An antenna and electronic device

Abstract

This disclosure provides an antenna comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiating structure, and a feeding structure. The dielectric substrate has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction. The feeding structure is disposed on the first surface and includes multiple feed lines. The radiating structure includes multiple subarrays and a connecting portion connecting the multiple subarrays. Each subarray includes a first element and a second element. The connecting portion has multiple cavities, one cavity being located between the first element and the second element of one of the subarrays. One cavity is electrically connected to a feed line. Both the first element and the second element have multiple first slots. This disclosure increases the current path by providing multiple first slots in the first and second elements, while also achieving antenna miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an antenna and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Indoor distributed antenna systems (DAS) introduce base station signals indoors, solving coverage blind spots. They effectively extend signal range and improve coverage, enhancing indoor communication quality. In the rapid development of mobile communications, DAS plays a crucial role in communication networks, with antennas being the core component. With the advent of 5G, research on broadband omnidirectional antennas is receiving increasing attention. In 5G DAS systems, narrow bandwidth means that DAS antennas cannot simultaneously meet the frequency band requirements of various operators, while high profiles increase installation difficulty and affect aesthetics. Furthermore, existing antennas suffer from disadvantages such as excessive size, complex and costly array and feeding designs, and difficulty in meeting user needs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an antenna and electronic device.

[0004] Firstly, the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of this invention is an antenna, which includes a dielectric substrate, a radiating structure, and a feeding structure; wherein...

[0005] The dielectric substrate has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction;

[0006] The power supply structure is disposed on the first surface and includes multiple feed lines;

[0007] The radiating structure includes multiple subarrays and a connecting portion connecting the multiple subarrays; each subarray includes a first oscillator and a second oscillator; the connecting portion has multiple cavities, one cavity being located between the first oscillator and the second oscillator of one subarray; one cavity is electrically connected to a feed line; wherein...

[0008] Both the first oscillator and the second oscillator have multiple first slots.

[0009] In some embodiments, for the plurality of first slots on the first oscillator, the depth of the first slot gradually increases from both ends of the first oscillator toward the center; and / or,

[0010] For the multiple first grooves on the second oscillator, the depth of the first groove gradually increases from both ends of the second oscillator toward the center.

[0011] In some embodiments, the outlines of the first oscillator and the second oscillator are semicircles, each having an arc edge and a straight edge, and the first groove extends through the straight edge.

[0012] In some embodiments, for each of the first slots on the first oscillator, the straight edge is used as the horizontal axis, and the straight line perpendicular to the straight edge is used as the vertical axis; the horizontal axis represents the distance X1 between the end of the first slot away from the straight edge and the vertical axis, and the distance Y1 between the end of the first slot away from the straight edge and the horizontal axis, where X1 is an elementary function about Y1; the elementary function includes any one of sine, cosine, logarithmic, and exponential functions; and / or,

[0013] For each of the first slots on the second oscillator, the straight side is taken as the horizontal axis, and the straight line perpendicular to the straight side is taken as the vertical axis; the horizontal axis represents the distance X1 between the end of the first slot away from the straight side and the vertical axis, and the distance Y1 between the end of the first slot away from the straight side and the horizontal axis, where X1 is an elementary function about Y1; the elementary function includes any one of the following: sine function, cosine function, logarithmic function, and exponential function.

[0014] In some embodiments, the arc edges of the first oscillator and the second oscillator are adjacent.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first oscillator and the second oscillator are mirror-symmetric.

[0016] In some embodiments, the distance between the first oscillator and the second oscillator gradually increases in the direction away from the cavity.

[0017] In some embodiments, the spacing between each of the first slots on the first oscillator is equal; and / or the spacing between each of the first slots on the second oscillator is equal.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first ends of each feeder are connected together, and the second ends of each feeder correspond one-to-one with the cavity.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second end of each feed line includes a quarter-wavelength impedance transformation section.

[0020] In some embodiments, the feeder is an arc-shaped or serpentine route.

[0021] In some embodiments, the cavity includes one of a circular cavity, a rectangular cavity, or an elliptical cavity.

[0022] In some embodiments, when the antenna has five subarrays, the angle between the straight sides of the first and second elements in each subarray is between 50° and 60°.

