Method and apparatus for controlling oxygen content in a fly ash low temperature detoxification process

Abstract

The application discloses a fly ash low-temperature detoxification process oxygen content control method and equipment, including feeding mechanism, detoxification reactor, discharge mechanism and control mechanism, feeding mechanism, discharge mechanism are fixedly arranged respectively, and the connecting positions of the detoxification reactor and the feeding mechanism, the discharge mechanism are provided with sealing mechanisms respectively. By setting at least two feeding sealing valves in the temporary storage bin, the two feeding sealing valves are not opened at the same time. So that the material seal can be formed in the process of inputting material, cooperating with the slightly positive pressure environment of the nitrogen atmosphere in the detoxification reactor, during the feeding process, when the feeding sealing valve is opened, the nitrogen will slightly diffuse outward, with the accumulation of time, the nitrogen will push out the small amount of air contained in the powder inside the temporary storage bin and the feeding bin from bottom to top, ensuring that the oxygen content in the detoxification reactor is stably at a low level, which can effectively ensure the subsequent detoxification treatment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fly ash treatment technology, specifically to a method and equipment for controlling oxygen content during low-temperature detoxification of fly ash. Background Technology

[0002] Incineration of municipal solid waste and coal combustion produce large amounts of fly ash. If not treated, dioxins and chlorobenzene compounds in fly ash can pollute the environment. Some of these chemicals are harmful to organisms and humans. Therefore, research on the treatment and utilization of fly ash is particularly important.

[0003] The low-temperature pyrolysis process of dioxins typically involves heat treatment of fly ash at temperatures below 500°C under anaerobic or oxygen-deficient conditions. During this process, dioxins are adsorbed and desorbed onto the fly ash surface, while a series of physicochemical changes occur, such as pollutant desorption, dechlorination degradation, oxidative ring-opening degradation, de novo synthesis, precursor synthesis, and chlorination reactions.

[0004] To ensure the effectiveness of fly ash detoxification, it is necessary to maintain the optimal reaction conditions, specifically monitoring and controlling the oxygen content within the reaction vessel to maintain a standard low level. This ensures the effectiveness of the low-temperature detoxification reaction. However, existing treatment equipment and processes struggle to provide effective and precise control over the treatment system, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of fly ash purification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is that existing processing equipment and processes are difficult to effectively and accurately control the processing system, resulting in a decrease in the effectiveness of fly ash purification.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A low-temperature fly ash detoxification device includes:

[0008] The feeding mechanism includes a funnel-shaped feeding bin, the lower end of which is fixedly and sealed to a temporary storage bin. At least two feeding sealing valves are provided in the temporary storage bin. The two feeding sealing valves are not opened at the same time, and the space below each feeding sealing valve forms a temporary storage chamber.

[0009] A detoxification reactor is rotatably mounted on a supporting structure and driven to rotate by a drive assembly. The reactor contains a spiral-structured guide plate connected to a power source. The reactor is divided into multiple sections, each externally equipped with a heating mechanism to form a preheating chamber, a heating chamber, and a heat-insulating chamber. The reactor is also connected to a nitrogen generator, which introduces nitrogen gas into the reactor to replace the air inside, creating an oxygen-deficient environment.

[0010] The discharge mechanism is used to discharge solid materials. At least two discharge sealing valves are installed in the discharge hopper. Two exhaust pipes are installed on the side of the discharge hopper. One end of the exhaust pipe is located at the position of the corresponding discharge sealing valve and communicates with the internal space of the discharge hopper. The other end is equipped with a control valve.

[0011] The control mechanism includes a processor, a temperature sensor, and a pressure sensor. The processor is connected to the feeding mechanism, the discharging mechanism, the temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor, and is used to control the operation of the entire device.

[0012] In one aspect of the present invention: the connection positions of the detoxification reactor and the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism are respectively provided with a sealing mechanism. The sealing mechanism is used to ensure the sealing performance of the connection position. The sealing mechanism includes a connecting shell and a sealing sleeve. The sealing sleeve is locked externally by a locking structure.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention: the locking structure includes a fixing seat and a graphite sealing ring. The fixing seat is fixedly connected to the connecting housing. The graphite sealing ring is located between the fixing seat and the sealing sleeve. A locking member is threaded onto the fixing seat. The locking member abuts against the outer side of the graphite sealing ring, so that the graphite sealing ring is in close contact with the sealing sleeve. A side pressure plate is provided on the side of the graphite sealing ring away from the connecting housing. The side pressure plate is connected to the fixing seat through the locking member, so that the graphite sealing ring is tightly fitted against the side of the connecting housing.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heating mechanism is a resistance wire or an electromagnetic heating device.

