Reverse machining method and machining tool for taper connecting hole of disc shaft assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a reverse machining method and machining tool for a conical connecting hole of a disc shaft assembly. The machining tool is provided with a tool positioning stopper, and the tool positioning stopper is always attached to the tool handle during installation, so that the installation position of the tool is always uniform, the hole diameter position is kept unchanged during machining of each hole, the consistency of the machined hole diameter is high, the machining stability and machining quality are improved, the position of the tool does not need to be repeatedly adjusted, the machining efficiency is improved, and the stability of the shaft and the disc during machining is improved by fixing the bottom hole through two different positioning pins before and after machining, the matching of different hole diameters and the positioning pins is improved, the machining precision and stability are ensured, and the machining quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of reverse machining technology for disc shaft assemblies, and relates to a reverse machining method and machining tool for tapered connecting holes of disc shaft assemblies. Background Technology

[0002] A certain machine's disc shaft assembly uses a tapered connecting hole. The axle length is approximately 2000mm. At the disc shaft connection point near one end of the shaft, due to the excessive shaft length, the tapered connecting hole cannot be machined in the forward direction and must be machined in the reverse direction. (See [reference]). Figure 1 .

[0003] However, due to the high precision requirements of the tapered connecting holes in the disc shaft assembly, the machining stability is usually poor and the machining efficiency is low, resulting in low consistency of the machined tapered connecting holes and certain deviations in the hole diameter, which reduces the machining quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of poor stability, low consistency of the machined tapered connecting holes, certain deviations in hole diameter, low processing efficiency and quality in the prior art when machining tapered connecting holes of disc shaft assemblies. This invention provides a reverse machining method and machining tool for tapered connecting holes of disc shaft assemblies.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A reverse machining method for a tapered connecting hole in a disc-shaft assembly includes the following steps:

[0007] Each shaft and disc has a separate bottom hole machined at the connection point.

[0008] The shaft and disc are fixedly mounted on the fixture, and the first locating pin is installed at the partial connection hole of the shaft and disc for fixation;

[0009] The cutting tool is installed on the tool holder of the processing equipment. A tool positioning stop is provided on the cutting tool, and the tool positioning stop fits against the tool holder.

[0010] For the bottom hole without the first locating pin installed, the tool moves in the opposite direction along the bottom hole to obtain a tapered hole;

[0011] Install the second locating pin in the already machined tapered hole, remove the installed first locating pin, and repeat the machining process to machine the remaining hole diameter until all tapered holes are machined.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that:

[0013] The diameter of the bottom hole is D2 = D1 - 0.3 mm, where D1 represents the diameter of the small end of the tapered hole to be processed.

[0014] When the tool performs reverse machining along the bottom hole, the tool feed rate S = L - L1 + H;

[0015] Once the shaft and disc are assembled and fixed, a tapered hole positioning point is set at the bottom hole of the connection, and the distance from the tapered hole positioning point to the large end of the tapered hole to be machined is H.

[0016] A tool positioning point is set on the tool, the distance from the tool positioning point to the tool positioning stop is L, and the diameter d at the tool positioning point is the same as the diameter D of the tapered hole positioning point;

[0017] The distance from the large end of the tapered hole to be machined to the tool positioning stop is L1.

[0018] The diameter of the first locating pin is d1 = D2 - 0.05 mm, where D2 represents the diameter of the bottom hole.

[0019] The diameter d2 of the second locating pin is D, where D represents the diameter D of the tapered hole locating point.

[0020] It also includes a clamping stop at one end of the shaft;

[0021] Support blocks are spaced apart at the lower end of the shaft along the axial direction.

[0022] The support block is a V-shaped support block.

[0023] It also includes countersinking. When the shaft and disc are fixedly mounted on the fixture, the bottom hole at the connection is countersinked. The diameter of the countersinking is D3 = D2 + 0.1 mm, where D2 represents the diameter of the bottom hole.

[0024] A tool for reverse machining of a tapered connecting hole in a disc shaft assembly includes a tool machining section, which has a tapered structure, and the small end of the tool machining section is sequentially connected to a tool extension section and a tool connecting section;

[0025] The diameter of the tool extension is larger than the diameter of the tool connection, and a tool positioning stop is formed at the tool extension and the tool connection.

