A recycling device for waste electronic components
By designing a waste electronic component recycling device that includes an inclined plate, a V-shaped plate, and a guide plate, and combining magnetic blocks and gas impact, the problems of clogging and incomplete separation in the crushing equipment are solved, achieving efficient separation of metals and non-metals.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- XINYU UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing crushing equipment is prone to clogging when screening waste electronic components, causing metal and plastic parts to mix and affecting the separation effect.
A recycling device for waste electronic components is adopted, which includes a primary crushing mechanism and a power mechanism. Through the design of inclined plates, V-shaped plates and guide plates, combined with magnetic blocks and gas impact, the separation of metals and non-metals is achieved, and blockage is prevented.
It achieves efficient crushing and separation of waste electronic components, ensuring effective separation of metal and non-metal parts, avoiding clogging problems, and improving separation efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN118950202B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of pulverization technology, specifically to a recycling device for waste electronic components. Background Technology
[0002] Waste electronic components contain far more metal resources, such as gold, platinum, silver, copper, iron, and nickel, than mineral resources, and are generally classified as hazardous waste. Since waste electronic components can be recycled, they need to be crushed to extract these metal resources. Traditional crushing equipment can only crush waste electronic components but cannot directly obtain the metal resources; manual screening is still required.
[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN213006074U discloses a shredder for processing waste electronic components. The shredder includes a cylinder with a feed inlet at the top. Two sets of identical rotating shafts are rotatably mounted on the cylinder, each set containing a shredding cylinder. Each set of rotating shafts also contains a first gear, which meshes with each other. A driven gear is coaxially mounted on each rotating shaft. A motor is detachably mounted on the rear side of the cylinder, and a driving gear is detachably mounted on the motor shaft, meshing with the driven gear. This patent enables the separation of metal resources through shredding, and allows for automatic screening and direct acquisition of these resources, thereby achieving the recycling of metal resources from waste electronic components.
[0004] During the actual operation of the aforementioned patent, after the electronic components are crushed, they fall into the mounting frame. The magnetic plate and magnetic rod can adsorb and recover the metal parts, while the plastic parts fall into the collection tank through the holes for collection. However, if the particle size of the plastic parts is larger than the size of the holes, the plastic parts will remain in the mounting frame, causing the holes to become blocked. This will cause the metal and plastic parts to mix together, thus affecting the separation of the metal and plastic parts. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention aims to provide a recycling device for waste electronic components to solve the problem of clogging that easily occurs during the screening of existing crushers.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a recycling device for waste electronic components, comprising a housing, an inlet and an outlet, a sealing block detachably connected to the outlet, and a primary crushing mechanism inside the housing; inclined plates are provided on both sides of the housing, the distance between the two inclined plates gradually decreasing from top to bottom; several rotating shafts are equidistantly connected to the inclined plates along the width direction, and several crushing blocks are coaxially connected to the rotating shafts along the axial direction; an inverted V-shaped plate is provided inside the housing, located below the primary crushing mechanism, and both ends of the V-shaped plate are provided with abutting blocks that abut against the inclined plates. The clamping block has several vertical holes equidistantly arranged along its width direction; the end of the clamping block away from the V-shaped plate has a transverse groove, and a side groove is provided on the transverse groove. A side block that abuts against the inclined plate is slidably connected in the side groove. The inclined plate has a sliding groove, and the end of the side block away from the V-shaped plate is slidably connected to the sliding groove; the side block has several through holes equidistantly arranged vertically along its width direction, and the through holes communicate with the vertical holes; the box body has an inclined guide plate, and the guide plate has several grooves equidistantly arranged along its length direction, and magnetic blocks are provided in the grooves; it also includes a drive mechanism for driving the V-shaped plate to move vertically in the box body, and a power mechanism for simultaneously driving the two rotating shafts to rotate.
[0007] The principles and advantages of this scheme are: 1. This solution uses a primary crushing mechanism to crush waste electronic components into primary crushed material. The primary crushed material moves downwards and falls onto a V-shaped plate, distributing it evenly to both sides. A power mechanism simultaneously drives two rotating shafts, which in turn drive the crushing blocks to rotate synchronously. The crushing blocks then perform a secondary crushing process on the primary crushed material to obtain secondary crushed material. The secondary crushed material with the correct particle size falls onto a guide plate through vertical holes and through holes, where the metal portion of the secondary crushed material is adsorbed, while the remaining portion moves towards the discharge port under the guidance of the guide plate.