[0023] Secondly, this disclosure also provides an electronic device including the antenna described in any one of the first aspects above. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an antenna film layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 The graph of isolation between subarrays versus frequency is shown in the embodiment of the present invention when the antenna includes five subarrays.

[0028] Figure 5 The radiation pattern of the antenna is shown in an embodiment of the present invention when the antenna includes five subarrays. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0031] With the advent of 5G, research on broadband omnidirectional antennas is receiving increasing attention. In 5G indoor distribution systems, narrow bandwidth means that indoor antennas cannot simultaneously meet the frequency band requirements of various operators, while high profiles increase installation difficulty and affect aesthetics.

[0032] To meet the requirements of different frequency bands, this disclosure employs an end-fire antenna. This end-fire antenna radiates along its end, exhibiting good and comprehensive radiation directionality. Common end-fire antennas include Vivadi antennas, Yagi antennas, and log-periodic antennas. Furthermore, slot antennas feature low profile, integrability, and ease of arraying. To enhance the directivity of the slot antenna, a series of slots of the same size can be cut into the waveguide according to a certain pattern, forming a waveguide slot array. Due to the characteristics of the waveguide field distribution, the array configuration of slot antennas is more flexible and convenient.

[0033] The Vivaldi antenna is an end-fired tapered slot antenna with advantages such as wide bandwidth, wide beam, low profile, good radiation directionality, and easy array integration, making it widely used in the field of wireless communication. However, it also has disadvantages such as excessive size, complex array assembly and feeding design, high cost, and difficulty in meeting people's needs.

[0034] This disclosure employs a Vivaldi antenna as the antenna's radiating structure. The front side is a gradient-structured metal patch comprising multiple subarrays. Each subarray includes a first element and a second element, both of which have multiple first slots. The bottom surface is a feeding structure including multiple feed lines. Electromagnetic energy is coupled to the radiating end of the radiating structure through the feed lines. The first and second elements in this radiating structure, along with the multiple first slots in both elements, serve to guide electromagnetic waves, directing them towards the radiating direction.

[0035] The antenna of the present disclosure embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an antenna film layer provided in this embodiment is provided, which includes a dielectric substrate 2, a radiating structure 1, and a feeding structure 3. The dielectric substrate 2 has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction. The feeding structure 3 is disposed on the first surface and includes multiple feed lines. The radiating structure 1 includes multiple subarrays and a connecting portion connecting the multiple subarrays. Each subarray includes a first element and a second element. The connecting portion has multiple cavities, one cavity being located between the first and second elements of a subarray. One cavity is electrically connected to a feed line. Both the first and second elements have multiple first slots. In this case, each feed line of the feeding structure can feed the first and second elements of the subarray through its corresponding cavity. Furthermore, since both the first and second elements in this embodiment have first slots, the current path can be extended, increasing gain and facilitating antenna miniaturization.

[0037] In this embodiment, the antenna mainly consists of three parts: a top radiating structure 1, a middle dielectric substrate 2, and a bottom feed structure 3. The dielectric substrate 2 is the supporting and fixing part of the antenna, primarily providing a stable platform to ensure the antenna maintains the correct position and orientation. The dielectric substrate 2 has a significant impact on the antenna's performance; it is typically an insulating material, such as glass. The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate affects the antenna's operating frequency, and a suitable dielectric substrate is usually selected based on the operating frequency. This disclosure does not limit the selection of the dielectric substrate. The feed structure 3 is used to feed the radiating structure, with the current signal coupled to the radiating structure 1 via a feed line. Specifically, the current signal is electrically connected to the cavity via the feed line and then coupled to the space between the first slots of the radiating structure, radiating outwards along the first and second elements.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a top view of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 The structure includes a dielectric substrate 2, a first oscillator 2011, and a second oscillator 2012. Both the first oscillator 2011 and the second oscillator 2012 have multiple first slots 2030. The figure includes multiple first oscillators 2011 and multiple second oscillators 2012. One first oscillator 2011 and one second oscillator 2012 form a subarray, and a cavity 2020 connects the subarrays. Current signals are electrically connected to the cavity 2020 via feed lines and then coupled to the spaces between the first slots 2030 of the radiating structure, radiating outwards along the first oscillators 2011 and the second oscillators 2012.

