Optical Distribution Network Branch Port Identification Method and Optical Distribution Network

Abstract

This invention provides a method for identifying branch ports in an optical distribution network (ODN) and an optical distribution network itself. The method includes: splitting a first uplink optical signal emitted by an optical network unit (ONU) connected to an ODN branch port to obtain multiple second uplink optical signals; superimposing the second uplink optical signals, after signal delay and corresponding to the same ODN branch port, to obtain a superimposed uplink optical signal corresponding to that ODN branch port, thereby identifying different ODN branch ports based on the signal changes corresponding to each superimposed uplink optical signal. This invention solves the problem of unclear connection relationships between the branch ports of the optical splitter in the ODN and the ONU, making it impossible to determine the topological connection relationships of the ODN network, thus achieving a visualized ODN network effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a method for identifying branch ports in an optical distribution network and an optical distribution network. Background Technology

[0002] Passive Optical Networks (PONs) provide connectivity between Optical Line Terminals (OLTs) and multiple Optical Network Units (ONUs), sharing the optical fiber medium between the OLT and the splitter. They offer advantages such as being passive, low-cost, easy to maintain, and transparent to various services. Therefore, PON technology has become the mainstream technology for broadband access in the era of full-service operation, and is currently in the stage of large-scale deployment of 10-gigabit passive optical networks (10GPON).

[0003] In PON networks, the Optical Distribution Network (ODN) employs one or more optical splitters, typically achieving a splitting ratio of 1:32 or higher. After deployment, operators gradually connect ONUs to enable services. Because the splitters and optical fibers in the ODN are purely passive optical devices and cannot transmit tagging information, the system maintenance team cannot directly obtain the connection topology between branch ports and ONUs in the ODN, nor the utilization rate of branch optical fibers. Instead, it requires attaching additional RFID tags to branch ports or branch optical fibers, or for maintenance personnel to manually record the correspondence between branch ports and ONUs. This significantly increases the maintenance costs of numerous PON networks.

[0004] In related technologies, additional detection optical signals are typically added to the OLT or ONU, and the optical splitter or branch fiber in the ODN network is modified to identify the correspondence between the branch port and the ONU by reflecting signals of different optical wavelengths or optical pulse sequences. This requires adding optical transmitting and receiving devices to the OLT and ONU equipment or optical modules, which increases the cost of the equipment at both ends and makes it incompatible with a large number of existing ONU equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method for identifying branch ports in an optical distribution network and an optical distribution network, to at least solve the problem in related technologies where the connection relationship between each branch port of the optical splitter in the ODN and the ONU is unclear, making it impossible to determine the topological connection relationship of the ODN network.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an optical distribution network (ODN) branch port identification method is provided, comprising: splitting a first uplink optical signal transmitted by an optical network unit (ONU) connected to an ODN branch port to obtain multiple second uplink optical signals; superimposing the second uplink optical signals that have undergone signal delay and correspond to the same ODN branch port to obtain a superimposed uplink optical signal corresponding to the ODN branch port, so as to identify different ODN branch ports according to the signal changes corresponding to each superimposed uplink optical signal.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, when two optical splitters are present, signal delay is applied to the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths, including: setting the same splitting ratio for the second-stage optical splitter corresponding to the same first-stage optical splitter, setting different splitting ratios for the second-stage optical splitters corresponding to different first-stage optical splitters, and setting different signal delay values ​​for the ODN branch ports corresponding to the same first-stage optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signals transmitted in different transmission paths have different degrees of signal delay.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, when two-stage optical splitters are present, signal delay is applied to the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths, including: setting a first grating structure at the input port of the second-stage optical splitter and setting a second grating structure at the output port of the second-stage optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signal transmitted in different transmission paths has different degrees of signal delay, wherein the reflectivity of the first grating structure and the second grating structure are different.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, when two-stage optical splitters are present, signal delay is applied to the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths, including: setting multipath delay superposition modules at the branch ports of the first-stage optical splitter and the branch ports of the second-stage optical splitter, wherein the splitting ratio or reflectivity of each multipath delay superposition module corresponding to the first-stage optical splitter is set differently, while the signal delay difference or optical path difference is set the same; or, the signal delay difference or optical path difference of each multipath delay superposition module corresponding to the first-stage optical splitter is set differently, while the splitting ratio or reflectivity is set the same.

[0010] According to another embodiment of the present invention, an optical distribution network (ODN) is provided, comprising: a splitting module for splitting a first uplink optical signal transmitted by an optical network unit (ONU) connected to an ODN branch port to obtain multiple second uplink optical signals; and an identification module for superimposing the second uplink optical signals that have undergone signal delay and correspond to the same ODN branch port to obtain a superimposed uplink optical signal corresponding to the ODN branch port, so as to identify different ODN branch ports according to the signal changes corresponding to each superimposed uplink optical signal.

