A belt cleaning device of a coal loading and unloading belt conveyor

Abstract

The coal loading and unloading belt conveyor belt cleaning device is arranged on the inner wall of the shell on both sides of the discharging end of the loading and unloading machine, the material delivery direction of the belt is defined as the X direction, the width direction of the belt is defined as the Y direction, and the gravity direction is defined as the Z direction, the belt cleaning device comprises a material accumulation prevention split type water spraying pipe, a first alloy cleaner and a second alloy cleaner which are arranged in sequence, the first alloy cleaner is independently arranged in multiple sections, the inclination angle of the first alloy cleaner is adjusted, and the first alloy cleaner is elastically pre-tightened and attached to the belt with a roller outer wall supported on the back, the second alloy cleaner is elastically supported on the bottom surface of the belt suspended below the roller, and the material accumulation prevention split type water spraying pipe covers the attachment scraping position of the alloy cleaner and the belt along the Y direction and sprays high-pressure water. The belt cleaning device can independently control the inclination angle of each scraping head and uniformly control the attachment force of each scraping head and the belt to solve the problem of scraping adhesive materials at different wear rate positions of the same belt, improve the efficiency of the belt conveyor and reduce the maintenance requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of port transportation equipment technology, and in particular to a belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt. Background Technology

[0002] In modern industrial production, belt conveyors are commonly used equipment for transporting bulk materials, including coal. Due to their widespread application in various heavy industrial settings, the efficiency and maintenance of belt conveyors have become key factors in improving overall production efficiency. Although belt conveyors are highly efficient and convenient in material transportation, material residues inevitably remain on the conveyor belt during transport. This not only reduces the service life of the conveyor belt but also causes environmental pollution. Therefore, effective cleaning solutions are needed to maintain the cleanliness of the equipment and extend its service life.

[0003] Currently, belt conveyor cleaning largely relies on cleaning devices installed at the conveyor head, such as traditional polyurethane or rubber sweepers. While these sweepers are effective at removing some material residue initially, their wear accelerates with prolonged use, leading to a significant decline in cleaning effectiveness and sustainability. Especially when handling highly viscous or wet, heavy materials, these traditional material sweepers often struggle to thoroughly clean the conveyor belt, resulting in low efficiency, significant material carryover on the return trip, and increased cleaning, maintenance, and operating costs.

[0004] In addition to the aforementioned polyurethane or rubber scrapers, existing technologies also add multiple scraper conveyors at the discharge end of the belt conveyor. These scraper heads are individually controlled to pre-tighten against the belt to remove sticky materials adhering to it. However, a problem arises: how to control the pre-tightening force between the scraper heads and the belt? While a larger force results in better material removal, it also creates significant resistance to the overall conveying of the belt and leads to higher energy consumption. Furthermore, it causes more severe wear on both the scraper heads and the belt. In addition, regardless of whether the scraper head is integral or separate, the existing technology controls the pre-tightening force by adding a pad to the scraper head and measuring with a feeler gauge at the contact point between the scraper head and the belt. The inspection is considered qualified when the feeler gauge cannot be inserted into the contact gap between the scraper head and the belt. However, the wear rate of the belt is often different in its width direction. That is, under the condition that the scraper head rotates at the same angle and is pressed against the outer wall of the belt, the feeler gauge can sometimes be inserted and sometimes cannot be inserted within the same straight line range in the Y direction. This makes it difficult to control and inspect the pre-tightening contact force between the scraper head and the belt.

[0005] Given the limitations of existing technology, the industry urgently needs a belt cleaning device for coal loading and unloading conveyor belts that can independently control the tilt angle of each scraper head and uniformly control the adhesion force between each scraper head and the belt. This would solve the problem of scraping off adhesive materials at different wear rates on the same belt, improve the efficiency of the conveyor belt, reduce maintenance requirements, adapt to various industrial environments and different material characteristics, and reduce reliance on additional space and auxiliary equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a belt cleaning device for coal loading and unloading conveyor belts. This belt cleaning device can effectively clean and maintain coal conveyor belts, and its high integration enables efficient cleaning operations even in situations where installation space is limited.

