Split charging device and method for taking power from overhead conductor

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of overhead conductor power conversion, and particularly relates to a split type charging device and method using overhead conductor power, which is split type arranged and comprises a power taking fixing assembly and a charging mobile assembly; the power taking fixing assembly comprises a clamping jaw mechanism, a power taking docking mechanism and an energy storage mechanism; the clamping jaw mechanism is clamped on the overhead conductor and comprises a first clamping jaw and a second clamping jaw with built-in induction coils; the power taking docking mechanism is in a table-shaped structure, and the inner side of the upper bottom surface of the table-shaped structure is provided with a plurality of axial uniformly distributed adsorption electromagnets; the power taking docking mechanism is provided with a plurality of radial distributed contacts on the inner side of the upper bottom surface; at least one electromagnetic lock tongue is arranged on the inner side of the table-shaped structure; the charging mobile assembly adopts a charging docking mechanism which is sleeved in the power taking docking mechanism; the charging docking mechanism comprises a plurality of circular ring metal sheets matched with the radial distributed contacts, a metal ring matched with the adsorption electromagnets, and an annular groove matched with the electromagnetic lock tongue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of overhead conductor power conversion technology, specifically relating to a split-type charging device and method that utilizes overhead conductors for energy extraction. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Overhead conductors, typically made of steel-cored aluminum stranded wire or aluminum stranded wire, are exposed overhead lines erected on the ground. Insulators secure the conductors to towers standing upright on the ground to transmit electrical energy. Overhead conductors often traverse complex geographical environments and have long lengths. To monitor their operation and promptly identify potential safety issues, regular inspections are necessary. Manual inspections are labor-intensive, and the complex geographical environments along these lines (some located in mountainous valleys and remote areas) make transportation difficult. Therefore, inspection robots and drones have emerged as a solution.

[0004] According to the inventor, inspection robots or drones require electricity for their inspection work. However, due to their limited battery capacity, the flight time per flight is limited, requiring frequent returns to the ground base station to replace or recharge the batteries. This restricts the frequency and duration of use of inspection robots or drones. Furthermore, when replacing or recharging batteries, inspection robots or drones need to fly back to the ground base station from high altitudes, which presents certain drawbacks in power grid inspection work, such as low inspection efficiency, waste of electricity during round trips to and from the base station, poor security of outdoor base stations, and high costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a split-type charging device and method utilizing overhead wires for energy extraction. The device employs a split structure, comprising a fixed power extraction component and a mobile charging component. The fixed power extraction component is equipped with a gripper mechanism for extracting charging energy through electromagnetic induction generated by the load current on the overhead wire, as well as contacts for electrical contact with the mobile charging component. Simultaneously, the mobile charging component features an annular metal sheet and an annular groove. Combined with an energy storage mechanism on the fixed power extraction component, efficient and rapid charging of the device to be charged is achieved through the fixed power extraction component and the mobile charging component.

[0006] According to some embodiments, the first aspect of the present invention provides a split-type charging device that utilizes overhead wires for energy extraction, employing the following technical solution:

[0007] A split-type charging device utilizing overhead power lines is provided, comprising a power-collecting fixing component and a charging moving component. The power-collecting fixing component includes a gripper mechanism and a power-collecting docking mechanism, as well as an energy storage mechanism for connecting the gripper mechanism and the power-collecting docking mechanism. The gripper mechanism, which clamps onto the overhead power line, includes a first gripper and a second gripper with built-in induction coils. The power-collecting docking mechanism has a platform-like structure, with several evenly distributed axially oriented electromagnets on the inner side of its upper base. Several contacts are radially distributed along the inner side of the upper base. At least one electromagnetic latch is provided on the inner side of the platform-like structure. The charging moving component employs a charging docking mechanism fitted inside the power-collecting docking mechanism. The charging docking mechanism includes several annular metal plates matching the radially distributed contacts, metal rings matching the electromagnets, and annular grooves matching the electromagnetic latch.

[0008] It should be noted that the charging mobile component can provide charging for inspection robots or drones waiting for charging equipment.

[0009] As a further technical limitation, the gripper mechanism is used to convert the magnetic field energy generated by the load current on the overhead conductor into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction, so as to provide the electrical energy required for charging.

[0010] Furthermore, the energy storage mechanism includes at least a battery and a current transformer, wherein the current transformer obtains induced current from the overhead conductor to charge the battery.

