A microfluidic chip and detection system

Abstract

This application relates to a microfluidic chip and a detection system. The microfluidic chip includes a quantitative chamber for a test solution, a first reaction chamber, and a second reaction chamber. The quantitative chamber for the test solution is used to quantify the test solution. The first reaction chamber is connected to the quantitative chamber for the test solution via a first microchannel. The first reaction chamber contains a lyophilized reagent containing a detection antibody, which is used to bind to target molecules in the test solution and generate a detection signal. The second reaction chamber is connected to the first reaction chamber via a second microchannel. The bottom of the second reaction chamber has a dot matrix, functional groups disposed on the dot matrix, and immobilizing antibodies connected to the functional groups for immobilizing target molecules in the test solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to a microfluidic chip and detection system. Background Technology

[0002] Microfluidic chips are microanalytical systems that integrate sample pretreatment, mixing, reaction, separation, and detection into one or more chips, replacing traditional laboratory procedures. Microfluidic chips offer advantages such as small sample volumes, simple operation, and the ability to accurately complete the entire process from sample preparation to result display in a short time, effectively overcoming experimental errors caused by manual operations in traditional laboratory work. Therefore, microfluidic chips are increasingly used in fields such as chemical analysis, DNA sequencing, protein analysis, single-cell analysis, single-molecule analysis, food safety, environmental monitoring, and drug screening.

[0003] However, traditional microfluidic chips can only perform single-channel, single-item detection, resulting in low detection efficiency.

[0004] The information disclosed above in the background art of this application is only used to understand the background of the concept of this application, and may contain information that does not constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a microfluidic chip and detection system to address the above problems.

[0006] A microfluidic chip, comprising:

[0007] A quantitative chamber for the test liquid, wherein the quantitative chamber for the test liquid is used to quantify the test liquid;

[0008] A first reaction chamber is connected to the quantitative chamber of the test solution via a first microchannel. The first reaction chamber contains a lyophilized reagent containing a detection antibody. The detection antibody is used to bind to the target molecule in the test solution and generate a detection signal.

[0009] The second reaction chamber is connected to the first reaction chamber through a second microchannel. The bottom of the second reaction chamber is provided with a dot matrix, functional groups disposed on the dot matrix, and fixed antibodies connected to the functional groups for immobilizing the target molecules in the test solution.

[0010] Before describing the technical effects achievable by the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that traditional microfluidic chips can only perform single-item detection in a single well and cannot detect multiple items in a single reaction chamber. To detect multiple items, multiple samples need to be added and different detection reagents need to be used to detect multiple indicators, which is cumbersome, has low detection efficiency, requires a large sample volume, and has high detection costs.

[0011] The aforementioned microfluidic chip can achieve at least the following beneficial effects: the quantitative chamber for the test liquid in the microfluidic chip can quantify the test liquid containing the sample; during detection, the quantitative chamber for the test liquid can input a quantitative amount of the test liquid into the first reaction chamber through the first microchannel, where the lyophilized reagent in the first reaction chamber mixes with the test liquid, and the detection antibody in the lyophilized reagent rapidly binds to the target molecule in the test liquid; then, the mixture of the lyophilized reagent and the test liquid is input into the second reaction chamber through the second microchannel, where the lattice in the reaction chamber is modified with functional groups, which can connect to the immobilizing antibody used to immobilize the target molecule, and have the ability to specifically recognize and capture different target molecules. After the target molecule specifically binds to the functional groups modified on the lattice, it is equivalent to being immobilized on the lattice. Since the target molecule has already bound to the detection antibody in the first reaction chamber, after it is immobilized in various regions of the lattice in the second reaction chamber, the detection signals generated by multiple target molecules can be detected simultaneously by multiple methods such as optical detection, electrochemical detection, and mass spectrometry detection, that is, multiple targets can be detected at the same time, and multiple results can be detected from a single sample. Compared to traditional single-detection methods, this technology can simultaneously detect multiple targets, significantly improving detection efficiency. Furthermore, it conserves valuable sample resources and reduces trauma to subjects by requiring only a small amount of sample. It should be noted that if the first reaction chamber is omitted and the test solution and lyophilized reagent are directly introduced into the second reaction chamber with a dot matrix, some of the target molecules in the test solution will be pre-captured and immobilized on the dot matrix. The binding rate between these immobilized target molecules and the detection antibody will decrease, thus affecting the overall detection efficiency. In short, this application provides a highly efficient multiplex microfluidic chip for detection.

