A pressurized fluid extraction apparatus and extraction method

Abstract

This invention provides a pressurized fluid extraction device and method, belonging to the field of extraction technology. The pressurized fluid extraction device includes a main body, a collection system, a positioning device, a heating furnace, and an extraction vessel, as well as a sealing mechanism and a mixing mechanism. Through the mixing mechanism, during extraction, the extraction solvent passes through the sealing groove and the guide groove, flowing out at the bottom of the extraction vessel to uniformly mix the sample inside the sample chamber, preventing sample accumulation from affecting the filtration effect of the filter plate and filter paper. Simultaneously, when the pressure inside the sample chamber increases, the second piston plate moves upward inside the sample chamber, causing the movable rod to intermittently contact the protrusion, generating vibration. This vibration separates the substances inside the sample chamber, further mixing the sample with the extraction solvent, effectively preventing the extracted substances from carrying the sample and improving the quality of the extracted substances.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fluid extraction technology, specifically relating to a pressurized fluid extraction device and extraction method. Background Technology

[0002] Petroleum hydrocarbons can be released and pollute the soil environment during processes such as oil exploration and development, industrial waste oil discharge, surface petroleum product volatilization and deposition, irrigation with mineral oil-containing wastewater, and water and soil pollution from gas stations. Petroleum hydrocarbons are one of the most widespread organic pollutants and are quite harmful to human health. Therefore, petroleum hydrocarbons have become an important part of environmental pollution monitoring. Pressurized fluid extraction instruments use high-speed flowing fluid to pressurize and mix samples, which can quickly and efficiently extract and separate target compounds from samples.

[0003] Chinese Patent Application No. CN202211624538.0 discloses a pressurized fluid extraction device for soil pretreatment and a method for detecting semi-volatile organic compounds (SOCs) in soil. The extraction device includes a shell, a soil sieving component, a soil drying component, a soil grinding component, a second rotating disc, and a pressurized fluid extraction component. This invention utilizes the soil sieving component, soil drying component, and soil grinding component to prepare a soil sample, which is then added to a reaction tank. The pressurized fluid extraction component then extracts the SOCs from the soil sample. This pressurized fluid extraction device has the capability to process soil samples, replacing manual sample preparation and facilitating the extraction of SOCs, thereby improving the detection efficiency of SOCs. However, soil materials have strong adsorption properties, and during soil sample extraction, the extraction solvent cannot fully mix with the soil sample, carrying away some sample and affecting the extraction quality.

[0004] Furthermore, pressurized fluid extraction devices employ isobaric temperature-variable or isothermal pressure-variable methods with high-pressure fluids to separate the solute from the solvent. There are two main types of extraction processes: isothermal depressurization and isothermal heating. Therefore, when extracting soil samples, it is necessary to ensure the sealing of the reaction tank to prevent leakage of the extraction solvent, which could lead to pressure changes and affect the extraction efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to provide a pressurized fluid extraction device and extraction method. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressurized fluid extraction device and extraction method, which aims to solve the problem that when soil materials have strong adsorption, the extraction solvent cannot be fully mixed with the soil sample during extraction, resulting in the solvent carrying some of the sample and affecting the extraction quality.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A pressurized fluid extraction apparatus includes a main body, a collection system, a positioning device, a heating furnace, and an extraction vessel, and further includes: The sealing mechanism includes a first sealing component disposed inside the heating furnace and a second sealing component disposed at the bottom of the positioning device. Through the cooperation of the first sealing component and the second sealing component, the top of the extraction vessel can be sealed to prevent the extraction solvent from leaking from the top of the extraction vessel. A mixing mechanism is disposed inside the extraction vessel to ensure uniform mixing of the sample and the extraction solvent inside the extraction vessel.

[0008] Preferably, the first sealing assembly includes a first receiving cavity formed at the bottom of the heating furnace. A plurality of evenly distributed sliding sleeves are fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity. The bottom end of each sliding sleeve can penetrate the heating furnace. A sliding plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the plurality of sliding sleeves. Each sliding sleeve's outer wall is provided with an electromagnetic ring fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity. Each sliding sleeve's top outer wall is provided with a magnetic ring fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate. A first elastic element is fitted onto the outer wall of each sliding sleeve. One end of each first elastic element is connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity, and the other end of each first elastic element is connected to the bottom of the sliding plate.

