Electrolytic cell electrode current measuring system

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolytic bath electrode current measuring system, and relates to the technical field of current measurement, the electrolytic bath electrode current measuring system comprises an insulating backing plate, a conducting bar, an electrode conducting assembly and an annular optical fiber sensor, the conducting bar is arranged on the insulating backing plate, and a plurality of at least one electrode assembly arranged at intervals are overlapped on the insulating backing plate; the conducting bar is in lap joint with at least one electrode assembly arranged at intervals, the insulating base plate is provided with at least one row of electrode conducting assemblies, the two electrode assemblies in the same row are arranged at intervals, and the annular optical fiber sensor is arranged at the lap joint position of the electrode conducting assemblies and the conducting bar in a sleeving mode. The conducting bars located at the two ends of one electrolytic bath series are electrically connected with a power source, and the annular optical fiber sensors are connected with a photoelectric signal processing module. According to the optical fiber current sensor, the principle that light completely overcomes a background magnetic field in a closed sensing optical fiber ring is utilized, the closed sensing optical fiber ring is processed into a saddle shape surrounding the contact surface of an electrode conducting rod and a conducting bar, and therefore online accurate measurement of electrode current is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of current measurement, and in particular to a system for measuring the electrode current of an electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] In the industrial production process of aqueous electrolytic refining and electrolytic deposition of metals such as copper, lead, zinc, nickel, and manganese, a single electrolytic cell generally contains dozens of anodes and a corresponding number of cathodes. The anodes and cathodes are plate-shaped, called anode plates and cathode plates. The anode plates and cathode plates are arranged crosswise and side by side, and their single-side area can reach 1m 2 Above, a single electrode can pass a current of more than 600 A. The distance between the cathode and anode plates in the electrolytic cell is only tens of millimeters. Local deformation of the electrode surface will cause uneven distribution of current on the electrode surface, increase local current density, and affect the current efficiency and product quality of electrolysis.

[0003] During the electrolysis process, the proportion or composition of additives is unbalanced, resulting in the formation of dendrites on the electrode surface, or the anode mud layer that has not been removed in time is attached to the anode surface. These situations will cause local granulation on the cathode surface and quickly grow into coarse particles. When the coarse particles come into contact with the anode surface, a short circuit will be formed between the cathode and the anode. In extreme cases, electrode deformation sometimes directly causes the cathode and the anode to contact and form a short circuit. After the short circuit occurs, the electrode current can reach more than 3 times the average current, which not only significantly reduces the current efficiency and increases the DC power consumption of the product, but also reduces the cathode quality, and even causes the anode plate, cathode plate and conductive rod to burn and deform. In addition, when the electrode conductive rod and the conductive bar are in poor contact and a short circuit occurs, the metal on the cathode will dissolve. Furthermore, the large deviation of the electrode current will form a higher overvoltage, impurity elements will coprecipitate with the main metal from the solution, and hydrogen ions will also be discharged at the cathode to form hydrogen gas. All these phenomena will significantly reduce the current efficiency and cathode quality. Therefore, the measurement of electrode current is very important for organizing, managing and optimizing the electrolytic production process. The measurement of electrode current can provide a basis for the prediction and rapid detection of electrode short circuit and open circuit as well as uneven electrode current distribution, thereby improving electrolytic current efficiency, reducing product energy consumption and improving product quality.

[0004] Among the current industrial aqueous solution electrolytic cells, only the electrode current online measurement system for copper and zinc electrolytic cells has been developed. The principle is to use Hall elements to measure the magnetic induction intensity generated by the current passing through the electrode conductive rod to estimate the electrode current. Although the interference of the adjacent electrode current is taken into account, the uncertainty of the adjacent electrode current itself, especially the current on the conductive rod of the downstream or upstream tank, also has a significant impact and cannot be determined. As a result, the current measured by this method contains a large error, making it difficult to accurately evaluate the working status of the electrode.