[0012] In one embodiment, the microfluidic chip further includes a sample loading and filtering chamber, a sample quantification chamber, and a mixing chamber. The sample loading and filtering chamber is connected to the sample quantification chamber via a third microchannel. The sample loading and filtering chamber is used to filter the sample and deliver the sample to the sample quantification chamber. The sample quantification chamber is connected to the mixing chamber via a fourth microchannel. The sample quantification chamber is used to quantify the sample and deliver the quantified sample to the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is connected to the test solution quantification chamber via a fifth microchannel. The mixing chamber is used to mix the sample and diluent evenly to form the test solution and deliver the test solution to the test solution quantification chamber. The sample loading and filtering chamber can use a filter screen or other filter device to remove impurities from the sample. The sample quantification chamber is a special chamber that can be used to accurately control and measure the sample volume. It can at least perform the following functions: First, accurate sample quantification: The sample quantification chamber can determine the precise volume of the sample it can contain by designing and controlling its geometric dimensions. This is crucial for experiments and analyses requiring precise sample volumes, such as PCR reactions, protein analysis, and cell counting in molecular biology. The sample quantification chamber ensures that the same volume of sample is used in each experiment or analysis, improving the reliability and reproducibility of experimental results. Secondly, it reduces sample waste: the sample quantification chamber in a microfluidic chip helps reduce sample waste. Traditional experiments often require large amounts of reagents and samples, while the sample quantification chamber in a microfluidic chip can precisely control the sample volume, avoiding excessive use of reagents and samples, saving costs and reducing waste. Thirdly, it enables precise mixing and reactions: the sample quantification chamber can be combined with other chambers or channels to achieve precise sample mixing and reactions. By controlling the sample volume and flow rate, the proportions of different reagents and reaction times can be precisely controlled, thus achieving precise mixing and reactions, for example, in chemical analysis, drug screening, and biological reactions.

[0013] In one embodiment, the microfluidic chip further includes a diluent supply chamber, which is connected to the mixing chamber via a sixth microchannel and is used to deliver diluent into the mixing chamber.

[0014] In one embodiment, the microfluidic chip further includes a sample overflow cavity, which is connected to the sample quantification cavity via a first overflow channel and is used to collect excess sample from the sample quantification cavity. When there is too much sample, there is a risk of sample overflowing onto the chip surface, thus affecting the entire detection process and results. To avoid this, a sample overflow cavity is added, allowing excess sample to flow out through the first overflow channel into the sample overflow cavity, thereby preventing the sample from overflowing onto the chip surface due to excessive sample in the sample quantification cavity.

[0015] In one embodiment, the microfluidic chip further includes a cup overflow chamber, which is connected to the metering chamber for the test liquid via a second overflow channel and is used to collect excess test liquid from the metering chamber. When there is too much test liquid, there is a risk of it overflowing onto the chip surface, thus affecting the entire detection process and results. To avoid this, a cup overflow chamber is added. When there is too much test liquid, it can flow out through the first overflow channel into the cup overflow chamber, thereby preventing the liquid in the metering chamber from overflowing onto the chip surface.

[0016] In one embodiment, the microfluidic chip is provided with multiple pressure interfaces and multiple control channels, each corresponding to one of the pressure interfaces. The first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber, the sample addition and filtration chamber, the sample overflow chamber, the mixing chamber, the quantitative analysis of the test liquid, and the overflow chamber of the dispensing cup are each connected to a pressure interface through a control channel. That is, the liquid flow between the various chambers can be achieved by air pressure drive, and the entire testing process can be realized through air pressure control.

