A pumped storage power station water diversion tunnel filling and draining flow measurement system and method

Abstract

The application discloses a pumped storage power station water diversion tunnel water filling and draining flow measuring system and method, relates to the water flow measuring technical field, and contains a data acquisition module, a computer processing module and a data output display module. The data acquisition module is used for measuring data acquisition and receiving. The computer processing module is used for receiving the measuring data and calculating to obtain a calculation result. The computer processing module sends the calculation result to the data output display module. The data output display module is used for displaying and outputting the calculation result. The application utilizes the principle that water entering a pipeline will discharge the same volume of air to the outside world. When the air passes through the cross section of the water diversion tunnel, the flow rate is generated. The flow rate of the air is measured to accurately obtain the water filling and draining flow, so that the opening of the water filling and draining valve is reasonably controlled, and the water filling and draining process meets the functional requirements of the technical specification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water flow measurement system technology, specifically to a system and method for measuring the filling and draining flow of a pumped storage power station's water intake tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] Pumped storage power stations utilize surplus electricity generated by power units during off-peak hours to pump water from an upper reservoir for storage, and then release the water from the reservoir to generate electricity during peak load periods. When filling and draining the water in the pumped storage power station's water intake tunnel, the rate of water level rise and fall in the inclined (vertical) shaft sections must be controlled according to the technical specifications for filling and draining the pumped storage power station's water conveyance system. Existing related products have some shortcomings, which the inventors discovered in their previous innovative product practice: In existing technologies, pressure values ​​are typically used to simply calculate the filling and draining flow rate. However, the current power station water level differences are too large, making the pressure-to-flow-rate conversion time-consuming and resulting in significant errors in the timeliness of data measurement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system and method for measuring the filling and draining flow of a pumped storage power station's water intake tunnel, which can accurately determine the flow during the filling and draining process, thereby reasonably controlling the opening of the filling and draining valves and ensuring that the filling and draining process meets the technical specifications.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a system and method for measuring the filling and draining flow of a pumped storage power station's water diversion tunnel, comprising a data acquisition module, a computer processing module, and a data output display module;

[0005] The data acquisition module is used to acquire measurement data and send the measurement data to the computer processing module;

[0006] The computer processing module is used to receive the measurement data sent by the data acquisition module and perform calculations to obtain the calculation results. The computer processing module then sends the calculation results to the data output display module.

[0007] The data output display module is used to display and output the calculation results;

[0008] The data acquisition module includes a sensor unit and a data transmission unit;

[0009] The sensor unit is used to measure the wind speed v at the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel and the pressure difference p in the water diversion tunnel.

[0010] The data transmission unit is used for data transmission between the data acquisition module and the computer processing module.

[0011] Furthermore:

[0012] The sensor unit includes a high-precision pressure sensor and a wind speed sensor;

[0013] The high-precision pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure difference p, and the accuracy of the high-precision pressure sensor is 0.01%.

[0014] The high-precision pressure sensor is placed upstream of the ball valve at the end of the water diversion tunnel.

[0015] Furthermore:

[0016] The number of wind speed sensors is four, namely, a first wind speed sensor, a second wind speed sensor, a third wind speed sensor, and a fourth wind speed sensor.

[0017] Furthermore:

[0018] The first and second wind speed sensors are placed on the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel. The values ​​obtained from the first and second wind speed sensors are averaged and denoted as v1. The third and fourth wind speed sensors are placed next to the first and second wind speed sensors. The values ​​obtained from the third and fourth wind speed sensors are averaged and denoted as v2. v1 and v2 are compared. If the difference between the comparison results is within ±5%, then v1 is taken as the wind speed v of the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel. The accuracy of the measurements taken by the first and second wind speed sensors is determined by judging the difference between the comparison results.

[0019] Furthermore:

[0020] The first and second wind speed sensors are both mechanical wind speed sensors, the third sensor is a thermal wind speed sensor, and the fourth wind speed sensor is an ultrasonic wind speed sensor.

[0021] Furthermore:

[0022] The computer processing module includes a data processing module and a data storage module. The data processing module is used to process the collected measurement data to obtain calculation results and send the calculation results to the data output display module. The data storage module is used to store the calculation results.

