Due to the high-pressure airflow, the displacement plate 12 moves towards the mounting plate 11 on the rotating shaft 15. After moving a certain distance, the first ratchet 14 and the second ratchet teeth 13 mesh with each other. At this moment, the mounting plate 11 and the displacement plate 12 become a whole, ensuring that after the mounting plate 11 and the displacement plate 12 mesh, the displacement plate 12 is driven to make synchronous circular motion. As a result, the discharge port on the baffle 9 is opened periodically, and the material is smoothly discharged from the discharge port. Under the drive of the high-pressure airflow, the material is transported along the conveying pipe 4 to the chamber of the ball mill equipment 5.

[0059] In some technical solutions of the present invention, a cylindrical mounting column 7 is provided on the baffle 9, and a spiral blade 6 is provided on the mounting column 7 embedded in the hopper 2. The outer edge of the spiral blade 6 abuts against the inner wall of the hopper 2. In this way, the spiral blade 6 can stir the material accumulated in the hopper 2 and discharge it from the discharge port, so as to avoid gaps in the material during the transmission process, which would cause discontinuity in the output material and affect the quality of the material mixing. The mounting column 7 and the mounting plate 11 are fixedly connected by welding.

[0060] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the specific structure of the diversion component includes a plurality of first discharge pipes 26 arranged around the end of the free end of the conveying pipe 4. The plurality of first discharge pipes 26 are inclinedly arranged at the end of the conveying pipe 4, and the included angle between them is an acute angle. In this way, the second discharge pipe can move relative to the first discharge pipe 26, so that the second pipe has a large movement space in the space, thereby spraying the material in a scattering manner into the chamber of the ball mill equipment 5. Furthermore, the first discharge pipes 26 inclinedly arranged on the conveying pipe 4 can guide the material conveyed by the high-pressure airflow to be sprayed out separately and then move in a certain direction before impacting each other, thereby improving the dispersion of the material and thus reducing the grinding burden of the ball mill equipment 5; improving grinding efficiency and grinding quality.

[0061] Furthermore, the free end of the conveying pipe is closed. Each of the 26 first discharge pipes is equipped with a flexible pipe 27, and each of the flexible pipes 27 is equipped with a second discharge pipe 28. A displacement rod 25 is installed inside the conveying pipe 4. Multiple push rods 29, which are connected to the second discharge pipes 28 respectively, are hinged to the extension end of the displacement rod 25. A push plate 24 is provided at the end of the displacement rod 25 placed inside the conveying pipe 4. This structure can use high-pressure gas to drive the material to impact the push plate 24, pushing the displacement rod 25 to gradually move out of the conveying pipe 4. The displacement rod 25 will force the included angle of the push rod 29 to gradually increase, thereby expanding the second discharge pipe 28 connected to the push rod 29 outward, so that the material is sprayed into the chamber of the ball mill equipment 5 in a scattering manner.

[0062] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the outer surface of the conveying pipe 4 is provided with a vibrating component for preventing material from accumulating inside the conveying pipe 4. The vibrating component strikes the outer wall of the conveying pipe 4, causing some of the powder adhering to the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4 to detach from contact with the conveying pipe 4, thereby cleaning the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4.

[0063] In some technical solutions of this invention, a conical spring is sleeved on the push rod 29. When the high-pressure gas drives the material to impact the push plate 24, pushing the displacement rod 25 to gradually move out of the conveying pipe 4, the push plate 24 will squeeze the conical spring, and the conical spring will contract against each other. Due to the uneven force of the airflow blowing on the push plate 24, the conical spring will undergo non-directional compression, which can shear and crush the powder passing through it, preventing the powder from clumping and adhering to the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4. It can also use the elastic potential energy generated to impact the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4, which can clean the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4.

[0064] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the oscillation assembly includes a spiral guide groove 21 with openings on the outer wall of the conveying pipe 4, a turbine 23 rotatably mounted on the push plate 24, a winding reel 18 sleeved on the outer surface of the conveying pipe 4, a traction rope 19 wound on the winding reel 18, a plurality of sliders 17 passing through the traction rope 19, all sliders 17 being slidably disposed within the spiral guide groove 21, and a return spring 16 being provided between any two adjacent sliders 17, a plurality of first magnetic poles 30 being arranged around the turbine 23, and a plurality of second magnetic poles 31 being arranged on the winding reel 18 that are magnetically repelled by the first magnetic poles 30.