[0005] In the electrolytic industrial production, the online accurate measurement of any electrode current has not been realized. The main reasons are: 1. There are many anodes and cathodes in each electrolytic cell, which leads to a narrow space in the electrolytic cell and a lack of installation space for online electrode current measurement components; 2. During the electrolytic production process, the cathode and anode need to be taken out regularly for metal stripping and electrode maintenance. This operation needs to be performed on the surface of the electrolytic cell. Therefore, the components for online electrode current measurement cannot be installed on the surface of the electrolytic cell, which also makes the components for online electrode current measurement lack of installation space; 3. The electrolyte of water-soluble electrolysis is mostly a mixed solution of strongly acidic electrolytes such as sulfuric acid, which is very corrosive. The protection of measuring components, measuring circuit boards, connecting wires, etc. has also become one of the key measures for successful measurement of electrode current; 4. Although it has successfully realized the online measurement of cathode current in zinc electrolytic cells, due to the background magnetic field interference generated by the electrode currents of multiple electrode currents and upstream and downstream electrolytic cells, what is measured is an estimated value of the electrode current, and its accuracy is only 2-10%, which is difficult to use for accurate evaluation of electrode status. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a system for measuring the electrode current of an electrolytic cell to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and enable the electrode current in the electrolytic cell to be accurately measured online.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a system for measuring the electrode current of an electrolytic cell, comprising an insulating pad, a conductive row, an electrode conductive component and an annular optical fiber sensor, wherein the conductive row is arranged on the insulating pad, at least one electrode component among a plurality of the electrode conductive components arranged at intervals is overlapped on the insulating pad, at least one electrode component among a plurality of the electrode conductive components arranged at intervals is overlapped on the conductive row, at least one row of the electrode conductive components is arranged on the insulating pad, two electrode components in the same row are arranged at intervals and their ends are located in the same electrolytic cell, the annular optical fiber sensor is sleeved at the overlap between the electrode conductive component and the conductive row, and the projected area of ​​the overlap is located within the circle of the annular optical fiber sensor, the conductive rows located at both ends of an electrolytic cell series are electrically connected to a power supply respectively, and the annular optical fiber sensor is connected to a photoelectric signal processing module.

[0009] Preferably, the electrode conductive assembly includes a cathode conductive rod, a cathode plate, an anode conductive rod and an anode plate, the cathode conductive rod is connected to the cathode plate to form a cathode assembly, the anode conductive rod is connected to the anode plate to form an anode assembly, and the cathode plate and the anode plate are both located in the electrolytic cell.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of cathode conductive bars and / or anode conductive bars are overlapped on the conductive bar, and the cathode conductive bars and the anode conductive bars are arranged side by side in one row or two rows at intervals.

[0011] Preferably, the cathode conductive bars and the anode conductive bars in the same row are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval is 100 mm-200 mm.

[0012] Preferably, when a row of cathode conductive rods and a row of anode conductive rods are overlapped on the conductive bar, the insulating pad is fixed on the middle partition of the two electrolytic cells, the two types of electrode conductive rods overlapped by the conductive bar are respectively located in one of the electrolytic cells, and the two rows of electrode conductive rods are arranged opposite to each other and have one-to-one corresponding polarities, and there is no electrical connection between the two electrode conductive rods with the same polarity and arranged opposite to each other.

[0013] Preferably, a detection groove is provided in the length direction of the insulating pad, and the conductive bar is fixedly connected in the detection groove. The conductive bar is made of copper and has a thickness flush with the upper surface of the insulating pad.

[0014] Preferably, at least one row of grooves is arranged at equal intervals along the length direction on the insulating pad, and each row of grooves is provided with a plurality of grooves. A lap boss is arranged between adjacent grooves, and an electrode assembly is respectively arranged on the groove and the lap boss, and the polarities of the two electrode assemblies are opposite. The length of the electrode assembly overlapped with both the conductive row and the groove is greater than the length of the electrode assembly directly overlapped on the lap boss.

[0015] Preferably, the annular optical fiber sensor is overlapped on the upper surface and both side surfaces of the conductive bar, and a protective cover made of insulating material is provided on the annular optical fiber sensor.

