A low-heat-generating rubber composition and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention provides a low-heat-generating rubber composition and its preparation method. The low-heat-generating rubber composition includes rubber, carbon black, ionic liquid, modified silane coupling agent, antioxidant, activator, accelerator, and vulcanizing agent. The ionic liquid and novel modified silane coupling agent are used, and the rubber composition is prepared by dry and wet methods. This results in vulcanized rubber with advantages such as low hysteresis loss, low heat generation, high wear resistance, and low rolling resistance. At the same time, the use of ionic liquid can effectively promote the combination of novel organosilane coupling agent and carbon black, thereby improving the dispersion of carbon black in rubber nanocomposite materials and enhancing the interfacial bonding between carbon black and rubber matrix.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rubber composition technology, specifically relating to a low-heat-generating rubber composition and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Rubber raw materials have low strength and modulus, and poor wear resistance. Since the early 20th century, when scientists discovered the reinforcing effect of carbon black, it has become an indispensable raw material in the modern rubber industry. Carbon black can greatly improve the modulus and strength of rubber materials, especially its wear resistance, thereby extending the service life of rubber products.

[0003] However, one of the reinforcing mechanisms of carbon black is the physical adsorption between carbon black and rubber molecular chains. Under stress, the rubber molecular chains slide and orient along the carbon black surface. During the sliding and orientation process, the two dissipate energy through friction, which is converted into heat. Therefore, rubber materials reinforced with carbon black have problems such as large hysteresis loss, high fatigue temperature, and high rolling resistance. At the same time, it also increases the fuel consumption of automobiles. As society pays more and more attention to environmental protection, it also puts forward higher and higher requirements for reducing automobile fuel consumption. This requires the development of carbon black rubber nanocomposites with low heat generation, high wear resistance, and low rolling resistance.

[0004] Silica, as the second largest filler in rubber nanocomposites, is often used in combination with coupling agents. One end of the coupling agent chemically bonds with the silica, while the other end physically entangles or chemically bonds with the rubber molecular chains, acting as a "bridge" to enhance the interfacial bonding between the silica filler and the rubber matrix. This reduces friction between the filler and the rubber molecular chains. Rubber compounds reinforced with silica generate less heat, but their abrasion resistance is not as good as that of rubber filled with carbon black.

[0005] Ionic liquids (ILs) are generally defined as salts composed of cations and anions that melt at or below 100°C and exhibit a liquid state. Based on the different cations, they are mainly divided into four categories: imidazole salts, pyridine salts, quaternary phosphonium salts, and quaternary ammonium salts, with imidazole salts being the most extensively studied. Ionic liquids have low vapor pressure, are not easily volatile, and have good stability. Due to their rich variety of anions and cations, ILs have outstanding designability and can interact with solid fillers such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon black, silica, and clay through cation-π interactions, π-π interactions, electrostatic interactions, ion exchange interactions, and van der Waals forces. They adsorb onto the surface of silica and carbon black, achieving surface modification and thus promoting the dispersion of silica and carbon black in rubber matrices.

[0006] Based on the mechanism of action of coupling agents for silica, researchers have also begun to develop coupling agents for carbon black. These coupling agents enable the carbon black and the rubber matrix to form an interfacial bond, reducing friction between them, thereby reducing heat generation, improving the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix, and reducing rolling resistance and hysteresis.

[0007] Patent CN103703071A discloses a sulfide compound containing aromatic fused heterocyclic rings as a coupling agent for carbon black. The rolling resistance of rubber / carbon black composite materials using this coupling agent is reduced, the fuel consumption performance is improved, and good anti-slip performance is also achieved. However, this patent does not mention the effect of the coupling agent on the wear resistance and heat generation performance of rubber.

[0008] Patent CN103897225A discloses a new process for manufacturing rubber compositions using organosilane coupling agents. This method uses polysulfide silane coupling agents and involves multi-stage mixing of the rubber composition, which improves the interaction between the coupling agent, carbon black, and the rubber matrix. The rubber prepared by this process has improved wear resistance and reduced rolling resistance.

[0009] Weng Peijin et al. found that using ionic liquids can effectively catalyze the silanization reaction of silica and silane coupling agents, increase the grafting rate of silane coupling agents on silica, improve the dispersion of silica in the rubber matrix, and thus improve the mechanical and dynamic properties of composite materials.