[0008] 2. In this solution, when the particle size of the secondary crushed material is not up to standard, the unqualified secondary crushed material will remain on the clamping block, that is, it will not pass through the vertical hole or through hole. The drive mechanism drives the V-shaped plate to move vertically, which can drive the unqualified secondary crushed material to be thrown upward, so that it can be crushed again by the crushing block, so that the particle size of the secondary crushed material is up to standard, thus ensuring that the metal part and other parts in the secondary crushed material can be separated.
[0009] 3. During the lateral reciprocating motion of the side block in this scheme, the vertical hole and the through hole are intermittently connected, providing more crushing time for secondary crushed materials with unqualified particle size, so as to crush them more evenly and thoroughly.
[0010] 4. In this scheme, the primary crushed material moves downward and falls onto the V-shaped plate, which distributes the primary crushed material evenly to both sides, which is conducive to the secondary crushing process of the primary crushed material, resulting in more thorough and uniform crushing.
[0011] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a round shaft rotatably connected to the housing, a U-shaped block fixed to the bottom of the V-shaped plate, and a drive unit for driving the round shaft to rotate. A cam is coaxially connected to the round shaft, the U-shaped block is placed on its side, the cam is located inside the U-shaped block, and the cam abuts against the U-shaped block.
[0012] With the above configuration, the drive unit drives the circular shaft to rotate, and the circular shaft drives the cam to rotate. When the cam's protrusion presses against the top of the U-shaped block, the U-shaped block drives the V-shaped plate to move upward; when the cam's protrusion presses against the bottom of the U-shaped block, the U-shaped block drives the V-shaped plate to move downward; therefore, the V-shaped plate can move vertically back and forth.
[0013] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes a driving bevel gear located at both ends of the circular shaft and a driven bevel gear coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, with the driving bevel gear meshing with the driven bevel gear.
[0014] With the above settings, during the rotation of the circular shaft, the circular shaft drives the driving bevel gear to rotate, and the driving bevel gear meshes with the driven bevel gear to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.
[0015] Furthermore, inclined surfaces are provided on both sides of the vertical hole near the horizontal groove; several top grooves are provided at equal intervals along the width direction of the side block, and an arc-shaped block is slidably connected in the top groove, with a first spring between the arc-shaped block and the top groove; the inclined surfaces are located on the movement trajectory of the arc-shaped block, and the arc-shaped block slides with the vertical hole.
[0016] With the above setup, the side block moves laterally, and the arc-shaped block communicates with the vertical hole. The arc-shaped block slides into the vertical hole under the action of the first spring, thereby pushing out the secondary debris in the vertical hole and preventing the vertical hole from being blocked. The side block continues to move laterally, causing the arc-shaped block to be squeezed by the inclined surface and pulled into the top groove, and the first spring is compressed.
[0017] Furthermore, the vertical hole is connected to an anti-clogging pipe, and also includes a linkage mechanism that simultaneously introduces gas into multiple anti-clogging pipes as the side block moves.
[0018] With the above setup, during the movement of the side block, gas can be introduced into multiple anti-blocking pipes simultaneously through the linkage mechanism, causing the gas to be ejected from the anti-blocking pipes and act on the secondary crushed material in the vertical hole, thereby preventing the vertical hole from becoming blocked.
[0019] Furthermore, the end of the anti-blocking pipe near the vertical hole is inclined towards the top of the box.
[0020] The above settings can guide the direction of gas ejection, thereby increasing the impact force on the secondary crushed material in the vertical hole and enhancing the anti-clogging effect.
[0021] Furthermore, the linkage mechanism includes a piston cylinder fixed in the transverse groove and a main pipe fixed in the transverse groove. A piston block is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder. A second spring is provided between the piston block and the piston cylinder. The piston block is fixed to the side block. An air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are connected to the piston cylinder. The air inlet pipe passes through the clamping block and the housing. The air outlet pipe is connected to the main pipe, and the main pipe is connected to the anti-blocking pipe.
[0022] With the above settings, during the lateral reciprocating motion of the side block, the side block drives the piston block to move synchronously, so that the outside air can be sprayed out from the anti-clogging pipe through the air inlet pipe, piston cylinder, air outlet pipe, and main pipe, so that it acts on the secondary crushed material in the vertical hole, thereby avoiding the vertical hole from being blocked.
[0023] Furthermore, the surface of the guide plate is flush with the surface of the magnet.
