A solid state hydrogen storage tank

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of solid-state hydrogen storage tank, including tank body and hydrogen storage tube;Tank body includes cylinder and is located at the sealing cover of both ends of cylinder;Hydrogen storage tube is located in cylinder, and hydrogen storage tube one port is connected with hydrogen inlet pipe, hydrogen inlet pipe end is passed through one sealing cover and is located outside the side of tank, hydrogen storage tube other port is connected with hydrogen outlet pipe, hydrogen outlet pipe end is passed through another sealing cover and is located outside the side of tank, and multiple hydrogen outlet hole groups are provided on hydrogen storage tube;Cylinder includes first spiral pipe, and the two adjacent pipes of first spiral pipe are abutted, and one port of first spiral pipe is connected with heat exchange medium inlet pipe, and other port is connected with heat exchange medium outlet pipe.The absorption speed of the heat emitted by the hydrogen storage material in the tank of the present application is faster, the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchange medium is high, the hydrogen storage environment temperature of hydrogen storage material is guaranteed, and the hydrogen storage efficiency of hydrogen storage material is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology, and in particular to a solid hydrogen storage tank. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main hydrogen storage methods include high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, organic liquid hydrogen storage, and solid-state hydrogen storage. Solid-state hydrogen storage, especially using metal hydrogen storage materials, is considered one of the most promising hydrogen storage methods due to its advantages such as high energy density, small size, portability, and the safe and stable formation of compounds. Metal hydrogen storage materials release heat during the hydrogen storage process and absorb heat during the release process; therefore, thermal management of the hydrogen storage reactor is a crucial factor in improving the efficiency of metal hydrogen storage materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a solid hydrogen storage tank. During the hydrogen storage process of the internal hydrogen storage material, the absorption rate of heat released by the hydrogen storage material inside the tank is faster, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium is high, the hydrogen storage environment temperature of the hydrogen storage material is guaranteed, and the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage material is further improved.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A solid hydrogen storage tank includes a tank body and a hydrogen storage pipe; The aforementioned tank includes a cylindrical body and sealing caps located at both ends of the cylindrical body; The hydrogen storage pipe is located inside the cylinder, and one end of the hydrogen storage pipe is connected to a hydrogen inlet pipe. The end of the hydrogen inlet pipe passes through one of the sealing caps and is located outside the tank. The other end of the hydrogen storage pipe is connected to a hydrogen outlet pipe. The end of the hydrogen outlet pipe passes through another of the sealing caps and is located outside the tank. The hydrogen storage pipe is provided with a plurality of hydrogen outlet hole groups. The aforementioned cylinder includes a first spiral tube, and two adjacent coils of pipe within the first spiral tube abut each other. One end of the first spiral tube is connected to a heat exchange medium inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to a heat exchange medium outlet pipe.

[0005] Preferably, the hydrogen storage tube includes a second spiral tube, the hydrogen outlet hole group is disposed on the side wall of the second spiral tube, and a plurality of the hydrogen outlet hole groups are disposed from one end to the other end along the spiral direction of the second spiral tube.

[0006] Preferably, the first spiral tube and the second spiral tube are arranged coaxially.

[0007] Preferably, each of the above-mentioned hydrogen outlet hole groups includes multiple hydrogen outlet holes, and the multiple hydrogen outlet holes in the same hydrogen outlet hole group are evenly distributed on the same cross-section of the second spiral tube.

[0008] Preferably, the inner helix of the first spiral tube is a first distance away from the central axis of the tank, the inner helix of the second spiral tube is a second distance away from the central axis of the tank, the ratio of the second distance to the first distance is in the range of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3, and the diameter ratio of the first spiral tube to the second spiral tube is 1 / 2.

[0009] Preferably, the ratio of the pitch to the diameter of the second spiral tube is in the range of 2-3.