[0011] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0012] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0013] Through the embodiments of the present invention, since the first uplink optical signal will experience different degrees of signal delay after being split and transmitted through different transmission paths, the superimposed uplink optical signal obtained by superimposing the second uplink optical signal corresponding to the same ODN branch port will have signal changes. Because the signal delay difference between each first uplink optical signal is different, the signal changes corresponding to different superimposed uplink optical signals are different, thus allowing the ODN to be identified based on these different signal changes. Therefore, the problem of unclear connection relationships between the branch ports of the optical splitter and the ONU in the ODN, making it impossible to determine the topological connection relationship of the ODN network, can be solved, achieving a visualized ODN network effect. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal for implementing the optical distribution network (ODN) branch port identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an optical distribution network (ODN) branch port identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of an optical distribution network (ODN) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an optical distribution network (ODN) branch port identification device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5This is a flowchart of a passive optical network branch port identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of multipath transmission and superposition of uplink optical signals based on an optical splitter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a multipath superimposed branch port with different splitting ratios according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a simulation diagram of signal changes based on different splitting ratios according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a multipath branch port with different time delays according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 This is a simulation diagram of the signal change when τ is 1.2T according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 This is a simulation diagram of the signal change when τ is 1.4T according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 12 This is a simulation diagram of the signal change when τ is 1.6T according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 13 This is a simulation diagram of the signal change when τ is 1.8T according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-path branch port including multi-stage beam splitting according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of multipath transmission and superposition of uplink optical signals based on a grating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 16 R is according to an embodiment of the present invention L Simulation diagram of signal change when the value is 0.02;

[0030] Figure 17 R is according to an embodiment of the present invention L Simulation diagram of signal change when the value is 0.06;

[0031] Figure 18 This is a simulation diagram of the signal change when the grating length is 12mm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 19 This is a simulation diagram of the signal change when the grating length is 16mm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-path branch port including multi-stage beam splitting according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-path branch port including multi-stage beam splitting according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of multipath transmission and superposition of uplink optical signals based on a micro-resonant ring structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0038] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device. Taking running on a computer terminal as an example, Figure 1 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a computer terminal that implements the optical distribution network (ODN) branch port identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, a computer terminal may include one or more ( Figure 1 Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 102 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor or a programmable gate array (FPGA) or similar processing device) and a memory 104 for storing data are also shown. The computer terminal may further include a transmission device 106 for communication functions and an input / output device 108. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 1 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the computer terminal described above. For example, the computer terminal may also include components that are more complex than those described above. Figure 1 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 1 The different configurations shown.

[0039] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the optical distribution network (ODN) branch port identification method in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to a computer terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0040] The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider for the computer terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 106 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0041] This embodiment provides a method for identifying branch ports of an optical distribution network (ODN) running on the aforementioned computer terminal. Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an optical distribution network (ODN) branch port identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0042] Step S202: The first uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical network unit (ONU) connected to the ODN branch port is split to obtain multiple second uplink optical signals.

[0043] Step S204: The second uplink optical signals that have undergone signal delay and correspond to the same ODN branch port are superimposed to obtain a superimposed uplink optical signal corresponding to the ODN branch port, so as to identify different ODN branch ports according to the signal changes corresponding to each superimposed uplink optical signal.

[0044] In step S202 of this embodiment, the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical network unit (ONU) connected to the ODN branch port is split, including one of the following: at any ODN branch port, the first uplink optical signal is split into two second uplink optical signals with signal delay difference by means of an optical splitter or directional coupler; at any ODN branch port, the first uplink optical signal is partially reflected by a plurality of grating structures to obtain a second uplink optical signal that is directly transmitted and a second uplink optical signal that is reflected and then transmitted; at any ODN branch port, the first uplink optical signal is partially reflected by a plurality of reflection structures to obtain a second uplink optical signal that is directly transmitted and a second uplink optical signal that is reflected and then transmitted; at any ODN branch port, the first uplink optical signal is path-separated by a micro-ring resonator to form a second uplink optical signal with a straight-through port and a second uplink optical signal with a multiplexed port.

[0045] In one exemplary embodiment, the first uplink optical signal is split into multiple second uplink optical signals by a plurality of grating structures, reflective structures or microring resonators, i.e., not limited to two second uplink optical signals, wherein there is a signal delay between each second uplink optical signal.

[0046] In an exemplary embodiment, after splitting the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical network unit (ONU) connected to the ODN branch port, the method further includes: transmitting the multiple second uplink optical signals through different transmission paths, and delaying the second uplink optical signals in the different transmission paths.

[0047] In step S202 of this embodiment, signal delay is applied to the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths, including one of the following: by embedding optical waveguides of different lengths in the transmission paths, different degrees of signal delay are generated in the second uplink optical signals transmitted in the different transmission paths; by adjusting the reflectivity of the end face of the grating structure or the length of the grating structure, different degrees of signal delay are generated in the second uplink optical signals transmitted in the different transmission paths; by adjusting the reflectivity of the reflective structure, different degrees of signal delay are generated in the second uplink optical signals transmitted in the different transmission paths; by adjusting the resonant cavity radius or resonant cavity length of the micro-ring resonator, different degrees of signal delay are generated in the second uplink optical signals transmitted in the different transmission paths.

