A small crab pool blue-green algae control device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a small crab pond blue-green algae cleaning device and method, wherein the small crab pond blue-green algae cleaning device comprises a circular groove, a water pump is installed in the circular groove, a water pipe is connected to the output end of the water pump, and a handle is fixedly connected to one side of the circular groove through a clamping belt. The application adopts a self-made simple blue-green algae cleaning device, and stipulates key technical parameters such as crab pond conditions, pond cleaning methods, ecological creation and disposal methods, so that the blue-green algae cleaning efficiency of the small crab pond is improved, the cost is reduced, and ecological crab culture is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blue-green algae treatment technology in crab ponds, specifically to a small-scale blue-green algae control device and method for crab ponds. Background Technology

[0002] Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, is a general term for large, single-celled prokaryotes belonging to the phylum Cyanobacteria. There are over 900 species in my country. Due to their rapid reproduction, they inhibit the growth of other beneficial algae and easily become dominant species, disrupting the ecological balance of aquatic bodies. After mass proliferation, they float on the water surface, blocking light and producing algal toxins, causing changes in water quality and posing a significant threat to some aquatic animals. In the Yangtze-Huaihe River region, from late May to mid-August, high temperatures and continuous plum rains make cyanobacteria blooms extremely likely, especially in small crab ponds.

[0003] Small crab ponds are ideal sites for conducting experiments on crab breeding, juvenile crab rearing, and aquaculture. However, due to their small water volume and poor self-purification capacity, small crab ponds pose a higher risk of cyanobacteria blooms. While there are physical, chemical, and biological methods for treating cyanobacteria in ponds, crabs are highly sensitive to algal toxins, and improper treatment can easily lead to poisoning. Therefore, chemical methods cannot be used for control; only physical and biological methods can be employed.

[0004] Currently, there are no reports on cyanobacteria control methods for small crab ponds that integrate technologies such as cyanobacteria removal and treatment, physical fusion, biological inhibition, and ecological control. This invention provides a cyanobacteria control device and method applicable to small crab ponds that integrates cyanobacteria removal and treatment, physical fusion, biological inhibition, and ecological control. It can significantly improve cyanobacteria control efficiency and reduce the incidence of cyanobacteria after treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a small-scale blue-green algae control device and method for crab ponds, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for controlling cyanobacteria in small-scale crab ponds, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Crab pond conditions: The pond runs north-south, is 35-60m long from north to south, and 20-35m wide from east to west; the slope is protected with polyethylene netting and polyethylene plastic sheeting with a mesh size of 2.5mm, and the silt depth is less than 10cm.

[0008] S2. Pond cleaning method: In February, dry the pond for 15 days, remove 5cm of silt, add 10cm of water, and use 40% effective potassium persulfate per mu to improve the bottom; 7 days after improving the bottom, use 100kg of bleaching powder with 28% effective chlorine per mu for disinfection; 7 days after disinfection, drain the residual water and add 10cm of fresh water.

[0009] S3. Ecological Creation: Plant Elodea nuttallii at a distance of 6m from the north and south slopes with a row spacing of 4m and a plant spacing of 5m; plant dwarf Vallisneria natans at a row spacing of 10cm and a plant spacing of 10cm in the remaining area; plant Panax quinquefolius at the downwind end, enclosing it with a frame 80cm long and 60cm wide. Once the Panax quinquefolius has filled the frame, remove 1 / 5 of it, so that the Panax quinquefolius covers 4 / 5 of the frame; apply a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens at 1.5L / mu once a month on sunny days; crab stocking density: 1000-1400 healthy juvenile crabs (50-70 crabs / jin) / mu; feed amount is 3-5% of the crab's body weight, fed once a day in the evening;

[0010] S4. Treatment method: After the cyanobacteria appear, before the cyanobacteria become old, use a small crab pond cyanobacteria control device to remove most of the cyanobacteria from the pond outlet at the leeward cyanobacteria accumulation point, add 10cm of fresh water, and spray the whole pond with a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis and sodium humate; set up two impeller-type waterwheels at opposite corners of the pond and turn them on for 2.5 to 5 hours a day when there is no wind.

[0011] Preferably, the mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens described in S3 has a volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis:Pseudomonas fluorescens = 1:1, and the number of viable bacteria in the mixture is ≥10. 4 100 million / L.

[0012] Preferably, the number of leaves of the water hyacinth in S3 is 3 to 5, light green, with an intact root system, free from insects and withered yellowing.

[0013] Preferably, the frame described in S3 is made of a PVC round tube with a diameter of 20mm.

[0014] Preferably, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, and sodium humate in S4 is 1:1:3, and the viable count of Bacillus subtilis is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Enterococcus faecalis ≥1×10 7 CFU / g.

[0015] Preferably, the impeller-type waterwheel in S4 has a power of 2.2 kW.

[0016] A small-scale blue-green algae control device for crab ponds includes a circular trough, in which a water pump is installed, and the output end of the water pump is connected to a water pipe. A handle is fixedly connected to one side of the circular trough by a clamp.