[0017] In one embodiment, the dot matrix comprises multiple dots, each dot having at least one attachment protrusion, and each attachment protrusion having a functional group attached to its surface. The attachment protrusion increases the surface area available for functional group attachment on the dot matrix, providing more attachment sites. More functional groups can then more effectively capture target molecules through more immobilized antibodies. The attachment protrusion structure also reduces dead zones in the fluid, ensuring that all molecules in the sample have the opportunity to contact the immobilized antibodies on the attached functional groups. Furthermore, the attachment protrusion structure guides fluid flow, resulting in a more uniform distribution of the sample on the surface and enhanced contact with the immobilized antibodies on the functional groups. Therefore, the attachment protrusion significantly improves the capture efficiency and success rate of target molecules, thereby increasing detection sensitivity.

[0018] In one embodiment, the shape of the attachment protrusion is any one of cylindrical, cubic, or conical.

[0019] In one embodiment, the number of the attachment protrusions is multiple.

[0020] In one embodiment, the dots are square.

[0021] In one embodiment, multiple dots are arranged in a rectangular array.

[0022] In one embodiment, the number of dots is 2-2000.

[0023] In one embodiment, the detection signal includes at least one of fluorescence signal, emission signal, and absorption signal.

[0024] In one embodiment, the detection antibody can be of various types.

[0025] In one embodiment, the functional group includes at least one selected from amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, aldehyde, ether bond, biotin, and streptavidin.

[0026] In one embodiment, the dot matrix area is divided into a detection area, a quality control area, and a calibration area. The detection area contains at least one dot, the quality control area contains at least one dot, and the calibration area contains at least one dot. The calibration area can be used for calibration testing to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the test results. The quality control area can be used to verify the experimental process and results. The quality control area may contain known control substances or standard substances to verify whether the experimental process is proceeding normally. For example, the quality control area may contain known concentrations of antigens or nucleic acid sequences to ensure the sensitivity and specificity of the detection system.

[0027] This application also provides a detection system, which includes the microfluidic chip described in any of the above embodiments.