[0010] Preferably, a first heat-conducting plate is provided on the inner wall of the first spiral tube. The first heat-conducting plate has a spiral structure, and an inner spiral connecting groove is formed on the inner wall of the first spiral tube. One end of the first heat-conducting plate is connected to the inner spiral connecting groove.

[0011] Preferably, a second heat-conducting plate is provided on the inner wall of the first spiral tube. The second heat-conducting plate has a spiral structure, and an outer spiral connecting groove is formed on the inner wall of the first spiral tube. One end of the second heat-conducting plate is connected to the outer spiral connecting groove.

[0012] Preferably, the first heat-conducting sheet is provided with a plurality of connecting holes along its spiral direction.

[0013] Preferably, the inner sidewalls at both ends of the first spiral tube are provided with bosses, and the sealing cap is installed on a plurality of the bosses; Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided on the side wall of the aforementioned sealing cover, and the sealing gasket abuts against the inner side wall of the aforementioned first spiral tube.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The cylinder is constructed using a first spiral tube. The inner arc-shaped surface of the spiral tube directly increases the contact area between the heat exchange medium and the hydrogen storage material, thus directly increasing the heat exchange area. Furthermore, the outer arc-shaped surface of the cylinder directly increases the heat dissipation area. The combination of these two factors further improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium and allows for faster absorption of heat from the hydrogen storage material inside the cylinder, thereby further enhancing the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage material.

[0015] 2. The cylinder formed by the first spiral tube has no gaps and has more turns, which increases the contact time between the heat exchange medium and the hydrogen storage material and improves the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium to a certain extent. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall hydrogen storage tank in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage tube according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative installation positions of the first spiral tube and the second spiral tube within the cylinder, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder and heat-conducting plate in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder, heat-conducting plate, and boss in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of hydrogen outlet holes on the same cross-section of the spiral tube in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a graph showing the ratio of the second distance to the first distance in an embodiment of the present invention versus the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage tank. Figure 9 This is a graph showing the ratio of the inner pitch to the diameter of the second spiral tube in an embodiment of the present invention to the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Tank body; 11. First spiral tube; 12. Sealing cover; 2. Hydrogen storage tube; 21. Second spiral tube; 3. Hydrogen inlet tube; 4. Hydrogen outlet tube; 5. Heat exchange medium inlet tube; 6. Heat exchange medium outlet tube; 7. Hydrogen outlet hole; 8. First heat-conducting fin; 9. Second heat-conducting fin; 10. Boss. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] like Figure 1-6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a solid hydrogen storage tank, including a tank body 1 and a hydrogen storage pipe 2. The tank body 1 is used to install solid hydrogen storage material, specifically including a cylinder and sealing caps 12 at both ends of the cylinder. The solid hydrogen storage material is located inside the cylinder. The hydrogen storage pipe 2 is used to supply hydrogen gas into the cylinder, which is then absorbed by the hydrogen storage material inside the cylinder, thereby achieving hydrogen storage. Specifically, the hydrogen storage pipe 2 is located inside the cylinder, and one end of the hydrogen storage pipe 2 is connected to a hydrogen inlet pipe 3 for allowing hydrogen gas to enter. The end of the hydrogen inlet pipe 3 passes through one of the sealing caps 12 and is located outside the tank body 1. The other end of the hydrogen storage pipe 2 is connected to a hydrogen outlet pipe 4 for allowing hydrogen gas to exit. The end of the hydrogen outlet pipe 4 passes through another sealing cap 12 and is located outside the tank body 1. Correspondingly, the hydrogen storage pipe 2 is provided with a plurality of hydrogen outlet hole groups for injecting hydrogen gas into the cylinder for absorption by the solid hydrogen storage material.