[0011] As a further technical limitation, a docking mark matching the charging moving component is provided in the middle of the inner side of the upper bottom surface of the platform-shaped structure; a vision mechanism for identifying the docking mark is provided at the top center of the charging docking mechanism.

[0012] As a further technical limitation, the charging mobile component also includes a positioning mechanism, which employs a GPS locator.

[0013] As a further technical limitation, the gripper mechanism also includes locking elements disposed on the first gripper and the second gripper.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking element is an electromagnetic lock, which includes an electromagnet fixed to the outside of the first gripper and a suction plate fixed to the outside of the second gripper; the electromagnet is electrically connected to the energy storage mechanism, which provides the electromagnetic lock with the electrical energy required during the electromagnetic attraction process.

[0015] Furthermore, the locking element is a mechanical clamping clamp, which includes a first base fixed to the outside of the first jaw and a second base fixed to the outside of the second jaw. The first base is provided with a limit groove, and the second base is provided with a U-shaped buckle and a clamping handle. The clamping handle is hinged to the second base, and the U-shaped buckle is hinged to the clamping handle.

[0016] According to some embodiments, the second aspect of the present invention provides a split-type charging method that utilizes overhead wires for energy extraction, employing the split-type charging device that utilizes overhead wires for energy extraction provided in the first aspect, and adopting the following technical solution:

[0017] A split-type charging method utilizing overhead power lines for energy extraction includes:

[0018] Before charging, the power collection and fixing components are fixed to the overhead wire based on the gripper structure;

[0019] The charging moving component aligns with the power-collecting docking mechanism according to the docking mark. After docking, the electromagnet is energized, causing the charging moving component and the power-collecting docking mechanism to engage. The contact point contacts the metal ring, establishing an electrical connection between the charging docking mechanism and the power-collecting docking mechanism. The electromagnetic locking tongue engages in the annular groove to achieve a fixed connection between the charging moving component and the power-collecting docking mechanism. After connection, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the power-collecting fixed component charges the device to be charged through the charging moving component.

[0020] As a further technical limitation, during the charging process from the fixed power-collecting component to the mobile charging component, the energy is buffered by the energy storage mechanism. When the charging power required by the mobile charging component is large, the energy storage mechanism and the overhead wire simultaneously charge the device to be charged through the mobile charging component to increase the charging power.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] This invention adopts a split structure, consisting of a power-collecting fixed component and a charging moving component. The power-collecting fixed component is equipped with a gripper mechanism for obtaining charging energy through electromagnetic induction generated by the load current on the overhead conductor, as well as contacts for electrical contact with the charging moving component. Meanwhile, the charging moving component is equipped with an annular metal sheet and an annular groove, which, together with the energy storage mechanism set on the power-collecting fixed component, enables efficient and rapid charging of the device to be charged.

[0023] This invention can be widely applied in the field of power inspection robots or drones, reducing the drawbacks of inspection robots or drones having to go back and forth to charge, improving the battery life of inspection robots or drones, and making charging convenient and fast. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this embodiment, are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment. The illustrative embodiments and their descriptions are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute an improper limitation of this embodiment.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a split-type charging device that utilizes overhead wires to extract energy according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply fixing component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gripper mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the automatically installed electromagnetic lock in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod motor drive structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the manually installed electromagnetic lock in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a power supply docking mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a bottom view of the power acquisition and docking mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a device to be charged containing a charging mobile component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a charging docking mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a top view of the charging docking mechanism in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Among them, 1. Power collection and fixing assembly; 11. Gripper mechanism; 111. First gripper; 112. Second gripper; 113. Locking element; 1131. Electromagnetic lock; 11311. Electromagnet; 11312. Adsorption plate; 1132. Locking bolt; 12. Power collection docking mechanism; 121. Docking mark; 122. Adsorption electromagnet; 123. Contact; 124. Electromagnetic lock tongue; 13. Energy storage mechanism; 14. Drive mechanism; 141. First push rod motor; 142. Second push rod motor; 2. Charging moving assembly; 21. Charging docking mechanism; 211. Vision mechanism; 212. Metal ring; 213. Annular metal sheet; 214. Annular groove; 22. Positioning mechanism; 3. Overhead conductor; 4. Device to be charged. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of this application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains.