[0009] Preferably, the second sealing assembly includes a plurality of nozzles disposed at the bottom of the positioning device. Each nozzle has a sealing element slidably connected to its outer wall. Each sealing element has a second receiving cavity inside. Each sealing element has a mounting groove on its outer side. A second elastic element is connected between the inner wall of each second receiving cavity and the bottom of the corresponding nozzle. Each mounting groove has a sealing airbag inside. Each sealing element has a communication between the mounting groove and the sealing airbag inside. A limit plate is slidably connected to the outer walls of the plurality of sealing elements.

[0010] Preferably, the mixing mechanism includes a flow tube fixedly connected to the bottom of the extraction vessel, the top end of the flow tube penetrating the extraction vessel and located inside the extraction vessel, the interior of the extraction vessel being provided with a sample chamber fixedly connected to the flow tube, and a flow channel being formed between the outer wall of the sample chamber and the inner side of the extraction vessel.

[0011] Preferably, the flow tube is slidably connected to the outer wall of the extraction vessel, and a third elastic element is connected between the bottom of the first piston plate and the inner wall of the extraction vessel. The bottom of the sample chamber is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed guide grooves and sealing grooves, the guide grooves and the sealing grooves are connected in communication. The top of the first piston plate is fixedly connected with sealing elements corresponding to the positions of the sealing grooves and in the same number. The flow channel is connected to the interior of the sample chamber through the guide grooves and the sealing grooves, and the sealing elements can seal the sealing grooves.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the sample chamber has multiple circumferentially equidistant adjustment grooves. Each adjustment groove has multiple equidistantly distributed protrusions fixedly connected inside. A second piston plate is slidably connected inside the sample chamber. The second piston plate has the same number of sliding grooves corresponding to the positions of the adjustment grooves. Each sliding groove has a movable plate slidably connected inside. Each movable plate has a movable rod slidably connected to the adjustment groove on the side near the adjustment groove. A fourth elastic element is connected between the side of each movable plate away from the adjustment groove and the inner wall of the sliding groove. When the second piston plate moves inside the sample chamber, the movable rod can intermittently contact the protrusions to generate vibration. A sealing ring slidably connected to the inner wall of the sample chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second piston plate.

[0013] Preferably, a filter plate is internally threaded into the flow tube, and filter paper is installed between the top of the filter plate and the bottom of the sample chamber. The filter paper can be fixed between the filter plate and the sample chamber by the filter plate, and multiple filter holes are provided on the filter plate.

[0014] Preferably, when the electromagnetic ring is energized and generates magnetic force, the magnetic ring can contact the electromagnetic ring under the attraction of like magnetic poles and compress the first elastic element.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the heating furnace is provided with a plurality of placement slots corresponding to the positions of the sliding sleeves and in the same number. Each placement slot is equipped with an extraction vessel. The flow pipe at the bottom of each extraction vessel can move inside the corresponding sliding sleeve. The bottom of each sliding sleeve is connected to a collection system.