[0028] The above-described detection system, because it includes the microfluidic chip described in any of the above embodiments, also includes at least the following beneficial effects: the quantitative chamber for the test liquid in the microfluidic chip can quantify the test liquid containing the sample; during detection, the quantitative chamber for the test liquid can input a quantitative amount of the test liquid into the first reaction chamber through the first microchannel, the lyophilized reagent in the first reaction chamber mixes with the test liquid, and the detection antibody in the lyophilized reagent rapidly binds to the target molecule in the test liquid; then the mixture of the lyophilized reagent and the test liquid is input into the second reaction chamber through the second microchannel, and the lattice in the reaction chamber is modified with functional groups. Functional groups, which can connect to the immobilizing antibody used to immobilize target molecules, have the ability to specifically recognize and capture different target molecules. After the target molecule specifically binds to the functional groups modified on the matrix, it is equivalent to being immobilized on the matrix. Since the target molecule has already bound to the detection antibody in the first reaction chamber, it is immobilized in various regions of the matrix in the second reaction chamber. Multiple detection signals generated by multiple target molecules can then be detected simultaneously using various methods such as optical detection, electrochemical detection, and mass spectrometry. This allows for the detection of multiple targets at the same time, enabling the detection of multiple results from a single sample. Compared to traditional single-detection methods, this technology can detect multiple targets simultaneously, greatly improving detection efficiency. Furthermore, it saves valuable sample resources and reduces trauma to the subject by requiring only a small amount of sample. It should be noted that if the first reaction chamber is omitted and the test solution and lyophilized reagent are directly introduced into the second reaction chamber with the matrix, some of the target molecules in the test solution will be captured and immobilized on the matrix first. The binding rate of the immobilized target molecules to the detection antibody will decrease, thus affecting the overall detection efficiency. In short, this application provides a multi-detection microfluidic chip with extremely high detection efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a microfluidic chip provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of the structure of a microfluidic chip provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a dot matrix structure provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an attachment protrusion provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the attachment protrusion provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of the attachment protrusion provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 10. Microfluidic chip; 100. First reaction chamber; 200. Second reaction chamber; 300. Quantitative chamber for test liquid; 410. First microchannel; 420. Second microchannel; 430. Third microchannel; 440. Fourth microchannel; 450. Fifth microchannel; 460. Sixth microchannel; 500. Dot matrix; 510. Dot patch; 520. Adhesion protrusion; 531. Detection area; 532. Quality control area; 533. Calibration area; 610. Sample overflow chamber; 611. First overflow channel; 620. Overflow chamber for aliquot cups; 622. Second overflow channel; 630. Sample addition and filtration chamber; 640. Sample quantitative chamber; 650. Mixing chamber; 660. Diluent supply chamber; 700. Gas pressure interface; 800. Control channel. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, this application provides a microfluidic chip 10, which includes a test liquid quantitative chamber 300, a first reaction chamber 100, and a second reaction chamber 200. The test liquid quantitative chamber 300 is used to quantify the test liquid. The first reaction chamber 100 is connected to the test liquid quantitative chamber 300 through a first microfluidic channel 410. The first reaction chamber 100 contains a lyophilized reagent containing a detection antibody, which is used to bind to the target molecule in the test liquid and generate a detection signal. The second reaction chamber 200 is connected to the first reaction chamber 100 through a second microfluidic channel 420. The bottom of the second reaction chamber 200 is provided with a dot matrix 500, functional groups disposed on the dot matrix 500, and immobilizing antibodies connected to the functional groups for immobilizing the target molecules in the test liquid. It should be noted that the microfluidic chip 10 of this application is used in fields including but not limited to immunoassay, molecular detection, and gene sequencing. The detection signal includes, but is not limited to, fluorescence, luminescence, and absorption signals. The microfluidic chip 10 can be pressure-controlled via the pressure interface 700 to achieve the entire testing process. Figure 1 The microfluidic chip 10 is not shown in a specific outline; that is, the shape and form of the microfluidic chip 10 can be various, such as... Figure 2 The square shown can also be a rectangle, a sector, etc., and is not specifically limited here. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings in this application are only for illustrative purposes to explain the technical solution, and do not indicate or imply that many details of the microfluidic chip 10 can only be shown in the drawings.

[0040] Before describing the technical effects achievable by the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that traditional microfluidic chips 10 can only perform single-item detection in a single well and cannot detect multiple items in a single reaction chamber. If multiple items are to be detected, multiple samples need to be added and different detection reagents need to be used to detect multiple indicators, which is cumbersome, has low detection efficiency, requires a large sample volume, and has high detection costs.

[0041] The microfluidic chip 10 described above can achieve at least the following beneficial effects: the quantitative chamber 300 of the microfluidic chip 10 can quantify the test liquid containing the target molecule, and the sample types of the test liquid include, but are not limited to, whole blood, serum, plasma, urine, etc. During detection, a quantitative amount of the test solution is introduced into the first reaction chamber 100 through the first microfluidic channel 410 from the quantitative chamber 300. The lyophilized reagent in the first reaction chamber 100 mixes with the test solution, and the detection antibody in the lyophilized reagent rapidly binds to the target molecules in the test solution. Then, the mixture of the lyophilized reagent and the test solution is introduced into the second reaction chamber 200 through the second microfluidic channel 420. The lattice 500 in the reaction chamber is modified with functional groups, which can be linked to the immobilizing antibody used to immobilize the target molecules. It has the ability to specifically recognize and capture different target molecules. After the target molecules specifically bind to the functional groups modified on the lattice 500, it is equivalent to immobilizing them onto the lattice 500. Since the target molecules have already bound to the detection antibody in the first reaction chamber 100, they are immobilized in various regions of the lattice 500 in the second reaction chamber 200. The detection signals generated by multiple target molecules can be detected simultaneously by multiple methods such as optical detection, electrochemical detection, and mass spectrometry. That is, multiple targets can be detected at the same time, and multiple results can be obtained from a single sample. Compared to traditional single-detection methods, this technology can simultaneously detect multiple targets, significantly improving detection efficiency. Simultaneously, it conserves valuable sample resources and reduces trauma to subjects by requiring only a small amount of sample. It should be noted that if the first reaction chamber 100 is omitted, and the test solution and lyophilized reagent are directly introduced into the second reaction chamber 200 with a dot matrix 500, some of the target molecules in the test solution will be pre-captured and immobilized onto the dot matrix 500. The binding rate between the target molecules immobilized on the dot matrix 500 and the detection antibody will decrease, thus affecting the overall detection efficiency. In short, this application provides a highly efficient multiplex microfluidic chip 10.