[0010] Patent CN110734590A discloses a method for preparing emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber using an ionic liquid and chitosan-modified carbon black, which increases the interaction between carbon black and emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber, resulting in emulsion styrene-butadiene rubber with better mechanical properties and wear resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To reduce hysteresis loss, heat generation, and rolling resistance in carbon black-filled rubber, and to improve the rubber's abrasion resistance, this invention utilizes a novel coupling agent for carbon black, supplemented by an ionic liquid. This coupling agent possesses a different number of long carbon chains and polysulfide bonds. Leveraging the strong adsorption and porous structure of the carbon black surface, the long carbon chains of the coupling agent can be adsorbed onto the carbon black surface or within the mesoporous structure, achieving a strong bond between the carbon black and the coupling agent. Simultaneously, the polysulfide bonds of the coupling agent can participate in the vulcanization of the rubber, increasing the cross-linking of the rubber system and thus enhancing the interfacial bonding between the filler carbon black and the rubber matrix. The ionic liquid can react with the silane coupling agent to form an intermediate product, while simultaneously adsorbing onto the carbon black surface through cation-π interactions, thereby promoting the adsorption and binding between the silane coupling agent and carbon black, and improving the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix. During the mixing process, carbon black, coupling agent, ionic liquid, and rubber matrix are allowed to react fully. The resulting rubber nanocomposite material has the advantages of low hysteresis loss, low heat generation, high wear resistance, and low rolling resistance, and also improves the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix.

[0012] One objective of this invention is to provide a low-heat-generating rubber composition, comprising rubber, carbon black, an ionic liquid, a modified silane coupling agent, an antioxidant, an activator, an accelerator, and a vulcanizing agent, wherein the modified silane coupling agent has the general formula [missing information].

[0013]

[0014] In formula (1), R1 to R6 are independently selected from one of methoxy, ethoxy, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether group or alicyclic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether group; R8 and R9 are independently selected from C2 to C20 straight-chain alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, or olefinic groups; m is an integer from 1 to 6. As a preferred embodiment, R1 to R6 are independently selected from methoxy, ethoxy, and the structural formula is... One of the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether groups or alicyclic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether groups, wherein R 10 The radical is a straight-chain alkyl, branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, or olefinic group of C12 to C18, and n is an integer from 3 to 23. In formula (1), the type and number of radicals R1 to R6 can be selected by changing the ratio of raw materials.

[0015] According to the present invention, in the low-heat-generating rubber composition:

[0016] The ionic liquid is selected from at least one of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide;

[0017] The rubber is selected from at least one of natural rubber, isoprene rubber, cis-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, and chloroprene rubber;

[0018] The carbon black can be a commonly used carbon black product. For example, the carbon black is selected from at least one of furnace black, acetylene black, channel black, and pyrolysis carbon black, with furnace black being preferred.

[0019] The antioxidant can be a commonly used antioxidant in the rubber industry. For example, the antioxidant is selected from at least one of amine antioxidants, ketone amine antioxidants, and aldehyde amine antioxidants.

[0020] The activator is a combination of metal oxide and fatty acid, wherein the metal oxide is zinc oxide and / or magnesium oxide, and the fatty acid is a C12-C20 fatty acid, such as commonly used stearic acid.

[0021] The accelerator can be a commonly used accelerator in the rubber industry. For example, the accelerator is selected from at least one of sulfenamide accelerators, thiazole accelerators, xanthate accelerators, and thiourea accelerators.

[0022] The vulcanizing agent can be a commonly used vulcanizing agent in the rubber industry, for example, the vulcanizing agent is selected from at least one of sulfur and sulfur donor.

[0023] According to the present invention, in the low-heat-generating rubber composition:

[0024] Based on 100 parts by weight of rubber, carbon black is 10 to 100 parts (preferably 50 to 70 parts), antioxidant is 1 to 5 parts, activator is 3 to 8 parts, accelerator is 1 to 5 parts, and vulcanizing agent is 0.5 to 3 parts.

[0025] The modified silane coupling agent is 1-20 wt% of the carbon black content, preferably 2-8 wt%.

[0026] The ionic liquid is 5-30 wt% of the modified silane coupling agent, preferably 10-20 wt%.

[0027] A second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing the aforementioned low-heat-generating rubber composition, comprising: mixing components including the aforementioned rubber, carbon black, ionic liquid, modified silane coupling agent, antioxidant, activator, accelerator, and vulcanizing agent to obtain the aforementioned low-heat-generating rubber composition. As a preferred embodiment, the preparation method includes:

[0028] (1) Mix the rubber, activator and antioxidant;

[0029] (2) Add some carbon black and continue mixing;

[0030] (3) Add the remaining carbon black, modified silane coupling agent and ionic liquid, and continue mixing;

[0031] (4) Add accelerator and vulcanizing agent, and vulcanize to obtain the low heat generation rubber composition.