[0039] An antenna array consists of multiple subarrays, which are antenna array systems composed of several identical antennas arranged according to a certain pattern. They are mainly used to enhance the directivity of an antenna, increase its gain, or obtain desired directional characteristics.

[0040] In the field of communications, antennas are generally required to have strong directivity, meaning they can concentrate most of their energy and radiate it in a predetermined direction. However, with the increase of the electrical length of the antenna arm, the main lobe of a single symmetrical antenna narrows, improving directivity. However, when the electrical length exceeds 0.5, a reverse current appears on the antenna, causing the main lobe to shrink and the side lobes to increase, resulting in poorer directivity. Therefore, simply increasing the antenna length to improve directivity is not feasible. A single antenna is limited in both performance and function, just as the ability of a single person is limited. If multiple people form a team, its functionality often exceeds the sum of the abilities of several individuals. Similarly, if several identical antennas are arranged in a certain pattern to form an antenna subarray, its function and performance often far exceed that of a single basic antenna. The function of an antenna subarray composed of multiple antennas is obviously different from that of a single antenna, and its directional, impedance, and frequency characteristics change with the different subarrays.

[0041] The antenna in this embodiment of the present disclosure can radiate electromagnetic wave energy in all directions by setting multiple subarrays, thus achieving omnidirectional radiation.

[0042] In some examples, the outlines of the first oscillator 2011 and the second oscillator 2012 are semicircles, both having curved edges and straight edges, with the first groove 2030 penetrating the straight edge.

[0043] This application employs an end-fire antenna as its radiating structure. This end-fire antenna radiates along its end (the end furthest from the cavity), resulting in good and comprehensive radiation directionality. Therefore, the first element 2011 and the second element 2012 of this antenna adopt a semi-circular profile for better radiation. This end-fire antenna includes Vivadi antennas, Yagi antennas, log-periodic antennas, etc. Furthermore, the first slot 2030 penetrates the straight side of the first element 2011 and the second element 2012. This first slot design can suppress surface current while increasing the current path, thus achieving antenna miniaturization.

[0044] In some examples, the curved edges of the first oscillator 2011 and the second oscillator 2012 are adjacent. Furthermore, the first oscillator 2011 and the second oscillator 2012 are mirror-symmetrical. The distance between the first oscillator 2011 and the second oscillator 2012 gradually increases in the direction away from the cavity 2020.

[0045] In this design, the arc edges of the first element 2011 and the second element 2012 are adjacent, causing the distance between them to increase progressively in the opposite direction of the cavity. This distance represents the covered frequency band range. With the advent of 5G, research on broadband omnidirectional antennas is receiving increasing attention. In 5G indoor distribution systems, various frequency bands have corresponding requirements, and this design with continuously increasing spacing allows the antenna to meet the requirements of different frequency bands. In practical applications, the positional relationship between the first element 2011 and the second element 2012 can be adjusted according to the specific frequency band range. This positional relationship can be determined by the angle between the straight edges of the first element 2011 and the second element 2012. In other words, the radiation frequency band of the antenna can be set by adjusting the angle between the straight edges of the first element 2011 and the second element 2012.

[0046] In some examples, the first slot 2030 extends through the straight edge of the first oscillator 2011 and the second oscillator 2012. For each first slot 2030 on the first oscillator 2011, the straight edge is used as the horizontal axis, and the straight line perpendicular to the straight edge is used as the vertical axis; the horizontal axis represents the distance X1 between the end of the first slot 2030 away from the straight edge and the vertical axis, and the distance Y1 between the end of the first slot 2030 away from the straight edge and the horizontal axis, where X1 is an elementary function about Y1; this elementary function includes any one of the following: sine function, cosine function, logarithmic function, exponential function; and / or,

[0047] For each first slot 2030 on the second oscillator 2012, the straight edge is taken as the horizontal axis and the straight line perpendicular to the straight edge is taken as the vertical axis; the horizontal axis represents the distance X1 between the end of the first slot 2030 away from the straight edge and the vertical axis, and the distance Y1 between the end of the first slot 2030 away from the straight edge and the horizontal axis. X1 is an elementary function about Y1; the elementary function includes any one of the sine function, cosine function, logarithmic function, and exponential function.

[0048] In some examples, for the plurality of first slots 2030 on the first oscillator 2011, the depth from both ends of the first oscillator 2011 toward the central first slot gradually increases; and / or, for the plurality of first slots 2030 on the second oscillator 2012, the depth from both ends of the second oscillator 2012 toward the central first slot 2030 gradually increases.