[0017] Preferably, the handle is cylindrical, with a diameter of 5-7cm and a length of 3-5m, and is made of bamboo or PVC; the circular groove has a diameter of 30-50cm and is made of PE or polyethylene; the cassette is made of bent 4mm diameter iron wire; the water pump is a 100W submersible pump with a length of 15-30cm and a width of 15-30cm; and the water pipe has a diameter of 25-50mm and is made of PVC.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. This invention uses a self-made simple blue-green algae removal device and specifies key technical parameters such as crab pond conditions, pond cleaning methods, ecological creation, and treatment methods to improve the efficiency of blue-green algae control in small crab ponds, reduce costs, and realize ecological crab farming.

[0020] 2. Compared with other methods, the cleaning device in this invention has improvements in terms of material, mobility, cost, structure, and scope of application. Its advantages are:

[0021] First, the materials are widely available, inexpensive, simple to manufacture, easy to operate, and portable;

[0022] Secondly, by comprehensively using water hyacinth, dwarf eelgrass, Elodea nuttallii, and beneficial bacteria to create a micro-ecology, water treatment costs can be reduced.

[0023] Third, use biological agents to reduce the amount of chemical drugs used, thereby reducing drug residues and the risk of damage to crabs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the temporary holding device in this invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1—handle; 2—circular groove; 3—water pump; 4—cassette; 5—water pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The method for controlling blue-green algae in small crab ponds in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. Crab Pond Conditions: In November, the pond will be renovated. The pond will be oriented north-south, 35m long from north to south, and 20m wide from east to west, with an area of ​​1 mu per pond. The slope will be protected with polyethylene netting with a mesh size of 2.5mm and polyethylene plastic sheeting, and the silt depth will be less than 10cm.

[0030] S2. Pond cleaning method: In February, after the pond has been sun-dried for 15 days, remove 5cm of silt, add 10cm of water, and use 40% effective potassium persulfate per mu to improve the bottom; 7 days after improving the bottom, use 100kg of bleaching powder with 28% effective chlorine per mu for disinfection; 7 days after disinfection, drain the residual water and add 10cm of fresh water.

[0031] S3. Ecological Creation: Plant Elodea nuttallii at a distance of 6m from the north and south slopes with a row spacing of 4m and a plant spacing of 5m; plant dwarf Vallisneria natans at a row spacing of 10cm and a plant spacing of 10cm in the remaining area; plant Panax quinquefolius at the downwind end, enclosing it with a frame 80cm long and 60cm wide. Once the Panax quinquefolius has filled the frame, remove 1 / 5 of it, so that the Panax quinquefolius covers 4 / 5 of the frame; apply a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens at 1.5L / mu once a month on sunny days. Crab Stocking: 1000-1400 healthy juvenile crabs (50-70 crabs / jin) / mu; feed amount is 3-5% of the crab's body weight, fed once a day in the evening;

[0032] S4. Treatment method: After the cyanobacteria appear, before the cyanobacteria become old, use a small crab pond cyanobacteria control device to remove most of the cyanobacteria from the pond outlet at the leeward cyanobacteria accumulation point, add 10cm of fresh water, and spray the whole pond with a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis and sodium humate; set up two impeller-type waterwheels at opposite corners of the pond and turn them on for 2.5 to 5 hours a day when there is no wind.

[0033] In this invention, the mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens in S3 has a volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis:Pseudomonas fluorescens = 1:1, and the number of viable bacteria in the mixture is ≥10. 4 100 million / L.

[0034] In this invention, the leaves of the *Ipomoea aquatica* in S3 are 3 to 5, light green, with intact roots, free of insects, and without yellowing.

[0035] In this invention, the S3 middle frame is made of a 20mm diameter PVC round tube.

[0036] In this invention, the mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, and sodium humate in S4 is 1:1:3, and the viable count of Bacillus subtilis is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Enterococcus faecalis ≥1×10 7 CFU / g.

[0037] In this invention, the impeller-type waterwheel in S4 has a power of 2.2kw.

[0038] A small-scale blue-green algae control device for crab ponds includes a circular trough 2, a water pump 4 installed inside the circular trough 2, and a water pipe 5 connected to the output end of the water pump 4. A handle 1 is fixedly connected to one side of the circular trough 2 by a clamp 3.

[0039] In this invention, the handle 1 is cylindrical, with a diameter of 5-7cm and a length of 3-5m, and is made of bamboo or PVC; the circular groove 2 has a diameter of 30-50cm and is made of PE or polyethylene; the cassette 3 is made of bent 4mm diameter iron wire; the water pump 4 is a 100W submersible pump with a length of 15-30cm and a width of 15-30cm; and the water pipe 5 has a diameter of 25-50mm and is made of PVC.

[0040] Experiment 1: The impact of different treatment methods on the incidence and cost of cyanobacteria in crab ponds;

[0041] Experimental group: Five replicates were established according to the method described in Example 1.