[0015] A method for controlling oxygen content during low-temperature detoxification of fly ash based on the above-mentioned equipment includes the following steps:

[0016] Inspect the overall appearance of the equipment to ensure it is properly sealed;

[0017] Prepare the materials to be processed and place them in the feed hopper;

[0018] When the equipment is started, during the preheating stage of the detoxification reactor, the air inside the detoxification reactor is extracted, and nitrogen is introduced into the detoxification reactor at the same time. The air is replaced by nitrogen to create an oxygen-deficient environment inside the detoxification reactor.

[0019] The oxygen content of the detoxification reactor is detected at the outlet. When the oxygen content is lower than 1%, the detoxification reactor stops venting and nitrogen continues to be introduced to keep the gas pressure inside the detoxification reactor in a slightly positive state. Then, the gas supply efficiency of the nitrogen generator is controlled by the processor to keep the gas pressure inside the detoxification reactor in a slightly positive state.

[0020] In the feeding mechanism, the upper feed sealing valve opens, and the material in the feed hopper enters between the two feed sealing valves. After the upper temporary storage chamber is filled, the upper feed sealing valve closes, and then the lower feed sealing valve opens, allowing the material in the upper temporary storage chamber to fall into the lower temporary storage chamber. After all the material in the upper temporary storage chamber has entered the lower temporary storage chamber, the lower feed sealing valve closes, and then the upper feed sealing valve opens again to feed material into the upper temporary storage chamber. At the same time, the material in the lower temporary storage chamber is laterally conveyed to the detoxification reactor via the conveying structure. This process is repeated until sufficient material is fed into the detoxification reactor.

[0021] The fed materials undergo detoxification treatment and are discharged after treatment is completed.

[0022] In one aspect of the present invention, the purity of the nitrogen gas introduced into the detoxification reactor is above 99.99%.

[0023] In one aspect of the present invention, the range of the micro-positive pressure is 0-500 Pa.

[0024] In one aspect of the present invention: during the detoxification treatment of dioxin-like pollutants in fly ash, the temperature inside the detoxification reactor is controlled at 350-500℃, the oxygen content inside the detoxification reactor is less than 1%, and the residence time of the fly ash material inside the detoxification reactor is 60-90 minutes.

[0025] The method and equipment for controlling oxygen content during low-temperature detoxification of fly ash according to the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0026] By installing at least two feed sealing valves within the temporary storage chamber, which do not open simultaneously, a material seal is formed during material input. Combined with the slightly positive pressure environment of nitrogen atmosphere inside the detoxification reactor, nitrogen diffuses slightly outwards when the feed sealing valves open. Over time, this nitrogen displaces small amounts of air contained within the powder in the temporary storage chamber and feed chamber, ensuring a stable low oxygen level within the detoxification reactor and effectively guaranteeing the subsequent detoxification treatment effect.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the processing equipment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the closure mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0033] 1. Feeding mechanism; 2. Detoxification reactor; 3. Discharge mechanism; 4. Connecting shell; 5. Feeding hopper; 6. Temporary storage hopper; 7. Feeding sealing valve; 8. Air inlet; 9. Conveying structure; 10. Sealing sleeve; 11. Fixing seat; 12. Graphite sealing ring; 13. Limiting block; 14. Locking component; 15. Side pressure plate; 16. Heating mechanism; 17. Support structure; 18. Guide plate; 19. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "more than" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0037] Please see Figure 1-3 This invention relates to a low-temperature fly ash detoxification device, comprising a feeding mechanism 1, a detoxification reactor 2, a discharging mechanism 3, and a control mechanism. The feeding mechanism 1 and the discharging mechanism 3 are fixedly installed, while the detoxification reactor 2 can be movably installed via structural supports to serve as a reaction vessel. Sealing mechanisms are provided at the connection points between the detoxification reactor 2 and the feeding mechanism 1 and discharging mechanism 3 to ensure sealing performance at the connection points, thereby maintaining a positive pressure environment within the detoxification reactor 2. A connecting shell 4 can be installed at the outlet of the discharging mechanism 3, into which the detoxification reactor 2 rotatably extends. The sealing mechanism is located at the connection point between the detoxification reactor 2 and the connecting shell 4. The sealing structure between the discharging mechanism 3 and the detoxification reactor 2 follows the same principle.