[0049] In some examples, the spacing between the first slots 2030 on the first oscillator 2011 is equal; and / or the spacing between the first slots 2030 on the second oscillator 2012 is equal.

[0050] The individual first element 2011 and the individual second element 2012 are symmetrically distributed, as are each subarray in the antenna, and the entire antenna's radiation structure is also symmetrically distributed. This symmetrical structure ensures equal isolation between subarrays. Antenna isolation refers to the ratio of the signal power transmitted by one antenna to the signal power received by another antenna. The number of subarrays in the antenna and the positional relationship between the first and second elements in each subarray affect the isolation between subarrays. Specifically, the positional relationship between the first and second elements can be set by the angle between their straight-line sides.

[0051] In some examples, when the antenna includes five subarrays, the angle between the straight sides of the first and second elements in each subarray is between 50° and 60°. In this case, the isolation between subarrays is less than 20dB, and the antenna has good directivity.

[0052] In some examples, the antenna may also include three or four subarrays or other numbers of subarrays, which is not limited in this application.

[0053] When the number of subarrays decreases, considering the directivity of antenna radiation, the angle between the straight sides of the first and second elements in the corresponding subarrays increases, and the isolation between subarrays also increases. Due to the reduction in the number of subarrays, the directivity of antenna radiation also weakens.

[0054] As the number of subarrays increases, the angle between the straight sides of the first and second elements in the corresponding subarrays decreases, thus narrowing the frequency band that the antenna can cover. Although increasing the number of subarrays enhances the antenna's directivity and increases its gain, it also reduces the isolation between subarrays, affecting the radiation performance. Therefore, the overall directivity of the antenna radiation is weakened.

[0055] In some examples, cavity 2020 includes one of a circular cavity, a rectangular cavity, or an elliptical cavity.

[0056] In some examples, the first groove 2030 may be a rectangular groove or a groove of other shapes, which is not limited in this disclosure.

[0057] Figure 3 The antenna shown in the embodiment of the present invention is a bottom view, including a dielectric substrate 2 and feed lines 310, with multiple feed lines 310 forming a feeding structure. Figure 3 It includes five feed lines 310. It should be noted that the number of feed lines in this feeding structure corresponds to the number of cavities in the radiation structure.

[0058] In this embodiment, the antenna feed structure employs microstrip coupled feeding. Coupled feeding refers to the conduction of electrical energy between two non-contact but closely spaced circuit elements or networks in fields such as communications, allowing one element to obtain energy without direct contact with the energy conduction system. When using microstrip line feeding, the feed line and the microstrip patch are coplanar, making them easy to photolithographically etch together and simplifying fabrication. However, the feed line itself also radiates, interfering with the antenna pattern and reducing gain. Therefore, it is generally required that the microstrip line be narrow, ideally with a width much smaller than the wavelength. Matching the antenna input impedance and characteristic impedance can be achieved by appropriately selecting the feed point location. If the field varies along the width of the rectangular patch, the input impedance changes accordingly as the feed line moves along the width, providing a simple method for impedance matching. Changing the feed position alters the coupling between the feed line and the antenna, causing a small drift in the resonant frequency, while the radiation pattern remains unchanged. However, slightly altering the patch size can compensate for the resonant frequency drift.

[0059] Figure 3 The center-feed structure includes five feed lines 310. The first ends 3111 of each feed line 310 are connected together, and the second ends 3112 of each feed line 310 correspond one-to-one with the cavities in the radiating structure. These five feed lines 310 form a feed network, and the connection point of the first ends 3111 of the five feed lines constitutes the feed point, located at the geometric center of the feed network. Based on this feed network structure, the antenna's feed structure adopts a one-to-five feed method, which simplifies the feed structure.

[0060] In some examples, the feed lines of the power supply structure are routed in an arc or serpentine pattern.

[0061] In some examples, to achieve impedance matching, a quarter-slope impedance transformation section is added to the second end of the microstrip feeder.

