A melon double-break root grafting seedling raising method

Abstract

The application discloses a melon double-break-root grafting seedling method, which comprises the following steps: S1, sowing and raising seedlings of a stock seed; S2, sowing and raising melon seeds; S3, when the first true leaf of the stock reaches the size of a coin and the true leaf of the scion is exposed, adopting a double-break-root grafting method to graft; S4, grafting seedlings are inserted into an inserting plate, the inserting plate comprises an inserting plate body made of light and flexible material, two rows of inserting holes are arranged on the inserting plate body, and one inserting slot is arranged for each inserting hole; during the inserting, the grafting seedlings are inserted into the corresponding inserting holes through the inserting slots, the stems of the grafting seedlings are clamped on the corresponding inserting holes, and thus the grafting seedlings are fixed on the corresponding inserting plate body; and S5, after the grafting seedlings are inserted into each inserting plate, the inserting plate is placed into a hydroponic box containing nutrient solution for healing and hydroponic culture, and the healing lasts for 6-8 days. The method is simple in operation, improves the seedling raising efficiency and the accuracy of the root system test result of melon seedlings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of grafting technology, specifically relating to a method for cultivating seedlings of cucurbit seedlings grafted with double root breaks. Background Technology

[0002] Grafting is an important technical measure to overcome soil-borne diseases such as watermelon wilt, enhance drought and salt tolerance and other abiotic stresses, promote the absorption of water and mineral nutrients, and improve yield, quality and efficiency. It has been widely used in melon production.

[0003] Double-root grafting, as an emerging technology, has advantages such as high survival rate of grafted seedlings, strong root vitality, vigorous growth, high grafting efficiency, and short seedling cultivation cycle. This grafting method involves cutting off the entire root system of the rootstock from the base of the stem, then grafting it onto the scion using conventional grafting methods, and finally replanting it. This improves the regeneration speed and vitality of the rootstock root system, which is crucial for cultivating high-quality grafted seedlings.

[0004] The root system is the dynamic interface between soil and plant, a key organ for the exchange of matter and energy between plants and their external environment. It allows plants to absorb nutrients and water, produce organic substances such as amino acids and proteins, and directly influences plant growth. Therefore, studying the root regeneration mechanism of double-root grafting rootstocks and promoting root regeneration in double-root grafting rootstocks is crucial for the growth and development of grafted seedlings.

[0005] Typically, double-root grafted seedlings are propagated by grafting and then inserting the cuttings into the substrate. During the root acquisition process, the substrate on the root surface needs to be cleaned, which can easily damage the roots and lead to inaccurate observation results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a method for raising seedlings of cucurbit grafted seedlings with double root severance. This method is simple, easy to operate, simplifies the seedling raising process, and improves the seedling raising efficiency. At the same time, this method simplifies the root system testing operation of cucurbit seedlings. During the root system testing process, there is no damage to the root system of cucurbit seedlings, which improves the accuracy of the root system testing results.

[0007] The technical solution adopted to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of this invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for cultivating double-root grafted seedlings of cucurbits includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Rootstock seedling cultivation:

[0010] Sowing and seedling cultivation of rootstock seeds;

[0011] S2, scion-based seedling cultivation:

[0012] Sowing and seedling cultivation of cucurbit seeds;

[0013] S3, grafting:

[0014] When the first true leaf of the rootstock grows to the size of a coin and the true leaf of the scion shows its core, grafting is performed using the double root cutting and bonding method.

[0015] S4, Cuttings:

[0016] The grafted seedling is inserted into the cutting board, which includes a cutting board body made of lightweight and flexible material. The cutting board body has two rows of cutting holes, the diameter of which matches the diameter of the grafted seedling stem. Each cutting hole is equipped with a cutting slit, one end of which is connected to the cutting hole, and the other end of which extends to the edge of the cutting board body. During cutting, the grafted seedling is inserted into the corresponding cutting hole through the cutting slit, so that the stem of the grafted seedling is stuck in the corresponding cutting hole, thereby fixing the grafted seedling to the corresponding cutting board body.