[0023] To improve the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank, the cylinder in this embodiment is composed of a first spiral tube 11, with two adjacent coils of pipe inside the first spiral tube 11 abutting each other. This allows the first spiral tube 11 to form a cylinder with a sealed outer wall. Correspondingly, two sealing caps 12 are connected to the ends of the first spiral tube 11, forming a sealed tank 1. Furthermore, to improve heat exchange efficiency, a heat exchange medium inlet pipe 5 is connected to one end of the first spiral tube 11, and a heat exchange medium outlet pipe 6 is connected to the other end. The heat exchange medium absorbs the heat released by the hydrogen storage material inside the cylinder, ensuring the hydrogen storage rate. Specifically, the cylinder formed by the first spiral tube 11 serves both a sealing function and a heat exchange function. Specifically, the inner wall of the spiral tube is composed of many raised arc surfaces, resulting in a larger contact area between the inner wall and the hydrogen storage material compared to a cylindrical cylinder, leading to better heat absorption. Moreover, the outer wall of the spiral tube is composed of many raised arc surfaces. The structure, during the flow of the heat exchange medium after heat exchange within the tank, exhibits better heat dissipation efficiency due to natural heat dissipation compared to a cylindrical body. The combination of these two factors further enhances the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange medium, resulting in faster heat absorption by the hydrogen storage material within the tank, thus further improving the hydrogen storage efficiency. Furthermore, compared to spiral heat exchange tubes within a tank of the same volume, the cross-section of the first spiral tube 11 is larger than that of existing spiral heat exchange tubes within a tank. This is because existing spiral heat exchange tubes have gaps between adjacent tubes, while the first spiral tube 11 has no gaps. Therefore, for the same tube diameter, the first spiral tube 11 has more turns, resulting in a longer contact time between the heat exchange medium and the hydrogen storage material within the tank 1, thereby increasing the heat exchange time and improving heat exchange efficiency. Therefore, compared to existing hydrogen storage tanks, the overall thermal management effect during hydrogen storage is better. Specifically, the heat exchange medium is a commonly used medium in the field of hydrogen storage tanks.

[0024] To further improve the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage material, in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage pipe 2 includes a second spiral pipe 21, and a group of hydrogen outlet holes is provided on the side wall of the second spiral pipe 21. Compared to the straight pipes used for hydrogen outlet in the prior art, the first spiral pipe 11 has a larger contact area with the hydrogen storage material inside the cylinder. Correspondingly, the contact area between the hydrogen gas ejected from the hydrogen storage pipe 2 through the group of hydrogen outlet holes and the hydrogen storage material is larger, resulting in a larger volume of hydrogen stored simultaneously and higher hydrogen storage efficiency. Furthermore, in the prior art, the straight pipe is located at the central axis of the tank 1, and hydrogen gas can only dissipate from the inside to the outside, whereas the first spiral pipe 11... The hydrogen storage material is distributed around the central axis of the cylinder, which is equivalent to dividing the hydrogen storage material inside the cylinder into inner and outer parts. This indirectly reduces the volume of the hydrogen storage material, so that the hydrogen gas sprayed from the first spiral tube 11 can simultaneously enter the hydrogen storage material in both the inner and outer parts, increasing the hydrogen storage rate of the entire hydrogen storage tank. In order to ensure the uniformity of hydrogen storage in each part of the hydrogen storage material in the tank 1, multiple hydrogen outlet groups are set from one end to the other along the spiral direction of the second spiral tube 21. This makes the hydrogen storage rate of each part of the hydrogen storage material in the tank 1 from the hydrogen inlet end to the hydrogen outlet end basically the same, thereby reducing the overall hydrogen storage time of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0025] Specifically, in order to ensure that the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material in each part of the tank 1 from the hydrogen inlet end to the hydrogen outlet end is basically the same, in this embodiment, the first spiral tube 11 and the second spiral tube 21 are arranged coaxially, so that the distance between the first spiral tube 11 and the second spiral tube 21 is the same from the hydrogen inlet end to the hydrogen outlet end. When the hydrogen outlet rate of each part of the second spiral tube 21 is the same, the hydrogen storage rate of the corresponding hydrogen storage material in each part is basically the same, which can accelerate the overall hydrogen storage rate and reduce the overall hydrogen storage time to a certain extent.

