A hoisting method for air ducts in a shaft

Abstract

The application discloses a hoisting construction method for air ducts in a vertical shaft, which comprises the following steps: S1, construction preparation, and making at least one wall of the vertical shaft to be in a non-constructed or demolished state; S2, adding a hoisting structure at the top of the ventilation vertical shaft; S3, reserving a hole on the ground of each layer of the vertical shaft to set up a construction platform; S4, assembling a hoisting device; S5, assembling the air ducts with the hoisting device, hoisting and positioning the air ducts in multiple sections by using the hoisting device: assembling the first section of air ducts with the hoisting device, lifting the first section of air ducts to a height higher than the second section of air ducts and lower than the bottom of the reserved hole of the top plate of the bottom layer of the vertical shaft, then stopping the lifting, firmly connecting the second section of air ducts with the first section of air ducts through flanges, then integrally lifting the second section of air ducts for the second time, and sequentially completing the hoisting and positioning of the third section of air ducts to the last section of air ducts until the hoisting of the whole section of air ducts is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of duct hoisting technology, specifically to a method for hoisting ducts in a vertical shaft. Background Technology

[0002] As building functions become increasingly diverse and renovation projects become more frequent, mechanical and electrical shafts are becoming increasingly important, and the installation of pipelines involved is also becoming more challenging. Ventilation system shafts are often constructed with large pre-reserved openings in the ground, and regardless of whether it's a new construction project or a renovation, the base and top slabs of the shaft are usually completed before the ductwork is installed. With duct sizes increasing, duct installation within each floor of the shaft becomes increasingly difficult. In some projects, the installation of ductwork is extremely challenging because two or even three walls of the shaft have already been constructed.

[0003] The applicant's earlier application CN114893623A discloses a duct installation structure and construction method for a narrow vertical shaft. The duct installation structure includes four supporting rails, all vertically arranged and fixedly installed on the shaft wall at the four outer corners of the duct. The planar projection points of the four supporting rails are located at the four corner points of the same rectangle, and the central axis of the rectangle coincides with the central axis of the duct. Vertically extending grooves are correspondingly formed on the sides of two supporting rails arranged opposite each other along the shaft depth direction, and horizontal support screws are slidably installed within these grooves. The rod is horizontally set, with its body diameter smaller than the opening width of the chute, and the diameter of its screw head and fastening nut larger than the opening width of the chute. One end of the rod with the screw head is slidably embedded in the support rail set on the side of the shaft wall away from the construction opening, and the other end of the rod with the fastening nut is slidably embedded in the support rail set on the side of the shaft wall with the construction opening. Part of the horizontal bracing screw supports the bottom end face of the duct flange. The fastening nut is sleeved on the rod body that extends from the horizontal bracing screw into the support rail. The support rail near the fastening nut has an operating port for construction personnel to tighten the fastening nut. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for hoisting and constructing air ducts in vertical shafts, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for hoisting and constructing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft, comprising:

[0006] S1. Construction preparation, ensuring that at least one wall of the shaft is in an unconstructed or demolished state;

[0007] S2. Add a lifting structure to the top of the ventilation shaft;

[0008] S3. Pre-reserve openings on the ground of each vertical shaft to construct a construction platform;

[0009] S4. Assemble the hoisting equipment;

[0010] S5. Assemble the ductwork with the hoisting device, and use the hoisting device to hoist and position multiple sections of ductwork: Assemble the first section of ductwork with the hoisting device, and lift the first section of ductwork to a height higher than the second section of ductwork, but lower than the bottom of the reserved opening in the top plate of the lowest level of the shaft. Stop lifting, and then firmly connect the second section of ductwork to the first section of ductwork through the flange. Then lift the whole section a second time, and so on, until the hoisting and positioning of the third to the last section of ductwork is completed.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, a lifting structure is added to the top of the ventilation shaft, including: placing the chain hoist tripod in the center at the highest point of the shaft on the ground, fixing the second fixed steel plate at the bottom of the chain hoist tripod to the ground with expansion bolts, and installing the chain hoist on the tripod crossarm. Columns are fixedly installed below both ends of the tripod crossarm, the inner distance between the two columns is greater than the length of the long side of the shaft, and multiple sets of diagonal braces are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the columns. The bottom of the columns and diagonal braces are all provided with a second fixed steel plate.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the hoisting device includes:

[0013] The hoisting steel plate has a hoisting ring welded to the top and four sets of hinges welded in a ring array on the outer side of the hoisting steel plate. The hinges include a first hinge leaf and a second hinge leaf. The first hinge leaf is fixed to the outer side of the hoisting steel plate. The first hinge leaf and the second hinge leaf are rotatably connected by a hinge shaft. The second hinge leaf has two sets of first connecting holes that are opened through it.

[0014] The horizontal bracing structure is located on the outside of the hoisting steel plate, and there are four horizontal bracing structures arranged in a circular array.

[0015] The rotating components are located on the outside of the cross brace structure, and the duct flange fixing components are located on the inside of the rotating components. The rotating components and the duct flange fixing components are symmetrically arranged, and there are two rotating components and two duct flange fixing components on the outside of each cross brace structure.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the cross bracing structure includes: a channel steel, a first fixed steel plate, a second connecting hole, a round steel, and a locking nut. The channel steel is movably disposed on the outside of the hoisting steel plate. The first fixed steel plate is welded to the outside of both ends of the channel steel. A first bolt is movably disposed inside the first connecting hole, and a first nut is threadedly disposed on the outside of the first bolt. The second connecting hole is through-hole disposed inside the first fixed steel plate, and a first bolt is movably disposed inside the second connecting hole. The inside of the first fixed steel plate is in contact with the outside of the first nut. A round hole is opened inside one end of the channel steel, and two sets of round holes are symmetrically arranged. The round steel is movably disposed inside the round hole, and both ends of the round steel are threaded. The locking nut is threadedly disposed on the outside of both ends of the round steel.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the rotating component includes: a first rectangular steel plate, a second rectangular steel plate, and an arc-shaped steel plate. The first rectangular steel plate is movably disposed on both sides of the end of the channel steel, and the outer side of the first rectangular steel plate is in contact with the outer side of the locking nut. The second rectangular steel plate is welded to the end of the first rectangular steel plate, and the second rectangular steel plate and the first rectangular steel plate are arranged perpendicularly to each other. The arc-shaped steel plate is symmetrically fixed between the second rectangular steel plate and the first rectangular steel plate. A first bolt hole is opened through the interior of the first rectangular steel plate, and a round steel is movably disposed inside the first bolt hole. A second bolt hole is opened through the interior of the arc-shaped steel plate, and a third bolt hole is opened through the interior of the second rectangular steel plate.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the duct flange fixing assembly includes: an angle steel, a bolt groove, and a fourth bolt hole. The angle steel is movably disposed on the inner side of two sets of arc-shaped steel plates, and one end of the angle steel has a rounded corner. The bolt groove is opened through the bottom of the angle steel, and the fourth bolt hole is opened through the inside of the side of the angle steel. A second bolt is movably disposed between the bolt groove and the second bolt hole. A second nut is threadedly disposed on the outside of the second bolt, and the top of the second nut is in contact with the bottom of the arc-shaped steel plate. A third bolt is movably disposed between the fourth bolt hole and the third bolt hole. The third nut is threadedly disposed on the outside of the third bolt, and the outside of the third nut is in contact with the inner side of the angle steel.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, step S3 involves setting up a construction platform in the reserved opening on the ground of each vertical shaft. This includes setting up a construction platform in the reserved opening on the ground of each vertical shaft using a combination of construction platform channel steel and steel perforated plates. All construction platform channel steels are arranged parallel to the short side of the vertical shaft and are connected to the ground or wall around the ventilation shaft by welding or bolting. When setting up the construction platform, the construction platform channel steel is first fixed firmly, and then the steel perforated plates are firmly laid on the construction platform channel steel and fixed with steel wires.