[0048] In step S202 of this embodiment, when there are two-stage optical splitters, the signal delay of the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths includes: setting the same splitting ratio for the second-stage optical splitters corresponding to the same first-stage optical splitter, setting different splitting ratios for the second-stage optical splitters corresponding to different first-stage optical splitters, and setting different signal delay values ​​for the ODN branch ports corresponding to the same first-stage optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signals transmitted in different transmission paths have different degrees of signal delay.

[0049] In step S202 of this embodiment, when there are two-stage optical splitters, the signal delay of the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths includes: setting a first grating structure at the input port of the second-stage optical splitter and setting a second grating structure at the output port of the second-stage optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signals transmitted in different transmission paths have different degrees of signal delay, wherein the reflectivity of the first grating structure and the second grating structure are different.

[0050] In one exemplary embodiment, the second-stage optical splitters corresponding to the same first-stage optical splitter correspond to the same first-stage optical splitter structure; each second-stage optical splitter corresponds to a different second-stage optical splitter structure.

[0051] In an exemplary embodiment, when two-stage optical splitters are present, signal delay is applied to the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths, including: setting multipath delay superposition modules at the branch ports of the first-stage optical splitter and the branch ports of the second-stage optical splitter, wherein the splitting ratio or reflectivity of each multipath delay superposition module corresponding to the first-stage optical splitter is set differently, while the signal delay difference or optical path difference is set the same; or, the signal delay difference or optical path difference of each multipath delay superposition module corresponding to the first-stage optical splitter is set differently, while the splitting ratio or reflectivity is set the same.

[0052] In step S204 of this embodiment, the second uplink optical signals corresponding to the same ODN branch port are superimposed, including one of the following: combining the different paths mentioned above through the optical splitter or the directional coupler, and superimposing the second uplink optical signals corresponding to the same ODN branch port; superimposing the directly transmitted second uplink optical signal and the reflected and retransmitted second uplink optical signal through the grating structure or the reflection structure; and superimposing the second uplink optical signal of the through port and the second uplink optical signal of the multiplexed port by multiplexing the microring resonator.

[0053] In an exemplary embodiment, the signal change includes at least one of the following: top modulation amplitude, top modulation waveform, received signal eye diagram, top modulation eye diagram, and the amount of delay of the top modulation signal relative to the data signal.

[0054] Through the above steps, since the first uplink optical signal will experience different degrees of signal delay after being split and transmitted through different paths, the superimposed uplink optical signal obtained by superimposing the second uplink optical signal corresponding to the same ODN branch port will exhibit signal changes. Because the signal delay differences between the various first uplink optical signals are different, the signal changes corresponding to different superimposed uplink optical signals are different, thus allowing the ODN to be identified based on these different signal changes. Therefore, this solves the problem of unclear connection relationships between the branch ports of the optical splitter and the ONU in the ODN, making it impossible to determine the topological connection relationships of the ODN network, and achieving a visualized ODN network effect.

[0055] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as read-only memory / random access memory (ROM / RAM), magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0056] This embodiment also provides an optical distribution network (ODN) for implementing the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0057] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of an optical distribution network (ODN) according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the ODN includes a branching module 10 and an identification module 20.

[0058] Splitting module 10 is used to split the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical network unit (ONU) connected to the ODN branch port to obtain multiple second uplink optical signals.

[0059] The identification module 20 is used to superimpose the second uplink optical signals that have undergone signal delay and correspond to the same ODN branch port to obtain a superimposed uplink optical signal corresponding to the ODN branch port, so as to identify different ODN branch ports according to the signal change corresponding to each superimposed uplink optical signal.

[0060] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an optical distribution network (ODN) branch port identification device according to another embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the device includes, in addition to Figure 3 In addition to all the modules shown, in the case of a two-stage optical splitter, the splitter module 10 also includes:

[0061] The first setting unit 11 is used to set the same splitting ratio for the second-level optical splitter corresponding to the same first-level optical splitter, set different splitting ratios for the second-level optical splitters corresponding to different first-level optical splitters, and set different signal delay values ​​for the ODN branch ports corresponding to the same first-level optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signals transmitted on different transmission paths will have different degrees of signal delay.

[0062] The second setting unit 12 is used to set a first grating structure at the input port of the second-stage optical splitter and a second grating structure at the output port of the second-stage optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signals transmitted through different transmission paths have different degrees of signal delay, wherein the reflectivity of the first grating structure and the second grating structure are different.

[0063] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to: all the above modules are located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0064] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided by this invention, detailed descriptions will be given below in conjunction with specific scenario embodiments.