[0039] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0040] In this invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "side," and "bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only to facilitate the description of the structural relationships of the various components or elements of this invention and do not specifically refer to any component or element in this invention. They should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0041] In this invention, terms such as "fixed connection," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, indicating a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can determine the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances, and they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0042] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] Embodiment 1 of the present invention introduces a split-type charging device that utilizes overhead wires for energy extraction.

[0045] like Figure 1 The illustrated split-type charging device utilizing overhead power lines has a split structure, comprising a power-collecting and fixing component 1, a charging and moving component 2, and a device to be charged 4; wherein, the structure of the power-collecting and fixing component 1 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it includes a gripper mechanism 11 and a power take-off docking mechanism 12, as well as an energy storage mechanism 13 for connecting the gripper mechanism 11 and the power take-off docking mechanism 12.

[0046] It should be noted that both the gripper mechanism 11 and the energy storage mechanism 13 are equipped with rectifier, voltage regulator and filter circuit structures, which are existing technologies that should be known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, the gripper mechanism 11 is clamped on the overhead conductor 3 and is used to convert the magnetic field energy generated by the load current on the overhead conductor 3 into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction to provide the electrical energy required for charging. The gripper mechanism 11 includes a first gripper 111 with a built-in induction coil, a second gripper 112, and a locking element 113 disposed on the first gripper 111 and the second gripper 112.

[0048] It should be noted that the engagement portion where the first gripper 111 and the second gripper 112 clamp can be provided with multiple protruding and concave structures (such as...). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the gripper mechanism 11 extends along the direction of the overhead conductor 3, that is, the gripper mechanism 11 is cylindrical and clamps the overhead conductor 3.

[0049] As one or more implementation methods, the power supply fixing component 1 can be automatically fixed to the overhead conductor 3. In this embodiment, the locking element 113 adopts, for example... Figure 4 In other embodiments of the electromagnetic lock 1131 shown, the locking element 113 may be a locking element with a different structure.

[0050] like Figure 4 The electromagnetic lock 1131 shown includes an electromagnet 11311 fixed to the outside of the first gripper 111 and a suction plate 11312 fixed to the outside of the second gripper 112.

[0051] It should be noted that the electromagnet 11311 is equipped with a controller (not shown in the figure). The controller controls the on and off of the electromagnet 11311, thereby realizing the electromagnetic attraction between the electromagnet 11311 and the suction plate 11312, so as to realize the locking function after the gripper mechanism 11 is fixed on the overhead conductor 3.

[0052] It should be noted that the opening and closing of the gripper mechanism 11, that is, the opening and closing of the first gripper 111 and the second gripper 112, can be achieved by the drive mechanism 14. Different drive mechanisms 14 are selected according to the differences of the device to be charged 4 to achieve the opening and closing of the gripper mechanism 11. The specific driving method is a technology that should be known by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0053] As one implementation method, the drive mechanism 14 may adopt the following approach: Figure 5 The first push rod motor 141 and the second push rod motor 142 shown drive the first gripper 111 and the second gripper 112 to open and close respectively through the rotational force of the first push rod motor 141 and the second push rod motor 142.

[0054] It should be noted that when using the automatic installation method, a position detection device (not shown in the figure) needs to be installed on the outside of the electromagnetic lock 11311. This device detects the clamping positions of the first gripper 111 and the second gripper 112 to control and drive the opening and closing of the gripper mechanism 11. Simultaneously, a camera needs to be installed at the rotatable connection between the first gripper 111 and the second gripper 112 in the gripper mechanism 11 to identify whether the gripper mechanism 11 accurately clamps the overhead wire 3.

[0055] As one or more implementation methods, the power supply fixing component 1 can be manually fixed to the overhead conductor 3. In this embodiment, the locking element 113 adopts, for example, Figure 6 In other embodiments, the locking element 113 may be a locking element with other structural configurations, such as a clamping pliers, instead of the locking bolt 1132 shown.

[0056] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the clamping mechanism 11 is locked by the bolt and bolt hole in the locking bolt 1132. The power extraction fixing component 1 is fixed to the overhead conductor 3 by the locking connection between the first clamp 111 and the second clamp 112. In other embodiments, the power extraction fixing component 1 can be fixed to the overhead conductor 3 by a clamping clamp. In other embodiments, the clamping clamp includes a first base fixed to the outside of the first clamp 111 and a second base fixed to the outside of the second clamp 112. The first base is provided with a limiting groove, and the second base is provided with a U-shaped buckle and a clamping handle. The clamping handle is hinged to the second base, and the U-shaped buckle is hinged to the clamping handle. Lifting the clamping handle and locking the U-shaped buckle in the limiting groove, and then pressing the clamping handle down, can realize the locking function of the clamping clamp. Conversely, when it is necessary to open the clamping clamp, lifting the clamping handle and the U-shaped buckle popping out from the limiting groove can open the clamping clamp and release the locking function.