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, step S5 involves assembling the first section of the duct with the hoisting device and lifting the first section of the duct to a height higher than the second section of the duct but lower than the bottom of the pre-reserved opening in the top slab of the lowest level of the shaft. This includes: ensuring the angle steel and channel steel are in a horizontally open state; using bolts to securely connect the angle steel to the flange bolt holes corresponding to the duct to be hoisted through bolt slots; after the hoisting device is securely connected to the first section of the duct, securing the chain hoist with the hoisting belt and hoisting ring; then starting the hoisting structure to lift the first section of the duct to a height higher than the second section of the duct but lower than the bottom of the pre-reserved opening in the top slab of the lowest level of the shaft; stopping the hoisting; disassembling the hoisting device from the flange of the first section of the duct; and then securely installing and fixing the two sections of the duct before proceeding with the next hoisting operation.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, when the long side or wide side of the duct flange is smaller than the length or width of the hoisting device in its fully open state, the four sets of channel steel are retracted inward by using hinges to reduce the outer diameter of the hoisting device. At the same time, the duct flange fixing components that match the duct specifications are replaced, and the angle between the channel steel and the rotating parts is adjusted by using round steel and lock nuts to keep the angle steel and the duct flange in a horizontal state.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, a large rope is wrapped around and knotted in the middle of the first section of the duct. After confirming that the chain hoist is tightly wrapped around the center part of the first section of the duct hoisting device, the chain hoist is pulled to lift the first section of the duct, and the large rope is tightened during the lifting process.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In some projects, the installation of ductwork within the shaft is extremely difficult because two or even three walls have already been constructed. This invention eliminates the need to demolish all four walls on each floor. Especially for renovation projects, only one wall needs to be demolished. A hoisting point is set at the highest point of the shaft. Using a lightweight hoisting structure (such as a chain hoist or small electric hoist) in conjunction with the hoisting device of this invention, the installation of ductwork within the shaft can be completed. This solves the problem of the extreme difficulty in installing ductwork within a shaft when two or even three walls have already been constructed. During hoisting, the ductwork is first fixed to the hoisting device. The first section of ductwork is then lifted from the bottom of the shaft to a certain position below the pre-reserved opening in the top slab of the lowest level of the shaft using a chain hoist. The second section of ductwork is then securely connected to the third section using bolts. This process is repeated until the entire ductwork is lifted, achieving secure and efficient ductwork installation. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hoisting device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled cross brace structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cross brace structure, the rotating component, and the duct flange fixing assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the duct flange fixing assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the retractable structure of the duct flange fixing assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the convergence structure of the cross brace structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the chain hoist tripod structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 The left view;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the construction platform setup for a single row of ventilation ducts inside a vertical shaft according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the construction platform setup for multiple rows of ventilation ducts inside a vertical shaft according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting of the first and second sections of the duct in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1-13 As shown, the method for hoisting and installing air ducts in a vertical shaft according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0039] Step S1: Construction preparation, ensuring that at least one wall of the shaft is in an unconstructed or demolished state;

[0040] Step S2: Add lifting points and install lifting structures at the top of the ventilation shaft;

[0041] Step S3: Reserve holes in the ground of each vertical shaft and erect a construction platform;

[0042] Step S4: Assemble the hoisting device;

[0043] Step S5: Assemble the ductwork with the hoisting device and use the hoisting device to hoist and position multiple duct sections: Assemble the first duct section with the hoisting device, and lift the first duct section to a height higher than the second duct section but lower than the bottom of the reserved opening in the top slab of the lowest level of the shaft. Stop lifting, and securely connect the second duct section to the first duct section with the flange. Then lift the entire ductwork a second time. Continue this process until the third to the last duct section are hoisted and positioned, until the entire duct section is hoisted.