[0032] According to the present invention, in the method for preparing the low-heat-generating rubber composition:

[0033] The mixing temperature in steps (1) and (2) is 100-125℃;

[0034] The carbon black added in step (2) is 45-55 wt% of the total carbon black;

[0035] The mixing temperature in step (3) is 145-155℃;

[0036] The vulcanization temperature in step (4) is 140-145℃.

[0037] According to the present invention, the modified silane coupling agent is obtained by reacting a silane coupling agent with an alcohol derivative. The general formula of the silane coupling agent is:

[0038]

[0039] In formula (2), R1' to R6' are independently selected from one of methoxy, ethoxy, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether group or alicyclic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether group; R8' and R9' are independently selected from C2 to C20 straight-chain alkyl or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl or aralkyl or olefinic groups; m' is an integer from 1 to 6;

[0040] The alcohol derivatives are selected from at least one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether compounds and alicyclic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether compounds;

[0041] The molar ratio of the silane coupling agent to the alcohol derivative is 1:(1-6); the reaction temperature of the silane coupling agent and the alcohol derivative is 130-140°C; the reaction is carried out under a protective gas atmosphere, which can be nitrogen. The reaction is carried out in the presence of a catalyst, which is selected from titanium-based catalysts, preferably at least one of tetrabutyl titanate, tetraisopropyl titanate, and tetraethyl titanate. The amount of catalyst added is as commonly used in the art.

[0042] The long carbon chains and polysulfide bonds introduced in this invention for the design of novel organosilane coupling agents possess specific chemical functions, enabling them to undergo strong chemical reactions with the carbon black surface. The long carbon chains enhance the contact area between the coupling agent and carbon black through physical adsorption, while the polysulfide bonds participate in the vulcanization process of rubber, promoting cross-linking reactions. This cross-linking reaction not only enhances the mechanical strength of the rubber but also improves its abrasion resistance and dynamic properties. The introduction of ionic liquids primarily utilizes their unique cation-π interactions. This interaction allows the ionic liquid to adsorb onto the carbon black surface particularly effectively. Its cation portion interacts with the π electron cloud on the carbon black surface, and the structural characteristics of the ionic liquid enable it to form a stable adsorption layer on the carbon black surface. This layer acts as a "bridge," strengthening the bond between the coupling agent and the carbon black. Ionic liquids not only provide a way to enhance physical adsorption through chemisorption but also alter the chemical properties of the carbon black surface, making it more susceptible to reaction with the long carbon chains in the coupling agent.

[0043] This invention utilizes novel coupling agents for carbon black with varying numbers of long carbon chains and polysulfide bonds. Leveraging the strong adsorption and porous structure of carbon black, the long carbon chains of the coupling agent are adsorbed onto the carbon black surface or within the mesoporous structure, achieving a strong bond between the carbon black and the coupling agent. Simultaneously, the polysulfide bonds of the coupling agent can participate in the vulcanization of rubber, increasing the cross-linking of the rubber system and thus enhancing the interfacial bonding between the filler carbon black and the rubber matrix, thereby improving the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix. The ionic liquid used in this invention reacts with the silane coupling agent to form an intermediate product, and simultaneously adsorbs onto the carbon black surface using cation-π interactions, thereby promoting the adsorption and binding between the silane coupling agent and carbon black, further improving the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix. The prepared rubber nanocomposite material exhibits advantages such as low hysteresis loss, low heat generation, high wear resistance, and low rolling resistance. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the content of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples are all disclosed in the prior art, such as those that can be directly purchased or prepared according to the preparation methods disclosed in the prior art.

[0046] Comparative Example 1

[0047] The comparative example of the present invention provides a rubber composition that does not use a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, prepared by a dry method, comprising the following components: 50 parts of carbon black, 1 part of antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts of activator including ZnO, 2 parts of SA, 1.2 parts of accelerator CZ, and 2 parts of sulfur, based on 100 parts by weight of natural rubber.

[0048] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was mixed for 5 minutes, and then discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0049] Comparative Example 2

[0050] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this comparative example is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once ethanol production ceased, the reaction was considered essentially complete. The reactants were then cooled, and the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C. A vacuum treatment was then performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants, yielding the final organosilane coupling agent M1.