[0023] Furthermore:

[0024] The integrated measurement system for the filling and draining flow of the pumped storage power station's water diversion tunnel includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Record the time from the start to the end of the wind speed measurement process as time t1, and record the time from the start to the end of the pressure difference measurement process as time t2;

[0026] Step 2: Utilizing the principle that water entering the pipe will discharge an equal volume of air to the outside, when the air passes through the cross-section of the air vent of the water diversion tunnel, a flow velocity will be generated. The wind speed value is then measured by a sensor, and the formula for measuring the filling and draining flow rate is set as follows: The cross-sectional area S of the air vent of the water diversion tunnel multiplied by the average wind speed v1 multiplied by the time t1 equals the filling and draining flow rate V1: V1=S×v1×t1, where V1 is the required filling and draining volume, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the air vent of the water diversion tunnel, v1 is the average wind speed, and t1 is the time required for filling and draining.

[0027] Step 3: Utilize the principle of converting pipe pressure difference into water flow velocity; based on this, establish the pressure measurement formula for filling and draining flow rate 2: P×k+h=H; V2=∫H S Where p is the pressure difference, k is the multiplier, h is the installation height of the high-precision pressure sensor, H is the current water level, V2 is the water volume required for filling and discharging, and H S This represents the cross-sectional area corresponding to the current water level.

[0028] Step 4: Obtain the measurement data of the cross-sectional area S of the ventilation hole of the water diversion tunnel, the average wind speed v1, the pressure difference p, the installation height h of the high-precision pressure sensor, and the cross-sectional area S1 of the water diversion tunnel corresponding to the current water level;

[0029] Step 5: Substitute the obtained measurement data into the corresponding formulas 1 and 2 for wind speed measurement and pressure measurement to calculate the wind speed measurement result and pressure measurement result.

[0030] Step 6: Display the obtained wind speed measurement results and pressure measurement results on the operator's work interface; the operator will compare the wind speed measurement results and pressure measurement results, and finally determine the required amount of water to be filled and drained based on the comparison results, and operate the valves of the water diversion tunnel.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this invention are: it shortens the time for measuring water volume and provides fast and reliable data support for valve opening adjustment.

[0032] In actual pumped storage power stations, a comparison is made between two measurement methods: pressure measurement and wind speed measurement. Pressure measurement: The length and diameter of the water diversion tunnel have a significant impact on the timeliness of water pressure transmission, especially when the water diversion tunnel is in an empty state, with a high water level drop and a long tunnel length. Wind speed measurement, on the other hand, is more timely because when water enters the tunnel, it will discharge an equal volume of air to the outside. When the air passes through the cross-section of the air vent of the water diversion tunnel, a flow velocity will be generated. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modular structure of the integrated measurement system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement method steps of the integrated measurement system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the present invention, including a data acquisition module, a computer processing module, and a data output display module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire measurement data and send the measurement data to the computer processing module. The computer processing module is used to receive the measurement data sent by the data acquisition module, perform calculations to obtain calculation results, and then send the calculation results to the data output display module.

[0037] The data output display module is used to display the calculation results.

[0038] The preferred option is:

[0039] The data acquisition module includes a sensor unit and a data transmission unit;

[0040] The sensor unit is used to measure the wind speed v at the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel and the pressure difference p in the water diversion tunnel.

[0041] The data transmission unit is used for data transmission between the data acquisition module and the computer processing module.

[0042] The preferred option is:

[0043] The sensor unit includes a high-precision pressure sensor and a wind speed sensor;

[0044] The high-precision pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure difference p;

[0045] The high-precision pressure sensor is placed upstream of the ball valve at the end of the water diversion tunnel.

[0046] The preferred option is:

[0047] The number of wind speed sensors is four, namely, a first wind speed sensor, a second wind speed sensor, a third wind speed sensor, and a fourth wind speed sensor.

[0048] The preferred option is:

[0049] The first and second wind speed sensors are placed on the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel. The values ​​obtained from the first and second wind speed sensors are averaged and denoted as v1. The third and fourth wind speed sensors are placed next to the first and second wind speed sensors. The values ​​obtained from the third and fourth wind speed sensors are averaged and denoted as v2. v1 and v2 are compared. If the difference between the comparison results is within ±3%, then v1 is taken as the wind speed v of the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel. The accuracy of the measurements by the first and second wind speed sensors is determined by judging the difference between the comparison results.

[0050] The preferred option is:

[0051] The first and second wind speed sensors are both mechanical wind speed sensors, the third sensor is a thermal wind speed sensor, and the fourth wind speed sensor is an ultrasonic wind speed sensor.