[0016] A pressurized fluid extraction method includes the following steps: S: Prepare the sample. First, grind the sample to be extracted into powder and fill the sample chamber through the flow tube. S: Installation: Place the extraction vessel containing the sample into the placement tank, and position and seal the extraction vessel using a positioning device and a sealing mechanism; S: Set operating parameters. Based on the experimental requirements and the characteristics of the target compound, set the parameters for temperature, pressure, and time. S: To perform extraction, start the pressurized fluid extraction device to allow the extraction solvent to enter the interior of the extraction vessel. The extraction solvent and sample are uniformly mixed through the mixing mechanism to react and extract the sample. S: Collection, which involves collecting the extracted substances through a collection system.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention, through the setting of a first sealing component and a second sealing component, allows the electromagnetic ring to be de-energized when the pressurized fluid extraction device is working. This causes the extraction vessel to move upward within the placement groove under the action of the first elastic element, allowing the sealing element to be inserted into the corresponding extraction vessel and positioned. Simultaneously, the top of the extraction vessel contacts the bottom of the limiting plate. The positioning device moves downward, causing the extraction vessel to move downward through the limiting plate and compressing the first elastic element to its limit. As the positioning device continues to move downward, the reaction force pushes the limiting plate upward, causing the sealing element to move upward synchronously and compress the second elastic element. This allows the gas inside the second accommodating cavity to enter the sealing airbag, causing the sealing airbag to expand inside the extraction vessel and make tight contact with the inner wall of the extraction vessel, forming a seal. This prevents the extraction solvent from leaking from the top of the extraction vessel and prevents pressure changes caused by solvent leakage from affecting the extraction process. This invention, through the design of a mixing mechanism, allows the extraction solvent to flow through the sealing and guiding channels during extraction, emerging from the bottom of the extraction vessel to uniformly mix the sample inside the sample chamber. This prevents sample accumulation from affecting the filtration effect of the filter plate and filter paper. Simultaneously, when the pressure inside the sample chamber increases, the second piston plate moves upward inside the sample chamber, causing the movable rod to intermittently contact the protrusion and generate vibration. This vibration separates the substances inside the sample chamber, further enhancing the mixing of the sample and the extraction solvent. This effectively prevents the extracted substances from carrying the sample, improving the quality of the extracted substances. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a distribution diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural distribution diagram of the second sealing assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural distribution diagram of the first sealing component of the present invention; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sealing assembly of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second sealing assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure of section A in the middle; Figure 8 This is a structural distribution diagram of the hybrid mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extraction vessel of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the sample chamber structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter plate of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable plate of the present invention; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 12 Enlarged view of the structure of section B in the middle; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first piston plate of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Main body; 11. Collection system; 12. Positioning device; 13. Heating furnace; 14. Extraction vessel; 2. Sealing mechanism; 3. First sealing assembly; 31. First receiving cavity; 32. Sliding sleeve; 33. Sliding plate; 34. Electromagnetic ring; 35. Magnetic ring; 36. First elastic element; 37. Placement groove; 4. Second sealing assembly; 41. Nozzle; 42. Sealing element; 43. Second receiving cavity; 44. Mounting groove; 45. Second elastic element; 46. Sealing airbag; 47. 48. Connecting groove; 5. Limiting plate; 6. Mixing mechanism; 7. Flow tube; 8. Sample chamber; 9. Drainage groove; 10. First piston plate; 11. Third elastic element; 12. Guide groove; 13. Sealing groove; 14. Sealing element; 15. Adjusting groove; 16. Protrusion; 17. Second piston plate; 18. Slide groove; 19. Movable plate; 20. Movable rod; 20. Fourth elastic element; 21. Sealing ring; 32. Filter plate; 43. Filter paper; 54. Filter holes. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 Pressurized fluid extraction utilizes high-pressure fluids to process samples, thereby achieving the separation and extraction of target compounds. There are two main types of extraction processes: isothermal depressurization and isothermal heating. Therefore, when extracting soil samples, it is crucial to ensure the extraction vessel is airtight to prevent solvent leakage, which would negatively impact the extraction efficiency.