[0016] Preferably, the protective cover is in an inverted U-shape and has a plurality of hollow grooves evenly spaced at intervals on the upper surface, and a fiber optic groove and a wire collecting groove are provided on the lower surface. The hollow groove is used to place the electrode assembly, and the fiber optic groove is used to accommodate annular fiber optic sensors. Each of the annular fiber optic sensors is connected to a polarization-maintaining extension fiber, and the wire collecting groove is used to accommodate the polarization-maintaining extension fiber.

[0017] Preferably, the width of the optical fiber groove is 2mm-5mm, and the width of the cable collection groove is 5mm-10mm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0019] The fiber optic current sensor of the present invention utilizes the basic principle that light completely overcomes the background magnetic field in a closed sensing fiber optic ring, and processes the flexible annular fiber optic sensor into a saddle shape surrounding the contact surface of the electrode conductive rod and the conductive row, thereby realizing online and accurate measurement of the electrode current, solving the problems of being unable to detect multi-electrode currents, difficult to detect inter-electrode short circuits, unable to track inter-electrode current distribution, and unable to guarantee cathode product quality during aqueous electrolytic refining or electrolytic deposition of metals such as copper, lead, zinc, nickel, and manganese. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measurement system of the electrode current of the intermediate electrolytic cell in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the principle structure of the electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the end electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective cover in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the protective cover in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1-insulating pad, 2-groove, 3-overlap boss, 4-conductive row, 5-cathode plate, 6-anode plate, 7-cathode conductive rod, 8-anode conductive rod, 9-detection groove, 10-protective cover, 11-optical fiber groove, 12-collecting groove, 13-annular optical fiber sensor, 14-collecting tube, 15-hollow groove, 16-electrolytic cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system for measuring the electrode current of an electrolytic cell to solve the problems existing in the prior art and enable the electrode current in the electrolytic cell to be accurately measured online.

[0031] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, in this embodiment, a system for measuring the electrode current of an electrolytic cell is provided, comprising an insulating pad 1, a conductive row 4, an electrode conductive assembly and an annular optical fiber sensor 13. The conductive row 4 is arranged on the insulating pad 1, and at least one electrode assembly of a plurality of electrode conductive assemblies arranged at intervals is overlapped on the insulating pad 1. The conductive row 4 is overlapped on at least one electrode assembly of a plurality of electrode conductive assemblies arranged at intervals. At least one row of electrode conductive assemblies is arranged on the insulating pad 1, and two electrode assemblies in the same row are arranged at intervals and their ends are located in the same electrolytic cell 16. The annular optical fiber sensor 13 is sleeved at the overlap between the electrode conductive assembly and the conductive row 4, and the projected area of ​​the overlap is located within the circle of the annular optical fiber sensor 13. The conductive rows 4 located at both ends of an electrolytic cell series are electrically connected to the power supply respectively, and the annular optical fiber sensor 13 is connected to a photoelectric signal processing module. In order to measure the current on the cathode conductive rod 7, an annular optical fiber sensor 13 can be placed only at the contact surface between the cathode conductive rod 7 and the conductive bar 4 of the current electrolytic cell 16. An annular optical fiber sensor 13 is placed at the overlapping position of each cathode conductive rod 7 and the conductive bar 4, so that the online measurement of the current of all cathode conductive rods 7 can be achieved. Then, the polarization-maintaining extended optical fibers of all the annular optical fiber sensors 13 can be centrally led out by using a collection tube 14 and connected to the optoelectronic signal processing module to achieve online measurement.

[0033] As an optional solution, the electrode conductive assembly in this embodiment includes a cathode conductive rod 7, a cathode plate 5, an anode conductive rod 8 and an anode plate 6. The cathode conductive rod 7 is connected to the cathode plate 5 to form a cathode assembly, the anode conductive rod 8 is connected to the anode plate 6 to form an anode assembly, and the cathode plate 5 and the anode plate 6 are both located in the electrolytic cell 16.