[0052] The preferred option is:

[0053] The computer processing module includes a data processing module and a data storage module. The data processing module is used to process the collected measurement data to obtain calculation results and send the calculation results to the data output display module. The data storage module is used to store the calculation results.

[0054] like Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the measurement method steps of the integrated measurement system of the present invention. The specific steps are as follows:

[0055] Step 1: Record the time from the start to the end of the wind speed measurement process as time t1, and record the time from the start to the end of the pressure difference measurement process as time t2;

[0056] Step 2: Utilizing the principle that water entering the pipe will discharge an equal volume of air to the outside, when the air passes through the cross-section of the air vent of the water diversion tunnel, a flow velocity will be generated. The wind speed value is then measured by a sensor, and the formula for measuring the filling and draining flow rate is set as follows: The cross-sectional area S of the air vent of the water diversion tunnel multiplied by the average wind speed v1 multiplied by the time t1 equals the filling and draining flow rate V1: V1=S×v1×t1, where V1 is the required filling and draining volume, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the air vent of the water diversion tunnel, v1 is the average wind speed, and t1 is the time required for filling and draining.

[0057] Step 3: Utilize the principle of converting pipe pressure difference into water flow velocity; based on this, establish the pressure measurement formula for filling and draining flow rate 2: P×k+h=H; V2=∫H S Where p is the pressure difference, k is the multiplier, h is the installation height of the high-precision pressure sensor, H is the current water level, V2 is the water volume required for filling and discharging, and H S This represents the cross-sectional area corresponding to the current water level.

[0058] Step 4: Obtain the measurement data of the cross-sectional area S of the ventilation hole of the water diversion tunnel, the average wind speed v1, the pressure difference p, the installation height h of the high-precision pressure sensor, and the cross-sectional area S1 of the water diversion tunnel corresponding to the current water level;

[0059] Step 5: Substitute the obtained measurement data into the corresponding formulas 1 and 2 for wind speed measurement and pressure measurement to calculate the wind speed measurement result and pressure measurement result.

[0060] Step 6: Display the obtained wind speed measurement results and pressure measurement results on the operator's work interface; the operator will compare the wind speed measurement results and pressure measurement results, and finally determine the required amount of water to be filled and drained based on the comparison results, and operate the valves of the water diversion tunnel.

[0061] The wind speed measurement described in this invention utilizes the principle that when water enters a pipe, an equal volume of air is discharged to the outside. In the implementation of the scheme, the length and diameter of the tunnel have a significant impact on the timeliness of water pressure transmission. In particular, when the water diversion tunnel is in an empty state, the water level drop is high, the tunnel length is long, and several horizontal sections need to be passed in the middle. When water enters the tunnel, an equal volume of air is discharged to the outside. When the air passes through the cross-section of the air vent of the water diversion tunnel, a flow velocity is generated. The wind speed value is then measured by a sensor, and the current required flow rate of water filling and draining is obtained from this.

[0062] The pressure measurement utilizes the principle of converting the pressure difference of the water height in the pumped storage power station into the water flow velocity. In actual measurement, the pumped storage power station has a drop of about 400m. The pressure transmission on the water surface takes time. Taking 15 minutes as the average time of pressure change, the pressure difference is obtained by pressure conversion. Then, the actual water level is calculated by multiplying the pressure difference by a factor k and adding the water surface height. Finally, the required filling and draining flow rate is obtained by integrating the cross-sectional area of ​​the water level location.

[0063] It should be noted that the high-precision pressure sensor is subject to significant fluctuations, which can cause measurement errors and ultimately lead to deviations in the actual filling and drainage volume. Therefore, wind speed measurement is more timely in terms of data measurement timeliness.