[0026] The tool connecting part is used to connect the tool holder on the processing equipment. When the tool connecting part is installed on the tool holder, the end face of the tool extension near the tool connecting part abuts against the end face of the tool holder.

[0027] The tool machining section is provided with a tool positioning point, the diameter of which is d. A tapered hole positioning point is provided at the bottom hole to be machined, the diameter of which is D, where d = D.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] This invention discloses a reverse machining method for tapered connecting holes in disc-shaft assemblies. During machining, a tool positioning stop is set on the tool, and during installation, the tool positioning stop is always in contact with the tool holder to ensure that the tool installation position is always consistent. This ensures that the machined hole diameter position remains consistent when the tool is machining each hole, resulting in high consistency of the machined hole diameter, improving machining stability and quality. It eliminates the need for repeated adjustments to the tool position, thus improving machining efficiency. Furthermore, two different positioning pins are used to fix the bottom hole before and after machining, improving the matching between different hole diameter requirements and the positioning pins, ensuring the stability of the shaft and disc during machining, and guaranteeing machining accuracy and stability.

[0030] Furthermore, in this invention, the feed rate of the tool is limited based on the positioning points on the tool and the hole diameter, ensuring that the two positioning points always coincide during machining, resulting in high machining accuracy and consistency of the tapered hole.

[0031] Furthermore, in this invention, a clamping block is provided at one end of the shaft. During processing, the clamping block can abut against the clamp to prevent excessive axial force from causing the part to move when processing the part in reverse. At the lower end of the shaft, support blocks are provided at intervals along the axial direction to provide stable support points and ensure that the axis of the part is horizontal.

[0032] This invention discloses a tool for reverse machining of tapered connecting holes in a disc-shaft assembly. During machining, a tool positioning stop is provided on the tool, and during installation, the tool positioning stop is always in contact with the tool holder, ensuring that the tool installation position is always consistent. This ensures that the machined hole diameter position remains consistent when the tool is machining each hole, resulting in high consistency of the machined hole diameter, improving machining stability and quality. It eliminates the need for repeated adjustments to the tool position, improving machining efficiency. Furthermore, two different positioning pins are used to fix the bottom hole before and after machining, improving the matching between different hole diameter requirements and the positioning pins, ensuring the stability of the shaft and disc during machining, and guaranteeing machining accuracy and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the parts assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view at point F;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp stop block installation according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the K-direction of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the cutting tool of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the first locating pin of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 End diagram;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the second locating pin of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 End diagram;

[0043] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the tapered holes after labeling;

[0044] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the clamping and retraction positions of a reverse tapered reamer.

[0045] Wherein: 1-Tool machining section; 2-Tool extension section; 3-Tool connection section; 4-First disc; 5-Second disc; 6-Shaft; 7-Clamping stop; 8-First locating pin; 9-Second locating pin. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0047] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0048] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0053] See Figure 1 This invention discloses a reverse machining method for tapered connecting holes in disc shaft assemblies. By designing a special fixing fixture, reverse cutting tool, tapered hole measuring tool, and process pin, and performing layered machining, the method solves the problems of poor stability and low efficiency in reverse machining of precision tapered connecting holes.

[0054] Specifically, the following steps are included:

[0055] Step 1: Machin a pilot hole separately at the connection between the shaft and the disc;

[0056] In this step, see Figures 1 to 4 It includes a first disc 4, a second disc 5, and a shaft 6, wherein the first disc 4 and the second disc 5 are fitted onto the shaft 6, and the diameters of the discs and the shaft are machined separately, with the connecting tapered holes distributed circumferentially.

[0057] Specifically:

[0058] The diameter of the bottom hole to be machined is D2 = D1 - 0.3 mm, where D1 represents the diameter of the small end of the tapered hole to be machined.

[0059] Step 2: Design a dedicated fixing clamp

[0060] Specifically:

[0061] At the lower end of shaft 6, select the first support point A and the second support point B along the axial direction, and place V-shaped support blocks at the first support point A and the second support point B. Calculate the V-shaped dimensions to ensure that the axis of the part is horizontal.

[0062] A clamping block 7 is set at one end of the shaft 6. The clamping block 7 ensures that the axial force is too large when the part is processed in reverse, so as not to cause the part to move.

