An antenna unit and an antenna

Abstract

The application relates to an antenna unit and an antenna, the antenna unit comprising a power division unit assembly, a reflecting panel and a phase shift network assembly; each group of power division unit assemblies comprises two groups of radiation units connected through the same group of power division networks; the reflecting panel extends along a first direction, one side surface of the reflecting panel is fixedly connected with the power division unit assembly; the phase shift network assembly is located on the other side surface of the reflecting panel and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the reflecting panel in the first direction; the phase shift network assembly comprises a primary phase shift assembly and a secondary phase shift assembly, the secondary phase shift assembly is cascaded with the primary phase shift assembly, and the output ports of the primary phase shift assembly are respectively cascaded with the power division unit assemblies for changing the phases thereof; the application sets a novel topological architecture to realize wireless cable design of the phase shift network, reduces network loss, improves antenna radiation efficiency and sets a semi-enclosed cavity to realize lightweight design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to an antenna element and an antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of mobile communication, in order to meet user needs, base station antennas are developing towards multi-port, multi-band, fully integrated, low-cost, low-loss, and high-gain directions. As the number of antenna bands and ports increases, phase shifters, as an important component of base station antennas, are becoming increasingly complex. To achieve phase change, phase shifters usually have two methods: changing the physical length of the transmission line or the equivalent dielectric constant of the transmission line. To facilitate deployment and simplify layout, existing technologies often use dielectric phase shifters that change the equivalent dielectric constant of the transmission line.

[0003] Depending on the connection method, dielectric phase shifters fall into two categories. In one category, the vibrator and the phase shifter PCB are electrically connected via cables, and the phase difference between each port is balanced through the cables. As the number of phase shifters increases, the number of cables also increases exponentially, making wiring complex and cumbersome. On the one hand, this increases the overall weight of the antenna, makes the overall layout difficult, and raises production and design costs. On the other hand, the increased number of cables and phase shifters leads to more solder joints, which can easily cause product defects and low production efficiency. The antenna itself also suffers increased losses, making it difficult to improve gain.

[0004] Another type of dielectric phase shifter uses a cableless design, with the radiating unit electrically connected to the phase shifter PCB. Each set of radiating units corresponds to one set of phase shifters. To balance the phase difference between the ports, more transmission lines are needed for phase compensation. The added transmission lines occupy more cavity space. In this type of dielectric phase shifter, the cavity and transmission line lengths are almost the same as the antenna array length. This results in an excessively large cavity space that requires higher-cost dielectric components to match, leading to higher production costs and greater network losses. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the technical difficulty that the number of output ports of the existing cableless medium phase-shifting network device cannot be balanced with the cavity volume and manufacturing cost, and to provide a cableless medium phase-shifting network device and antenna, setting a new phase-shifting network topology architecture, while realizing multiple output ports and lightweight cavity settings.

[0006] In a first aspect, to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides an antenna element, which includes,

[0007] The power divider unit assembly includes two sets of radiating units, which are connected through the same power divider network.

[0008] A reflective panel extending along a first direction, with one side surface of the reflective panel fixedly connected to the power division unit assembly;