[0044] Specifically, in step S2, a lifting point is added to the top of the ventilation shaft, and a lifting structure is installed. This includes: placing the chain hoist tripod 10 centrally at the highest point of the shaft on the ground; fixing the second fixed steel plate 111 at the bottom of the chain hoist tripod to the ground using expansion bolts (detachable connection); and installing the chain hoist 116 on the tripod crossarm 113. Columns 114 are fixedly installed below both ends of the tripod crossarm 113, with the inner distance between the two columns 114 greater than the length of the shaft's long side. Multiple sets of diagonal braces 115 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the columns 114, and the bottom of both the columns 114 and the diagonal braces 115 are equipped with second fixed steel plates 111. Furthermore, if the shaft is too high, a transfer lifting point can be set, and the chain hoist tripod can be made movable.

[0045] Specifically, the hoisting device includes: a hoisting steel plate 1, a cross brace structure 2, a rotating component 3, and a duct flange fixing assembly 4. A hoisting ring 101 is welded to the top of the hoisting steel plate 1, and four sets of hinges 102 are welded in a circular array on the outer side of the hoisting steel plate 1. Each hinge 102 includes a first hinge blade and a second hinge blade. The first hinge blade is fixed to the outer side of the hoisting steel plate 1, and the first and second hinge blades are rotatably connected via a hinge shaft. Two sets of first connecting holes 103 are provided through the interior of the second hinge blade. The cross brace structure 2 is located on the outer side of the hoisting steel plate 1, and four cross braces structure 2 are arranged in a circular array. The rotating component 3 is located on the outer side of the cross brace structure 2, and the duct flange fixing assembly 4 is located on the inner side of the rotating component 3. The rotating component 3 and the duct flange fixing assembly 4 are symmetrically arranged, and each cross brace structure 2 has two rotating components 3 and two duct flange fixing assemblies 4 on its outer side. The hoisting device of the present invention can retract four sets of channel steels 201 inward by hinge 102 to appropriately reduce the outer diameter of the device. At the same time, the duct flange fixing assembly 4 matching the duct specification can be replaced, and the angle between the channel steel 201 and the rotating component 3 can be adjusted so that the device can hoist ducts with smaller specifications.

[0046] Furthermore, the cross bracing structure 2 includes: a channel steel 201, a first fixed steel plate 202, a second connecting hole 203, a round steel 205, and a locking nut 206. The channel steel 201 is movably disposed on the outside of the lifting steel plate 1. The first fixed steel plate 202 is welded to the outer sides of both ends of the channel steel 201. A first bolt 104 is movably disposed inside the first connecting hole 103, and a first nut 105 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the first bolt 104. The second connecting hole 203 is through-hole disposed inside the first fixed steel plate 202, and the first bolt 104 is movably disposed inside the second connecting hole 203. The inner side of the first fixed steel plate 202 is in contact with the outer side of the first nut 105. A round hole 204 is opened inside one end of the channel steel 201, and two sets of round holes 204 are symmetrically arranged. The round steel 205 is movably disposed inside the round hole 204, and both ends of the round steel 205 are threaded. The locking nut 206 is threadedly connected to the outer sides of both ends of the round steel 205. Using round steel 205 and locking nut 206, adjust the angle between channel steel 201 and rotating component 3 so that angle steel 401 and duct flange remain horizontal.

[0047] The rotating component 3 includes: a first rectangular steel plate 301, a second rectangular steel plate 302, and an arc-shaped steel plate 303. The first rectangular steel plate 301 is movably disposed on both sides of the end of the channel steel 201, and the outer side of the first rectangular steel plate 301 is in contact with the outer side of the locking nut 206. The second rectangular steel plate 302 is welded to the end of the first rectangular steel plate 301, and the second rectangular steel plate 302 and the first rectangular steel plate 301 are arranged perpendicularly. The arc-shaped steel plate 303 is symmetrically fixed between the second rectangular steel plate 302 and the first rectangular steel plate 301. The first rectangular steel plate 301 has a through-hole 304, and a round steel 205 is movably disposed inside the first bolt hole 304. The arc-shaped steel plate 303 has a through-hole 305, and the second rectangular steel plate 302 has a through-hole 306.