[0034] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, a plurality of cathode conductive bars 7 and / or anode conductive bars 8 are overlapped on the conductive bar 4, and the cathode conductive bars 7 and the anode conductive bars 8 are arranged side by side in one row or two rows. There is only one row of electrode conductive bars on the insulating pad 1 located at the end electrolytic cell 16, and two rows of electrode conductive bars can be arranged on the insulating pad 1 located between the two electrolytic cells 16, and one row of cathode conductive bars 7 (of the upstream electrolytic cell) and one row of anode conductive bars 8 (of the downstream electrolytic cell) are overlapped (electrically connected) with the conductive bar 4 respectively.

[0035] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the cathode conductive bars 7 and the anode conductive bars 8 in the same row are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval is 100mm-200mm, to ensure the standard distance between the electrodes and avoid contact between the upper ends for conduction. The insulating pad 1 can be made of epoxy resin.

[0036] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, when a row of cathode conductive rods 7 and a row of anode conductive rods 8 are overlapped on the conductive bar 4, the insulating pad 1 is fixed on the middle partition of the two electrolytic cells 16, and the two electrode conductive rods overlapped by the conductive bar 4 are respectively located in one electrolytic cell 16, and the two rows of electrode conductive rods are arranged oppositely and the polarities correspond one to one, and the two electrode conductive rods with the same polarity and arranged oppositely are not electrically connected. This is equivalent to the cathode conductive rod 7 in the upstream electrolytic cell conducting the current to the anode conductive rod 8 in the downstream electrolytic cell through the conductive bar 4, and the anode conductive rod 8 in the downstream electrolytic cell conducting the current to the cathode conductive rod 7 in the downstream electrolytic cell through the electrolyte, and the current is transmitted in sequence until the conductive bar 4 on the last electrolytic cell is connected back to the power supply.

[0037] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, a detection groove 9 is provided in the length direction of the insulating pad 1, and a conductive bar 4 is fixedly connected in the detection groove 9. The conductive bar 4 is made of copper and has a thickness flush with the upper surface of the insulating pad 1. It is a copper rectangular plate with good conductivity.

[0038] As an optional scheme, in this embodiment, at least one row of grooves 2 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction on the insulating pad 1, and a number of grooves 2 are arranged at intervals in each row. The arrangement of the grooves 2 can ensure that the contact surface between the motor conductive rod and the conductive bar 4 is firm and not loose, and the current value on all motor conductive bars can be accurately measured. A lap boss 3 is arranged between adjacent grooves 2, and an electrode assembly is respectively arranged on the grooves 2 and the lap boss 3, and the polarities of the two electrode assemblies are opposite. The length of the electrode assembly overlapped with both the conductive bar 4 and the grooves 2 is greater than the length of the electrode assembly directly overlapped on the lap boss 3, forming a form in which the electrodes correspond to each other in rows and are overlapped in an alternating arrangement.

[0039] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the annular optical fiber sensor is overlapped on the upper surface and both side surfaces of the conductive bar 4, and the portion of the annular optical fiber sensor 13 crossing the conductive bar 4 is bent downward to ensure that the electrode conductive rod can be overlapped on the conductive bar 4, and at the same time, ensure that the electrode conductive rod does not contact, collide and damage the annular optical fiber sensor 13 during the slot surface production operation, and an insulating material protective cover 10 is provided on the annular optical fiber sensor 13. The protective cover 10 can be made of hard plastics such as PVC and fiberglass.

[0040] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the protective cover 10 is in an inverted U shape and has a number of hollow grooves 15 evenly spaced on the upper surface, and a fiber groove 11 and a wire collection groove 12 are provided on the lower surface. The hollow groove 15 is used to place the electrode assembly. The number of the fiber grooves 11 and the hollow grooves 15 corresponds to the number of electrode conductive rods of the upstream and downstream electrolytic cells. The conductive rods are connected to the conductive bar 4 through the hollow grooves 15 to transmit current. The fiber groove 11 is used to accommodate the annular fiber sensor 13. Each annular fiber sensor 13 is connected to a polarization-maintaining extended optical fiber. The wire collection groove 12 is used to accommodate the polarization-maintaining extended optical fiber connected to the photoelectric signal processing module. In this embodiment, the optical fiber sensor uses the basic principle that light completely overcomes the background magnetic field in a closed sensing optical fiber ring. The optical fiber sensor is processed into a saddle ring that surrounds the contact surface between the electrode conductive rod and the conductive bar 4 and is embedded in the protective cover 10, thereby realizing online and accurate measurement of the electrode current.