[0009] A phase-shifting network assembly is located on the other side surface of the reflective panel and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the reflective panel in the first direction. The phase-shifting network assembly includes a primary phase-shifting assembly and a secondary phase-shifting assembly. The secondary phase-shifting assembly is cascaded with the primary phase-shifting assembly. The output ports of the primary phase-shifting assembly are cascaded with the power divider assembly to change its phase.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, a base plate is further included, the base plate including a base plate body and a flange; the base plate body is disposed opposite to the reflective panel, and the gap between the two forms an accommodating space for accommodating the phase shifting network component; the flange abuts against the axis of the reflective panel, and the flange divides the accommodating space into a symmetrically arranged and semi-enclosed first accommodating area and a second accommodating area.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the phase-shifting network assembly includes a network strip, a fixed medium, and a phase-shifting medium; the network strip includes a first strip and a second strip symmetrically arranged; the fixed medium is attached to and symmetrically arranged with the network strip; the phase-shifting medium is located on both sides of the network strip in a second direction and is in close contact with the two side surfaces of the network strip, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the phase-shifting medium is configured to slide along the first direction.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the phase-shifting medium includes a first phase-shifting medium block, a second phase-shifting medium block, and a third phase-shifting medium block arranged along the first direction and sequentially connected to the first strip line; and a fourth phase-shifting medium block, a fifth phase-shifting medium block, and a sixth phase-shifting medium block arranged along the first direction and sequentially connected to the second strip line; the phase-shifting mediums connected to the two sets of network strip lines are symmetrically arranged; the first-stage phase-shifting assembly includes the first phase-shifting medium block, the third phase-shifting medium block, the fourth phase-shifting medium block, and the sixth phase-shifting medium block; the second-stage phase-shifting assembly includes the second phase-shifting medium block and the fifth phase-shifting medium block; and the first-stage phase-shifting assembly is arranged on both sides of the second-stage phase-shifting assembly in the first direction.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, within the first-stage phase-shifting component, the phase changes at the positions of the first phase-shifting dielectric block are Φ, 0, and -Φ, the phase changes at the positions of the third phase-shifting dielectric block are Φ, 0, and -Φ, the phase changes at the positions of the fourth phase-shifting dielectric block are Φ, 0, and -Φ, and the phase changes at the positions of the sixth phase-shifting dielectric block are Φ, 0, and -Φ; within the second-stage phase-shifting component, the phase changes at the positions of the second phase-shifting dielectric block are 1.5Φ and -1.5Φ, and the phase changes at the positions of the fifth phase-shifting dielectric block are 1.5Φ and -1.5Φ.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the phase-shifting network assembly further includes a drive rod and a drive connector; the drive rod has two sets and is symmetrically arranged, and each set of the drive rod drives the phase-shifting medium on the same side to slide through the drive connector, and the drive connector is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the phase-shifting medium.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the phase-shifting network assembly further includes a support member connected to the network strip and used to support the power divider unit assembly; the dielectric constant of the support member is less than 1.1.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a feed pin is further provided on the network strip, the feed pin being connected to the input end of the power divider network; the radiating element is connected to the output end of the power divider network via a balun arm.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spacing between the two groups of radiating units in each group of power divider unit components is 0.56 to 0.88 operating wavelengths.

[0018] Secondly, the present invention also provides an antenna, comprising the antenna element described in any of the above embodiments.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] The antenna unit and antenna described in this invention feature a novel topology architecture that cascades the power divider unit with a phase-shifting network, enabling a wireless design for the phase-shifting network. Compared to existing antenna structures, the novel phase-shifting topology architecture reduces network loss and improves antenna radiation efficiency. Furthermore, the semi-enclosed cavity design achieves lightweight construction, facilitating antenna manufacturing and layout design. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0022] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the phase-shifting network topology according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna unit in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Exploded view;

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Side view;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the power divider unit component and the phase shifter network component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a top view of the phase-shifting network component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the phase-shifting network component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the drive connector in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Power divider unit assembly; 11. Power divider network; 12. Radiation unit; 13. Balun arm; 2. Reflector panel; 3. Phase shifting network assembly; 31. Support member; 4. Base plate; 41. Base plate body; 42. Flange; 51. First receiving area; 52. Second receiving area; 6. Network strip; 61. First strip; 62. Second strip; 63. Feed pin; 7. Fixed medium; 701. First fixed medium block; 702. Second fixed medium block; 703. Third fixed medium block; 704. Fourth fixed medium block; 705. Fifth fixed medium block; 706. Sixth fixed medium block; 707. Seventh fixed medium block; 708. Eighth fixed medium block; 8. Phase-shifting medium; 801. First phase-shifting medium block; 802. Second phase-shifting medium block; 803. Third phase-shifting medium block; 804. Fourth phase-shifting medium block; 805. Fifth phase-shifting medium block; 806. Sixth phase-shifting medium block; 9. Driving component; 91. Driving rod; 9101. First rod; 9102. Second rod; 92. Driving connector; 9201. Protrusion; 9202. Recess. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 11 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an antenna unit; the antenna unit includes a power divider assembly 1, a reflector panel 2, and a phase-shifting network assembly 3. The power divider assembly 1 and the phase-shifting network assembly 3 are cascaded to realize a wireless phase-shifting network; compared with the existing antenna structure, the new phase-shifting topology reduces network loss and improves antenna radiation efficiency; at the same time, the semi-enclosed cavity is set to achieve lightweight design, which facilitates antenna production, processing and layout design.