[0048] The duct flange fixing assembly 4 includes: an angle steel 401, a bolt groove 402, and a fourth bolt hole 403. The angle steel 401 is movably disposed inside the two sets of arc-shaped steel plates 303, and one end of the angle steel 401 has a rounded corner. The bolt groove 402 is through-hole located at the bottom of the angle steel 401, and the fourth bolt hole 403 is through-hole located inside the side of the angle steel 401. A second bolt 404 is movably disposed between the bolt groove 402 and the second bolt hole 305. A second nut 405 is threadedly disposed on the outside of the second bolt 404, and the top of the second nut 405 is in contact with the bottom of the arc-shaped steel plate 303. A third bolt 406 is movably disposed between the fourth bolt hole 403 and the third bolt hole 306. A third nut 407 is threadedly disposed on the outside of the third bolt 406, and the outside of the third nut 407 is in contact with the inside of the angle steel 401. By setting the third bolt 406 and the third nut 407, as well as the fourth bolt hole 403 and the third bolt hole 306, the side of the angle steel 401 can be fixed to the second rectangular steel plate 302. At the same time, by using the second bolt 404 and the second nut 405, as well as the bolt groove 402 and the second bolt hole 305, the bottom edge of the angle steel 401 can be fixed to the arc-shaped steel plate 303, thereby enabling the angle steel 401 to be quickly disassembled and installed.

[0049] In step S3, a construction platform is erected in the reserved opening on the ground of each vertical shaft. This includes: using construction platform channel steel 512 combined with steel perforated plate 511 to erect a construction platform in the reserved opening 501 on the ground of each vertical shaft. All construction platform channel steel 512 are arranged parallel to the short side of the vertical shaft and are connected to the ground or wall around the ventilation shaft by welding or bolting. When erecting the construction platform, the construction platform channel steel 512 is first fixed firmly, and then the steel perforated plate 511 is firmly laid on the construction platform channel steel 512 and fixed with steel wire.

[0050] In step S5, the first section of the duct is assembled with the hoisting device, and the first section of the duct is lifted to a height higher than the second section of the duct but lower than the bottom of the reserved opening in the top plate of the lowest level of the shaft. This includes: making the angle steel 401 and the channel steel 201 in a horizontally open state; using bolts, the angle steel 401 and the flange bolt holes of the duct to be hoisted are firmly connected by bolts through the bolt slots 402; after the hoisting device is firmly connected to the first section of the duct 601, the chain hoist 116 is firmly fixed to the hoisting ring 101 using the hoisting straps; then the hoisting structure is started, and the first section of the duct 601 is lifted to a height higher than the second section of the duct 602 but lower than the bottom of the reserved opening 603 in the top plate of the lowest level of the shaft; then the hoisting is stopped; the hoisting device is disassembled from the flange 604 of the first section of the duct; and the two sections of the duct are installed and fixed firmly before the next hoisting is carried out.

[0051] When the long or wide side of the duct flange is smaller than the length or width of the hoisting device in its fully open state, the four sets of channel steel 201 are retracted inward by hinge 102 to reduce the outer diameter of the hoisting device. At the same time, the duct flange fixing assembly 4 that matches the duct specifications is replaced, and the angle between the channel steel 201 and the rotating part 3 is adjusted by using round steel 205 and locking nut 206 to keep the angle steel 401 and the duct flange in a horizontal state.

[0052] In addition, if the shaft is high, a large rope can be used to wrap around and tie a knot in the middle of the first section of the duct. After confirming that the chain hoist is tightly wrapped around the center of the flange hanger of the first section of the duct, the chain hoist can be pulled to lift the duct. During the lifting process, the large rope should be tightened to ensure the overall stability of the duct during the hoisting process.

[0053] If a construction platform is required to install multiple rows of air ducts, such as Figure 12 As shown, the operator first uses the platform to hoist the innermost air duct 513 on the wall side, then removes the construction platform channel steel 512 adjacent to the installed air duct, and moves the steel perforated plate 511 backward to hoist the second row of air ducts. The above operations are repeated until all air ducts are hoisted.