[0042] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the microfluidic chip 10 further includes a sample loading and filtering chamber 630, a sample quantification chamber 640, and a mixing chamber 650. The sample loading and filtering chamber 630 is connected to the sample quantification chamber 640 via a third microfluidic channel 430. The sample loading and filtering chamber 630 is used to filter the sample and deliver the sample to the sample quantification chamber 640. The sample quantification chamber 640 is connected to the mixing chamber 650 via a fourth microfluidic channel 440. The sample quantification chamber 640 is used to quantify the sample and deliver the quantified sample to the mixing chamber 650. The mixing chamber 650 is connected to the test solution quantification chamber 300 via a fifth microfluidic channel 450. The mixing chamber 650 is used to mix the sample and diluent evenly to form the test solution and deliver the test solution to the test solution quantification chamber 300. The sample loading and filtering chamber 630 may contain a filter screen or other filter device to remove impurities from the sample. The sample quantification chamber 640 is a special chamber used for precise control and measurement of sample volume, serving at least the following functions: First, precise sample quantification: The sample quantification chamber 640 can determine the precise volume of sample it can hold by designing and controlling its geometry. This is crucial for experiments and analyses requiring precise sample volumes, such as PCR reactions, protein analysis, and cell counting in molecular biology. The sample quantification chamber 640 ensures that the same volume of sample is used in each experiment or analysis, improving the reliability and reproducibility of experimental results. Second, reduced sample waste: The sample quantification chamber 640 in the microfluidic chip 10 helps reduce sample waste. Traditional experiments often require large amounts of reagents and samples, while the sample quantification chamber 640 in the microfluidic chip 10 can precisely control the sample volume, avoiding excessive use of reagents and samples, saving costs and reducing waste. Third, precise mixing and reaction: The sample quantification chamber 640 can be used in conjunction with other chambers or channels to achieve sample mixing and reaction. By controlling the sample volume and flow rate, the proportions of different reagents and reaction times can be precisely controlled, thereby achieving precise mixing and reaction, for example, in chemical analysis, drug screening, and biological reactions.

[0043] More specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the microfluidic chip 10 further includes a diluent supply chamber 660, which is connected to the mixing chamber 650 via a sixth microchannel 460 and is used to deliver diluent into the mixing chamber 650.

[0044] More specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the microfluidic chip 10 further includes a sample overflow cavity 610. The sample overflow cavity 610 is connected to the sample quantification cavity 640 through a first overflow channel 611 and is used to collect excess sample in the sample quantification cavity 640. When there is too much sample, there is a risk of the sample overflowing onto the chip surface, which may affect the entire detection process and results. To avoid this situation, the sample overflow cavity 610 is added here. When there is too much sample, it can flow out into the sample overflow cavity 610 through the first overflow channel 611, thereby preventing the sample from overflowing onto the chip surface due to excessive sample in the sample quantification cavity 640.

[0045] More specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the microfluidic chip 10 further includes a cup overflow chamber 620. The cup overflow chamber 620 is connected to the test liquid metering chamber 300 through a second overflow channel 622 and is used to collect excess test liquid in the test liquid metering chamber 300. When there is too much test liquid, there is a risk that the test liquid will overflow onto the chip surface, thereby affecting the entire detection process and results. To avoid this situation, the cup overflow chamber 620 is added here. When there is too much test liquid, it can flow out into the cup overflow chamber 620 through the first overflow channel 611, thereby preventing the liquid in the test liquid metering chamber 300 from overflowing onto the chip surface.