[0037] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the antenna unit has at least two sets of power divider unit components 1. Each set of power divider unit components 1 includes a power divider network 11 and at least one radiating element 12. Preferably, each set of power divider unit components 1 includes two sets of radiating elements 12. The two sets of radiating elements 12 are connected through the same set of power divider network 11. The radiating elements 12 are connected to the output terminal of the power divider network 11 through a balun arm 13. The spacing between the two sets of radiating elements 12 in the power divider unit component 1 is set to 0.56 to 0.88 operating wavelengths. Preferably, the spacing is set to 0.8 operating wavelengths.

[0038] Furthermore, referring to Figure 2As shown, the power division unit component 1 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention has six groups. In other embodiments, the number of power division unit components 1 can be set according to actual transmission requirements, and is not limited thereto.

[0039] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 As shown, the reflective panel 2 extends along a first direction, and the thickness direction of the reflective panel 2 is set as a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction; the reflective panel 2 is fixedly connected to the power division unit assembly 1 on one side surface in the second direction, and the phase shifting network assembly 3 is connected to the other side surface of the reflective panel 2 in the second direction.

[0040] Continued, see reference Figure 4 and Figure 9 As shown, the antenna unit further includes a base plate 4, which includes a base plate body 41 and a flange 42. The base plate body 41 and the reflective panel 2 are directly opposite each other in the second direction. The gap between the base plate body 41 and the reflective panel 2 in the second direction forms an accommodating space for accommodating the phase-shifting network component 3. The flange 42 abuts against the axis of the reflective panel 2 along the first direction, and the flange 42 divides the accommodating space into a symmetrically arranged first accommodating area 51 and a second accommodating area 52. The base plate 4 is formed by pultrusion of metal material or by injection molding and electroplating of plastic. The base plate 4 and the reflective panel 2 share the same ground. The cross-section of the base plate 4 is an inverted "T" shape, which makes both the first accommodating area 51 and the second accommodating area 52 a semi-closed structure with an opening on one side. This reduces the amount of metal material used to enclose the accommodating space, achieving a low profile and lightweight design. This significantly reduces the weight of the antenna product when the antenna unit array is set up, and facilitates installation.

[0041] Specifically, refer to Figures 5-7 As shown, the phase-shifting network component 3 includes a network strip 6, a fixed medium 7, a phase-shifting medium 8, a support member 31, and a driving member 9; part of the phase-shifting network component 3 is located in the first accommodating area 51, and another part of the phase-shifting network component 3 is located in the second accommodating area 52. The phase-shifting network components 3 located in the first accommodating area 51 and the second accommodating area 52 are symmetrically arranged about the first direction; the driving member 9 drives the moving medium to slide along the first direction to change the phase of the network outlet.

[0042] Furthermore, referring to Figure 6As shown, the network strip 6 includes a first strip 61 and a second strip 62; the first strip 61 is located in the first accommodating area 51, and the second strip 62 is located in the second accommodating area 52; the network strip 6 is processed by laser cutting or stamping, and the material of the network strip 6 is metal, preferably aluminum or copper; the network strip 6 is also provided with a feed pin 63, and the phase-shifting network component 3 is connected to the input end of the power divider network 11 through the feed pin 63 to realize a novel phase-shifting network topology.