[0038] Please see Figure 1-3In one embodiment of the present invention, the feeding mechanism 1 includes a feeding bin 5, which may be configured in a funnel shape. A temporary storage bin 6 is fixedly and sealed to the lower end of the feeding bin 5. At least two feeding sealing valves 7 are provided in the temporary storage bin 6, and the two feeding sealing valves 7 are not opened at the same time. The space below each feeding sealing valve 7 forms a temporary storage chamber. Under normal conditions, both feed sealing valves 7 are closed. When feeding is required, the upper feed sealing valve 7 opens, and the material in the feed hopper 5 enters between the two feed sealing valves 7. After the upper temporary storage chamber (the space between the two sealing valves) is filled, the upper feed sealing valve 7 closes, and then the lower feed sealing valve 7 opens, allowing the material in the upper temporary storage chamber to fall into the lower temporary storage chamber. After all the material in the upper temporary storage chamber has entered the lower temporary storage chamber, the lower feed sealing valve 7 closes, and then the upper feed sealing valve 7 opens again to feed into the upper temporary storage chamber. At the same time, the material in the lower temporary storage chamber is laterally conveyed to the detoxification reactor 2 via the conveying structure 9. During this process, when the upper feed sealing valve 7 is opened, the presence of material in the feed hopper 5 acts as a seal, while the lower feed sealing valve 7 remains closed. When the lower feed sealing valve 7 is opened, the presence of material in the upper temporary storage chamber acts as a seal, and the upper feed sealing valve 7 remains closed. This effectively prevents external air from entering the detoxification reactor 2. Furthermore, because the detoxification reactor 2 is in a slightly positive pressure environment with nitrogen atmosphere, during the feeding process, when the feed sealing valve 7 is opened, nitrogen will diffuse slightly outward. Over time, the nitrogen will displace the small amount of air contained in the powder inside the temporary storage chamber 6 and feed hopper 5 from bottom to top (lower temporary storage chamber, upper temporary storage chamber, feed hopper 5), ensuring that the oxygen content inside the detoxification reactor 2 remains at a stable low level, ultimately ensuring the effective detoxification treatment. Similarly, the discharge mechanism 3, which discharges solid materials, is equipped with at least two discharge sealing valves to ensure the sealing of the discharge port and prevent air from entering the detoxification reactor 2. Simultaneously, two exhaust pipes are installed on the side of the discharge hopper. One end of each exhaust pipe is located at the corresponding discharge sealing valve and communicates with the internal space of the discharge hopper; the other end is equipped with a control valve. These exhaust pipes are used to discharge gases from the detoxification reactor 2 when necessary.

[0039] Please see Figure 1-3In another embodiment, multiple air inlets 8 are provided on the side wall of the feed hopper 5 for supplying nitrogen. In use, firstly, nitrogen is introduced to replace the air inside the feed chamber (the space above the upper feed sealing valve 7), the upper temporary storage chamber, and the lower temporary storage chamber. Then, fly ash material enters the feed chamber. Once it reaches a certain weight and volume, the upper feed sealing valve 7 opens downwards, allowing the fly ash material to enter the upper temporary storage chamber. After the material transfer in the feed chamber is complete, the upper feed sealing valve 7 closes, awaiting its next opening. During this process, the nitrogen in the feed chamber prevents air from following the material into the upper temporary storage chamber, and the nitrogen in the upper temporary storage chamber flows back to the feed chamber under the influence of the material, preventing air from entering the upper temporary storage chamber. Once the material in the upper temporary storage chamber reaches a certain weight and volume, the lower feed sealing valve 7 opens downwards, transferring the fly ash material to the lower temporary storage chamber. This process is similar to the process of material transferring from the feed chamber to the upper temporary storage chamber. Nitrogen gas can be used to achieve a sealing effect. The material entering the lower temporary storage chamber can be transferred to the feeding system of the detoxification reactor 2 through 6-8 sealed star-shaped rotating chambers.