[0007] This invention discloses a belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt. The belt cleaning device is installed on the inner wall of the shell on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. The material delivery direction of the belt is defined as the X direction, the width direction of the belt is defined as the Y direction, and the gravity direction is defined as the Z direction. The belt cleaning device includes a split anti-accumulation water spray pipe, a primary alloy cleaner, and a secondary alloy cleaner arranged sequentially. The primary alloy cleaner is multi-segmented, independently tilted, and elastically pre-tightly attached to the belt with the outer wall of the roller supporting it on the back. The secondary alloy cleaner is lifted and elastically supported on the bottom surface of the belt suspended below the roller. The split anti-accumulation water spray pipe covers and sprays the material scraping area where the alloy cleaner and the belt are in contact along the Y direction under high pressure.

[0008] Preferably, the primary alloy cleaner includes a primary fixed frame, a primary movable frame, a Y-direction branch pipe, and multiple sets of clutch transmission units, blade holders, blade supports, and primary scrapers. The primary fixed frame is fixed on the inner wall of the housing on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. The primary fixed frame slides along the X-direction and elastically supports and hangs the primary movable frame. The primary movable frame is fixedly connected to the Y-direction branch pipe along the Y-direction. The wall of the Y-direction branch pipe has multiple recessed openings arranged in the Y-direction, and the interior of the Y-direction branch pipe is equipped with multiple sets of clutch transmission units. These clutch transmission units provide clutch power for the tilt angle adjustment of multiple sets of blade holders and for the elastic pre-tightening contact with the belt. The blade holder slides through the recessed openings, and the top of the blade holder is fixedly equipped with a blade support for the primary scraper.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary alloy cleaner includes a secondary fixed frame, a secondary movable frame, a lifting rod, a secondary leaf spring, and a secondary scraper. The secondary fixed frame is fixed to the inner wall of the housing on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. A Z-guide rod is slidably connected to the secondary fixed frame in the Z direction. The lower part of the Z-guide rod is fixedly hung on the top surface of the secondary movable frame. A Z-preload spring is sleeved on the upper part of the Z-guide rod, which provides upward support for the Z-guide rod and the secondary movable frame. A lifting rod is fixedly connected to the secondary movable frame in the Y direction. A secondary leaf spring is radially fixed on the lifting rod. A secondary scraper is fixed to the other end of the secondary leaf spring and adheres to the surface of the belt.

[0010] Preferably, a Y-guide rod is fixedly provided on the upper part of the primary fixed frame. The guide rod is slidably inserted into the primary movable frame, and the end of the guide rod is fitted with a nut to adjust the preload and elastically support the Y-direction preload spring on the side wall of the primary movable frame.

[0011] Preferably, the clutch transmission unit includes a rotating rod, which is coaxially and rotatably inserted into the interior of the Y-direction branch pipe. Multiple sets of turntables, ratchet wheels, pawls, and pawl springs are spaced apart along the Y-direction on the rotating rod. The pawl elastically abuts against the circumferential outer wall of the ratchet wheel. The turntable rotates circumferentially and is axially limited and fitted onto the rotating rod. A tool holder with a relief opening is radially fixed to the outer circumference of the turntable. The pawl is tangentially telescopically supported on the axial end face of the turntable with the ratchet wheel as a reference. A pawl spring, providing elastic resistance to the pawl, is hinged and hooked onto the axial end face of the turntable. The ratchet wheel is coaxially fixed on the rotating rod, and by engaging and disengaging the pawl and pawl spring, the ratchet wheel drives the turntable to rotate on the rotating rod.

[0012] Preferably, a V-shaped inclined guide plate is fixed on the primary fixed frame. The water inlet end of the guide plate is located at a high position and extends to the bottom of the secondary alloy cleaner, while the drain end of the guide plate is located at a low position and extends obliquely downward to the loading and unloading machine drum.

[0013] Preferably, the tool holder includes a fixed plate, a U-shaped primary leaf spring, and a folded bracket that are fixedly connected in sequence. The fixed plate penetrates the clearance opening of the Y-direction branch pipe and is fixedly connected to the turntable. Tool holders are fixed on one side of the top of the folded bracket, and waterproof curtains are hung in the Z direction on the other side of the top of the folded bracket.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-section of the tool holder is T-shaped, the lower vertical sidewall of the tool holder is bolted to the tool holder, and a primary scraper made of tungsten carbide is fixedly embedded on both sides of the upper plane of the tool holder.