[0017] S5, Healing and Hydroponics:

[0018] After each cutting board is filled with grafted seedlings, the cutting board is placed in a hydroponic box containing nutrient solution for healing and hydroponics, allowing the cutting board to float on the nutrient solution in the hydroponic box. After healing and hydroponics for 6-8 days, the cucurbit grafted seedlings are ready.

[0019] Furthermore, the sowing date of the scion is the same as the sowing date of the rootstock.

[0020] Furthermore, when the scion is a watermelon seedling, the rootstock is a pumpkin seedling.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S4, the two rows of insertion holes on the insertion plate body are alternately distributed.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S4, the cutting plate body is rectangular, with a length of 550-570mm, a width of 50-60mm, and a thickness of 5-7mm. The diameter of the cutting holes is 4.5-6.5mm, the distance between two adjacent cutting holes in each row is 2.5-4.5cm, and the distance between two adjacent rows of cutting holes is 2.5-4.5cm.

[0023] Furthermore, in step S4, the rows of insertion holes are parallel to the length direction of the insertion plate, each insertion slot is parallel to the width direction of the insertion plate body, and the straight line containing each insertion slot intersects the axis of the corresponding insertion hole perpendicularly.

[0024] Furthermore, in step S4, the cutting slit is formed by cutting.

[0025] Furthermore, in step S4, the material of the cutting plate body is EVA foam.

[0026] Furthermore, in step S5, the depth of the nutrient solution in the hydroponic box is 1-3 cm, and the temperature for healing and hydroponics is 20-28℃.

[0027] Furthermore, in step S5, during the healing and hydroponic period, the grafted seedlings are covered with a film to retain moisture, and the light intensity is 3000-5000 lux.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0029] 1. This invention uses a special cutting board, which avoids damage to the roots caused by cleaning the substrate during the root system acquisition process of cucurbit seedlings. This improves the accuracy of the root system test results of cucurbit seedlings, thereby improving the accuracy of the study on the root regeneration mechanism of double-root grafted rootstocks. This is of great significance for the observation and research of root regeneration of double-root grafted rootstocks, and for promoting the establishment of root regeneration technology for double-root grafted seedlings and the application of double-root grafting technology.

[0030] 2. This invention uses a special cutting board, which makes the operation of cutting grafts for cucurbit seedlings simpler and greatly improves the cutting speed and efficiency.

[0031] 3. This invention is the first to apply hydroponics to grafted seedling cultivation, which not only simplifies the operation of grafted seedling cultivation, but also facilitates the observation and research of root regeneration of double-root grafted rootstocks, and helps to realize multi-layer, unmanned vertical production. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting plate structure.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a comparison diagram of the watermelon hydroponic seedlings of Example 1 and the watermelon soil-grown seedlings of Comparative Example 2. Figure 2 The watermelon seedlings on the left are grown in soil. Figure 2 The image on the right shows a watermelon seedling grown hydroponically.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the cutting operation in Experiment 1.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the cutting procedure in the control group of Experiment 1.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the cutting speeds of the experimental group and the control group in Experiment 1.

[0037] Among them, 1-the cutting plate body, 2-the cutting hole, and 3-the cutting slot. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] 1. Rootstock seedling cultivation:

[0041] On June 20, 2024, the pumpkin variety 'Zhenzhuang' was selected as the rootstock for watermelons and sown in 98-cell trays filled with a mixed substrate.

[0042] 2. Scion-based seedling cultivation:

[0043] On June 20, 2024, the watermelon variety 'Zaojia-8424' was selected as the scion and sown in 98-cell trays filled with mixed substrate.

[0044] 3. Grafting:

[0045] On June 30, 2024, the first true leaf of the rootstock was the size of a coin, and the true leaf of the scion was exposed. The grafting was carried out using the double root cutting and bonding method.