[0024] The above settings ensure that the secondary crushed material moves along the guide direction of the guide plate, preventing it from being stuck or accumulating on the guide plate. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 This is a front view of an embodiment of a recycling device for waste electronic components according to the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial sectional view in the front view direction; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: housing 10, feed inlet 11, discharge outlet 12, sealing block 13, crushing roller 20, inclined plate 30, rotating shaft 31, crushing block 32, V-shaped plate 33, pressing block 40, vertical hole 41, horizontal groove 42, side block 43, sliding groove 44, through hole 45, guide plate 46, magnetic block 47, round shaft 50, cam 51, second motor 52, U-shaped block 53, driving bevel gear 60, driven bevel gear 61, inclined surface 70, top groove 71, arc block 72, first spring 73, anti-blocking pipe 80, piston cylinder 81, main pipe 82, piston block 83, second spring 84, air inlet pipe 85, and air outlet pipe 86.
[0027] Example The basics are as follows: Figure 1 Appendix Figure 2 Appendix Figure 3 As shown: A recycling device for waste electronic components includes a housing 10, with an inlet 11 and an outlet 12 on the housing 10. The inlet 11 is located on the top of the housing 10, and the outlet 12 is located on the right side wall of the housing 10. A sealing block 13 is threadedly connected to the outlet 12.
[0028] The housing 10 is equipped with a primary crushing mechanism, which includes two first motors. The output shafts of the first motors are coaxially connected to crushing rollers 21. The two crushing rollers 21 move in opposite directions and are located directly below the feed inlet 11.
[0029] Inclined plates 30 are fixedly connected to both sides of the box 10. The front and rear sides of the inclined plates 30 are fixedly connected to the front and rear sides of the box 10. The distance between the two inclined plates 30 gradually decreases from top to bottom. Several rotating shafts 31 are equidistantly connected to the inclined plates 30 along the width direction of the inclined plates 30. Several crushing blocks 32 are coaxially connected to the rotating shafts 31 along the axial direction. The width of the crushing blocks 32 gradually decreases from top to bottom along the axial direction of the rotating shafts 31. An inverted V-shaped plate 33 is provided inside the box 10. The V-shaped plate 33 is located below the primary crushing mechanism. That is, the turning point of the V-shaped plate 33 is located below the two crushing rollers 21. The front and rear sides of the V-shaped plate 33 abut against the front and rear sides of the box 10, and the front and rear sides of the V-shaped plate 33 are in frictional contact with the front and rear sides of the box 10.
[0030] Both ends of the V-shaped plate 33 are fixed with abutting blocks 40 that abut against the inclined plate 30. The front and rear sides of the abutting blocks 40 abut against the front and rear sides of the housing 10, and the front and rear sides of the abutting blocks 40 are in frictional contact with the front and rear sides of the housing 10. The abutting blocks 40 have several vertical holes 41 equidistantly spaced along their width. A transverse groove 42 is formed at the end of the abutting block 40 away from the V-shaped plate 33. A side groove is formed on the transverse groove 42, and a side block 43 that abuts against the inclined plate 30 is slidably connected in the side groove. A sliding groove 44 is formed on the inclined plate 30. The sliding groove 44 is T-shaped, and the upper end of the sliding groove 44... The width is less than the lower end width of the slide 44, and the end of the side block 43 away from the V-shaped plate 33 is slidably connected to the slide 44; the side block 43 has several through holes 45 equidistantly vertically opened along the width direction of the side block 43, and the through holes 45 are connected to the vertical holes 41; an inclined guide plate 46 is fixedly connected inside the box body 10, the left end height of the guide plate 46 is greater than the right end height of the guide plate 46, and the discharge port 12 is close to the right end of the guide plate 46; the guide plate 46 has several grooves equidistantly opened along the length direction of the guide plate 46, and a magnetic block 47 is fixedly connected in the groove; the surface of the guide plate is flush with the surface of the magnetic block 47. It also includes a drive mechanism for driving the V-shaped plate 33 to move vertically within the housing 10. The drive mechanism includes a round shaft 50 rotatably connected to the housing 10, a U-shaped block 53 fixedly connected to the bottom of the V-shaped plate 33, and a drive unit for driving the round shaft 50 to rotate. A guide plate 46 is located below the round shaft 50. A cam 51 is coaxially connected to the round shaft 50. The U-shaped block 53 is placed on its side, and the cam 51 is located inside the U-shaped block 53, abutting against the U-shaped block 53. The drive unit is a second motor 52, which is fixedly connected within the housing 10. The output shaft of the second motor 52 is coaxially connected to the round shaft 50.
[0031] It also includes a power mechanism for simultaneously driving the two rotating shafts 31 to rotate. The power mechanism includes a driving bevel gear 60 disposed at both ends of the circular shaft 50 and a driven bevel gear 61 coaxially connected to the rotating shaft 31. The driving bevel gear 60 and the driven bevel gear 61 mesh with each other.