[0046] More specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the microfluidic chip 10 is provided with multiple pressure interfaces 700 and multiple control channels 800. Each control channel 800 corresponds to one of the pressure interfaces 700. The first reaction chamber 100, the second reaction chamber 200, the sample addition and filtration chamber 630, the sample overflow chamber 610, the mixing chamber 650, the quantitative test liquid chamber, and the overflow chamber 620 are each connected to a pressure interface 700 through a control channel 800. That is, the liquid flow between the chambers can be achieved by pressure-driven operation, and the entire testing process is realized through pressure control.

[0047] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6In some embodiments, the dot matrix 500 includes a plurality of dots 510, each dot 510 having at least one attachment protrusion 520, and each attachment protrusion 520 having functional groups attached to its surface. The attachment protrusions 520 increase the surface area on the dot matrix 500 available for functional group attachment, providing more attachment points for the functional groups. More functional groups can then more effectively capture target molecules through more immobilized antibodies. The attachment protrusion structure 520 also reduces dead zones in the fluid, ensuring that all molecules in the sample have the opportunity to contact the immobilized antibodies on the attached functional groups. Furthermore, the attachment protrusion structure 520 guides fluid flow, making the sample more evenly distributed on the surface and enhancing contact with the immobilized antibodies on the functional groups. Therefore, the setting of the attachment protrusions 520 significantly improves the capture efficiency and success rate of target molecules, thereby improving detection sensitivity.

[0048] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the shape of the attachment protrusion 520 is any one of cylindrical, cubic, or conical.

[0049] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the number of the attachment protrusions 520 is multiple.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the dot block 510 is square.

[0051] Furthermore, in some embodiments, multiple dots 510 are arranged in a rectangular array.

[0052] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the number of the dot matrix 500 is 2-2000.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the detection signal includes at least one of fluorescence signal, emission signal, and absorption signal.

[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the detection antibody can be of various types.

[0055] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the functional group includes at least one selected from amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, aldehyde, ether bond, biotin, and streptavidin.

[0056] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the dot matrix 500 is divided into a detection area 531, a quality control area 532, and a calibration area 533. The detection area 531 contains at least one dot block 510, the quality control area 532 contains at least one dot block 510, and the calibration area 533 contains at least one dot block 510. The calibration area 533 can be used for calibration testing to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the test results. The quality control area 532 can be used to verify the experimental process and results. The quality control area 532 may contain known control substances or standard substances to verify whether the experimental process is proceeding normally. For example, the quality control area 532 may contain known concentrations of antigen or nucleic acid sequences to ensure the sensitivity and specificity of the detection system.

[0057] In addition, this application also provides a detection system, which includes the microfluidic chip 10 described in any of the above embodiments.

[0058] The detection system described above includes the microfluidic chip 10 described in any of the above embodiments, and therefore the detection system also has at least the following beneficial effects: the quantitative chamber 300 of the microfluidic chip 10 can quantify the test liquid containing the sample, and the sample types include, but are not limited to, whole blood, serum, plasma, urine, etc. During detection, a quantitative amount of the test solution is introduced into the first reaction chamber 100 through the first microfluidic channel 410 from the quantitative chamber 300. The lyophilized reagent in the first reaction chamber 100 mixes with the test solution, and the detection antibody in the lyophilized reagent rapidly binds to the target molecules in the test solution. Then, the mixture of the lyophilized reagent and the test solution is introduced into the second reaction chamber 200 through the second microfluidic channel 420. The lattice 500 in the reaction chamber is modified with functional groups, which can be linked to the immobilizing antibody used to immobilize the target molecules. It has the ability to specifically recognize and capture different target molecules. After the target molecules specifically bind to the functional groups modified on the lattice 500, it is equivalent to immobilizing them onto the lattice 500. Since the target molecules have already bound to the detection antibody in the first reaction chamber 100, they are immobilized in various regions of the lattice 500 in the second reaction chamber 200. The detection signals generated by multiple target molecules can be detected simultaneously by multiple methods such as optical detection, electrochemical detection, and mass spectrometry. That is, multiple targets can be detected at the same time, and multiple results can be obtained from a single sample. Compared to traditional single-detection methods, this technology can simultaneously detect multiple targets, significantly improving detection efficiency. Simultaneously, it conserves valuable sample resources and reduces trauma to subjects by requiring only a small amount of sample. It should be noted that if the first reaction chamber 100 is omitted, and the test solution and lyophilized reagent are directly introduced into the second reaction chamber 200 with a dot matrix 500, some of the target molecules in the test solution will be pre-captured and immobilized onto the dot matrix 500. The binding rate between the target molecules immobilized on the dot matrix 500 and the detection antibody will decrease, thus affecting the overall detection efficiency. In short, this application provides a highly efficient multiplex microfluidic chip 10.