[0057] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the power taking docking mechanism 12 has a platform-shaped structure. Several magnets 122 are evenly distributed along the axial direction on the inner side of the upper bottom surface of the platform-shaped structure. Several contacts 123 are radially distributed along the inner side of the upper bottom surface of the power taking docking mechanism 12. A docking mark 121 matching the charging moving component 2 is provided in the middle of the inner side of the upper bottom surface of the platform-shaped structure. At least one electromagnetic latch 124 is provided on the inner side of the platform-shaped structure.

[0058] It should be noted that the power receiving and docking mechanism 12 can adopt a frustum structure or a pyramid structure; the structure with a small upper base and a large lower base can play a certain protective role during the charging process, for example, it can realize the charging function in rainy, windy and snowy weather.

[0059] In this embodiment, the energy storage mechanism 13 includes at least a battery and a current transformer. The current transformer obtains induced current from the overhead conductor 3 to charge the battery. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, the large current on the primary side is converted into a small current on the secondary side to obtain the electrical energy required for charging from the overhead conductor 3.

[0060] In actual use, since the overhead conductor 3 is always energized, it can continuously charge the battery through the current transformer. That is, when there is no charging moving component 2 under the power taking fixed component 1, it continuously charges the energy storage mechanism 13; when there is a charging moving component 2 under the power taking fixed component 1, the energy storage mechanism 13 and the charging moving component 2 charge the device 4 to be charged, so as to improve the charging power.

[0061] It should be noted that when a device 4 containing the charging mobile component 2 needs charging, the charging mobile component 2 communicates with the power-collecting fixed component 1 to match them. Simultaneously, the charging mobile component 2 acquires the rechargeable battery information of the device 4. Based on this information, the charging method for the device 4 is determined using the charging mobile component 2. When the device 4 requires a large charging power, the energy obtained from the overhead conductor 3 via the gripper mechanism 11 and the energy storage mechanism 13 simultaneously charge the device 4 via the charging mobile component 2. When the device 4 requires a small charging power, the energy obtained from the overhead conductor 3 via the gripper mechanism 11 charges both the energy storage mechanism 13 and the device 4. After the energy storage mechanism 13 is fully charged, the energy obtained from the overhead conductor 3 via the gripper mechanism 11 is only for the device 4.

[0062] like Figure 9As shown, the device to be charged 4 includes a charging moving component 2, which includes a charging docking mechanism 21 and a positioning mechanism 22 (placed inside the charging moving component 2, not marked in the figure); wherein, the charging docking mechanism 21 is sleeved inside the power taking docking mechanism 12.

[0063] In this embodiment, the positioning mechanism 22 uses a GPS locator; in other embodiments, the positioning mechanism 22 may use other positioning devices.

[0064] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the charging docking mechanism 21 includes several annular metal plates 212 that match the radially distributed contacts 123, a metal ring 213 that matches the adsorption electromagnet 122, an annular groove 214 that matches the electromagnetic locking tongue 124, and a vision mechanism 211 disposed at the top center of the charging docking mechanism 21 for identifying the docking mark 121.

[0065] In this embodiment, the vision mechanism 211 adopts a camera structure; in other embodiments, the vision mechanism 211 may adopt other structures.

[0066] The working principle of the split-type charging device that utilizes overhead wires for energy extraction, as described in this embodiment, is as follows:

[0067] When the charging mobile component 2 needs to be charged, it communicates through its built-in communication module. After detecting the matching power-taking fixed component 1, the charging mobile component 2 moves to the position of the power-taking fixed component 1.

[0068] When the charging mobile component 2 approaches the power-taking fixed component 1, the vision mechanism 211 (a camera is used in this embodiment) searches for the docking mark 121 to assist in the docking between the charging mobile component 2 and the power-taking fixed component 1.