[0043] Furthermore, referring to Figure 7 As shown, the support member 31 connects to the network strip 6. The material of the support member 31 is foam or a mixed medium, and the dielectric constant of the support member 31 is less than 1.1. A lower dielectric constant of the support member 31 facilitates control of the transmission line loss of the phase-shifting network assembly 3. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each set of support members 31 is configured as two layers, with the two layers of support members 31 located on both sides of the network strip 6 in the second direction. The opposing surfaces of the two layers of support members 31 are used to adhere and fix to the surface of the network strip 6, supporting the power division unit assembly 1 while limiting the position of the network strip 6, maintaining the positional accuracy of the network strip 6, and improving product consistency.

[0044] Furthermore, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, each phase-shifting medium 8 is configured as two layers, respectively located on both sides of the network strip 6 in the second direction. The surfaces of the two phase-shifting medium layers 8 facing each other in the second direction are tightly bonded to the surface of the network strip 6. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the phase-shifting medium 8 includes a first phase-shifting medium block 801, a second phase-shifting medium block 802, a third phase-shifting medium block 803, a fourth phase-shifting medium block 804, a fifth phase-shifting medium block 805, and a sixth phase-shifting medium block 806; wherein, the first phase-shifting medium block 801, the second phase-shifting medium block 802, and the third phase-shifting medium block 803 are all located in the first accommodating area 51, arranged along the first direction, and all connected to the first strip 61; the fourth phase-shifting medium block 804, the fifth phase-shifting medium block 805, and the sixth phase-shifting medium block 806 are all located in the second accommodating area 52, arranged along the first direction, and all connected to the second strip 62, and the phase-shifting medium blocks connected to the first strip 61 and the phase-shifting medium blocks connected to the second strip 62 are symmetrically arranged.

[0045] Continuing, within the first-stage phase-shifting assembly, the phase changes at the three outlets of the first phase-shifting medium block 801 are Φ, 0, and -Φ, respectively; the phase changes at the three outlets of the third phase-shifting medium block 803 are Φ, 0, and -Φ, respectively; the phase changes at the three outlets of the fourth phase-shifting medium block 804 are Φ, 0, and -Φ, respectively; and the phase changes at the three outlets of the sixth phase-shifting medium block are Φ, 0, and -Φ, respectively. Within the second-stage phase-shifting assembly, the phase changes at the two outlets of the second phase-shifting medium block 802 are 1.5Φ and -1.5Φ, respectively; and the phase changes at the two outlets of the fifth phase-shifting medium block 805 are 1.5Φ and -1.5Φ, respectively.

[0046] It should be noted that, in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, reference is made to... Figure 1 As shown, the phase-shifting network component 3 includes a primary phase-shifting component and a secondary phase-shifting component. The secondary phase-shifting component is cascaded with the primary phase-shifting component. The output ports of the primary phase-shifting component are cascaded with the power divider unit component 1 to change its phase, thereby achieving a cable-free design. This invention, through a novel multi-level topology and multiple radiating units 12 of the power divider network 11 unit component, achieves multiple network port outputs and enables phase adjustment without increasing transmission lines, avoiding excessive transmission lines occupying significant cavity space due to phase compensation.

[0047] Continuing, the first-stage phase-shifting component includes the first phase-shifting medium block 801, the third phase-shifting medium block 803, the fourth phase-shifting medium block 804, and the sixth phase-shifting medium block 806; the second-stage phase-shifting component includes the second phase-shifting medium block 802 and the fifth phase-shifting medium block 805, and the first-stage phase-shifting component is disposed on both sides of the second-stage phase-shifting component in the first direction.

[0048] Furthermore, the driving element 9 is located on both sides of the moving medium in a third direction, which is perpendicular to the plane containing the first direction and the second direction. The driving element 9 includes a driving rod 91 and a driving connector 92; the driving rod 91 has two sets and is symmetrically arranged, and each set of driving rods 91 drives the phase-shifting medium 8 on the same side to slide through the driving connector 92.