[0042] Control group: 1 mu (approximately 0.16 acres) of pond area, following the method reported by Yun Taihong (2021, Scientific Fish Farming, Control and Treatment of Blue-green Algae in Crab Ponds); specific points included: stocking 50 silver carp (20-30 fish / kg) and 350 kg of snails per mu; planting Elodea nuttallii and Hydrilla verticillata to cover more than 70% of the water surface; applying high-quality biological bacteria every 7-10 days to decompose organic matter; supplementing the pond with beneficial algae such as Chlorella vulgaris and Lysimachia foenum-graecum every 7-10 days from June to September to form a dominant population in the water and control the occurrence of blue-green algae; regularly sprinkling carbon sources such as glucose into the water; killing algae after the appearance of blue-green algae and running aerators for more than 5 days.

[0043] Table 1. Impact of different treatment methods on the incidence and cost of cyanobacteria in crab ponds.

[0044]

[0045] The cost of materials used in the experimental group included: dwarf Vallisneria natans, Piper asiatica, Elodea nuttallii, treatment equipment, aerator, two mixtures, aquatic plant frame, bleaching powder, potassium persulfate, etc.

[0046] The cost of materials for the control group treatment included: silver carp, snails, Elodea nuttallii, Hydrilla verticillata, beneficial bacteria, beneficial algae, glucose, algaecide, and aerator.

[0047] Through experiments, compared with the method reported by Yun Taihong (2021, Scientific Fish Farming, Control and Treatment of Blue-green Algae in Crab Ponds), the occurrence rate of blue-green algae in this invention is significantly reduced; labor costs are reduced by 1200 yuan / mu; and treatment material costs are reduced by 730 yuan / mu.

[0048] The contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for controlling cyanobacteria in small-scale crab ponds, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: S1. Crab pond conditions: The pond runs north-south, is 35-60m long from north to south, and 20-35m wide from east to west; the slope is protected with polyethylene netting and polyethylene plastic sheeting with a mesh size of 2.5mm, and the silt depth is less than 10cm. S2. Pond cleaning method: In February, dry the pond for 15 days, remove 5cm of silt, add 10cm of water, and use 40% effective potassium persulfate per mu to improve the bottom; 7 days after improving the bottom, use 100kg of bleaching powder with 28% effective chlorine per mu for disinfection; 7 days after disinfection, drain the residual water and add 10cm of fresh water. S3. Ecological Creation: Plant Elodea nuttallii at a distance of 6m from the north and south slopes with a row spacing of 4m and a plant spacing of 5m; plant dwarf Vallisneria natans at a row spacing of 10cm and a plant spacing of 10cm in the remaining area; plant Panax quinquefolius at the downwind end, enclosing it with a frame 80cm long and 60cm wide. Once the Panax quinquefolius has filled the frame, remove 1 / 5 of it, so that the Panax quinquefolius covers 4 / 5 of the frame; apply a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens at 1.5L / mu once a month on sunny days; crab stocking density: 1000-1400 healthy juvenile crabs (50-70 crabs / jin) / mu; feed amount is 3-5% of the crab's body weight, fed once a day in the evening; The mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens has a volume ratio of Bacillus subtilis:Pseudomonas fluorescens = 1:1, and the number of viable bacteria in the mixture is ≥10. 4 100 million / L; S4. Treatment method: After the cyanobacteria appear, before the cyanobacteria become old, use a small crab pond cyanobacteria control device to remove most of the cyanobacteria from the pond outlet at the downwind cyanobacteria accumulation point, add 10cm of fresh water, and spray the whole pond with a mixture of Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis and sodium humate; set up two impeller-type waterwheels at opposite corners of the pond and turn them on for 2.5 to 5 hours a day when there is no wind. The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, and sodium humate is 1:1:3, and the viable count of Bacillus subtilis is ≥1×10⁻⁶. 8 CFU / g, Enterococcus faecalis ≥1×10 7 CFU / g; The device includes a circular groove (2), in which a water pump (4) is installed, and the output end of the water pump (4) is connected to a water pipe (5). A handle (1) is fixedly connected to one side of the circular groove (2) by a clip (3). The handle (1) is cylindrical, with a diameter of 5-7cm and a length of 3-5m, and is made of bamboo or PVC. The diameter of the circular groove (2) is 30-50cm, and it is made of PE or polyethylene. The clip (3) is made of bent iron wire with a diameter of 4mm. The water pump (4) is a 100w submersible pump with a length of 15-30cm and a width of 15-30cm. The diameter of the water pipe (5) is 25-50mm, and it is made of PVC.

2. The method for controlling cyanobacteria in a small crab pond according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leaf count of the *Ipomoea aquatica* described in S3 is 3-5, light green, with an intact root system, free from insects and yellowing.

3. The method for controlling blue-green algae in a small crab pond according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame described in S3 is made of PVC round tubing with a diameter of 20mm.

4. The method for controlling blue-green algae in a small crab pond according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller-type waterwheel described in S4 has a power of 2.2kw.

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