[0065] Preferably, the first magnetic pole 30 is disposed within the inclined blades of the turbine 23, and the second magnetic pole 31 is also disposed accordingly within the winding reel 18. Both the turbine 23 and the winding reel 18 are made of plastic. When the high-pressure gas drives the material to impact the push plate 24 and blows the turbine 23 to rotate within the conveying pipe 4, the first magnetic pole 30 will exert a reaction force on the second magnetic pole 31, forcing the winding reel 18 to rotate in the opposite direction to the turbine 23. At this time, the winding reel 18 will gradually wind the traction rope 19 back into the reel, and force the slider 17, which is slidably disposed on the traction rope 19, to slide within the spiral guide groove 21. The slider 17 will compress the return spring 16; when the elastic force applied by the return spring 16 to the slider 17 is greater than the reaction force applied by the first magnetic pole 30 to the second magnetic pole 31, the return spring 16 will push the slider 17 to gradually return to the initial position. At this time, the traction rope 19 will gradually retract from the winding reel 18 under the traction of the slider 17; thus, the slider 17 will generate vibration by rubbing against the bottom of the spiral guide groove 21, which will knock on the outer wall of the conveying pipe 4, causing some of the powder adhering to the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4 to detach from the contact with the conveying pipe 4, thereby cleaning the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4.

[0066] When the elastic force exerted by the return spring 16 on the slider 17 is less than the reaction force exerted by the first magnetic pole 30 on the second magnetic pole 31, the winding reel 18 will continue to rotate, continuing to pull the traction rope 19 to gradually wind back into the reel and force the slider 17, which is slidably set on the traction rope 19, to slide in the spiral guide groove 21. At this time, the slider 17 will squeeze the return spring 16, repeating the above steps, and periodically rubbing and vibrating the conveying pipe 4 to prevent materials from adhering to the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4, avoiding frequent cleaning and maintenance in the later stage, improving the service life of the equipment, extending the maintenance period, and saving costs.

[0067] Preferably, a circular cross-section mounting base 22 is also installed on the conveying pipe 4, and a conical winding reel 18 is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 22. Multiple through holes are obliquely opened in the mounting base 22, and a second magnetic pole 31 is slidably mounted in the through holes. A push rod 32 connected to the second magnetic pole 31 is slidably mounted in the through holes. An inclined surface is opened on the free end of the push rod 32, and a displacement spring 33 is sleeved on the push rod 32 to limit the movement of the push rod 32. When the high-pressure gas drives the material to impact the push plate 24 and blows the turbine 23 to rotate in the conveying pipe 4, the first magnetic pole 30 will apply a reaction force to the second magnetic pole 31. At this time, the second magnetic pole 31 will push the push rod 32 to gradually extend out of the through hole and apply an oblique thrust to the winding reel 18, thereby forcing the winding reel 18 to make a circular motion relative to the conveying pipe 4. The traction rope 19 gradually winds back into the winding reel 18 and forces the slider 17 slidably mounted on the traction rope 19 to slide in the spiral guide groove 21.

[0068] Furthermore, spirally distributed protrusions are provided on the surface of the winding reel 18. These protrusions can increase the friction between the winding reel 18 and the traction rope 19, ensuring the traction effect.

[0069] In some technical solutions of the present invention, the bottom of the spiral guide groove 21 is provided with multiple mounting grooves, and an arched metal spring 20 is slidably disposed in the mounting groove. When the slider 17 presses the metal spring 20, the metal spring 20 gradually moves towards the bottom of the mounting groove under the pressure of the slider 17; when the slider 17 stops pressing the metal spring 20, the metal spring 20 releases its stored elastic potential energy, and it vibrates up and down in the mounting groove, gradually impacting the bottom of the spiral guide groove 21, thereby increasing the ability of the slider 17 to generate amplitude at the bottom of the spiral guide groove 21, and improving the cleaning effect of the structure on the inner wall of the conveying pipe 4 for materials adhering to it.