[0022] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 3 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a pressurized fluid extraction device, comprising a main body 1, a collection system 11, a positioning device 12, a heating furnace 13, and an extraction vessel 14, and further comprising: The sealing mechanism 2 includes a first sealing component 3 disposed inside the heating furnace 13 and a second sealing component 4 disposed at the bottom of the positioning device 12. Through the cooperation of the first sealing component 3 and the second sealing component 4, the top of the extraction vessel 14 can be sealed to prevent the extraction solvent from leaking from the top of the extraction vessel 14. Mixing mechanism 5 is located inside the extraction vessel 14 and is used to uniformly mix the sample and extraction solvent inside the extraction vessel 14. The pressurized fluid extraction device also includes an extraction solvent supply system and a controller. The extraction solvent supply system supplies extraction solvent to the nozzle 41. The collection system 11 collects the extracted substances. The positioning device 12 is used to position the nozzle 41 and the extraction vessel 14 to ensure that the extraction solvent enters the extraction vessel 14. The controller is electrically connected to the electromagnetic ring 34 and is used to control the on and off of the electromagnetic ring 34. The extraction solvent supply system, controller, collection system 11, positioning device 12 and heating furnace 13 are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0023] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the first sealing assembly 3 includes a first receiving cavity 31 opened at the bottom of the heating furnace 13. A plurality of evenly distributed sliding sleeves 32 are fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity 31. The bottom end of each sliding sleeve 32 can penetrate the heating furnace 13. A sliding plate 33 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the plurality of sliding sleeves 32. An electromagnetic ring 34 is provided on the outer wall of each sliding sleeve 32 and fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity 31. A magnetic ring 35 is provided on the top outer wall of each sliding sleeve 32 and fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate 33. A first elastic member 36 is sleeved on the outer wall of each sliding sleeve 32. One end of each first elastic member 36 is connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity 31, and the other end of each first elastic member 36 is connected to the bottom of the sliding plate 33. like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the second sealing assembly 4 includes a plurality of nozzles 41 disposed at the bottom of the positioning device 12. Each nozzle 41 has a sealing element 42 slidably connected to its outer wall. Each sealing element 42 has a second receiving cavity 43 inside. Each sealing element 42 has an installation groove 44 on its outer side. A second elastic element 45 is connected between the inner wall of each second receiving cavity 43 and the bottom of the corresponding nozzle 41. Each installation groove 44 has a sealing airbag 46 inside. Each sealing element 42 has a communicating groove 47 connecting the installation groove 44 and the sealing airbag 46 inside. Limiting plates 48 are slidably connected to the outer walls of the plurality of sealing elements 42. like Figure 3 As shown, the positions of the nozzles 41 correspond to the positions of the placement tanks 37, and the number of nozzles 41 is the same. The nozzles 41 can inject extraction solvent into the extraction vessel 14 in the placement tank 37. The sealing member 42 can be inserted into the interior of the extraction vessel 14 in the corresponding placement tank 37. The diameter of the sealing member 42 is smaller than the inner diameter of the top of the extraction vessel 14. Figure 14 As shown, the inner top wall of the extraction vessel 14 can be provided with a wedge-shaped groove, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the bottom of the seal 42 can be wedge-shaped to facilitate the insertion of the seal 42 into the interior of the extraction vessel 14; When the electromagnetic ring 34 is energized and generates magnetic force, the magnetic ring 35 can come into contact with the electromagnetic ring 34 under the attraction of like magnetic poles and squeeze the first elastic member 36. The top of the heating furnace 13 has multiple placement slots 37 that correspond to the positions of the sliding sleeves 32 and are the same in number. Each placement slot 37 is equipped with an extraction vessel 14. The flow pipe 51 at the bottom of each extraction vessel 14 can move inside the corresponding sliding sleeve 32. The bottom of each sliding sleeve 32 is connected to the collection system 11.

[0024] In pressurized fluid extraction technology, commonly used high-pressure fluids include supercritical fluids, liquid carbonates, and liquid ammonia. The specific fluid chosen depends on the properties of the target compound and the characteristics of the sample. There are two main types of extraction processes: isothermal depressurization, which separates the supercritical fluid from the solute after depressurization, and isothermal heating, which separates the solute from the solvent by heating the supercritical fluid. Commonly used solvents for supercritical fluids include CO2, H2O, C2H6, C3H6, NH3, and toluene. CO2 can also be used as an extraction solvent. The critical temperature and critical pressure of CO2 are 31.05℃ and 7.38 MPa, respectively. Above these critical points, CO2 exhibits dual characteristics of both gas and liquid; it approximates both gas and liquid properties, with similar viscosity and density, but with a much larger diffusion coefficient. Existing techniques are not detailed here.