[0062] In this embodiment, a subarray composed of a first and a second element is used. The spacing between the first and second elements gradually increases in the direction away from the cavity, allowing the antenna to meet the requirements of different frequency bands. Simultaneously, by providing first slots on the first and second elements, the current path is increased, which not only suppresses surface current backflow but also achieves antenna miniaturization. Furthermore, a quarter-wavelength impedance transformation segment is added to the second end of the feed line (the end electrically connected to the cavity) of the antenna's feed structure to achieve impedance matching. Meanwhile, the antenna's feed circuit is configured for multiple cavities in the radiating structure, employing a one-to-many feed method, which simplifies the feed structure.

[0063] This disclosure describes the structure of an antenna in a specific embodiment where the antenna comprises five subarrays.

[0064] This antenna uses a Vivadi antenna as its radiating structure. This antenna structure is a gradient slot antenna with a gradient metal patch on the front, comprising five subarrays and five connecting sections. Each connecting section has five cavities. Each of the five subarrays includes a first element and a second element, both of which have a semi-circular outline with curved and straight edges. A first slot extends along the straight edge. In this embodiment, the curved edge is an exponentially gradient curve, and the first slot is a rectangular slot. It is understood that the curved edge and the first slot, as described above, can also be in other forms. At the bottom of the radiating structure is a fan-shaped microstrip feed structure. Electromagnetic energy is coupled to the radiating end through the feed lines electrically connected to the cavities of the feed structure. One cavity is electrically connected to one feed line, including five feed lines. The exponentially gradient curve and the rectangular slot serve to guide the electromagnetic waves, directing them towards the radiating direction. In this design, the first and second oscillators are symmetrically distributed. For the multiple first grooves on the first oscillator, the depth gradually increases from both ends of the first oscillator towards the center first groove. Similarly, for the multiple first grooves on the second oscillator, the depth gradually increases from both ends of the second oscillator towards the center first groove. In other words, the first grooves of both the first and second oscillators are designed to be shorter on both sides and longer in the middle. Furthermore, for each first slot on the five first elements, the horizontal axis is the straight edge, and the vertical axis is the line perpendicular to the straight edge. The horizontal axis represents the distance X1 from the end of the first slot furthest from the straight edge to the vertical axis, and the distance Y1 from the end of the first slot furthest from the straight edge to the horizontal axis. X1 is an elementary function about Y1, including any one of sine, cosine, logarithmic, and exponential functions. Similarly, for each first slot on the second element, the horizontal axis is the straight edge, and the vertical axis is the line perpendicular to the straight edge. The horizontal axis represents the distance X1 from the end of the first slot furthest from the straight edge to the vertical axis, and the distance Y1 from the end of the first slot furthest from the straight edge to the horizontal axis. X1 is an elementary function about Y1, including any one of sine, cosine, logarithmic, and exponential functions. This design ensures that not only are individual elements symmetrically distributed, but the first and second elements of each subarray are also mirror-symmetrical, with their arc edges adjacent. This adjacent arc edge design allows the antenna to radiate multiple different frequency bands. In this design, the distance between the first and second elements is proportional to the frequency band. This subarray design also ensures that each subarray is symmetrically distributed. Furthermore, the entire antenna's radiation structure is symmetrically distributed, and the isolation between subarrays is equal. To reduce the isolation between subarrays while ensuring the required antenna bandwidth, the angle between the right-angled sides of the first and second elements in the subarray is between 50° and 60°. This angle ensures the antenna's frequency band requirements while reducing the isolation between subarrays, providing omnidirectional radiation and giving the antenna good omnidirectionality.The antenna's feeding structure employs microstrip coupled feeding. To achieve impedance matching, a quarter-wavelength impedance transformation section is added to the end of the microstrip feed line that is electrically connected to the cavity. This antenna features wide bandwidth and omnidirectional operation, making it a promising candidate for widespread application in mobile communications, particularly in 5G indoor distributed antenna systems.

[0065] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the isolation between subarrays versus frequency when the antenna comprises five subarrays, as described in an embodiment of the present invention. (See reference...) Figure 4 The horizontal axis represents the frequency band, and the vertical axis represents the isolation between subarrays. The frequency band is between 2.5GHz and 5.0GHz. The isolation between subarrays changes continuously, but it is always less than 20dB.

[0066] Figure 5 The radiation pattern of the antenna when the antenna includes five subarrays is provided for an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0067] An antenna radiation pattern indicates the directivity of radiation, that is, in which directions the radiation is greater and in which directions the radiation is less. This helps to accurately determine the antenna's orientation in applications.