[0040] Please see Figure 1-3In one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing mechanism may include a sealing sleeve 10, which is locked externally by a locking structure. The outer side of the detoxification reactor 2 may have 24-36 locking structures distributed circumferentially. The locking structure may include a fixing seat 11, a graphite sealing ring 12, and a limiting block 13. The limiting block 13 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the sealing sleeve 10, and there are two limiting blocks 13 located on the inner and outer sides of the locking structure, respectively, to limit minor movements of the detoxification reactor 2 during operation. The fixing seat 11 is fixedly connected to the connecting housing 4. The graphite sealing ring 12 is located between the fixing seat 11 and the sealing sleeve 10. A locking member 14 is threaded onto the fixing seat 11, and the locking member 14 abuts against the outer side of the graphite sealing ring 12, ensuring tight contact between the graphite sealing ring 12 and the sealing sleeve 10. A side pressure plate 15 is provided on the side of the graphite sealing ring 12 away from the connecting housing 4. The side pressure plate 15 is connected to the fixed base 11 by a locking member 14, so that the graphite sealing ring 12 can fit tightly against the side of the connecting housing 4, thereby ensuring tight contact in both directions and improving the sealing effect. A spring structure can be fitted on the locking member 14, which abuts against the graphite sealing ring 12, so that the graphite sealing ring 12 always maintains a certain pressure with the sealing sleeve 10 and the detoxification reactor 2, and ensures that the graphite sealing ring 12 maintains a certain pressure during reactor operation. The pressure can be adjusted by rotating and adjusting the position of the locking member 14 (which can be a bolt). Furthermore, a nitrogen inlet 8 can be provided on the outer side of the graphite sealing ring 12, and nitrogen can be introduced to form a nitrogen sealing layer on the outer side of the graphite sealing ring 12.

[0041] Please see Figure 1-3In one embodiment of the present invention, the detoxification reactor 2 is connected to a nitrogen generator, which is used to introduce nitrogen into the detoxification reactor 2 to replace the air inside the reactor 2 and create an oxygen-deficient environment. The detoxification reactor 2 serves as a reaction vessel for the low-temperature pyrolysis of fly ash, and can be divided into multiple sections, each with a corresponding heating mechanism 16 to form a preheating chamber, a heating chamber, and a heat preservation chamber. The heating mechanism 16 can be a resistance wire or an electromagnetic heating device. The detoxification reactor 2 can be rotatably mounted on a support structure 17, and can be driven to rotate by a drive assembly, thereby ensuring the uniformity of its internal temperature and the uniformity of the material reaction effect. The support structure 17 can be equipped with a lifting assembly to adjust the inclination of the detoxification reactor 2, thereby controlling the residence time of the material at different stages and the convenience of discharge. A guide plate 18 is provided inside the detoxification reactor 2. The guide plate 18 has a spiral structure and is connected to a power source. The power source can be a servo motor, and the guide plate 18 can be divided into multiple sections and respectively installed in the preheating chamber, heating chamber, and insulation chamber. The power source can drive the guide plate 18 to rotate, thereby moving the material in the detoxification reactor 2. By adjusting the rotation speed and direction (same or opposite) of the detoxification reactor 2 and the guide plate 18, the residence time of the material in the preheating chamber, heating chamber, and insulation chamber can be controlled. The detoxification reactor 2 is used to detoxify dioxins in fly ash. During this process, the temperature in the detoxification reactor 2 is controlled at 350-500℃, the oxygen content in the detoxification reactor 2 needs to be less than 1%, and the residence time of the fly ash material in the detoxification reactor 2 is 60-90 minutes.