[0054] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for hoisting and installing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Construction preparation, ensuring that at least one wall of the shaft is in an unconstructed or demolished state; S2. Add a lifting structure to the top of the ventilation shaft; S3. Pre-reserve openings on the ground of each vertical shaft to construct a construction platform; S4. Assemble the hoisting equipment; S5. Assemble the duct with the hoisting device, and use the hoisting device to hoist and position multiple sections of duct: Assemble the first section of duct with the hoisting device, and lift the first section of duct to a height higher than the second section of duct and lower than the bottom of the reserved hole in the top plate of the lowest level of the shaft, then stop lifting. After firmly connecting the second section of duct with the first section of duct through the flange, lift the whole section a second time, and so on to complete the hoisting and positioning of the third to the last section of duct until the hoisting of the entire duct is completed. The hoisting device includes: A hoisting steel plate (1) is provided, with a hoisting ring (101) welded to the top of the hoisting steel plate (1), and four sets of hinges (102) are welded in a ring array on the outer side of the hoisting steel plate (1). The hinges (102) include a first hinge leaf and a second hinge leaf. The first hinge leaf is fixed to the outer side of the hoisting steel plate (1). The first hinge leaf and the second hinge leaf are rotatably connected by a hinge shaft. The second hinge leaf has two sets of first connecting holes (103) that are opened through the interior. A cross bracing structure (2) is provided on the outside of the hoisting steel plate (1), and four cross bracing structures (2) are arranged in a ring array. Rotating component (3), the rotating component (3) is arranged on the outside of the cross brace structure (2), and the inner side of the rotating component (3) is provided with a duct flange fixing assembly (4). The rotating component (3) and the duct flange fixing assembly (4) are arranged symmetrically, and each cross brace structure (2) has two rotating components (3) and two duct flange fixing assemblies (4) on its outside. The cross bracing structure (2) includes: a channel steel (201), a first fixed steel plate (202), a second connecting hole (203), a round steel (205), and a locking nut (206). The channel steel (201) is movably disposed on the outside of the hoisting steel plate (1). The first fixed steel plate (202) is welded to the outside of both ends of the channel steel (201). A first bolt (104) is movably disposed inside the first connecting hole (103), and a first nut (105) is threadedly disposed on the outside of the first bolt (104). The second connecting hole (203) is through-hole disposed inside the first fixed steel plate (202), and a locking nut (206) is movably disposed inside the second connecting hole (203). A first bolt (104) is placed, and the inner side of the first fixed steel plate (202) is in contact with the outer side of the first nut (105). A round hole (204) is opened inside one end of the channel steel (201), and two sets of round holes (204) are symmetrically opened. The round steel (205) is movably set inside the round hole (204), and both ends of the round steel (205) are set with threaded structure. The locking nut (206) is set on the outer side of both ends of the round steel (205) through threaded connection. By using the round steel (205) and the locking nut (206), the angle between the channel steel (201) and the rotating component (3) is adjusted so that the angle steel (401) and the duct flange remain horizontal.

2. The method for hoisting and installing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, a lifting structure is added to the top of the ventilation shaft, including: placing the chain hoist tripod (10) in the center at the highest point of the shaft on the ground, fixing the second fixed steel plate (111) at the bottom of the chain hoist tripod to the ground with expansion bolts, and installing the chain hoist (116) on the tripod crossbeam (113). The tripod crossbeam (113) is fixedly provided with columns (114) at both ends below, the inner distance between the two columns (114) is greater than the length of the long side of the shaft, and multiple sets of diagonal braces (115) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the columns (114). The bottom of the columns (114) and the diagonal braces (115) is provided with the second fixed steel plate (111).