[0065] This invention proposes a method for identifying branch ports in a passive optical network (ODN). Implementing this method requires no changes to existing ONU devices and optical modules, and eliminates the need to add a detection light source on the OLT side. While maintaining its passive characteristics, the ODN splitter can also identify ODN network branch ports and determine the connection relationship between branch ports and ONUs, thus enabling visualization of the ODN network. Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a passive optical network branch port identification method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0066] In step S502, the ODN performs multipath superposition on the uplink optical signals transmitted by the ONUs connected to different branch ports, resulting in different changes to the uplink optical signals.

[0067] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of multipath transmission and superposition of uplink optical signals based on an optical splitter according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, in any branch port, multipath overlay refers to splitting the uplink optical signal to generate multiple transmission paths, and then combining and overlaying the optical signals from the multiple transmission paths. Each transmission path will produce a different optical signal delay for the uplink optical signal.

[0068] In this embodiment, the uplink optical signal is split to generate multiple transmission paths, including but not limited to: using a beam splitter or directional coupler to split the uplink optical signal into multiple signals; using two or more grating structures to partially reflect the uplink optical signal to form multiple signals such as directly transmitted light and reflected light and then transmitted light; using two or more reflection structures (e.g., coating the input and output ends of a beam splitter with reflective films) to partially reflect the uplink optical signal to form multiple signals such as directly transmitted light and reflected light and then transmitted light; using devices such as microring resonators to separate the uplink optical signal path to form multiple signals such as through ports and drop ports.

[0069] In this embodiment, the optical signal delay is caused by optical path differences on multiple transmission paths, including but not limited to: optical waveguide delay lines, phase delay devices, optical path differences between gratings or between mirrors, and the resonant cavity length of the microring resonator.

[0070] In this embodiment, optical signal combining and superimposing is the reverse process of uplink optical signal splitting, including but not limited to: combining by a beam splitter or directional coupler, overlapping of transmitted light and reflected light by a grating or mirror, and multiplexing of microring resonators.

[0071] In this embodiment, the uplink optical signal change includes one or more of the following combinations: uplink optical signal amplitude change or optical signal intensity change corresponding to 1 signal or 0 signal, uplink optical signal eye diagram change, top modulation amplitude change, top modulation waveform change, received signal eye diagram change, top modulation eye diagram change, the delay of the top modulation signal compared to the data signal, and generating a top modulation signal with the same frequency as the signal light for the uplink optical signal.

[0072] The changes in the uplink optical signal include, but are not limited to, differences in the amplitude or intensity of the uplink optical signal corresponding to a 1 or 0 signal, differences in the eye diagram of the uplink optical signal, differences in the phase delay of the top-modulated signal generated by the uplink optical signal at the same frequency as the signal light compared to the signal light, differences in data delay, differences in extinction ratio, or one or more of these characteristics.

[0073] In this embodiment, when the uplink optical signal change is achieved by combining multiple features, the modification to the original ODN can be reduced by combining multiple features, thereby reducing the transmission cost introduced by multi-path superposition; the sameness of two-stage or multi-stage optical splitters can also be ensured by combining multiple features.

[0074] In this embodiment, the multipath overlay can be located at any position of the ODN splitter or branch fiber.

[0075] In step S504, the OLT receives the uplink optical signal and identifies different changes in the uplink optical signal to determine the connection relationship between the ONU that transmits the uplink optical signal and the branch port.

[0076] The following is a method for identifying branch ports in a passive optical network in a specific implementation scenario.

[0077] The specific implementation method of uplink optical signal multipath superposition is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the uplink optical signal is split into path 1 and path 2 by an optical splitter. Path 1 and path 2 produce different phase delays for the split uplink optical signal. Then, the uplink optical signal is generated by an optical combiner to produce a multi-path superimposed uplink optical signal.

[0078] Specifically, optical splitters and optical combiners can be implemented using optical fiber splitters, optical waveguide splitters, or directional couplers, etc. The optical signal delays in path 1 and path 2 can be achieved by using two optical fibers or optical waveguides of different lengths, or by embedding phase delay devices in one or both paths.

[0079] In this embodiment, the multi-path delay and superposition processing position can be located at any position of the branch port of the optical splitter or the branch optical fiber.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] To distinguish the correspondence between different branch ports and ONUs, different multipath superposition changes need to be made to the uplink optical signal. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a multipath superimposed branch port with different splitting ratios according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the optical splitters and optical combiners in different branch ports are set to different splitting ratios, so that the splitting ratios of the uplink optical signals corresponding to different branch ports are different. However, the optical splitters and optical combiners in the same branch port have the same splitting ratio.

[0082] For example, taking a 1:4 optical splitter as an example, the splitting ratio of the optical splitter and optical combiner corresponding to branch port 1 (i.e., the splitting ratio of the straight-through port and the delayed port) is 0.95:0.05, the splitting ratio of the optical splitter and optical combiner corresponding to branch port 2 is 0.9:0.1, the splitting ratio of the optical splitter and optical combiner corresponding to branch port 3 is 0.85:0.15, and the splitting ratio of the optical splitter and optical combiner corresponding to branch port 4 is 0.80:0.20.