[0051] The comparative example of the present invention provides a rubber composition using only a novel organosilane coupling agent, prepared by a dry method, comprising the following components: 50 parts of carbon black, 4 parts of coupling agent M1, 1 part of antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts of activator including ZnO, 2 parts of SA, 1.2 parts of accelerator CZ, and 2 parts of sulfur, based on 100 parts by weight of natural rubber.

[0052] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black coupling agent M1 was added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were taken in a molar ratio of 1:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen protective atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once ethanol production ceased, the reaction was considered essentially complete. The reactants were then cooled, and the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C. A vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants, yielding the final organosilane coupling agent M1.

[0055] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 4 parts coupling agent M1, 0.6 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur.

[0056] The structural formula of coupling agent M1 is: Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0057] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0058] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M1, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were prepared in a molar ratio of 2:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once ethanol production ceased, the reaction was considered essentially complete. The reactants were then cooled, and the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C. A vacuum treatment was then performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants, yielding the final organosilane coupling agent M2.

[0061] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 4 parts coupling agent M2, 0.6 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur.

[0062] The structural formula of coupling agent M2 is: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0063] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0064] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M2, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was mixed for 5 minutes, and then discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were prepared in a molar ratio of 3:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once ethanol production ceased, the reaction was considered essentially complete. The reactants were then cooled, and the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C. A vacuum treatment was then performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants, yielding the final organosilane coupling agent M3.

[0067] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 4 parts coupling agent M3, 0.6 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur.

[0068] The structural formula of coupling agent M3 is as follows: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0069] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0070] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M3, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were prepared in a molar ratio of 4:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once ethanol production ceased, the reaction was considered essentially complete. The reactants were then cooled, and the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C. A vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants, yielding the final organosilane coupling agent M4.

[0073] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 4 parts coupling agent M4, 0.6 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur, based on 100 parts of natural rubber by weight.

[0074] The structural formula of coupling agent M4 is: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0075] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0076] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M4, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was mixed for 5 minutes, and then discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were prepared in a molar ratio of 5:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once ethanol production ceased, the reaction was considered essentially complete. The reactants were then cooled, and the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C. A vacuum treatment was then performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants, yielding the final organosilane coupling agent M5.

[0079] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 4 parts coupling agent M5, 0.6 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur.

[0080] The structural formula of coupling agent M5 is as follows: Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0081] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0082] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M5, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0083] Example 6

[0084] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were prepared in a molar ratio of 6:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once ethanol production ceased, the reaction was considered essentially complete. The reactants were then cooled, and the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C. A vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants, yielding the final organosilane coupling agent M6.

[0085] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 4 parts coupling agent M6, 0.6 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur.

[0086] The structural formula of coupling agent M6 is: Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0087] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M6, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was mixed for 5 minutes, and then discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0088] Example 7

[0089] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment (same as in Example 3) is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were taken in a molar ratio of 3:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once no more ethanol was produced, the reaction was considered essentially complete. After cooling, the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C, and a vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants to obtain the final organosilane coupling agent M3.

[0090] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 1 part coupling agent M3, 0.1 part 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur.

[0091] The structural formula of coupling agent M3 is as follows: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0092] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0093] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M3, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0094] Example 8

[0095] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment (same as in Example 3) is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were taken in a molar ratio of 3:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once no more ethanol was produced, the reaction was considered essentially complete. After cooling, the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C, and a vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants to obtain the final organosilane coupling agent M3.

[0096] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 2 parts coupling agent M3, 0.2 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur.

[0097] The structural formula of coupling agent M3 is as follows: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0098] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0099] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M3, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0100] Example 9

[0101] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment (same as in Example 3) is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were taken in a molar ratio of 3:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once no more ethanol was produced, the reaction was considered essentially complete. After cooling, the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C, and a vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants to obtain the final organosilane coupling agent M3.

[0102] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 3 parts coupling agent M3, 0.3 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur, based on 100 parts of natural rubber by weight.

[0103] The structural formula of coupling agent M3 is as follows: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0104] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0105] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M3, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0106] Example 10

[0107] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment (same as in Example 3) is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were taken in a molar ratio of 3:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once no more ethanol was produced, the reaction was considered essentially complete. After cooling, the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C, and a vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants to obtain the final organosilane coupling agent M3.

[0108] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 2 parts coupling agent M3, 0.4 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur, based on 100 parts of natural rubber by weight.