[0025] Under normal conditions, when the pressurized fluid extraction device is not working, the electromagnetic ring 34 is energized to generate magnetic force. The magnetic ring 35 can contact the electromagnetic ring 34 under the attraction of like poles and compress the first elastic element 36. During use, when the extraction vessel 14 containing the sample is placed into the placement groove 37, the flow tube 51 at the bottom of each extraction vessel 14 is inside the corresponding sliding sleeve 32, and the bottom of the extraction vessel 14 contacts the top of the sliding plate 33. When the pressurized fluid extraction device is working, the electromagnetic ring 34 is de-energized, and the first elastic element 36 elastically resets, causing the extraction vessel 14 to move upwards inside the placement groove 37 under the action of the first elastic element 36. This allows the sealing element 42 to be inserted into the corresponding extraction vessel 14, positioning it and ensuring that the extraction solvent can be injected into the corresponding extraction vessel 14 through the nozzle 41. Simultaneously, the top of the extraction vessel 14 will contact the limiting element. The bottom of plate 48 contacts and limits the movement of the positioning device 12 downward. The limiting plate 48 causes the extraction vessel 14 to move downward synchronously and compress the first elastic element 36. When the first elastic element 36 is compressed to its limit, the positioning device 12 continues to move downward. At this time, the reaction force of the first elastic element 36 will push the limiting plate 48 upward through the extraction vessel 14, causing the sealing element 42 to move upward synchronously on the outer wall of the nozzle 41 and compress the second elastic element 45. This allows the gas inside the second receiving cavity 43 to enter the interior of the sealing airbag 46 through the connecting groove 47, causing the sealing airbag 46 to expand inside the extraction vessel 14 and make tight contact with the inner wall of the extraction vessel 14 to form a seal. This prevents the extraction solvent from leaking from the top of the extraction vessel 14, ensures the pressure inside the extraction vessel 14, and prevents pressure changes caused by extraction solvent leakage from affecting the extraction.

[0026] The elastic coefficient of the second elastic element 45 can be greater than that of the first elastic element 36, so that the first elastic element 36 is compressed preferentially. The elastic coefficients of the first elastic element 36 and the second elastic element 45 can also be the same, so that the first elastic element 36 and the second elastic element 45 are compressed synchronously during the downward movement of the positioning device 12, and the sealing airbag 46 inserted into the extraction vessel 14 can still expand and seal.

[0027] By configuring the first sealing component 3 and the second sealing component 4, when the pressurized fluid extraction device is working, the electromagnetic ring 34 is de-energized, causing the extraction vessel 14 to move upward inside the placement groove 37 under the action of the first elastic member 36. This allows the sealing member 42 to be inserted into the corresponding extraction vessel 14, positioning the extraction vessel 14. Simultaneously, the top of the extraction vessel 14 contacts the bottom of the limiting plate 48, and the positioning device 12 moves downward. Through the limiting plate 48, the extraction vessel 14 moves downward and squeezes the first elastic member 36 to its limit. As the positioning device 12 continues to move downward, the reaction force pushes the limiting plate 48 upward, causing the sealing member 42 to move upward synchronously, squeezing the second elastic member 45. This allows the gas inside the second receiving cavity 43 to enter the sealing airbag 46, causing the sealing airbag 46 to expand inside the extraction vessel 14 and make tight contact with the inner wall of the extraction vessel 14, forming a seal. This prevents the extraction solvent from leaking from the top of the extraction vessel 14, thus preventing pressure changes caused by solvent leakage from affecting the extraction process.

[0028] Example 2 Based on the above embodiments, due to the adsorption properties of soil materials, when extracting soil samples, if the extraction solvent directly enters the extraction vessel, it will not be able to mix fully with the soil sample, resulting in a slower extraction efficiency. Furthermore, the extracted material carries some of the sample due to adsorption, affecting the quality of the extracted material.

[0029] Please see Figure 8 - Figure 14 The mixing mechanism 5 includes a flow tube 51 fixedly connected to the bottom of the extraction vessel 14. The top end of the flow tube 51 passes through the extraction vessel 14 and is located inside the extraction vessel 14. The interior of the extraction vessel 14 is provided with a sample chamber 52 fixedly connected to the flow tube 51. A flow channel 53 is formed between the outer wall of the sample chamber 52 and the inner side of the extraction vessel 14.