[0059] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0060] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

[0061] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0062] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0063] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0064] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0065] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0066] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "another implementation," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application.

Claims

1. A microfluidic chip, characterized in that, include: A quantitative chamber for the test liquid, wherein the quantitative chamber for the test liquid is used to quantify the test liquid; A first reaction chamber is connected to the quantitative chamber of the test solution via a first microchannel. The first reaction chamber contains a lyophilized reagent containing a detection antibody. The detection antibody is used to bind to the target molecule in the test solution and generate a detection signal. The second reaction chamber is connected to the first reaction chamber through a second microchannel. The bottom of the second reaction chamber is provided with a dot matrix, functional groups disposed on the dot matrix, and fixed antibodies connected to the functional groups for immobilizing the target molecules in the test solution.

2. The microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microfluidic chip further includes a sample addition and filtration chamber, a sample quantification chamber, and a mixing chamber. The sample addition and filtration chamber is connected to the sample quantification chamber via a third microchannel. The sample addition and filtration chamber is used to filter the sample and deliver the sample to the sample quantification chamber. The sample quantification chamber is connected to the mixing chamber via a fourth microchannel. The sample quantification chamber is used to quantify the sample and deliver the quantified sample to the mixing chamber. The mixing chamber is connected to the test solution quantification chamber via a fifth microchannel. The mixing chamber is used to mix the sample and diluent evenly to form the test solution and deliver the test solution to the test solution quantification chamber.

3. The microfluidic chip according to claim 2, characterized in that, The microfluidic chip also includes a diluent supply chamber, which is connected to the mixing chamber via a sixth microchannel and is used to deliver diluent into the mixing chamber. And / or, the microfluidic chip further includes a sample overflow cavity, which is connected to the sample quantification cavity through a first overflow channel and is used to collect excess sample in the sample quantification cavity; And / or, the microfluidic chip further includes a cup overflow chamber, which is connected to the metering chamber of the test liquid through a second overflow channel and is used to collect excess test liquid in the metering chamber of the test liquid.

4. The microfluidic chip according to claim 3, characterized in that, The microfluidic chip is provided with multiple pressure interfaces and multiple control channels. Each control channel corresponds to one of the pressure interfaces. The first reaction chamber, the second reaction chamber, the sample addition and filtration chamber, the sample overflow chamber, the mixing chamber, the quantitative chamber for the test liquid, and the overflow chamber of the dispensing cup are each connected to a pressure interface through a control channel.

5. The microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The dot matrix includes multiple dots, each dot having at least one attachment protrusion, and each attachment protrusion having the functional group attached to its surface.

6. The microfluidic chip according to claim 5, characterized in that, The shape of the attachment protrusion can be any one of cylindrical, cubic, or conical.

7. The microfluidic chip according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the attachment protrusions is multiple.

8. The microfluidic chip according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dots are square in shape; And / or, multiple dots arranged in a rectangular matrix; And / or, the number of dots is 2-2000.

9. The microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The detection signal includes at least one of fluorescence signal, light emission signal, and light absorption signal; And / or, the types of detection antibodies are multiple; And / or, the functional group includes at least one of amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl, carbonyl, aldehyde, ether bond, biotin, and streptavidin.

10. A detection system, characterized in that, The microfluidic chip included in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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