[0109] The structural formula of coupling agent M3 is as follows: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0110] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0111] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M3, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0112] Example 11

[0113] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment (same as in Example 3) is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were taken in a molar ratio of 3:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once no more ethanol was produced, the reaction was considered essentially complete. After cooling, the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C, and a vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants to obtain the final organosilane coupling agent M3.

[0114] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 3 parts coupling agent M3, 0.6 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur, based on 100 parts of natural rubber by weight.

[0115] The structural formula of coupling agent M3 is as follows: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0116] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0117] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M3, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The vulcanization temperature was 143℃. After the mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours, performance tests were conducted.

[0118] Example 12

[0119] The specific preparation process of the self-made silane coupling agent in this embodiment (same as in Example 3) is as follows: AEO9 and Si69 were taken in a molar ratio of 3:1, and 3% by mass of tetrabutyl titanate catalyst was added. All reactants were placed in a three-necked flask and heated and stirred in an oil bath at 130°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Ethanol was produced during the reaction; once no more ethanol was produced, the reaction was considered essentially complete. After cooling, the oil bath temperature was lowered to 80°C, and a vacuum treatment was performed to purify the reaction product, removing the catalyst and some reactants to obtain the final organosilane coupling agent M3.

[0120] An embodiment of the present invention provides a rubber composition using a novel organosilane coupling agent and an ionic liquid, comprising the following components: 50 parts carbon black, 4 parts coupling agent M3, 0.8 parts 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1 part antioxidant 4010NA, 5 parts activator including ZnO, 2 parts SA, 1.2 parts accelerator CZ, and 2 parts sulfur.

[0121] The structural formula of coupling agent M3 is as follows: or Where R1 is R2 is a straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon chain with C = 12-18.

[0122] The structural formula of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate is:

[0123] The above-mentioned raw materials in the specified weight proportions were mixed as follows: The internal mixer temperature was set to 110℃ and the speed to 25 r / min. The weighed rubber was added, and the speed was increased to 45 r / min. After mixing for 1 minute, zinc oxide, stearic acid, and antioxidant were added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Half of the weighed carbon black was added, and the mixture was mixed for 30 seconds. Then, the other half of the carbon black, coupling agent M3, and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate were added, and the mixture was mixed for 1 minute. Simultaneously, the speed was increased to 70–85 r / min, and the material temperature was controlled using the heat generated during mixing, maintaining it between 145℃ and 155℃. The mixture was then mixed for 5 minutes, and the material was discharged. The sample was passed through a two-roll mill with cooling water to reduce the temperature to room temperature. Then, using a two-roll mill with cooling water, the accelerator and sulfur were added sequentially. After each addition, the rubber was cut once on each side, formed into five triangular bundles, and rolled three times. The mixed rubber was left to stand for 24 hours before performance testing.

[0124] Test case

[0125] The test methods used in the comparative examples and embodiments are as follows:

[0126] Table 1 Rubber Performance Testing Standards and Conditions

[0127] Test Project Test standards and conditions Vulcanization performance test GB / T9869 Strain scanning of vulcanized rubber Temperature: 60℃, Deformation: 0.28%-42%, Frequency: 10Hz Akron wear test GB / T1689-1998 DIN abrasion test GB / 9867 Dynamic compression heat generation test GB1687-93

[0128] The performance test results of Comparative Examples 1-2 and Examples 1-12 are as follows:

[0129] Table 2: Vulcanization properties of rubber (M1-M6)

[0130]

[0131] Table 3: Vulcanization properties of rubber (fixed M3)

[0132]

[0133] Tables 2 and 3 show that adding coupling agents M1-M6 and ionic liquids to prepare rubber compositions can shorten scorch time and positive vulcanization time. This indicates that the polysulfide bonds of coupling agents M1-M6 participate in rubber vulcanization, and that the ionic liquids, in conjunction with these agents, promote rubber vulcanization.

[0134] Table 4: Tanδ values ​​of rubber at 7% strain (M1-M6)

[0135]

[0136] Table 5: Tanδ values ​​of rubber at 7% strain (fixed M3)

[0137]

[0138] Table 6: Compression Heat Generation Properties of Rubber (M1-M6)

[0139]

[0140] Table 7: Compression heat generation properties of rubber (fixed m3)

[0141]

[0142] As can be seen from the loss factor values ​​and compression fatigue temperature rise values ​​in Table 4-7, the addition of coupling agents M1-M6 and ionic liquids reduces the loss factor values ​​and compression fatigue temperature rise values, decreases the rolling resistance of the rubber, and reduces hysteresis loss. This indicates that coupling agents M1-M6 enhance the interfacial bonding between carbon black and the rubber matrix, thereby improving the dispersion of carbon black in the rubber matrix, improving the performance of the rubber, and significantly reducing the energy consumption of automobiles.