[0068] As can be seen from the diagram, when the antenna comprises five subarrays, Figure 5 The obtained contour image is not a perfect circle because the antenna is not isotropic. However, the contour is almost circular, indicating that the antenna is nearly isotropic in all directions. This means that when the antenna includes five subarrays, the radiation in all directions is basically consistent, achieving omnidirectional radiation and thus exhibiting good directivity.

[0069] This disclosure provides an electronic device including any of the antennas described in the above embodiments.

[0070] In some examples, the electronic device provided in this disclosure further includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the electronic device can function as either a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides signals in at least one frequency band, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G signals, and transmits these signals to the radio frequency transceiver. After receiving the signal, the antenna in the electronic device can process it through the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and radio frequency transceiver before transmitting it to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.

[0071] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna before transmitting them to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate these signals before sending them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signals and transmits them to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit then transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signals before transmitting them to the receiving end.

[0072] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit. The filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna. During signal transmission by the electronic device, the signal amplifier improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. It combines the signals output from the signal amplifier and power amplifier, filters out noise, and transmits the signals to the antenna, which then radiates the signal. During signal reception by the electronic device, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out noise from the received signal before transmitting it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier increases the gain of the received signal, improving the SNR; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the received signal. The signal received by the antenna is processed by the power amplifier and signal amplifier before being transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.

[0073] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as low-noise amplifiers, without limitation.

[0074] In some examples, the electronic device provided in this disclosure also includes a power management unit connected to a power amplifier and providing the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying signals.

[0075] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna comprising a dielectric substrate, a radiating structure, and a feeding structure; wherein, The dielectric substrate has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction; The power supply structure is disposed on the first surface and includes multiple feed lines; The radiating structure includes multiple subarrays and a connecting portion connecting the multiple subarrays; each subarray includes a first oscillator and a second oscillator; the connecting portion has multiple cavities, one cavity being located between the first oscillator and the second oscillator of one subarray; one cavity is electrically connected to a feed line; wherein... Both the first oscillator and the second oscillator have multiple first slots; For the plurality of first slots on the first oscillator, the depth of the first slot gradually increases from both ends of the first oscillator toward the center, and each first oscillator is symmetrically distributed; and / or, For the multiple first slots on the second oscillator, the depth of the first slot gradually increases from both ends of the second oscillator toward the center, and each second oscillator is symmetrically distributed. The antenna has five subarrays, and the angle between the straight sides of the first and second elements in each subarray is between 50° and 60°; the antenna is symmetrically distributed.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first oscillator and the second oscillator have semi-circular outlines, each with curved edges and straight edges, and the first groove extends through the straight edges.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, For each of the first slots on the first oscillator, the straight edge is taken as the horizontal axis, and the straight line perpendicular to the straight edge is taken as the vertical axis; the horizontal axis represents the distance X1 between the end of the first slot away from the straight edge and the vertical axis, and the distance Y1 between the end of the first slot away from the straight edge and the horizontal axis, where X1 is an elementary function about Y1; the elementary function includes any one of the following: sine function, cosine function, logarithmic function, and exponential function; and / or, For each of the first slots on the second oscillator, the straight side is taken as the horizontal axis, and the straight line perpendicular to the straight side is taken as the vertical axis; the horizontal axis represents the distance X1 between the end of the first slot away from the straight side and the vertical axis, and the distance Y1 between the end of the first slot away from the straight side and the horizontal axis, where X1 is an elementary function about Y1; the elementary function includes any one of the following: sine function, cosine function, logarithmic function, and exponential function.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arc edges of the first oscillator and the second oscillator are adjacent.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first oscillator and the second oscillator are mirror images of each other.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the first oscillator and the second oscillator gradually increases in the direction away from the cavity.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the first slots on the first oscillator is equal; and / or The spacing between each of the first slots on the second oscillator is equal.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ends of each of the feed lines are connected together, and the second ends of each feed line correspond one-to-one with the cavity.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second end of each of the feed lines includes a quarter-wavelength impedance transformation section.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeder is either curved or serpentine.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The cavity includes one of a circular cavity, a rectangular cavity, or an elliptical cavity.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna includes any one of claims 1 to 11.

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