[0046] 4. Cuttings:

[0047] Watermelon grafted seedlings are inserted into a propagation board, which includes a main body 1 made of white EVA foam. Figure 1 As shown, the cutting plate body 1 is square, with a length of 330mm and a width of 50mm. The cutting plate body 1 has two rows of cutting holes 2, each with a diameter of 5mm, and the rows of holes 2 are parallel to the length direction of the cutting plate. The two rows of holes 2 are alternately distributed; the first row has 13 holes 2, and the second row has 12 holes 2, with a spacing of 35mm between the two rows. Within each row of holes 2, the distance between any two adjacent holes 2 is 35mm. Each cutting hole 2 is equipped with a cutting slit 3, which is cut from the edge of the cutting plate body 1 along its width direction until it connects with the corresponding cutting hole 2. Each cutting slot 3 is parallel to the width direction of the cutting plate body 1, and the straight line containing each cutting slot 3 intersects perpendicularly with the axial direction of the corresponding cutting hole 2.

[0048] During cutting, the watermelon grafted seedling is inserted into the corresponding cutting hole 2 through the cutting seam, so that the stem of the watermelon grafted seedling is stuck in the corresponding cutting hole 2, thereby fixing the watermelon grafted seedling to the corresponding cutting board body 1. Then, the grafted seedling is covered with a film to keep it moist.

[0049] 5. Healing and hydroponics:

[0050] Half of the modified Hoagland nutrient solution was poured into the hydroponic box, to a depth of 2 cm. The hydroponic box was then placed in the healing chamber, and the temperature of the grafting healing chamber was set to 23℃. After each cutting board was filled with watermelon grafted seedlings, the cutting boards were placed in the hydroponic box for healing and hydroponics, allowing them to float on the nutrient solution. After 8 days of healing and hydroponics, the watermelon grafted seedlings were successfully cultivated.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that the arrangement of the cutting holes in the cutting plate is different. In this comparative example, the distance between two adjacent rows of cutting holes in each cutting plate is 25mm, and the distance between two adjacent cutting holes in each row is 25mm.

[0053] Comparative Example 2

[0054] 1. Rootstock seedling cultivation:

[0055] On June 20, 2024, the pumpkin variety 'Zhenzhuang' was selected as the rootstock for watermelons and sown in 98-cell trays filled with a mixed substrate.

[0056] 2. Scion-based seedling cultivation:

[0057] On June 20, 2024, the watermelon variety 'Zaojia-8424' was selected as the scion and sown in 98-cell trays filled with mixed substrate.

[0058] 3. Grafting:

[0059] On June 30, 2024, the first true leaf of the rootstock was the size of a coin, and the true leaf of the scion was exposed. The grafting was carried out using the double root cutting and bonding method.

[0060] 4. Healing:

[0061] Transplant the grafted seedlings into 72-cell trays (35mm spacing between plants) and cover them with a thin film to retain moisture. Set the temperature of the healing chamber to 23℃, place the 72-cell trays in the healing chamber, and allow them to heal for 8 days. The watermelon grafted seedling cultivation is now complete.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] The difference from Comparative Example 2 is that the acupoints used in the healing process are different. In this comparative example, the acupoints used are 200-well acupoints (25mm).

[0064] The cultivation densities of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were different, the cultivation methods of Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were different, and the cultivation densities of Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 were different. The effects of different cultivation methods and densities on the survival rate of watermelon seedlings are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1 Comparison of watermelon seedling survival rates under different culture methods and densities

[0066] Example 1 35mm 100％ Comparative Example 1 25mm 51.63％ Comparative Example 2 35mm 100％ Comparative Example 3 25mm 33.03％

[0067] The hydroponic seedlings cultivated using the cultivation method in Example 1 and the soil-cultured seedlings cultivated using the cultivation method in Comparative Example 2 are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, when it is necessary to test the root system of the soil-cultured seedlings cultivated in Comparative Example 2, it is necessary to wash the substrate on the root system with water when obtaining the root system of the soil-cultured seedlings cultivated in Comparative Example 2. The root system is easily damaged, which affects the test results and leads to inaccurate test results.