[0015] Preferably, the anti-accumulation split-type water spray pipe has two sections and is fixed on both sides of the housing at the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. Multiple nozzles are fixed on the anti-accumulation split-type water spray pipe to cover and spray the alloy cleaner and the material scraping area where they are attached to the belt along the Y direction.

[0016] The advantages and technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] The present invention discloses a belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt. The device sprays high-pressure water onto the scraping and contact area between the alloy cleaner and the belt through a split anti-accumulation water spray pipe. On the one hand, it sprays and cleans the sticky material accumulated on the cutter holder, the primary scraper, and the waterproof curtain. On the other hand, it replenishes the moisture content of the sticky material accumulated at the scraping and contact area between the alloy cleaner and the belt, increases the water saturation rate of the sticky material to reduce its stickiness and facilitate its removal.

[0018] This invention discloses a belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt. The device uses an alloy cleaner to elastically support and adhere the belt, and independently adjusts the blade holder angle according to the wear rate of different parts of the same belt, ensuring uniform adhesion between multiple blade holders and the belt. Specifically:

[0019] 1. The primary fixed frame is elastically supported and connected to the primary movable frame along the X-direction, providing X-direction primary coarse adjustment pre-tightening contact force control for the primary movable frame and multiple sets of clutch transmission units, tool holders, tool seats and primary scrapers;

[0020] 2. Multiple clutch transmission units are set in the Y-direction branch pipe to provide rotational power with clutch function to multiple tool holders. When the first-stage scraper on a corresponding tool holder is attached to the belt and sufficient pre-tightening force is applied, the pawl of the clutch transmission unit disengages from the current engagement position of the ratchet and springs into the next engagement position. That is, the turntable and the ratchet disengage from synchronous rotation and rotate relative to each other. This ensures that multiple clutch transmission units apply the same rotational force to the tool holder and adaptively and independently adjust the tilt angle of a single tool holder at different wear rate locations on the same belt. This achieves secondary fine-tuning pre-tightening force control between the first-stage scraper and the belt. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention (with the waterproof curtain hidden).

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Side view of the present invention

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the multiple clutch transmission units inside the Y-direction branch pipe in this invention.

[0027] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the ratchet and pawl connection structure of the clutch transmission unit in this invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a side view of the tool holder, tool support, and primary scraper in this invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Anti-material-accumulation split-type water spray pipe; 2-Nozzle; 3-Belt; 4-Roller; 5-Secondary alloy cleaner; 6-Primary alloy cleaner; 7-Waterproof curtain; 8-Guide plate; 9-Y-direction pre-tension spring; 10-Y-direction guide rod; 11-Primary scraper; 12-Scraper holder; 13-Primary leaf spring; 14-Fixed plate; 15-Primary movable frame; 16-Leaning port; 17-Y-direction branch pipe; 18-Rotating rod; 19-Turntable; 20-Ratchet; 21-Pawl; 22-Pawl spring; 23-Pawl support; 24-Scraper holder; 25-Secondary scraper; 26-Secondary leaf spring; 27-Z-direction guide rod; 28-Z-direction pre-tension spring; 29-Secondary fixed frame; 30-Secondary movable frame; 31-Lifting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The following embodiments are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0031] This invention discloses a belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt. The belt cleaning device is installed on the inner wall of the shell on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. The material delivery direction of the belt 3 is defined as the X direction, the width direction of the belt is defined as the Y direction, and the gravity direction is defined as the Z direction. The belt cleaning device includes a split anti-accumulation water spray pipe 1, a primary alloy cleaner 6, and a secondary alloy cleaner 5 arranged sequentially. The primary alloy cleaner is multi-segmented, independently tilted, and elastically pre-tightly attached to the belt with the outer wall of the roller 4 supporting it on the back. The secondary alloy cleaner is lifted and elastically supported on the bottom surface of the belt suspended below the roller. The split anti-accumulation water spray pipe covers and sprays the material scraping area where the alloy cleaner and the belt are in contact along the Y direction.