[0030] like Figure 9 As shown, the flow tube 51 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the extraction vessel 14. A third elastic element 55 is connected between the bottom of the first piston plate 54 and the inner wall of the extraction vessel 14. The bottom of the sample chamber 52 is provided with multiple evenly distributed guide grooves 56 and sealing grooves 57. The guide grooves 56 and sealing grooves 57 are connected. The top of the first piston plate 54 is fixedly connected with sealing elements 58 that correspond to the position of the sealing grooves 57 and are the same in number. The flow channel 53 is connected to the interior of the sample chamber 52 through the guide grooves 56 and sealing grooves 57. The sealing elements 58 can seal the sealing grooves 57. Under normal conditions, that is, when there is no extraction solvent inside the extraction vessel 14, the sealing elements 58 can seal the sealing grooves 57 under the action of the third elastic element 55.

[0031] like Figure 10As shown, the inner wall of the sample chamber 52 has multiple circumferentially equidistant adjustment grooves 59, and each adjustment groove 59 has multiple equidistantly distributed protrusions 510 fixedly connected inside. A second piston plate 511 is slidably connected inside the sample chamber 52. Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the second piston plate 511 has the same number of sliding grooves 512 as the adjustment groove 59. Each sliding groove 512 is slidably connected to a movable plate 513. Each movable plate 513 is fixedly connected to a movable rod 514 that is slidably connected to the adjustment groove 59 on the side closest to the adjustment groove 59. A fourth elastic element 515 is connected between the side of each movable plate 513 away from the adjustment groove 59 and the inner wall of the sliding groove 512. When the second piston plate 511 moves inside the sample chamber 52, the movable rod 514 can intermittently contact the protrusion 510 to generate vibration. The bottom of the second piston plate 511 is fixedly connected to a sealing ring 516 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sample chamber 52. Under normal conditions, the movable rod 514 is in contact with the inner wall of the adjusting groove 59. When the second piston plate 511 moves, the movable rod 514 will contact the protrusion 510. At this time, the movable plate 513 moves inside the sliding groove 512 and squeezes the fourth elastic element 515. When the movable rod 514 no longer contacts the protrusion 510, the fourth elastic element 515 elastically resets, causing the movable rod 514 to quickly collide with the inner wall of the adjusting groove 59. Thus, the contact between the movable rod 514 and multiple protrusions 510 causes the collision with the inner wall of the adjusting groove 59 to generate vibration. When the second piston plate 511 moves inside the sample chamber 52, the sealing ring 516 can seal the adjusting groove 59. The top of the sample chamber 52 is wedge-shaped, which is intended to make the space at the top of the guide channel 56 larger than the space at the bottom, thereby increasing the pressure of the extraction solvent flowing out from the bottom of the extraction vessel 14. The larger space at the top of the guide channel 56 also facilitates the entry of the extraction solvent into the interior of the guide channel 53.

[0032] like Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, a filter plate 517 is internally threaded into the flow tube 51. Filter paper 518 is installed between the top of the filter plate 517 and the bottom of the sample chamber 52. The filter paper 518 can be fixed between the filter plate 517 and the sample chamber 52 through the filter plate 517. Multiple filter holes 519 are provided on the filter plate 517. A hexagonal groove is provided at the bottom of the filter plate 517 for the disassembly and installation of a hexagonal wrench.

[0033] In use, the extraction vessel 14 is flipped so that the bottom of the flow tube 51 faces upward. The operator first removes the filter plate 517 inside the flow tube 51, and then fills the sample through the flow tube 51 so that the sample enters the sample chamber 52. Then, the filter paper 518 and the filter plate 517 are installed in sequence. The filter paper 518 can be fixed between the filter plate 517 and the sample chamber 52 by the filter plate 517. The soil sample is restricted and filtered by the filter plate 517 and the filter paper 518 to prevent the soil from falling directly.