[0064] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. These changes involve related technologies well known to those skilled in the art, and all of them fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0065] Many other changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept and scope of this invention. It should be understood that this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A system for measuring the filling and draining flow rate of a pumped storage power station's water intake tunnel. Its features are: It includes a data acquisition module, a computer processing module, and a data output display module. The computer processing module is electrically connected to the data acquisition module, and the computer processing module is electrically connected to the data output display module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire measurement data and send the measurement data to the computer processing module; The computer processing module is used to receive the measurement data sent by the data acquisition module and perform calculations to obtain the calculation results. The computer processing module then sends the calculation results to the data output display module. The data output display module is used to display and output the calculation results; The data acquisition module includes a sensor unit and a data transmission unit; The sensor unit is used to measure the wind speed v at the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel and the pressure difference p in the water diversion tunnel. The data transmission unit is used for data transmission between the data acquisition module and the computer processing module; The computer processing module is used to calculate the wind speed measurement result based on the wind speed v and the pressure measurement result based on the pressure difference p; and the data output display module is used to display the wind speed measurement result and the pressure measurement result for comparison. The calculation of wind speed v and pressure difference p includes the following steps: Step 1: Record the time from the start to the end of the wind speed measurement process as time. The time from the start to the end of the pressure difference measurement process is recorded as time. ; Step 2: Utilizing the principle that water entering the pipe will expel an equal volume of air to the outside, a flow velocity will be generated when the air passes through the cross-section of the air vent of the water diversion tunnel. The wind speed value is then measured by a sensor. Based on this, the formula for wind speed measurement and water filling / drainage flow rate 1 is set: the cross-sectional area S of the air vent of the water diversion tunnel multiplied by the average wind speed. Multiply by the time stated equal to filling and discharging volume ; in, For the required filling and drainage volume, This refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the ventilation opening in the water diversion tunnel. This is the average wind speed. Time required for filling and draining; Step 3: Utilizing the principle of converting pipe pressure difference into water flow velocity; therefore, formula 2 for pressure measurement of filling and draining flow rate is established: ; Where p is the pressure difference, k is the multiplier, h is the installation height of the high-precision pressure sensor, and H is the current water level. To fill and drain the required amount of water, Let x be the cross-sectional area of ​​the water diversion tunnel corresponding to the water level height. For the time The initial water level in the water diversion tunnel at the start time. For the time The final water level height of the water diversion tunnel at the end of the process; Step 4: Obtain the cross-sectional area S of the ventilation hole in the water diversion tunnel, and the average wind speed. The pressure difference p, the installation height h of the high-precision pressure sensor, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the water diversion tunnel corresponding to the current water level. Measurement data; Step 5: Substitute the obtained measurement data into the corresponding formulas 1 and 2 for wind speed measurement and pressure measurement to calculate the wind speed measurement result and pressure measurement result. Step 6: Display the obtained wind speed measurement results and pressure measurement results on the operator's work interface; the operator will compare the wind speed measurement results and pressure measurement results, and finally determine the required amount of water to be filled and drained based on the comparison results, and operate the valves of the water diversion tunnel.

2. The pumping station water intake tunnel filling and draining flow measurement system as described in claim 1, Its features are: The sensor unit includes a high-precision pressure sensor and a wind speed sensor; The high-precision pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure difference p, and the accuracy of the high-precision pressure sensor is 0.01%. The high-precision pressure sensor is placed upstream of the ball valve at the end of the water diversion tunnel.

3. A pumped storage power station water intake tunnel filling and draining flow measurement system as described in claim 2. Its features are: The number of wind speed sensors is four, namely, a first wind speed sensor, a second wind speed sensor, a third wind speed sensor, and a fourth wind speed sensor.

4. A pumped storage power station water intake tunnel filling and draining flow measurement system as described in claim 3. Its features are: The first and second wind speed sensors are placed on the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel. The average wind speed is calculated from the values ​​obtained from the first and second wind speed sensors, and this average wind speed is denoted as . ; The third and fourth wind speed sensors are placed next to the first and second wind speed sensors. The average wind speed is calculated from the values ​​obtained from the third and fourth wind speed sensors, and this average wind speed is denoted as . Regarding the above and stated The comparison is performed, and if the difference in the comparison results is within ±3%, then the aforementioned... The accuracy of the measurements taken by the first and second wind speed sensors is determined by judging the difference between the comparison results, which serves as the wind speed at the ventilation opening of the water diversion tunnel.

5. A pumped storage power station water intake tunnel filling and draining flow measurement system as described in claim 4. Its features are: The first and second wind speed sensors are both mechanical wind speed sensors, the third wind speed sensor is a thermal wind speed sensor, and the fourth wind speed sensor is an ultrasonic wind speed sensor.

6. A pumped storage power station water intake tunnel filling and draining flow measurement system as described in claim 1. Its features are: The computer processing module includes a data processing module and a data storage module. The data processing module is used to process the collected measurement data to obtain calculation results and send the calculation results to the data output display module. The data storage module is used to store the calculation results.

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