[0032] The vertical hole 41 has inclined surfaces 70 on both sides near the side groove; the top of the side block 43 has several vertically spaced top grooves 71 along the width direction of the side block 43, and an arc-shaped block 72 is slidably connected in the top groove 71. A first spring 73 is fixed between the arc-shaped block 72 and the top groove 71; the inclined surface 70 is located on the movement trajectory of the arc-shaped block 72, and the arc-shaped block 72 is slidably engaged with the vertical hole 41.
[0033] The vertical hole 41 is connected to an anti-blocking pipe 80, with one end of the anti-blocking pipe 80 near the vertical hole 41 inclined towards the top of the housing 10. It also includes a linkage mechanism that simultaneously introduces gas into multiple anti-blocking pipes 80 as the side block 43 moves. The linkage mechanism includes a piston cylinder 81 fixedly connected to the transverse groove 42, a main pipe 82 fixedly connected to the transverse groove 42, a piston block 83 slidably connected inside the piston cylinder 81, and a second spring 84 fixedly connected between the piston block 83 and the piston cylinder 81. Block 83 is fixedly connected to side block 43; an inlet pipe 85 and an outlet pipe 86 are connected to the piston cylinder 81. The inlet pipe 85 passes through the clamping block 40 and the housing 10. The inlet pipe 85 is a sufficiently long flexible hose; the outlet pipe 86 is connected to the main pipe 82, and the main pipe 82 is connected to the anti-blocking pipe 80; a first one-way valve is installed on the inlet pipe 85 for gas to enter the piston cylinder 81 from the outside in one direction, and a second one-way valve is installed on the outlet pipe 86 for gas to enter the main pipe 82 from the piston cylinder 81 in one direction.
[0034] The specific implementation process is as follows: When in use, start the two first motors, and the two crushing rollers 21 rotate in opposite directions; put the waste electronic components into the feed inlet 11, and crush them through the two crushing rollers 21 to obtain primary crushed material; the primary crushed material moves downward and falls onto the V-shaped plate 33, so that the primary crushed material is evenly distributed to both sides.
[0035] The second motor 52 is started, and its output shaft drives the round shaft 50 to rotate. The round shaft 50 drives the driving bevel gear 60 to rotate, and the driving bevel gear 60 meshes with the driven bevel gear 61 to drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate. The rotating shaft 31 drives the crushing block 32 to move synchronously, using the crushing block 32 to perform secondary crushing of the primary crushed material to obtain secondary crushed material. The secondary crushed material with qualified particle size falls onto the guide plate 46 through the vertical hole 41 and the through hole 45, so that the metal part of the secondary crushed material is attracted by the magnetic block 47, while the other part of the secondary crushed material moves towards the discharge port 12 under the guidance of the guide plate 46. When the particle size of the secondary crushed material is not qualified, the unqualified secondary crushed material will be stuck on the clamping block 40, that is, it will not pass through the vertical hole 41 and the through hole 45.
[0036] During the rotation of the circular shaft 50, the circular shaft 50 drives the cam 51 to rotate. When the protrusion of the cam 51 presses against the top of the U-shaped block 53, the U-shaped block 53 drives the V-shaped plate 33 to move upward. When the protrusion of the cam 51 presses against the bottom of the U-shaped block 53, the U-shaped block 53 drives the V-shaped plate 33 to move downward. Therefore, the V-shaped plate 33 can reciprocate vertically.
[0037] When the V-shaped plate 33 moves upward, it drives the pressing block 40 to move synchronously, causing the side blocks 43 to move away from the V-shaped plate 33 under the restriction of the sliding groove 44, that is, the two side blocks 43 move away from each other. During the lateral movement of the side blocks 43, the vertical hole 41 and the through hole 45 are staggered, providing more crushing time for the secondary crushed material with unqualified particle size, so that the crushing is more uniform and thorough. As the side blocks 43 continue to move laterally, the arc-shaped block 72 communicates with the vertical hole 41. The arc-shaped block 72 slides into the vertical hole 41 under the action of the first spring 73, thereby pushing out the secondary crushed material in the vertical hole 41 and avoiding blockage of the vertical hole 41. As the side blocks 43 continue to move laterally, the arc-shaped block 72 is squeezed into the top groove 71 by the inclined surface 70, and the first spring 73 is compressed. In addition, during the upward movement of the pressing block 40 and the side blocks 43, the secondary crushed material with unqualified particle size can be thrown upward, so that it can be crushed again by the crushing block 32, so that the particle size of the secondary crushed material is qualified.