[0042] Please see Figure 1-3 In one embodiment of the present invention, the control mechanism is used to control the operation of the entire equipment, such as the operation of the feeding mechanism 1 and the discharging mechanism 3, and the amount of nitrogen gas introduced into the detoxification reactor 2 by the nitrogen generator. The control mechanism includes a processor, a temperature sensor 19, and a pressure sensor, etc., and the processor is connected to the feeding mechanism 1, the discharging mechanism 3, the temperature sensor 19, and the pressure sensor, etc. The temperature sensor 19 is used to collect temperature information inside the detoxification reactor 2 and upload it to the processor. Multiple temperature sensors 19 can be configured, with each sensor positioned in different locations such as the preheating chamber, the heating chamber, and the insulation chamber, to collect temperature data at different locations and stages. The pressure sensor is used to collect pressure data inside the detoxification reactor 2, maintaining a slightly positive pressure environment within the detoxification reactor to prevent the intake of external air due to negative pressure. An oxygen content detector can also be used to monitor the oxygen content data inside the detoxification reactor 2 in real time, thereby monitoring environmental changes in the detoxification reaction and ensuring that the reaction conditions meet the requirements.

[0043] A method for controlling oxygen content during low-temperature detoxification of fly ash based on the above-mentioned equipment includes the following steps:

[0044] Inspect the overall appearance of the equipment to ensure it is properly sealed;

[0045] Prepare the materials to be processed and place them in the feed hopper 5;

[0046] When starting the equipment, during the preheating stage of detoxification reactor 2, air is extracted from inside reactor 2 while nitrogen (purity ≥ 99.99%) is introduced into it. This nitrogen displaces the air, creating an oxygen-deficient environment within reactor 2. Nitrogen can be introduced using a nitrogen generator or a nitrogen storage tank. Air can be extracted from one end of reactor 2 (e.g., the discharge end) while nitrogen is introduced from the other end, allowing for more efficient and thorough air replacement.

[0047] The oxygen content of the detoxification reactor 2 is detected at its outlet. When the oxygen content is below 1%, the exhaust operation of the detoxification reactor 2 is stopped, i.e., air extraction is stopped or the exhaust port is directly closed. Nitrogen is continuously introduced to maintain a slightly positive pressure inside the detoxification reactor 2 (the range of slightly positive pressure can be 0-500 Pa). Then, the gas supply efficiency of the nitrogen generator can be controlled by the processor to ensure that the gas pressure inside the detoxification reactor 2 is always maintained at a slightly positive pressure.

[0048] In the feeding mechanism 1, the upper feed sealing valve 7 opens, allowing material from the feed hopper 5 to enter between the two feed sealing valves 7. Once the upper temporary storage chamber is full, the upper feed sealing valve 7 closes, and then the lower feed sealing valve 7 opens, allowing material in the upper temporary storage chamber to fall into the lower temporary storage chamber. After all material in the upper temporary storage chamber has entered the lower temporary storage chamber, the lower feed sealing valve 7 closes, and then the upper feed sealing valve 7 reopens to feed material into the upper temporary storage chamber. Simultaneously, material in the lower temporary storage chamber is laterally conveyed to the detoxification reactor 2 via the conveying structure 9. This process is repeated until sufficient material is fed into the detoxification reactor 2.

[0049] The fed material undergoes detoxification treatment and is discharged after treatment. The detoxification treatment involves detoxifying dioxins in the fly ash through detoxification reactor 2. During this process, the temperature inside detoxification reactor 2 is controlled at 350-500℃, the oxygen content inside detoxification reactor 2 needs to be less than 1%, and the residence time of the fly ash material in detoxification reactor 2 is 60-90 minutes. Simultaneously, the flue gas generated in the detoxification device can be extracted using a negative pressure fan during the treatment process.