[0032] The anti-material accumulation split-type water spray pipe is directly connected to a high-pressure water source, relying on the pressure of the high-pressure water to wash away the materials adhering to the belt.

[0033] Preferably, the primary alloy cleaner includes a primary fixed frame, a primary movable frame 15, a Y-direction branch pipe 17, and multiple sets of clutch transmission units, a blade holder 12, a blade support 24, and a primary scraper 11. The primary fixed frame is fixed on the inner wall of the housing on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. The primary fixed frame slides along the X direction and elastically supports and hangs the primary movable frame. The primary movable frame is fixedly connected to the Y-direction branch pipe along the Y direction. Multiple Y-direction spacer openings 16 are radially penetrated through the wall of the Y-direction branch pipe, and multiple sets of clutch transmission units are provided inside the Y-direction branch pipe. These clutch transmission units provide clutch power for the tilt angle adjustment of multiple sets of blade holders and the elastic pre-tightening contact with the belt. The blade holder slides through the spacer openings, and a blade support for the primary scraper is fixedly provided on the top of the blade holder.

[0034] Preferably, the secondary alloy cleaner includes a secondary fixed frame 29, a secondary movable frame 30, a lifting rod 31, a secondary leaf spring 26, and a secondary scraper 25. The secondary fixed frame is fixed on the inner wall of the housing on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. A Z-guide rod 27 is slidably connected to the secondary fixed frame in the Z direction. The lower part of the Z-guide rod is fixedly hung on the top surface of the secondary movable frame. A Z-preload spring 28 is sleeved on the upper part of the Z-guide rod, which provides upward support power for the Z-guide rod and the secondary movable frame. A lifting rod is fixedly connected to the secondary movable frame in the Y direction. A secondary leaf spring is radially fixed on the lifting rod. A secondary scraper that fits against the surface of the belt is fixed at the other end of the secondary leaf spring.

[0035] Preferably, a Y-guide rod 10 is fixedly provided on the upper part of the primary fixed frame. The guide rod is slidably inserted into the primary movable frame, and the end of the guide rod is fitted with a nut to adjust the preload and elastically support the Y-direction preload spring 9 on the side wall of the primary movable frame.

[0036] Preferably, the clutch transmission unit includes a rotating rod 18, which is coaxially and rotatably inserted into the interior of the Y-direction branch pipe. Multiple sets of turntables 19, ratchet wheels 20, pawls 21, and pawl springs 22 are spaced apart on the rotating rod in the Y direction. The pawls elastically abut against the circumferential outer wall of the ratchet wheels. The turntables rotate circumferentially and are axially limited and fitted onto the rotating rod. A tool holder with a relief opening is fixed radially on the outer circumference of the turntable. The pawls are tangentially telescopically supported on the axial end face of the turntable with the ratchet wheels as a reference frame. A pawl spring that provides elastic resistance to the pawls is hinged and hooked on the axial end face of the turntable. The ratchet wheels are coaxially fixed on the rotating rod. The ratchet wheels drive the turntables to rotate on the rotating rod by engaging and disengaging the pawls and pawl springs.

[0037] Preferably, a V-shaped inclined guide plate 8 is fixed on the primary fixed frame. The water inlet end of the guide plate is located at a high position and extends to the bottom of the secondary alloy cleaner, while the drain end of the guide plate is located at a low position and extends obliquely downward to the loading and unloading machine drum.

[0038] Preferably, the tool holder includes a fixed plate 14, a U-shaped primary leaf spring 13, and a folded bracket that are fixedly connected in sequence. The fixed plate penetrates the clearance opening of the Y-direction branch pipe and is fixedly connected to the turntable. A tool holder is welded to one side of the top of the folded bracket, and a waterproof curtain 7 is hung in the Z direction on the other side of the top of the folded bracket.

[0039] Preferably, the cross-section of the tool holder is T-shaped, the lower vertical sidewall of the tool holder is welded and fixed to the tool holder, and a primary scraper made of tungsten carbide is fixedly embedded on both sides of the upper plane of the tool holder.