[0038] When the V-shaped plate 33 moves downward, it drives the pressing block 40 to move synchronously, so that the side block 43 is retracted into the transverse groove 42 under the restriction of the sliding groove 44, that is, the two side blocks 43 are close together. During the transverse movement of the side block 43, the arc block 72 communicates with the vertical hole 41. The arc block 72 slides into the vertical hole 41 under the action of the first spring 73, so as to push out the secondary crushed material in the vertical hole 41 and avoid the vertical hole 41 from being blocked. The side block 43 continues to move laterally, so that the arc block 72 is squeezed into the top groove 71 by the inclined surface 70, and the first spring 73 is compressed. The side block 43 continues to move laterally, and the vertical hole 41 communicates with the through hole 45, so that the secondary crushed material with qualified particle size falls onto the guide plate 46 through the vertical hole 41 and the through hole 45.
[0039] During the lateral reciprocating motion of the side block 43, the side block 43 drives the piston block 83 to move synchronously, thereby allowing outside air to be ejected from the anti-blocking pipe 80 through the air inlet pipe 85, piston cylinder 81, air outlet pipe 86, and main pipe 82, so that it acts on the secondary crushed material in the vertical hole 41, thereby preventing the vertical hole 41 from being blocked.
[0040] After the crushing process is completed, the sealing block 13 is removed from the discharge port 12, and the metal part and other parts of the secondary crushed material can be obtained separately.
[0041] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.
Claims
1. A recycling device for waste electronic components, comprising a housing, an inlet and an outlet on the housing, a sealing block detachably connected to the outlet, and a primary crushing mechanism inside the housing; characterized in that: The chamber has inclined plates on both sides, with the distance between the two inclined plates gradually decreasing from top to bottom. Several rotating shafts are equidistantly connected to the inclined plates along their width, and several crushing blocks are coaxially connected to the shafts along their axial direction. An inverted V-shaped plate is located below the primary crushing mechanism inside the chamber. Both ends of the V-shaped plate have clamping blocks that abut against the inclined plates. Each clamping block has several vertical holes equidistantly along its width. A transverse groove is located at the end of the clamping block away from the V-shaped plate, and a side groove is located on the transverse groove. A side block that abuts against the inclined plate is slidably connected within the side groove. A sliding groove is located on the inclined plate, and the end of the side block away from the V-shaped plate is slidably connected to the sliding groove. Several through holes are equidistantly vertically along the width of the side block, and these through holes communicate with the vertical holes. An inclined guide plate is located inside the chamber, and several grooves are equidistantly located along its length. The groove contains a magnetic block; it also includes a drive mechanism for driving the V-shaped plate to move vertically within the box, and a power mechanism for simultaneously driving the two rotating shafts to rotate; the drive mechanism includes a round shaft rotatably connected to the box, a U-shaped block fixed to the bottom of the V-shaped plate, and a drive part for driving the round shaft to rotate. A cam is coaxially connected to the round shaft, the U-shaped block is placed on its side, the cam is located inside the U-shaped block, and the cam abuts against the U-shaped block; the power mechanism includes a driving bevel gear set at both ends of the round shaft and a driven bevel gear coaxially connected to the rotating shaft, the driving bevel gear meshing with the driven bevel gear; the vertical hole has inclined surfaces on both sides near the horizontal groove; the top of the side block has several top grooves equidistantly vertically arranged along the width direction of the side block, and an arc-shaped block is slidably connected in the top groove, with a first spring between the arc-shaped block and the top groove; the inclined surface is located on the movement trajectory of the arc-shaped block, and the arc-shaped block slides in conjunction with the vertical hole.
2. The recycling equipment for waste electronic components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical hole is connected to an anti-blocking pipe, and also includes a linkage mechanism that simultaneously introduces gas into multiple anti-blocking pipes as the side block moves.
3. The recycling equipment for waste electronic components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-clogging pipe is inclined towards the top of the box at one end near the vertical hole.
4. The recycling equipment for waste electronic components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes a piston cylinder fixed in the transverse groove and a main pipe fixed in the transverse groove. A piston block is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder. A second spring is provided between the piston block and the piston cylinder. The piston block is fixed to the side block. An air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are connected to the piston cylinder. The air inlet pipe passes through the clamping block and the housing. The air outlet pipe is connected to the main pipe, and the main pipe is connected to the anti-blocking pipe.
5. The recycling equipment for waste electronic components according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface of the guide plate is flush with the surface of the magnetic block.