[0069] During the positioning docking process between the charging mobile component 2 and the power-taking fixed component 1, the electromagnetic latch of the adsorption electromagnet 122 pops out after the positioning docking is completed, realizing the adsorption electromagnet 122 and the metal ring 212. At this time, the radially arranged contact point 123 contacts the annular metal piece 213, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the charging mobile component 2 and the power-taking fixed component 1. At the same time, the energy storage mechanism 13 provides power to the electromagnetic latch 124, and the electromagnetic latch 124 pops out from the power-taking docking mechanism 12. The popped-out electromagnetic latch 124 is locked in the annular groove 214, thereby fixing the position of the charging mobile component 2, and thus realizing the charging of the device 4 to be charged through the charging mobile component 2.

[0070] It should be noted that the radial arrangement of the contacts 123 is intended to facilitate the electrical connection between the power-collecting fixed component 1 and the charging mobile component 2. The annular metal sheet 213 is arranged in multiple rings on the top of the charging docking mechanism 21, which means that no matter which direction the charging mobile component 2 is connected to the power-collecting fixed component, the electrical connection between the power-collecting fixed component 1 and the charging mobile component 2 can be achieved, realizing a fast and seamless docking between the two.

[0071] It should be noted that there is no magnetic conductor between the electromagnetic coils of the overhead wire 3 and the gripper mechanism 11, the electromagnetic attraction between the electromagnet 122 and the metal ring 212, and the energized pop-out of the electromagnetic lock tongue 124, meaning that no electromagnetic interference will occur.

[0072] It should be noted that after the electromagnetic latch 124 pops out to fix the position of the charging moving component 2, the adsorption electromagnet 122 is de-energized; throughout the entire charging process, the electromagnetic latch remains in the popped-out state; after charging is completed, the electromagnetic latch 124 and the adsorption electromagnet 122 are energized to release the electromagnetic adsorption and complete the fixed connection between the power supply fixing component 1 and the charging moving component 2.

[0073] It should be noted that the number of electromagnetic latches 124 can be one or more; when multiple latches are provided, the multiple electromagnetic latches 124 can be on the same circumference of the power-taking docking mechanism 12 or on different circumferences; the specific structural configuration of the electromagnetic latches 123 can be determined according to the structure of the charging moving component 2 and the power-taking fixing component 1. When one electromagnetic latch 124 is provided on the power-taking docking mechanism 12, an annular groove 214 matching the electromagnetic latch is opened on the outer side of the charging docking mechanism 21; when several electromagnetic latches 124 are provided on the same circumference of the power-taking docking mechanism 12 (at this time, the electromagnetic latches 124 can be evenly distributed along the circumference or not evenly distributed), an annular groove 214 matching the electromagnetic latch is opened on the outer side of the charging docking mechanism 21.

[0074] When the power taking docking mechanism 12 is provided with a number of electromagnetic latches 124 on different circumferences (at this time, at least two electromagnetic latches 214 are not in the same axial direction), a number of annular grooves 214 matching the electromagnetic latches are opened on the outer side of the charging docking mechanism 21.

[0075] This embodiment adopts a split structure, consisting of a power-collecting fixed component and a charging moving component. The power-collecting fixed component is equipped with a gripper mechanism for obtaining charging energy through electromagnetic induction generated by the load current on the overhead conductor, as well as contacts for electrical contact with the charging moving component. Simultaneously, the charging moving component features an annular metal plate and annular grooves. Combined with an energy storage mechanism on the power-collecting fixed component, this achieves efficient and rapid charging of the device to be charged. It can be widely applied in the fields of power inspection robots or drones, reducing the inconvenience of repeated charging trips for inspection robots or drones, improving their endurance, and providing convenient and quick charging.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] Embodiment 2 of the present invention introduces a split-type charging method that uses overhead wires to extract energy, and adopts the split-type charging device that uses overhead wires to extract energy as described in Embodiment 1.

[0078] A split-type charging method utilizing overhead power lines for energy extraction includes:

[0079] Before charging, the power collection and fixing components are fixed to the overhead wire based on the gripper structure;

[0080] The charging moving component aligns with the power-collecting docking mechanism according to the docking mark. After docking, the electromagnet is energized, causing the charging moving component and the power-collecting docking mechanism to engage. The contact point contacts the metal ring, establishing an electrical connection between the charging docking mechanism and the power-collecting docking mechanism. The electromagnetic locking tongue engages in the annular groove to achieve a fixed connection between the charging moving component and the power-collecting docking mechanism. After connection, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the power-collecting fixed component charges the device to be charged through the charging moving component.