[0049] Continuing, the drive rod 91 includes a first rod 9101 and a second rod 9102. The first rod 9101 is located on the opening side of the first accommodating area 51, and the second rod 9102 is located on the opening side of the second accommodating area 52. The drive connectors 92 are arranged one-to-one with the phase-shifting medium 8. When the first rod 9101 moves, it drives the three sets of drive connectors 92 connected to the first phase-shifting medium block 801, the second phase-shifting medium block 802, and the third phase-shifting medium block 803 to move. The three sets of drive connectors 92 drive the first phase-shifting medium block 801, the second phase-shifting medium block 802, and the third phase-shifting medium block 803 to slide synchronously along the first direction. Correspondingly, when the second pull rod 9102 moves, it drives the three sets of drive connectors 92 on the opposite side. The three sets of drive connectors 92 drive the fourth phase-shifting medium block 804, the fifth phase-shifting medium block 805 and the sixth phase-shifting medium block 806 to slide synchronously along the first direction, thereby realizing the phase adjustment of each phase-shifting network outlet of the phase-shifting network component 3.

[0050] Continuing, the first pull rod 9101 and the second pull rod 9102 are made of fiberglass or plastic. When the material is plastic, the drive pull rod 91 is made of plastic injection molding and the drive connector 92 is made of plastic injection molding. The drive component 9 is used to reduce the overall weight of the antenna unit and achieve electrical insulation. After the secondary phase-shifting component is cascaded with the primary phase-shifting component, the phase changes of the three network outlets at the location of the first phase-shifting medium block 801 change from Φ, 0, and -Φ to 2.5Φ, 1.5Φ, and 0.5Φ, respectively; the phase change at the location of the second phase-shifting medium block 802 is 1.5Φ; the phase changes of the three network outlets at the location of the third phase-shifting medium block 803 change from Φ, 0, and -Φ to -0.5Φ, -1.5Φ, and -2.5Φ, respectively; the phase changes of the three network outlets at the location of the fourth phase-shifting medium block 804 change from Φ, 0, and -Φ to 2.5Φ, 1.5Φ, and 0.5Φ, respectively; the phase change at the location of the fifth phase-shifting medium block 805 is -1.5Φ; and the phase changes of the three network outlets at the location of the sixth phase-shifting medium block 806 change from Φ, 0, and -Φ to -0.5Φ, -1.5Φ, and -2.5Φ, respectively.

[0051] Continued, see reference Figure 10As shown, each set of drive connectors 92 has a recess 9202 and a protrusion 9201 on its outer periphery. The recess 9202 engages with the outer periphery of the drive rod 91, and the protrusion 9201 is inserted into the gap in the phase shifting medium 8 in the vertical direction for accommodating the network strip 6. In some embodiments, a portion of the phase shifting medium 8 disposed opposite to the network strip 6 in the second direction is in contact with the network strip 6, and an insertion groove is formed in the area outside the contact with the network strip 6 for cooperating with the protrusion 9201.

[0052] Furthermore, referring to Figure 6 As shown, the fixing medium 7 is attached to and symmetrically arranged with the network strip 6; each fixing medium 7 has two layers and is located on both sides of the network strip 6 in the second direction, and the surface of the fixing medium 7 facing each other in the second direction is attached to the network strip 6. The fixing medium 7 includes a first fixing medium block 701, a second fixing medium block 702, a third fixing medium block 703, a fourth fixing medium block 704, a fifth fixing medium block 705, a sixth fixing medium block 706, a seventh fixing medium block 707, and an eighth fixing medium block 708; the first fixing medium block 701, the second fixing medium block 702, the third fixing medium block 703, and the fourth fixing medium block 704 are attached to the first strip 61, and the fifth fixing medium block 705, the sixth fixing medium block 706, the seventh fixing medium block 707, and the eighth fixing medium block 708 are attached to the second strip 62, and the fixing medium blocks attached to the first strip 61 and the fixing medium blocks attached to the second strip 62 are symmetrically arranged. The fixing medium 7 is attached to and limits the network strip 6 to prevent the network strip 6 from being displaced and affecting the transmission, thus ensuring the positional accuracy of the network strip 6. Based on the high impedance characteristics, in this embodiment of the invention, the phase shifting medium 8, the fixing medium 7, the network strip 6, and the support member 31 are all located within the accommodating space. Under the condition of cascading, it is easy to reduce the size of the network strip 6, thereby reducing the cross-sectional size of the phase shifter and realizing a miniaturized and lightweight design.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides an antenna, which includes at least one set of antenna elements provided in Embodiment 1. In some embodiments, the antenna elements may be arranged along the first direction, or along a third direction, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to the plane containing the first direction and the second direction; in some embodiments, the antenna elements may also be arranged in an array. The power divider unit components 1 are staggered or aligned.