[0026] Specifically, to ensure a wider spray area for the ejected hydrogen gas when the second spiral tube 21 exits hydrogen, allowing it to contact more hydrogen storage material simultaneously and thus increasing the hydrogen storage volume, in this embodiment, each hydrogen outlet group includes multiple hydrogen outlet holes 7, such as... Figure 7 As shown, multiple hydrogen outlet holes 7 within the same hydrogen outlet hole group are evenly distributed on the same cross-section of the second spiral tube 21, i.e., multiple hydrogen storage holes form a circle, so that the hydrogen gas in the second spiral tube 21 on the same cross-section can be sprayed in a circular manner through the hydrogen outlet holes 7. This allows the hydrogen storage material around the second spiral tube 21 to come into contact with the hydrogen gas at the first time and store hydrogen, increasing the hydrogen storage volume of the hydrogen storage material. Moreover, since the second spiral tube 21 is spirally distributed, the hydrogen storage material between adjacent pipes in the second spiral tube 21 can be fully covered by hydrogen gas, improving the hydrogen storage efficiency.

[0027] Preferably, to improve the hydrogen storage rate and shorten the overall storage time of the hydrogen storage tank, in this embodiment, the inner spiral of the first spiral tube 11 is separated from the central axis of the tank body 1 by a first distance L1, and the inner spiral of the second spiral tube 21 is separated from the central axis of the tank body 1 by a second distance L2. Because the cylindrical structure has a smaller volume in the central part compared to the outer part, and the hydrogen storage material distribution area is larger in the outer part, the ratio of the second distance L2 to the first distance L1 is between 1 / 2 and 2 / 3. This ensures that the inner and outer parts of the cylinder divided by the second spiral tube 21 have similar volumes. Within this ratio range, the hydrogen absorption efficiency of the entire hydrogen storage tank is high. Figure 8 The test curve is shown; preferably, the diameter of the second spiral tube 21 is relatively larger than that of the first spiral tube 11. With a larger diameter of the second spiral tube 21, the contact area with the hydrogen storage material is relatively larger in the same hydrogen storage material area. Moreover, with a smaller diameter of the first spiral tube 11, the more turns of the first spiral tube 11 of the same length, the longer the heat exchange time of the overall medium. Preferably, the ratio of the diameters of the first spiral tube 11 and the second spiral tube 21 is 1 / 2.

[0028] Preferably, such as Figure 9 As shown in the curve obtained from the experiment, when the ratio of the pitch to the diameter of the second spiral tube 21 is in the range of 2-3, the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank is within the capped range.

[0029] Specifically, a first heat-conducting plate 8 is provided on the inner wall of the first spiral tube 11. The first heat-conducting plate 8 has a spiral structure, and an inner spiral connecting groove is formed on the inner wall of the first spiral tube 11. One end of the first heat-conducting plate 8 is connected to the inner spiral connecting groove. The first heat-conducting plate 8 can increase the connection strength between two adjacent pipes in the first spiral tube 11 and also increase the heat exchange area between the first spiral tube 11 and the hydrogen storage material. When the hydrogen storage material far from the first spiral tube 11 releases heat, the heat can also be quickly transferred to the first spiral tube 11 through the first heat-conducting plate 8, and the heat can be quickly transferred out to ensure the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage material. Moreover, the spiral structure of the first heat-conducting plate 8 divides the adjacent area of ​​the inner wall of the first spiral tube 11 into multiple sub-regions. To a certain extent, this ensures that the heat released by the hydrogen storage material in one sub-region will not dissipate to another sub-region, but will be directly conducted to the first spiral tube 11 for heat exchange through the first heat-conducting plate 8, thereby avoiding excessive heat in a certain sub-region, which would affect the hydrogen storage efficiency of the hydrogen storage material. Correspondingly, in order to facilitate the filling of hydrogen storage material, multiple connecting holes are provided in the first heat-conducting sheet 8 along its spiral direction, so that the sub-regions are connected.