[0068] Moreover, from Figure 2 It can be seen that the watermelon grafted seedlings cultivated by the cultivation method of Example 1 have a faster survival rate and better growth. The petiole length and leaf area of ​​the first leaf position are significantly greater than those of the soil-grown seedlings in Comparative Example 2.

[0069] Experiment 1: The Influence of Cutting Plate Structure on Cutting Speed

[0070] Test method:

[0071] Experimental group: Cuttings were taken using the cutting board and cutting method described in Example 1, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0072] Control group:

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, the cutting board used is made of polyethylene foam board. The cutting board is square, with a length of 25.8cm and a width of 19.4cm. The cutting board has circular cutting holes arranged in a matrix, with 8 rows and 6 columns of holes, and the diameter of the cutting holes is 2.1cm.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, when propagating grafted seedlings by cuttings, first wrap the hypocotyl of the rootstock with a sponge. The thickness of the wrapping should be such that the grafted seedling does not fall out after being inserted into the cutting hole. Then, insert the grafted seedling wrapped with sponge into the cutting hole and fix it in place.

[0075] Experimental results:

[0076] The cutting speeds of the experimental and control groups were as follows: Figure 5 As stated, by Figure 5 It can be seen that, compared with the control group, the cutting speed of the experimental group was significantly faster, and the cutting speed of the experimental group was 2.59 times that of the control group.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating double-root grafted seedlings of cucurbits, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Rootstock seedling cultivation: Sowing and seedling cultivation of rootstock seeds; S2, scion-based seedling cultivation: Sowing and seedling cultivation of cucurbit seeds; S3, grafting: When the first true leaf of the rootstock grows to the size of a coin and the true leaf of the scion shows its core, grafting is performed using the double root cutting and bonding method. S4, Cuttings: The grafted seedling is inserted into a propagation board, which consists of a board body made of lightweight, flexible material. The board body has two rows of alternating holes. The diameter of the holes is 4.5-6.5 mm, with a 3.5 cm gap between adjacent holes in each row and a 3.5 cm distance between adjacent rows. The diameter of the insertion hole matches the diameter of the grafted seedling stem. Each insertion hole is equipped with a cutting slit. One end of each cutting slit is connected to the insertion hole, and the other end of each cutting slit extends to the edge of the cutting board body. When inserting the cutting, the grafted seedling is inserted into the corresponding insertion hole through the cutting slit, so that the stem of the grafted seedling is stuck in the corresponding insertion hole, thereby fixing the grafted seedling to the corresponding cutting board body. S5, Healing and Hydroponics: After each cutting board is filled with grafted seedlings, the cutting board is placed in a hydroponic box containing nutrient solution for healing and hydroponics. The depth of the nutrient solution in the hydroponic box is 1-3cm, so that the cutting board floats on the nutrient solution. Healing and hydroponics last for 6-8 days, and the cucurbit grafted seedlings are ready.

2. The method for raising seedlings of cucurbit double-root grafted seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing date of the scion is the same as the sowing date of the rootstock.

3. The method for raising seedlings of cucurbit double-root grafted seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the scion is a watermelon seedling, the rootstock is a pumpkin seedling.

4. The method for raising seedlings of cucurbit double-root grafted seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the cutting plate body is rectangular, with a length of 550-570mm, a width of 50-60mm, and a thickness of 5-7mm.

5. The method for raising seedlings of cucurbit double-root grafted seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the rows of insertion holes are parallel to the length direction of the insertion plate, each insertion slot is parallel to the width direction of the insertion plate body, and the straight line containing each insertion slot intersects the axis of the corresponding insertion hole perpendicularly.

6. The method for raising seedlings of cucurbit double-root grafted seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the cutting slit is formed by cutting.

7. The method for raising seedlings of cucurbit double-root grafted seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the material of the cutting plate body is EVA foam.

8. The method for raising seedlings of cucurbit double-root grafted seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the temperature for healing and hydroponics is 20-28℃.

9. The method for raising seedlings of cucurbit double-root grafted seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, during the healing period, the grafted seedling is covered with a film to retain moisture, and the light intensity is 3000-5000 lux.

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