[0055] Reference Figure 11The diagram shows an antenna element arrangement in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The antenna includes four groups of antenna elements, which are arranged along the third direction and the power divider unit 1 is staggered in the first direction.

[0056] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An antenna element, characterized in that, include, The power divider unit assembly includes two sets of radiating units, which are connected through the same power divider network. A reflective panel extending along a first direction, with one side surface of the reflective panel fixedly connected to the power division unit assembly; A phase-shifting network assembly is located on the other side surface of the reflective panel and is symmetrically arranged about the axis of the reflective panel in the first direction; the phase-shifting network assembly includes a primary phase-shifting assembly and a secondary phase-shifting assembly, the secondary phase-shifting assembly being cascaded with the primary phase-shifting assembly, and the output ports of the primary phase-shifting assembly being cascaded with the power divider assembly to change its phase; It also includes a base plate, which includes a base plate body and a flange; the base plate body is disposed opposite to the reflective panel, and the gap between the two forms an accommodating space for accommodating the phase-shifting network component; the flange abuts against the axis of the reflective panel, and the flange divides the accommodating space into a symmetrically arranged and semi-enclosed first accommodating area and a second accommodating area. The phase-shifting network assembly includes a network strip, a fixed medium, and a phase-shifting medium; the network strip includes a first strip and a second strip symmetrically arranged; the fixed medium is attached to and symmetrically arranged with the network strip; the phase-shifting medium is located on both sides of the network strip in a second direction and is in close contact with the two side surfaces of the network strip, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the phase-shifting medium is configured to slide along the first direction; The phase-shifting medium includes a first phase-shifting medium block, a second phase-shifting medium block, and a third phase-shifting medium block arranged along the first direction and sequentially connected to the first strip line; and a fourth phase-shifting medium block, a fifth phase-shifting medium block, and a sixth phase-shifting medium block arranged along the first direction and sequentially connected to the second strip line; the phase-shifting mediums connected to the two sets of network strip lines are symmetrically arranged; the first-level phase-shifting component includes the first phase-shifting medium block, the third phase-shifting medium block, the fourth phase-shifting medium block, and the sixth phase-shifting medium block; the second-level phase-shifting component includes the second phase-shifting medium block and the fifth phase-shifting medium block; the first-level phase-shifting component is arranged on both sides of the second-level phase-shifting component in the first direction.

2. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: Within the first-stage phase-shifting assembly, the phase changes at the positions of the first phase-shifting dielectric block are Φ, 0, and -Φ, respectively; the phase changes at the positions of the third, fourth, and sixth phase-shifting dielectric blocks are Φ, 0, and -Φ, respectively; and the phase changes at the positions of the sixth phase-shifting dielectric block are Φ, 0, and -Φ, respectively. Within the second-stage phase-shifting assembly, the phase changes at the positions of the second and fifth phase-shifting dielectric blocks are 1.5Φ and -1.5Φ, respectively.

3. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-shifting network assembly further includes drive rods and drive connectors; the drive rods are arranged in two sets symmetrically, and each set of drive rods drives the phase-shifting medium on the same side to slide through the drive connectors, and the drive connectors are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the phase-shifting mediums.

4. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase-shifting network assembly further includes a support member connected to the network strip and used to support the power divider unit assembly; the dielectric constant of the support member is less than 1.

1.

5. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The network strip is also provided with a feed pin, which is connected to the input end of the power divider network; the radiating unit is connected to the output end of the power divider network through a balun arm.

6. The antenna element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the two groups of radiating units in each group of power divider units is 0.56 to 0.88 operating wavelengths.

7. An antenna, characterized in that: Includes the antenna element as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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