[0070] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prebaked anode feeding device for high current density aluminum, characterized in that, The device includes a feeding device, which comprises multiple chambers and an air supply device. Each of the multiple chambers is equipped with a conveying pipe that communicates with the air supply device. A valve is provided at the connection between the conveying pipe and the air supply device. A control component for controlling the material discharge rate is provided between the chamber and the conveying pipe. The conveying pipe is partially embedded in the chamber of the ball mill equipment, and a diversion component for diverting material is provided at the free end of the conveying pipe. The control component includes a baffle installed inside the hopper, a plurality of discharge ports are circumferentially arranged on the baffle, a rotating shaft is provided on the baffle, an mounting plate is sleeved on the rotating shaft, a plurality of shielding plates for shielding the discharge ports are circumferentially arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the mounting plate, a limiting spring that abuts against the mounting plate is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a displacement component for controlling the rotation of the shielding plates is provided on the rotating shaft. The displacement assembly includes a displacement plate sleeved on a rotating shaft. A plurality of fan blades are arranged around the side of the displacement plate opposite to the shielding plate, and the plurality of fan blades are inclinedly arranged on the shielding plate. A plurality of first ratchet teeth are arranged around the side wall of the displacement plate opposite to the shielding plate, and a plurality of second ratchet teeth that mesh with the first ratchet teeth are arranged on the side wall of the shielding plate opposite to the displacement plate. The outer surface of the conveying pipe is equipped with a vibration component to prevent material from accumulating inside the conveying pipe; The oscillation assembly includes a spiral guide groove on the outer wall of the conveying pipe, a turbine mounted on a push plate placed inside the conveying pipe, a winding reel sleeved on the outer surface of the conveying pipe, a traction rope wound on the winding reel, multiple sliders threaded on the traction rope, all sliders slidably disposed within the spiral guide groove, and a return spring between any two adjacent sliders, multiple first magnetic poles surrounding the turbine, and multiple second magnetic poles magnetically attracted to the first magnetic poles on the winding reel.

2. The high current density aluminum prebaked anode feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation post is provided through the baffle plate, and a spiral blade is provided on the installation post and embedded in the chamber body. The outer edge of the spiral blade abuts against the inner wall of the chamber body, and the installation post is connected to the installation plate.

3. The high current density aluminum prebaked anode feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diversion assembly includes a plurality of first discharge pipes surrounding the outer wall of the conveying pipe. Each of the first discharge pipes has a flexible pipe at its free end and a second discharge pipe at its free end. A displacement rod passes through the conveying pipe. A plurality of push rods, each connected to a second discharge pipe, are hinged to the extension end of the displacement rod. A push plate is provided at the end of the displacement rod placed inside the conveying pipe.

4. The high current density aluminum prebaked anode feeding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A conical spring is fitted onto the push rod.

5. The high current density aluminum prebaked anode feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the spiral guide groove is provided with multiple mounting grooves, and an arched metal spring is slidably disposed in the mounting groove.

6. A method for producing a prebaked anode for high current density aluminum, characterized in that, After calcining, petroleum coke is crushed, screened, and ground in a ball mill to obtain four types of materials: coarse coke, medium coke, fine coke, and powder. After medium crushing and screening, residual electrodes and waste lumps are separated into coarse and fine residues; the process includes the following steps: Graphite powder is added to the pre-calcined coke powder and dust powder during the grinding process in a ball mill to form a mixed powder. The addition of graphite powder is applied to a high current density aluminum prebaked anode feeding device as described in any one of claims 1-5. The coarse coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 6-8 mm; the medium coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 3-6 mm; the fine coke batching bin contains calcined coke with a particle size of 0.5-3 mm; the mixed powder batching bin contains mixed powder with a particle size of less than 200 mesh; the coarse residue batching bin contains coarse residue with a particle size of 6-12 mm; and the fine residue batching bin contains fine residue with a particle size of 3-6 mm. The dry materials are batched according to the process requirements. After the dry materials are batched, the materials are weighed by the batching scale and sent to the collecting screw conveyor. Then, they are conveyed by the bucket elevator into the preheating screw conveyor for preheating and then into the mixing machine. After being metered, the liquid asphalt is pumped into a mixer and mixed with dry materials to form a paste. The paste is fed into a molding machine after being subjected to strong cooling to produce shaped carbon blocks, which are then cooled with cooling water. The cooled shaped charcoal blocks are then fed into a roasting furnace and heated until the pitch inside is converted into coke, thus forming a solid and uniform whole.

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