[0050] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low-temperature fly ash detoxification device, characterized in that, include: Feeding mechanism (1), the feeding mechanism (1) includes a funnel-shaped feeding bin (5), the lower end of the feeding bin (5) is fixedly and sealed to a temporary storage bin (6), the temporary storage bin (6) is provided with two feeding sealing valves (7), the two feeding sealing valves (7) are not opened at the same time, and the space below each feeding sealing valve (7) forms a temporary storage chamber; The detoxification reactor (2) is rotatably mounted on the support structure (17) and driven to rotate by a drive assembly. A guide plate (18) is provided inside the detoxification reactor (2). The guide plate (18) has a spiral structure and is connected to a power source. The detoxification reactor (2) is divided into multiple sections, and corresponding heating mechanisms (16) are provided on the outside to form a preheating chamber, a heating chamber, and a heat preservation chamber. The detoxification reactor (2) is connected to a nitrogen generator. The nitrogen generator is used to introduce nitrogen into the detoxification reactor (2) to replace the air in the detoxification reactor (2) and create an oxygen-deficient environment in the detoxification reactor (2). The discharge mechanism (3) is used to discharge solid materials. At least two discharge sealing valves are provided in the discharge hopper. Two exhaust pipes are provided on the side of the discharge hopper. One end of the exhaust pipe is located at the position of the corresponding discharge sealing valve and is connected to the internal space of the discharge hopper. The other end is provided with a control valve. The control mechanism includes a processor, a temperature sensor (19), and a pressure sensor. The processor is connected to the feeding mechanism (1), the discharging mechanism (3), the temperature sensor (19), and the pressure sensor. The processor is used to control the operation of the entire device. The detoxification reactor (2) and the feeding mechanism (1) and discharging mechanism (3) are respectively provided with a sealing mechanism. The sealing mechanism is used to ensure the sealing performance of the connection position. The sealing mechanism includes a connecting shell (4) and a sealing sleeve (10). The sealing sleeve (10) is locked to the outside by a locking structure. The locking structure includes a fixed base (11) and a graphite sealing ring (12). The fixed base (11) is fixedly connected to the connecting housing (4). The graphite sealing ring (12) is located between the fixed base (11) and the sealing sleeve (10). A locking member (14) is threaded onto the fixed base (11). The locking member (14) abuts against the outer side of the graphite sealing ring (12), so that the graphite sealing ring (12) and the sealing sleeve (10) are in close contact. A side pressure plate (15) is provided on the side of the graphite sealing ring (12) away from the connecting housing (4). The side pressure plate (15) is connected to the fixed base (11) through the locking member (14), so that the graphite sealing ring (12) fits tightly against the side of the connecting housing (4).

2. The low-temperature detoxification equipment for fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating mechanism (16) is a resistance wire or an electromagnetic heating device.

3. A method for controlling oxygen content during low-temperature detoxification of fly ash, characterized in that, Using the fly ash low-temperature detoxification equipment as described in claim 1 includes the following steps: Inspect the overall appearance of the equipment to ensure it is properly sealed; Prepare the materials to be processed and place them in the feed hopper (5); Start the equipment. During the preheating stage of the detoxification reactor (2), extract the air inside the detoxification reactor (2) and introduce nitrogen into the detoxification reactor (2) at the same time. Use nitrogen to replace the air to create an oxygen-deficient environment inside the detoxification reactor (2). The oxygen content of the detoxification reactor (2) is detected at the outlet end of the detoxification reactor (2). When the oxygen content is less than 1%, the detoxification reactor (2) stops venting and nitrogen continues to be introduced so that the gas pressure inside the detoxification reactor (2) is in a slightly positive pressure state. Then, the gas supply efficiency of the nitrogen generator is controlled by the processor so that the gas pressure inside the detoxification reactor (2) is always in a slightly positive pressure state. When the upper feed sealing valve (7) in the feeding mechanism (1) is opened, the material in the feeding bin (5) enters between the two feed sealing valves (7). After the upper temporary storage chamber is filled, the upper feed sealing valve (7) is closed, and then the lower feed sealing valve (7) is opened. The material in the upper temporary storage chamber falls into the lower temporary storage chamber. After all the material in the upper temporary storage chamber enters the lower temporary storage chamber, the lower feed sealing valve (7) is closed, and then the upper feed sealing valve (7) is opened again to feed the upper temporary storage chamber. At the same time, the material in the lower temporary storage chamber is horizontally conveyed to the detoxification reactor (2) through the conveying structure (9). This process is repeated until sufficient material is fed into the detoxification reactor (2). The fed materials undergo detoxification treatment and are discharged after treatment is completed.

4. The method for controlling oxygen content during low-temperature detoxification of fly ash according to claim 3, characterized in that, The purity of the nitrogen gas introduced into the detoxification reactor (2) is above 99.99%.

5. The method for controlling oxygen content during low-temperature detoxification of fly ash according to claim 4, characterized in that, During the detoxification process of dioxin pollutants in fly ash, the temperature in the detoxification reactor (2) is controlled at 350-500℃, the oxygen content in the detoxification reactor (2) is less than 1%, and the residence time of fly ash material in the detoxification reactor (2) is 60-90 min.

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