[0030] Preferably, a second heat-conducting plate 9 is provided on the inner wall of the first spiral tube 11. The second heat-conducting plate 9 has a spiral structure, and an outer spiral connecting groove is formed on the inner wall of the first spiral tube 11. One end of the second heat-conducting plate 9 is connected to the outer spiral connecting groove. This can not only strengthen the connection strength at the connection point of the outer side of the adjacent pipes in the first spiral tube 11, but also increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the outer wall of the first spiral tube 11.

[0031] Specifically, both ends of the first spiral tube 11 are provided with protrusions 10 on their inner sidewalls. The sealing cover 12 is installed on the protrusions 10 by bolts, which facilitates the disassembly and installation of the first spiral tube 11 and the sealing cover 12. Correspondingly, in order to further ensure the seal between the first spiral tube 11 and the sealing cover 12, a sealing gasket is glued to the sidewall of the sealing cover 12. The sealing gasket abuts against the inner sidewall of the first spiral tube 11. The sealing gasket is a rubber gasket.

[0032] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that, Including the tank and hydrogen storage pipes; The tank body includes a cylindrical body and sealing caps located at both ends of the cylindrical body; The hydrogen storage pipe is located inside the cylinder, and one end of the hydrogen storage pipe is connected to a hydrogen inlet pipe. The end of the hydrogen inlet pipe passes through one of the sealing caps and is located outside the tank body. The other end of the hydrogen storage pipe is connected to a hydrogen outlet pipe. The end of the hydrogen outlet pipe passes through another sealing cap and is located outside the tank body. The hydrogen storage pipe is provided with multiple hydrogen outlet hole groups. The cylinder includes a first spiral tube, and two adjacent loops of pipe inside the first spiral tube abut each other to form a cylinder with a sealed outer wall. The sealing caps on both sides are respectively connected to the ends of the first spiral tube to form a sealed tank. One end of the first spiral tube is connected to a heat exchange medium inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to a heat exchange medium outlet pipe; The inner wall of the first spiral tube is provided with a first heat-conducting plate. The first heat-conducting plate has a spiral structure, and the inner wall of the first spiral tube is formed with an inner spiral connecting groove. One end of the first heat-conducting plate is connected to the inner spiral connecting groove. The hydrogen storage tube includes a second spiral tube, and the hydrogen outlet hole group is provided on the side wall of the second spiral tube. Multiple hydrogen outlet hole groups are arranged from one end to the other end along the spiral direction of the second spiral tube. The first spiral tube and the second spiral tube are arranged coaxially.

2. The solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each hydrogen outlet hole group includes multiple hydrogen outlet holes, and the multiple hydrogen outlet holes in the same hydrogen outlet hole group are evenly distributed on the same cross-section of the second spiral tube.

3. The solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner helix of the first spiral tube is a first distance away from the central axis of the tank, and the inner helix of the second spiral tube is a second distance away from the central axis of the tank. The ratio of the second distance to the first distance is in the range of 1 / 2 to 2 / 3, and the ratio of the diameters of the first spiral tube and the second spiral tube is 1 / 2.

4. The solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ratio of the pitch to the diameter of the second spiral tube is in the range of 2-3.

5. The solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat-conducting sheet has multiple connecting holes along its spiral direction.

6. The solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first spiral tube is provided with a second heat-conducting plate, which has a spiral structure, and the inner wall of the first spiral tube is formed with an outer spiral connecting groove, and one end of the second heat-conducting plate is connected to the outer spiral connecting groove.

7. The solid hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner walls at both ends of the first spiral tube are provided with bosses, and the sealing cap is installed on multiple bosses; Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided on the side wall of the sealing cover, and the sealing gasket abuts against the inner side wall of the first spiral tube.

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