[0083] The principle behind the alteration of the received uplink optical signal by each branch port through multipath superposition is as follows:

[0084] In any branch port, assuming the splitting ratio of both the optical splitter and the optical combiner is R, the uplink optical signal input to the optical splitter is... Input uplink optical signal strength I s =A s (t) 2 The optical path delay difference and phase difference between path 1 and path 2 are τ and τ, respectively. After being split by an optical splitter, path 1 and path 2 are delayed differently, and then combined by an optical combiner, the resulting multipath superimposed uplink optical signal strength I is obtained. c As shown in formula (1):

[0085]

[0086] Assumption: Figure 7 The optical signal delay difference τ introduced by path 1 and path 2 is 3T (where one period T is one bit symbol in the uplink optical signal), and the optical signal intensity I corresponding to the initial input uplink optical signal 1 and 0 is... s0 and I s1 like Figure 8 As shown in (a), the values ​​are 800uW and 50uW, respectively.

[0087] When the splitting ratio R of the optical splitter and optical combiner corresponding to each branch port takes values ​​of 0.95:0.05, 0.90:0.10, and 0.85:0.15 respectively, the resulting multipath superimposed uplink optical signal strength I is... c like Figure 8 (b) Figure 8 (c) Figure 8 As shown in (d).

[0088] Depend on Figure 8 (a)~ Figure 8 As can be seen in (d), using multipath superposition with different splitting ratios resulted in different changes in the uplink optical signal. For example, the intensity of the multipath superimposed uplink optical signal produced top modulation signals ΔI1 with different amplitudes, or different ratios of top modulation amplitude to signal modulation amplitude ΔI1 / ΔI.C wait.

[0089] In an exemplary embodiment, the variation range of the value of R can be adjusted according to the splitting ratio. For example, when there are many branch ports, it can be adjusted to 0.98:0.02, 0.96:0.04, and so on. Alternatively, R can also be taken as 49, 47, 45, etc., depending on the feasibility of the splitter.

[0090] The above embodiment, in which the splitting ratio R of the optical splitter and optical combiner is equal, is one embodiment of the present invention. However, in actual implementation, the splitting ratio R of the optical splitter and optical combiner corresponding to the same branch port may not be equal. This can lead to more subtle differences in the multipath superposition changes of the uplink optical signal. If the splitting ratio is large, different combinations of splitting ratios for the optical splitter and optical combiner can be introduced, but this presents a greater challenge to the uplink optical signal receiver and the subsequent data signal processing.

[0091] In one exemplary embodiment, the multiplexing delay and superposition module can be integrated with the optical splitter into a single chip, or it can be a discrete chip connected via fiber optic fusion splicing or spatial optical coupling. The multiplexing delay and superposition module is not limited to PLC-type optical waveguide devices; it can also be implemented using methods such as fiber optic fusion tapering.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a multipath branch port with different time delays according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the first embodiment above, if the number of branch fibers is large, it is necessary to make more subtle divisions of the splitting ratio changes, or to further reduce the splitting ratio to 0.5:0.5. The former places extremely high demands on the signal processing module at the receiving end, while the latter introduces significant losses to the through signal transmission port. In this embodiment, generating different multipath superpositions for the uplink optical signal can be achieved by generating different time delays for the multipaths, for example, as... Figure 9 As shown, the multipath delay difference τ at different branch ports is 1.2T, 1.4T, 1.6T, 1.8T, etc. (where one period T is one bit symbol in the uplink optical signal).

[0094] Figures 10 to 13 This is a simulation diagram showing the signal change under the scenario where the splitting ratio R is kept constant at 0.9:0.1 while the time delay is varied. Figure 10 This is a simulation diagram when τ is 1.2T. Figure 11 This is a simulation diagram when τ is 1.4T. Figure 12 This is a simulation diagram when τ is 1.6T. Figure 13 This is a simulation diagram when τ is 1.8T.

[0095] Through observation Figures 10 to 13 It can be observed that when the multipath delay difference τ is not the same at different branch ports, the top modulation waveform and eye diagram of the multipath delay superimposed signal obtained on the receiving side will differ. For example, the amplitude changes of each bit in the 1 level of the top modulation signal are different, and the position differences between the crossover point of the top modulation eye diagram and the crossover point of the data signal eye diagram are also different. Obviously, after extracting these changes from the signal on the receiving side, the specific branch port through which the received uplink optical signal passes can be deduced, thereby determining the connection relationship between the ONU that sent the uplink optical signal and the branch port.

[0096] In an exemplary embodiment, the delay difference may not be an equal interval, and the delay difference interval may be an integer multiple of T or nT. The number of delay differences can be increased sequentially according to the number of branch ports. When a multipath superposition method is adopted, where the delay difference interval can also be an integer multiple of T or nT, the top modulation signal eye diagram of the received signal will not differ. However, the receiving side can obtain the eye diagram by comparing and analyzing the decoded top signal with the decoded data signal. When the number of branch ports increases, only the data buffer for comparison needs to be increased on the receiving side.