[0034] It should be noted that during extraction, the extraction solvent entering the extraction vessel 14 through the nozzle 41 accumulates inside the guide channel 53, increasing the pressure. This causes the first piston plate 54 to move downwards inside the extraction vessel 14, squeezing the third elastic element 55. The first piston plate 54 then drives the sealing element 58 downwards, disengaging from the sealing channel 57. This allows the extraction solvent to pass through the sealing channel 57 and the guide channel 56, flowing out at the bottom of the extraction vessel 14 and mixing the sample inside the sample chamber 52. Because the top of the guide channel 56 has a large space while the bottom has a small space, the pressure of the extraction solvent flowing out from the bottom of the extraction vessel 14 increases, ensuring continuous turbulence and mixing of the sample inside the sample chamber 52, creating agitation. This process ensures uniform mixing of the sample and extraction solvent, preventing sample accumulation from affecting the filtration efficiency of the filter plate 517 and filter paper 518. Simultaneously, as the pressure inside the sample chamber 52 increases, it pushes the second piston plate 511 upwards within the chamber. The movable rod 514 intermittently contacts the protrusion 510, generating vibration. The sealing ring 516 at the bottom of the second piston plate 511 seals the adjusting groove 59. This vibration causes separation of substances within the sample chamber 52, reducing the adsorption of the sample and further ensuring uniform mixing of the sample with the extraction solvent. Combined with the filtration of the filter plate 517 and filter paper 518, this effectively prevents the extracted substances from carrying the sample, improving the quality of the extracted substances.

[0035] By configuring the mixing mechanism 5, the present invention allows the extraction solvent to flow through the sealing groove 57 and the guide groove 56 during extraction, and to gush out from the bottom of the extraction vessel 14, uniformly mixing the sample inside the sample chamber 52. This prevents sample accumulation from affecting the filtration effect of the filter plate 517 and the filter paper 518. At the same time, when the pressure inside the sample chamber 52 increases, the second piston plate 511 moves upward inside the sample chamber 52, causing the movable rod 514 to intermittently contact the protrusion 510 and generate vibration. This vibration can separate the substances inside the sample chamber 52, further mixing the sample with the extraction solvent. This effectively prevents the extracted substances from carrying the sample and improves the quality of the extracted substances.

[0036] Example 3 A pressurized fluid extraction method includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the sample. First, grind the sample to be extracted into powder and fill the sample chamber 52 with the sample through the flow tube 51. S2: Installation: Place the extraction vessel 14 containing the sample into the placement tank 37, and position and seal the extraction vessel 14 using the positioning device 12 and the sealing mechanism 2. S3: Set operating parameters. Based on the experimental requirements and the characteristics of the target compound, set the parameters for temperature, pressure, and time. S4: Perform extraction. Start the pressurized fluid extraction device to allow the extraction solvent to enter the interior of the extraction vessel 14. The extraction solvent and sample are uniformly mixed by the mixing mechanism 5, and the sample is reacted and extracted by the extraction solvent. S5: Collection, the extracted substances are collected through collection system 11.

[0037] It should be noted that the present invention uses supercritical carbon dioxide extraction technology, which can separate the solvent and solute by constant temperature and pressure reduction. That is, liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the interior of the extraction vessel 14, so that the liquid carbon dioxide is uniformly mixed with the internal sample. Then the outflowing liquid is depressurized to vaporize the carbon dioxide, so that the carried substances are separated from the carbon dioxide. This is a substance extraction, which is an existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressurized fluid extraction apparatus, comprising a main body, a collection system, a positioning device, a heating furnace, and an extraction vessel, characterized in that, Also includes: The sealing mechanism includes a first sealing component disposed inside the heating furnace and a second sealing component disposed at the bottom of the positioning device. Through the cooperation of the first sealing component and the second sealing component, the top of the extraction vessel can be sealed to prevent the extraction solvent from leaking from the top of the extraction vessel. A mixing mechanism is disposed inside the extraction vessel to ensure uniform mixing of the sample and the extraction solvent inside the extraction vessel. The mixing mechanism includes a flow tube fixedly connected to the bottom of the extraction vessel. The top end of the flow tube penetrates the extraction vessel and is located inside the extraction vessel. The interior of the extraction vessel is provided with a sample chamber fixedly connected to the flow tube. A flow channel is formed between the outer wall of the sample chamber and the inner side of the extraction vessel. The flow tube is slidably connected to the outer wall of the extraction vessel. A third elastic element is connected between the bottom of the first piston plate and the inner wall of the extraction vessel. The bottom of the sample chamber has multiple evenly distributed guide grooves and sealing grooves. The guide grooves and sealing grooves are connected. The top of the first piston plate is fixedly connected to a sealing element that corresponds to the position of the sealing groove and has the same number. The flow channel is connected to the interior of the sample chamber through the guide grooves and sealing grooves. The sealing element can seal the sealing groove. The inner wall of the sample chamber has multiple circumferentially equidistant adjustment slots. Each adjustment slot has multiple equidistantly distributed protrusions fixedly connected inside. A second piston plate is slidably connected inside the sample chamber. The second piston plate has the same number of sliding grooves corresponding to the positions of the adjustment slots. Each sliding groove has a movable plate slidably connected inside. Each movable plate has a movable rod slidably connected to the adjustment slot on the side closest to the adjustment slot. A fourth elastic element is connected between the side of each movable plate away from the adjustment slot and the inner wall of the sliding groove. When the second piston plate moves inside the sample chamber, the movable rod can intermittently contact the protrusions to generate vibration. A sealing ring slidably connected to the inner wall of the sample chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second piston plate.