[0040] Preferably, the anti-accumulation split-type water spray pipe has two sections, which are respectively fixed on both sides of the shell at the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. Multiple nozzles 2 are fixed on the anti-accumulation split-type water spray pipe, covering and spraying the material scraper at the point where it contacts the belt along the Y-direction. Since the coal transported on the belt contains impurities such as straw and rubber fibers, these easily get caught on the water spray pipe during transport. Furthermore, because the transported coal has a certain moisture content, it easily freezes into clumps on the belt in winter. Therefore, to facilitate the unloading of impurities and large pieces of material, this invention designs a single continuous water pipe as a split two-section structure. The distance between the two anti-accumulation split-type water spray pipe sections is 800mm, which facilitates the falling of materials.

[0041] Each nozzle sprays a fan-shaped water flow that can cover the entire width of the belt. The nozzles at the ends of the two anti-material accumulation split water spray pipes are set at a certain angle. The fan-shaped water surfaces sprayed by the two inclined nozzles overlap in the middle of the belt. Since the material is concentrated in the middle of the belt during transportation, the overlapping water surfaces can strengthen the rinsing of the material adhering to the middle of the belt, thus enhancing the rinsing effect.

[0042] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the primary scraper and the secondary scraper are made of tungsten carbide material, wherein, for example... Figure 8 As shown, the primary scrapers are arranged on both sides of the top surface of the cutter holder. One scraper is used to press and adhere to the belt, while the other scraper is reserved or to prevent coal from falling and damaging the cutter holder. When one scraper wears out, the connection between the cutter holder and the cutter holder is reversed, and the other scraper is used to adhere to the belt.

[0043] Furthermore, the present invention preferably includes, for example, Figure 7 As shown, multiple pawl supports are tangentially fixed on the turntable. One end of each pawl support is slidably inserted into a pawl. An elastic support inside the pawl support is connected to a pawl spring that provides extension power to the pawl. In addition, a buffer pad made of flexible material is bonded to the end of the pawl.

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, an example is provided below:

[0045] A belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading belt conveyor, the working principle of which is as follows: viscous pulverized coal materials on the belt are primarily scraped off by a primary alloy sweeper; during the scraping process, an anti-accumulation split water spray pipe covers and flushes the viscous pulverized coal materials in the Y direction (the width direction of the belt), so as to supplement the saturated water content of the viscous pulverized coal materials and thereby reduce their viscosity, which facilitates the scraped materials to fall onto the next-stage belt through the waterproof curtain and the deflector.

[0046] It should be noted that before the primary alloy sweeper scrapes off the viscous pulverized coal materials on the belt, the fitting force of multiple primary scrapers on the primary alloy sweeper shall be inspected. The inspection is qualified if a 0.04mm feeler gauge cannot pass through the gap between the primary scrapers and the belt. When adjusting the fitting force of the primary scrapers, rotating power is provided for the rotating rod, and the ratchet on the rotating rod pushes the pawl to perform a clutch mode, so that the rotating rod, the ratchet and the rotating discs perform synchronous rotation, until the corresponding primary scrapers on all rotating discs are fitted to the belt (at this time, independently arranged tool holders on different rotating discs provide support in an adaptive state and the scrapers are fitted to the belt, that is, the rotation angles of the tool holders have a small difference of 3-5°, but the fitting force applied to the belt by the tool holders via the primary scrapers is equal to the rotating force of the rotating rod divided by the number of sets of clutch transmission units, so as to ensure the uniformity of the above fitting force).

[0047] Finally, a secondary alloy sweeper supports a secondary scraper in a lifting elastic buffer mode, so that the secondary scraper moves upward and abuts against the lower surface of the belt to scrape off the remaining moisture or pulverized coal particles on the belt.

[0048] Finally, matters not described in the present invention all adopt mature products and mature technical means in the prior art.