[0097] Example 3

[0098] In scenarios involving multi-stage beam splitting, in Examples 1 and 2, if the beam splitting ratio needs to be adjusted, the beam splitting ratio adjustment and delay difference adjustment need to be increased, which will cause problems in device implementation.

[0099] In this embodiment, the number of parameters that can be adjusted can be reduced by combining Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-path branch port including multi-stage beam splitting according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 14 As shown, taking 1:4 first-order spectral splitting and 1:4 second-order spectral splitting as examples:

[0100] In the two-stage beam splitting, the first two-stage 1:4 beam splitter uses a splitting ratio R1 with delay differences τ1, τ2, τ3, and τ4; the second two-stage 1:4 beam splitter uses a splitting ratio R2 with delay differences τ1, τ2, τ3, and τ4; the third two-stage 1:4 beam splitter uses a splitting ratio R3 with delay differences τ1, τ2, τ3, and τ4; and the fourth two-stage 1:4 beam splitter uses a splitting ratio R4 with delay differences τ1, τ2, τ3, and τ4.

[0101] In this embodiment, the splitting ratio of the first-stage and second-stage optical fibers is only 1:4 as an example. In actual use, splitting ratios of 1:8, 1:16, etc., are not limited, and the splitting ratio and delay difference can be adjusted accordingly. Using the method described in this embodiment, different multipath superposition signal changes can be obtained at different branch ports 1 to 16, thereby determining the connection relationship between the ONU and the second-stage and first-stage branch optical fibers.

[0102] Example 4

[0103] In any branch port, multiple transmission paths can be generated by splitting the uplink optical signal. A grating device can also be used, comprising two or more grating structures. These grating structures partially reflect the uplink optical signal, creating multiple signals, including directly transmitted light and reflected light that is then transmitted again. The uplink optical signal directly transmitted through the grating structure is combined with the uplink optical signal that has undergone multiple reflections before being transmitted again. The optical path between two grating structures introduces a delay in the optical signal, which is the signal delay difference introduced by the multipath.

[0104] In this embodiment, the multipath delay superposition module can be smaller than that in the above embodiments, making the device more compact. Furthermore, the multipath delay superposition module can also be fabricated into a connector device using fiber Bragg gratings and installed at the end of a conventional optical splitter or branch fiber, without requiring changes to the existing optical splitter and branch fiber types, thus facilitating construction and maintenance.

[0105] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of multipath transmission and superposition of uplink optical signals based on a grating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 15 As shown, the grating device includes grating structure 1 and grating structure 2.

[0106] Specifically, grating structure 1 and grating structure 2 can be the left and right reflective end faces of a grating, and the two reflective end faces use different reflectivities R. L and R R Different uplink optical signal multipath delay superposition changes can be obtained. Figure 16 and Figure 17 This is a simulation diagram of signal changes based on grating structures with different reflectivities according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0107] For example, such as Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the grating length d is taken as a fixed value, and the reflectivity R of the right end face of the grating is kept constant. R =0.1 remains unchanged, adjust the reflectivity R of the left end face of the grating. L From 0.02 to 0.06, compare Figure 16 and Figure 17 It can be seen that the top modulation amplitude and the top modulation eye diagram extinction ratio of the uplink multipath delay superposition signal increase, but the crossover point position remains unchanged. Therefore, by analyzing the different changes in the received uplink multipath delay superposition signal, the connection relationship between the ONU and the connected branch port can be obtained.

[0108] When the end face reflectivity is fixed, different grating lengths d will produce different signal changes for the uplink multipath delay superimposed optical signal. For example, when the reflectivity R of the right end face of the grating is fixed... R =0.1 and the reflectivity R of the left end face of the grating L=0.1, by adjusting the grating length d from 12mm to 16mm, we can obtain Figure 18 and Figure 19 The simulation diagram in the image is compared with the one in the image. Figure 18 and Figure 19 It can be observed that both the top modulation waveform and the eye diagram have produced differences.

[0109] In one exemplary embodiment, the combined reflectivity R can be designed... L The difference between two parameters, length d and length d, is used to address the issue of increased splitting ratio. For example, parameter R is used at branch ports 1-8. L 1. R R 1. d1~d8; branch ports 9~16 adopt parameter R L 2. R R 2. d1~d8; branch ports 17~24 adopt parameter R L 3. R R 3. d1~d8; branch ports 17~32 adopt parameter R L 4. R R 4. d1~d8.

[0110] Method Example 5:

[0111] The grating structure 1 and grating structure 2 in the grating device can also be two independent gratings or reflective structures with different reflectivities: R_1 and R_2, respectively set at the input and output ports of the second-stage beam splitter for use in second-stage beam splitting. By adjusting the length of the branch fiber of the beam splitter, different delay differences can be obtained, resulting in different changes in the uplink multipath delay superposition signal.