[0081] As one or more implementation methods, during the process of the fixed power-taking component charging the mobile charging component, the energy is buffered by the energy storage mechanism. When the charging power required by the mobile charging component is large, the energy storage mechanism and the overhead wire simultaneously charge the device to be charged through the mobile charging component to increase the charging power.

[0082] The detailed steps are the same as the working principle of the split-type charging device that uses overhead wires to extract energy provided in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0083] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this practice and is not intended to limit the scope of this practice. Various modifications and variations can be made to this practice by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this practice should be included within the protection scope of this practice.

Claims

1. A split-type charging device that utilizes overhead wires for energy extraction, characterized in that, The device has a split structure, including a power-collecting and fixing component and a charging and moving component. The power-collecting and fixing component includes a gripper mechanism and a power-collecting docking mechanism, as well as an energy storage mechanism for connecting the gripper mechanism and the power-collecting docking mechanism. The gripper mechanism clamps onto an overhead conductor and includes a first gripper and a second gripper with built-in induction coils. The power-collecting docking mechanism has a platform-shaped structure, with several evenly distributed axially oriented electromagnets on the inner side of its upper bottom surface. The power-collecting docking mechanism has several contacts radially distributed along the inner side of its upper bottom surface. At least one electromagnetic latch is provided on the inner side of the platform-shaped structure. The charging and moving component employs a charging docking mechanism fitted inside the power-collecting docking mechanism. The charging docking mechanism includes several annular metal plates matching the radially distributed contacts, metal rings matching the electromagnets, and annular grooves matching the electromagnetic latch.

2. A split-type charging device for harvesting energy from an overhead wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gripper mechanism is used to convert the magnetic field energy generated by the load current on the overhead conductor into electrical energy through electromagnetic induction, so as to provide the electrical energy required for charging.

3. A split-type charging device for harvesting energy from an overhead wire as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The energy storage mechanism includes at least a battery and a current transformer, wherein the current transformer obtains induced current from the overhead conductor to charge the battery.

4. A split-type charging device for harvesting energy from an overhead wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A docking mark matching the charging moving component is provided in the middle of the inner side of the upper bottom surface of the platform-shaped structure; a vision mechanism for identifying the docking mark is provided at the top center of the charging docking mechanism.

5. A split-type charging device for harvesting energy from an overhead wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The charging mobile component also includes a positioning mechanism, which employs a GPS locator.

6. A split-type charging device for harvesting energy from an overhead wire as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gripper mechanism further includes locking elements disposed on the first gripper and the second gripper.

7. A split-type charging device for harvesting energy from an overhead wire as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The locking element is an electromagnetic lock, which includes an electromagnet fixed to the outside of the first gripper and a suction plate fixed to the outside of the second gripper; the electromagnet is electrically connected to the energy storage mechanism, which provides the electromagnetic lock with the electrical energy required during the electromagnetic attraction process.

8. A split-type charging device for harvesting energy from an overhead wire as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The locking element is a mechanical clamping clamp, which includes a first base fixed to the outside of the first jaw and a second base fixed to the outside of the second jaw. The first base is provided with a limit groove, and the second base is provided with a U-shaped buckle and a clamping handle. The clamping handle is hinged to the second base, and the U-shaped buckle is hinged to the clamping handle.

9. A split-type charging method utilizing overhead wires for energy extraction, employing the split-type charging device utilizing overhead wires for energy extraction as described in claim 4, characterized in that, include: Before charging, the power collection and fixing components are fixed to the overhead wire based on the gripper structure; The charging moving component aligns with the power-collecting docking mechanism according to the docking mark. After docking, the electromagnet is energized, causing the charging moving component and the power-collecting docking mechanism to engage. The contact point contacts the metal ring, establishing an electrical connection between the charging docking mechanism and the power-collecting docking mechanism. The electromagnetic locking tongue engages in the annular groove to achieve a fixed connection between the charging moving component and the power-collecting docking mechanism. After connection, the electromagnet is de-energized, and the power-collecting fixed component charges the device to be charged through the charging moving component.

10. A split-type charging method for harvesting energy using overhead wires as described in claim 9, characterized in that, During the charging process from the fixed power-collecting component to the mobile charging component, the energy is buffered by the energy storage mechanism. When the mobile charging component requires a large charging power, the energy storage mechanism and the overhead wire simultaneously charge the device to be charged through the mobile charging component to increase the charging power.

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