[0063] Step 3: Design the reverse machining tool

[0064] Specifically:

[0065] This invention discloses a tool for reverse machining of a tapered connecting hole in a disc shaft assembly, comprising a tool machining section 1, which has a tapered structure, with a tool extension section 2 and a tool connecting section 3 connected sequentially at its small end; the diameter of the tool extension section 2 is larger than the diameter of the tool connecting section 3, and a tool positioning stop is formed at the tool extension section 2 and the tool connecting section 3; the tool connecting section 3 is used to connect to a tool holder on a machining equipment, and when the tool connecting section 3 is installed on the tool holder, the end face of the tool extension section 2 near the tool connecting section 3 abuts against the end face of the tool holder.

[0066] The tool machining section 1 is provided with a tool positioning point with a diameter of d. A tapered hole positioning point is provided at the bottom hole to be machined with a diameter of D. When the tool diameter d coincides with the hole diameter D, the hole diameter meets the drawing requirements.

[0067] A positioning stop is designed at position L to the right of the tool's fixed diameter d. (See...) Figure 5 To ensure the consistency of the fixed diameter d position after the tool is clamped, the tool helix direction is designed to allow the tool to move forward and remove chips during machining.

[0068] Step 4: Fix the shaft and disc onto the fixture, and install the first locating pin 8 at the connection hole of the shaft and disc for fixation.

[0069] Specifically:

[0070] Step 4.1: Manufacturing Process Pins

[0071] See Figures 6 to 7 Manufacture the first locating pin 8. The dimensions of the first locating pin 8 are: diameter d1 = bottom hole diameter D2 - 0.05mm.

[0072] See Figures 8 to 9Make a second locating pin 9, with a fixed point diameter d2 = D on the second locating pin 9, where D represents the diameter D of the cone hole locating point.

[0073] Step 4.2: Install process pins

[0074] Assemble the first disc 4, the second disc 5, and the shaft 6 as required. Arrange the tapered holes counter-clockwise, marking them 1-20. (See attached diagram) Figure 10 Install the first locating pin 8 at the even-numbered hole position.

[0075] Step 4.3: Clamping and aligning the parts

[0076] Clamp the part onto the fixture, requiring Figure 10 Holes 1-10 shown are located above the axis of the shaft. The axis of the part should be horizontal when using a dial indicator.

[0077] Step 5: Rough countersinking of the bottom hole

[0078] Align the bottom hole 1 of the part, determine the position of the remaining bottom holes through the program, and sample and correct the position of the remaining holes. Countersink the bottom holes of the assembly to D3 = D2 + 0.1 (D2 is the diameter of the bottom hole machined separately) to eliminate the concentricity error of the bottom holes of the part.

[0079] Step 6: Install the cutting tool onto the tool holder of the processing equipment. The cutting tool is provided with a tool positioning stop, which fits against the tool holder.

[0080] Specifically:

[0081] Move the spindle to position 1, pass it through the bottom hole, and clamp the reverse reamer onto the spindle, ensuring the tool positioning stop is flush with the tool holder. (See below) Figure 11 .

[0082] Step 7: Start machining the bottom hole where the first locating pin 8 is not installed. The tool moves in the opposite direction along the bottom hole to obtain a tapered hole.

[0083] Specifically:

[0084] To ensure that the tool diameter d coincides with the hole diameter D, the relationship L1 between the tool holder and the H datum is determined by setting up a coordinate system. (See [reference]). Figure 10 By utilizing the precise movement of the CNC machine tool and the calculated tool feed rate S = L - L1 + H, the fixed-point diameter d of the tool and the fixed-point diameter D of the tapered hole are made coincident.

[0085] Furthermore, a layered countersinking taper hole is made using a pecking drill pattern, leaving a 3mm allowance in the depth direction. The cutter is retracted to the hole opening and paused to ensure that the coolant washes away the chips in the cutting edge, preventing chipping during machining.

[0086] Furthermore, the holes numbered 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 are processed one by one.

[0087] The hole diameter is measured using a special conical measuring tool, and the hole diameter allowance is converted into a depth allowance. If the measured allowance is small compared with the theoretical allowance, compensation machining is performed based on the measured value.