[0112] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a multipath branch port including multi-stage beam splitting according to another embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 20 As shown, taking 1:4 first-order spectral splitting and 1:4 second-order spectral splitting as examples:

[0113] The emissivity R_1 at the input ports of the second-stage optical splitter is different for each branch, namely R_11, R_12, R_13, and R_14. The optical path difference introduced by different branch fibers of the second-stage optical splitter (i.e., the optical path difference between different transmission paths in each branch port) is different, namely d1, d2, d3, and d4. The reflectivity of the second grating / reflective structure at the output port of the second-stage optical splitter is the same, namely R_2. In this embodiment, the second-stage optical splitter itself is the same; only by installing gratings or reflective mirror structures with different reflectivities at the input ports can the different uplink multipath delay superposition signals introduced at different branch ports be changed.

[0114] In an exemplary embodiment, when the beam splitter is a single-stage beam splitter, the first grating / reflection structure can be disposed at the input port of the single-stage beam splitter, i.e., at the entrance of the trunk fiber.

[0115] Example 6

[0116] When the ODN network has a two-stage optical splitting architecture, there may be issues with the specifications of the multipath delay superposition modules in the second-stage optical splitter. In this embodiment, the consistency of the second-stage optical splitter can be ensured by combining Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2. For example... Figure 21 As shown, multipath delay superposition modules are set at both the first-level and second-level branch ports. The splitting ratio or reflectivity of the first-level multipath delay superposition module is set differently, while the signal delay difference or optical path difference is set the same. The signal delay difference or optical path difference of the second-level multipath delay superposition module is set differently, while the splitting ratio or reflectivity is set the same.

[0117] Example 7

[0118] In this embodiment, the multipath delay superposition module can be implemented using a micro-resonant ring structure, which can reduce device insertion loss compared to grating and mirror structures. Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of multipath transmission and superposition of uplink optical signals based on a micro-resonant ring structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 22 As shown, the multipath delay superposition module includes a micro-resonant ring 1 and a micro-resonant ring 2. The through port of resonant ring 1 and the through port of micro-resonant ring 2 are connected, and the drop port of resonant ring 1 and the drop port of micro-resonant ring 2 are connected. The common port COM of micro-resonant ring 1 is the uplink signal input port, and the common port COM of micro-resonant ring 2 is the output port of the uplink multipath superimposed signal. In this module, the optical signal of path 1 is the optical signal output from COM2 after coupling from COM1 through the through port of micro-resonant ring 1 and the through port of micro-resonant ring 2; the optical signal of path 2 is the optical signal output from COM1 through the drop port of micro-resonant ring 1, and then coupled through the drop port of micro-resonant ring 2 to the COM2 port; the two signals are superimposed at COM2 to output the multipath superimposed uplink optical signal.

[0119] In this embodiment, the amplitude variation of the top modulation signal of the multipath superimposed uplink optical signal can be achieved by adjusting the coupling ratio of the coupling regions of micro-resonant ring 1 and micro-resonant ring 2. The delay difference of the multipath signal can be changed by adjusting the radius / length of the micro-resonant cavity, thereby realizing the difference in the top modulation waveform and eye diagram crossover point of the multipath superimposed uplink optical signal. This allows the connection relationship between the ONU transmitting the currently received uplink optical signal and the specific branch port to be identified.

[0120] In embodiments one through seven, different multipath delay overlay modules are used to generate different changes in the multipath overlay uplink optical signal. These changes include, but are not limited to, changes in the top modulation amplitude, top modulation waveform, received signal eye diagram, and top modulation eye diagram. Specifically, by analyzing the aforementioned signal changes in the received uplink optical signal transmitted by the current receiving ONU, the connection relationship between the ONU transmitting the optical signal and the corresponding branch port can be deduced. Further, in this embodiment, the uplink receiving direction also includes a multipath overlay uplink optical signal analysis module and a branch port connection relationship determination module. The multipath overlay uplink optical signal analysis module analyzes the changes in the top modulation amplitude, top modulation waveform, received signal eye diagram, and top modulation eye diagram, and sends the change information to the branch port connection relationship determination module. The branch port connection relationship determination module determines the ODN branch port currently connected to the ONU based on the received multipath overlay uplink optical signal change information.