[0049] In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in the embodiment or example of the present invention.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and purpose of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt, wherein the belt cleaning device is arranged on the inner wall of the shell on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine, defining the material delivery direction of the belt as the X direction, the width direction of the belt as the Y direction, and the gravity direction as the Z direction, characterized in that: The belt cleaning device includes a series of anti-material accumulation split-type water spray pipes, a primary alloy cleaner, and a secondary alloy cleaner. The primary alloy cleaner is independently segmented, with adjustable tilt angle and elastically pre-tightly attached to the belt, which is supported by the outer wall of the roller on its back. The secondary alloy cleaner is elastically supported by lifting and lowering against the bottom surface of the belt suspended below the roller. The anti-material accumulation split-type water spray pipes cover and spray the contact area between the alloy cleaner and the belt along the Y direction. The primary alloy cleaner includes a primary fixed frame, a primary movable frame, a Y-direction branch pipe, and multiple sets of clutch transmission units, blade holders, blade supports, and primary scrapers. The primary fixed frame is fixed to the inner wall of the housing on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. The primary fixed frame slides along the X-direction and elastically supports and hangs the primary movable frame. The primary movable frame is fixedly connected to the Y-direction branch pipe along the Y-direction. The wall of the Y-direction branch pipe has multiple Y-direction spaced clearance openings, and the interior of the Y-direction branch pipe is equipped with multiple sets of clutch transmission units. These clutch transmission units provide clutch power for the tilt angle adjustment of multiple sets of blade holders and for the elastic pre-tightening contact with the belt. The blade holder slides through the clearance openings, and the top of the blade holder is fixedly supported by a blade support for the primary scraper.

2. The belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary alloy cleaner includes a secondary fixed frame, a secondary movable frame, a lifting rod, a secondary leaf spring, and a secondary scraper. The secondary fixed frame is fixed to the inner wall of the housing on both sides of the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. A Z-guide rod is slidably connected to the secondary fixed frame in the Z direction. The lower part of the Z-guide rod is fixedly hung on the top surface of the secondary movable frame. A Z-preload spring is sleeved on the upper part of the Z-guide rod, which provides upward support for the Z-guide rod and the secondary movable frame. A lifting rod is fixedly connected to the secondary movable frame in the Y direction. A secondary leaf spring is radially fixed on the lifting rod. A secondary scraper is fixed to the other end of the secondary leaf spring and adheres to the surface of the belt.

3. The belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper part of the primary fixed frame is fixed with a Y-guide rod, which slides through and is inserted into the primary movable frame. The end of the guide rod is fitted with a nut to adjust the preload and elastically support the Y-direction preload spring on the side wall of the primary movable frame.

4. The belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch transmission unit includes a rotating rod, which is coaxially and rotatably inserted into the interior of the Y-direction branch pipe. Multiple sets of turntables, ratchet wheels, pawls, and pawl springs are spaced apart along the Y-direction on the rotating rod. The pawls elastically abut against the circumferential outer wall of the ratchet wheels. The turntables rotate circumferentially and are axially limited and fitted onto the rotating rod. A tool holder with a clearance opening is radially fixed to the outer circumference of the turntable. The pawls are tangentially extended and retracted on the axial end face of the turntable with the ratchet wheels as a reference frame. A pawl spring, providing elastic resistance to the pawls, is hinged and hooked onto the axial end face of the turntable. The ratchet wheels are coaxially fixed on the rotating rod, and by engaging and disengaging the pawls and pawl springs, the ratchet wheels drive the turntables to rotate on the rotating rod.

5. The belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary fixed frame is fixed with a V-shaped inclined guide plate. The water inlet end of the guide plate is located at a high position and extends to the bottom of the secondary alloy cleaner, while the drainage end of the guide plate is located at a low position and extends obliquely downward to the loading and unloading machine drum.

6. The belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tool holder includes a fixed plate, a U-shaped primary leaf spring, and a folded line bracket that are fixedly connected in sequence. The fixed plate penetrates the clearance opening of the Y-direction branch pipe and is fixedly connected to the turntable. Tool holders are fixed on one side of the top of the folded line bracket, and waterproof curtains are hung in the Z direction on the other side of the top of the folded line bracket.

7. A belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The cross-section of the tool holder is T-shaped. The lower vertical sidewall of the tool holder is bolted to the tool holder. The upper plane of the tool holder is fixedly embedded with a primary scraper made of tungsten carbide material on both sides.

8. The belt cleaning device for a coal loading and unloading conveyor belt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-accumulation split-type water spray pipe has two sections, which are respectively fixed on both sides of the shell at the discharge end of the loading and unloading machine. Multiple nozzles are fixed on the anti-accumulation split-type water spray pipe to cover and spray the area where the alloy cleaner and the belt are in contact with the scraper along the Y direction.

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