3. The method for hoisting and installing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating component (3) includes: a first rectangular steel plate (301), a second rectangular steel plate (302), and an arc-shaped steel plate (303). The first rectangular steel plate (301) is movably disposed on both sides of the end of the channel steel (201), and the outer side of the first rectangular steel plate (301) is in contact with the outer side of the locking nut (206). The second rectangular steel plate (302) is welded to the end of the first rectangular steel plate (301), and the second rectangular steel plate (302) and the first rectangular steel plate (301) are arranged perpendicularly. The arc-shaped steel plate (303) is symmetrically fixed between the second rectangular steel plate (302) and the first rectangular steel plate (301). The first rectangular steel plate (301) has a through bolt hole (304) inside, and a round steel (205) is movably arranged inside the first bolt hole (304). The arc-shaped steel plate (303) has a through bolt hole (305) inside, and the second rectangular steel plate (302) has a through bolt hole (306) inside.

4. The method for hoisting and installing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that: The duct flange fixing assembly (4) includes: an angle steel (401), a bolt groove (402), and a fourth bolt hole (403). The angle steel (401) is movably disposed inside two sets of arc-shaped steel plates (303), and one end of the angle steel (401) is rounded. The bolt groove (402) is through-hole located at the bottom of the angle steel (401), and the fourth bolt hole (403) is through-hole located inside the side of the angle steel (401). The bolt groove (402) and the second bolt hole (305) are connected. A second bolt (404) is provided, and a second nut (405) is provided on the outside of the second bolt (404) by means of a threaded connection. The top of the second nut (405) is in contact with the bottom of the arc-shaped steel plate (303). A third bolt (406) is provided between the fourth bolt hole (403) and the third bolt hole (306). A third nut (407) is provided on the outside of the third bolt (406) by means of a threaded connection. The outside of the third nut (407) is in contact with the inside of the angle steel (401).

5. The method for hoisting and installing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, a construction platform is erected in the reserved hole on the ground of each vertical shaft, including: a construction platform channel steel (512) combined with a steel perforated plate (511) is used to erect the construction platform in the reserved hole (501) on the ground of each vertical shaft. All construction platform channel steel (512) are arranged parallel to the short side of the vertical shaft and are connected to the ground or wall around the ventilation vertical shaft by welding or bolting. When the construction platform is erected, the construction platform channel steel (512) is first fixed firmly, and then the steel perforated plate (511) is firmly laid on the construction platform channel steel (512) and fixed with steel wire.

6. The method for hoisting and installing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, the first section of the duct is assembled with the hoisting device, and the first section of the duct is lifted to a height higher than the second section of the duct and lower than the bottom of the reserved hole in the top plate of the lowest level of the shaft. This includes: making the angle steel (401) and the channel steel (201) in a horizontal open state, and using bolts to firmly connect the angle steel (401) and the flange bolt holes of the duct to be hoisted through the bolt groove (402). After the hoisting device is firmly connected to the first section of the duct, the chain hoist is fixed firmly with the hoisting belt and the hoisting ring (101). Then the hoisting structure is started, and the first section of the duct is lifted to a height higher than the second section of the duct and lower than the bottom of the reserved hole in the top plate of the lowest level of the shaft. The hoisting is then stopped, the hoisting device is disassembled from the flange of the first section of the duct, and the two sections of the duct are installed and fixed firmly before the next hoisting is carried out.

7. The method for hoisting and installing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the long or wide side of the duct flange is smaller than the length or width of the hoisting device in its fully open state, the four sets of channel steel (201) are retracted inward by the hinge (102) to reduce the outer diameter of the hoisting device. At the same time, the duct flange fixing assembly (4) that matches the duct specification is replaced. The angle between the channel steel (201) and the rotating part (3) is adjusted by using the round steel (205) and the locking nut (206) so that the angle steel (401) and the duct flange remain horizontal.

8. The method for hoisting and installing ventilation ducts in a vertical shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: Use a large rope to wrap around and knot the middle of the first section of the duct. After confirming that the chain hoist is tightly wrapped around the center of the first section of the duct hoisting device, start pulling the chain hoist to lift the first section of the duct, and tighten the large rope during the lifting process.

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