2. The pressurized fluid extraction apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sealing assembly includes a first receiving cavity formed at the bottom of the heating furnace. A plurality of evenly distributed sliding sleeves are fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity. The bottom end of each sliding sleeve can penetrate the heating furnace. A sliding plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the plurality of sliding sleeves. An electromagnetic ring is provided on the outer wall of each sliding sleeve and fixedly connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity. A magnetic ring is provided on the top outer wall of each sliding sleeve and fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate. A first elastic member is fitted on the outer wall of each sliding sleeve. One end of each first elastic member is connected to the bottom inner wall of the first receiving cavity, and the other end of each first elastic member is connected to the bottom of the sliding plate.

3. The pressurized fluid extraction apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second sealing assembly includes a plurality of nozzles disposed at the bottom of the positioning device. Each nozzle has a sealing element slidably connected to its outer wall. Each sealing element has a second receiving cavity inside. Each sealing element has a mounting groove on its outer side. A second elastic element is connected between the inner wall of each second receiving cavity and the bottom of the corresponding nozzle. Each mounting groove has a sealing airbag inside. Each sealing element has a communicating groove inside that connects the mounting groove and the sealing airbag. A limit plate is slidably connected to the outer walls of the plurality of sealing elements.

4. The pressurized fluid extraction apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow tube is internally threaded with a filter plate. Filter paper is installed between the top of the filter plate and the bottom of the sample chamber. The filter paper can be fixed between the filter plate and the sample chamber through the filter plate. The filter plate has multiple filter holes.

5. The pressurized fluid extraction apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the electromagnetic ring is energized and generates magnetic force, the magnetic ring can come into contact with the electromagnetic ring under the attraction of like magnetic poles and squeeze the first elastic element.

6. The pressurized fluid extraction apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the heating furnace is provided with multiple placement slots corresponding to the positions of the sliding sleeves and in the same number. Each placement slot is equipped with an extraction vessel. The flow pipe at the bottom of each extraction vessel can move inside the corresponding sliding sleeve. The bottom of each sliding sleeve is connected to a collection system.

7. A pressurized fluid extraction method, employing the pressurized fluid extraction apparatus of claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Prepare the sample. First, grind the sample to be extracted into powder and fill the sample chamber through the flow tube. S2: Installation: Place the extraction vessel containing the sample into the placement tank, and position and seal the extraction vessel using a positioning device and a sealing mechanism. S3: Set operating parameters. Based on the experimental requirements and the characteristics of the target compound, set the parameters for temperature, pressure, and time. S4: Perform extraction. Start the pressurized fluid extraction device to allow the extraction solvent to enter the interior of the extraction vessel. The extraction solvent and sample are uniformly mixed through the mixing mechanism to react and extract the sample. S5: Collection, which involves collecting the extracted substances through a collection system.

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