[0143] Table 8: Abrasion Properties of Rubber (M1-M6) Table 9: Abrasion Properties of Rubber (Constant M3)

[0144]

[0145] As can be seen from the wear volume in Table 8-9, the rubber still has high wear resistance after adding coupling agents M1-M6 and ionic liquids, and the wear resistance is improved.

Claims

1. A low heat build-up rubber composition, comprising rubber, carbon black, ionic liquid, modified silane coupling agent, antioxidant, activator, accelerator, vulcanizing agent, the general formula of the modified silane coupling agent is Formula (1) In formula (1), R1to R6are independently selected from one of a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether group or an alicyclic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether group of the structural formula R 10 O-(CH2CH2O) n - and at least one of R1to R6is R 10 O-(CH2CH2O) n -, wherein, R 10 R is a C12-C18 linear or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl or alkenyl group, n is an integer from 3 to 23; R8, R9are independently selected from a C2-C20 linear or branched alkyl or cycloalkyl or aralkyl or alkenyl group; m is an integer from 1 to 6. 2.The low heat build-up rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein, the ionic liquid is at least one selected from 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydroxide; and / or, the rubber is at least one selected from natural rubber, isoprene rubber, cis-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, chlorobutyl rubber; and / or, the carbon black is at least one selected from furnace black, acetylene black, channel black, pyrolysis carbon black; and / or, the antioxidant is at least one selected from amine antioxidant, ketone amine antioxidant, aldehyde amine antioxidant; and / or, the activator is a combination of metal oxide and fatty acid, the metal oxide is zinc oxide and / or magnesium oxide, the fatty acid is C12-C20 fatty acid; and / or, the accelerator is at least one selected from sulfenamide accelerator, thiazole accelerator, xanthate accelerator, thiourea accelerator; and / or, the vulcanizing agent is at least one selected from sulfur and sulfur donor. 3.The low heat build-up rubber composition according to claim 2, wherein, the carbon black is selected from furnace black. 4.The low heat build-up rubber composition according to claim 1, wherein, the carbon black is 10-100 parts, the antioxidant is 1-5 parts, the activator is 3-8 parts, the accelerator is 1-5 parts, the vulcanizing agent is 0.5-3 parts, based on 100 parts of rubber; and / or, the modified silane coupling agent is 1-20 wt% of the amount of carbon black; and / or, the ionic liquid is 5-30 wt% of the amount of modified silane coupling agent. 5.The low heat build-up rubber composition according to claim 4, wherein, the modified silane coupling agent is 2-8 wt% of the amount of carbon black; and / or, the ionic liquid is 10-20 wt% of the amount of modified silane coupling agent. The low heat build-up rubber composition is obtained after mixing the components including the rubber, carbon black, ionic liquid, modified silane coupling agent, antioxidant, activator, accelerator, and vulcanizing agent. The preparation method comprises: (1) mixing the rubber, activator, and antioxidant; (2) adding part of the carbon black and continuing to mix; (3) adding the remaining carbon black, modified silane coupling agent, and ionic liquid and continuing to mix; (4) adding the accelerator and vulcanizing agent, and obtaining the low heat build-up rubber composition after vulcanization. 8.The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein, the mixing temperature of step (1) and step (2) is 100-125℃; and / or, the part of carbon black added in step (2) is 45-55 wt% of the total amount of carbon black; and / or, the mixing temperature of step (3) is 145-155℃; and / or, the vulcanization temperature of step (4) is 140-145℃. ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 6. A process for preparing the low heat build-up rubber composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: ​ 7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The modified silane coupling agent is obtained by reacting a silane coupling agent and an alcohol derivative.

10. The preparation method of claim 9, wherein, the general formula of the silane coupling agent is formula (2) in formula (2), R1'~R6' are independently selected from one of methoxy, ethoxy, a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether group or an alicyclic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether group; R8', R9' are independently selected from a linear alkyl group or a branched alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group or an aralkyl group or an olefin group with C2~C20; m' is an integer of 1~6; and / or, the alcohol derivative is selected from at least one of a fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether compound or an alicyclic alcohol polyoxyethylene ether compound; and / or, the molar ratio of the silane coupling agent and the alcohol derivative is 1: (1~6).

11. The preparation method of claim 9, wherein, the reaction temperature is 130~140℃; and / or, the reaction is carried out under a protective gas atmosphere.

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