[0088] If the parameters differ significantly from the theoretical values, allowances of 2mm and 1mm will be added for further processing, measurement, and correction.

[0089] Step 8: Install the second locating pin 9 in the already machined tapered hole, remove the installed first locating pin 8, and repeat the machining process to machine the remaining hole diameter until all tapered holes are machined.

[0090] Specifically:

[0091] Install the second locating pin 9 at the machined holes 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9. Remove the first locating pin 8 from the unmachined holes. Repeat steps 5 to 7 to complete the machining of the remaining holes above the axis.

[0092] Step 9: Further, loosen the clamp, rotate the part to place holes 11-20 above the shaft axis, and repeat steps 4.3 to 8 above to complete the machining of the other half of the tapered hole.

[0093] The cutting tool and machining method disclosed in this embodiment include a tool positioning stop on the tool during machining. During installation, the tool positioning stop is always in contact with the tool holder, ensuring a consistent tool installation position. This ensures that the machined hole diameter remains consistent for each hole machined, resulting in high consistency of the machined hole diameter. This improves machining stability and quality, eliminates the need for repeated tool position adjustments, and increases machining efficiency. Furthermore, two different positioning pins are used to fix the tool before and after machining the bottom hole, improving the compatibility between different hole diameter requirements and the positioning pins. This ensures the stability of the shaft and disc during machining, guaranteeing machining accuracy and stability.

[0094] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reverse machining of tapered connecting holes in a disc-shaft assembly, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Each shaft and disc has a separate bottom hole machined at the connection point. The shaft and disc are fixedly mounted on the fixture, and the first positioning pin (8) is installed at the partial connection hole of the shaft and disc for fixation; The cutting tool is installed on the tool holder of the processing equipment. A tool positioning stop is provided on the cutting tool, and the tool positioning stop fits against the tool holder. For the bottom hole without the first locating pin (8) installed, the tool performs reverse machining along the bottom hole to obtain a tapered hole; Install the second locating pin (9) in the already machined tapered hole, remove the installed first locating pin (8), repeat the machining process, and machine the remaining hole diameter until all tapered holes are machined; The diameter of the bottom hole is D2 = D1 - 0.3 mm, where D1 represents the diameter of the small end of the tapered hole to be processed; When the tool performs reverse machining along the bottom hole, the tool feed rate S = L - L1 + H; Once the shaft and disc are assembled and fixed, a tapered hole positioning point is set at the bottom hole of the connection, and the distance from the tapered hole positioning point to the large end of the tapered hole to be machined is H. A tool positioning point is set on the tool, the distance from the tool positioning point to the tool positioning stop is L, and the diameter d at the tool positioning point is the same as the diameter D of the tapered hole positioning point; The distance from the large end of the tapered hole to be machined to the tool positioning stop is L1; It also includes a clamping stop (7) at one end of the shaft; Support blocks are spaced apart at the lower end of the shaft along the axial direction.

2. The reverse machining method for the tapered connecting hole of a disc shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the first locating pin is d1 = D2 - 0.05 mm.

3. The reverse machining method for the tapered connecting hole of a disc-shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the second locating pin is d2=D.

4. The reverse machining method for the tapered connecting hole of a disc-shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support block is a V-shaped support block.

5. The reverse machining method for a tapered connecting hole in a disc-shaft assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes countersinking. When the shaft and disc are fixedly mounted on the fixture, the bottom hole at the connection is countersinked. The diameter of the countersinking is D3 = D2 + 0.1 mm.

6. A tool for reverse machining of a tapered connecting hole in a disc-shaft assembly, used to perform the reverse machining method for a tapered connecting hole in a disc-shaft assembly as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a tool processing section (1), which has a tapered structure, and the small end of the tool processing section (1) is connected to a tool extension section (2) and a tool connecting section (3) in sequence. The diameter of the tool extension (2) is larger than the diameter of the tool connecting part (3), and a tool positioning stop is formed at the tool extension (2) and the tool connecting part (3); The tool connecting part (3) is used to connect the tool holder on the processing equipment. When the tool connecting part (3) is installed on the tool holder, the end face of the tool extension part (2) near the tool connecting part (3) abuts against the end face of the tool holder.

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