[0121] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0122] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0123] Embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor being configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0124] In one exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0125] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0126] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0127] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for identifying branch ports in an optical distribution network (ODN), characterized in that, include: The first uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical network unit (ONU) connected to the ODN branch port is split to obtain multiple second uplink optical signals; The second uplink optical signals that have undergone signal delay and correspond to the same ODN branch port are superimposed to obtain a superimposed uplink optical signal corresponding to the ODN branch port, so as to identify different ODN branch ports according to the signal change corresponding to each superimposed uplink optical signal. The signal change includes at least one of the following: top modulation amplitude, top modulation waveform, received signal eye diagram, top modulation eye diagram, and the delay of the top modulation signal relative to the data signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical network unit (ONU) connected to the ODN branch port is split, including one of the following: At any of the ODN branch ports, the first uplink optical signal is split into multiple second uplink optical signals by an optical splitter or directional coupler; at any of the ODN branch ports, the first uplink optical signal is partially reflected by multiple grating structures to obtain a second uplink optical signal that is directly transmitted and a second uplink optical signal that is reflected and then transmitted. At any of the ODN branch ports, the first uplink optical signal is partially reflected by multiple reflection structures to obtain a second uplink optical signal that is directly transmitted and a second uplink optical signal that is reflected and then transmitted. At any of the ODN branch ports, the first uplink optical signal is path-separated by a micro-ring resonator to form a second uplink optical signal with a straight-through port and a second uplink optical signal with a multiplexed port.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After splitting the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical network unit (ONU) connected to the ODN branch port, the method further includes: The multiple second uplink optical signals are transmitted through different transmission paths, and the second uplink optical signals in the different transmission paths are delayed.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths is delayed by one of the following: By embedding optical waveguides of different lengths in the transmission path, the second uplink optical signals transmitted in different transmission paths are subject to different degrees of signal delay. By adjusting the reflectivity of the end face of the grating structure or the length of the grating structure, different degrees of signal delay are generated in the second uplink optical signals transmitted through different transmission paths. By adjusting the reflectivity of the reflective structure, different degrees of signal delay are generated in the second uplink optical signals transmitted through different transmission paths. By adjusting the resonant cavity radius or resonant cavity length of the micro-ring resonator, different degrees of signal delay are generated in the second uplink optical signals transmitted through different transmission paths.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the presence of two-stage optical splitters, signal delay is applied to the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths, including: The second-stage optical splitters corresponding to the same first-stage optical splitter are set to the same splitting ratio, and the second-stage optical splitters corresponding to different first-stage optical splitters are set to different splitting ratios. The ODN branch ports corresponding to the same first-stage optical splitter are set to different signal delay values, so that the first uplink optical signals transmitted on different transmission paths have different degrees of signal delay.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the presence of two-stage optical splitters, signal delay is applied to the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths, including: A first grating structure is provided at the input port of the second-stage optical splitter, and a second grating structure is provided at the output port of the second-stage optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signal transmitted through different transmission paths will have different degrees of signal delay, wherein the reflectivity of the first grating structure and the second grating structure are different.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, in, The second-stage optical splitters corresponding to the same first-stage optical splitter have the same first grating structure; each second-stage optical splitter has a different second grating structure.

8. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the presence of two-stage optical splitters, signal delay is applied to the second uplink optical signal in the different transmission paths, including: Multipath delay superposition modules are provided at the branch ports of the first-stage beam splitter and the branch ports of the second-stage beam splitter. The splitting ratio or reflectivity of each multipath delay superposition module corresponding to the first-stage beam splitter is set differently, while the signal delay difference or optical path difference is set the same; or, the signal delay difference or optical path difference of each multipath delay superposition module corresponding to the first-stage beam splitter is set differently, while the splitting ratio or reflectivity is set the same.

9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Superimposing the second uplink optical signals corresponding to the same ODN branch port includes one of the following: The second uplink optical signals transmitted through different transmission paths are combined by the optical splitter or the directional coupler, so as to superimpose the second uplink optical signals corresponding to the same ODN branch port; The second uplink optical signal that is directly transmitted and the second uplink optical signal that is reflected and then transmitted are superimposed through the grating structure or the reflection structure. By multiplexing the microring resonator, the second uplink optical signal of the straight-through port and the second uplink optical signal of the multiplexed port are superimposed.

10. An optical distribution network (ODN), characterized in that, include: The splitting module is used to split the first uplink optical signal transmitted by the optical network unit (ONU) connected to the ODN branch port to obtain multiple second uplink optical signals. The identification module is used to superimpose the second uplink optical signals that have undergone signal delay and correspond to the same ODN branch port to obtain a superimposed uplink optical signal corresponding to the ODN branch port, so as to identify different ODN branch ports according to the signal change corresponding to each superimposed uplink optical signal. The signal change includes at least one of the following: top modulation amplitude, top modulation waveform, received signal eye diagram, top modulation eye diagram, and the delay of the top modulation signal relative to the data signal.

11. The optical distribution network according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the presence of two-stage optical splitters, the splitting module includes: The first setting unit is used to set the same splitting ratio for second-level optical splitters corresponding to the same first-level optical splitter, set different splitting ratios for second-level optical splitters corresponding to different first-level optical splitters, and set different signal delay values ​​for ODN branch ports corresponding to the same first-level optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signals transmitted on different transmission paths have different degrees of signal delay.

12. The optical distribution network according to claim 10, characterized in that, In the presence of two-stage optical splitters, the splitting module includes: The second setting unit is used to set a first grating structure at the input port of the second-stage optical splitter and a second grating structure at the output port of the second-stage optical splitter, so that the first uplink optical signals transmitted through different transmission paths have different degrees of signal delay, wherein the reflectivity of the first grating structure and the second grating structure are different.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

14. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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