[0041] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the width of the optical fiber groove 11 is 2mm-5mm, and the width of the cable collection groove 12 is 5mm-10mm. The annular optical fiber sensor 13 and the polarization-maintaining extended optical fiber can be cast in the optical fiber groove 11 and the cable collection groove 12 by potting glue, and form a whole with the protective cover 10 for protection, thereby realizing industrial application.

[0042] This embodiment takes the measurement system of the electrolysis electrode current in two electrolytic cells 16 as an example, and the specific detection process and working principle of the current on the conductive rod are as follows: the anode conductive rod 8 in the upper position of the upstream electrolytic cell is connected to the power supply and conducts the current to the anode plate 6, the anode plate 6 conducts the current to the cathode plate 5 through the electrolyte, the cathode plate 5 transmits the current to the cathode conductive rod 7 in the lower position of the upstream electrolytic cell, and then the cathode conductive rod 7 conducts the current to the conductive bar 4, and then transmits it to the anode plate 6 through the anode conductive rod 8 of the downstream electrolytic cell, and then transmits it to the cathode plate 5 and the anode conductive rod 8 in the downstream electrolytic cell through the electrolyte. The anode conductive rod 8 of the upstream electrolytic cell and the cathode conductive rod 7 of the downstream electrolytic cell are respectively placed on the overlapping bosses 3 on both sides of the insulating pad 1 between the two cells, and are not connected to the conductive bar 4 and the opposite conductive rods, and this is repeated to realize the transmission of direct current in the electrolytic series and realize electrolytic production. An annular optical fiber sensor 13 is placed at the joint of the corresponding electrode conductive rod and the conductive row 4, and is connected to the photoelectric signal processing module for processing and display through the polarization-maintaining extended optical fiber, so that the online measurement of the current on the corresponding electrode conductive rod can be achieved.

[0043] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for measuring the electrode current of an electrolytic cell, characterized in that: It includes an insulating pad, a conductive row, an electrode conductive component and an annular optical fiber sensor, wherein the conductive row is arranged on the insulating pad, at least one electrode component among a plurality of electrode conductive components arranged at intervals is overlapped on the insulating pad, at least one electrode component among a plurality of electrode conductive components arranged at intervals is overlapped on the conductive row, at least one row of electrode conductive components is arranged on the insulating pad, two electrode components in the same row are arranged at intervals and their ends are located in the same electrolytic cell, the annular optical fiber sensor is sleeved at the overlap between the electrode conductive component and the conductive row, and the projected area of ​​the overlap is located within the circle of the annular optical fiber sensor, the conductive rows located at both ends of an electrolytic cell series are electrically connected to a power supply respectively, and the annular optical fiber sensor is connected to a photoelectric signal processing module.

2. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode conductive assembly includes a cathode conductive rod, a cathode plate, an anode conductive rod and an anode plate. The cathode conductive rod is connected to the cathode plate to form a cathode assembly. The anode conductive rod is connected to the anode plate to form an anode assembly. Both the cathode plate and the anode plate are located in the electrolytic cell.

3. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of cathode conductive bars and / or anode conductive bars are overlapped on the conductive bar, and the cathode conductive bars and the anode conductive bars are arranged side by side in one row or two rows at intervals.

4. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cathode conductive bars and the anode conductive bars in the same row are arranged at equal intervals, and the interval is 100 mm-200 mm.

5. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When a row of cathode conductive rods and a row of anode conductive rods are overlapped on the conductive bar, the insulating pad is fixed on the middle partition of the two electrolytic cells, the two types of electrode conductive rods overlapped by the conductive bar are respectively located in one of the electrolytic cells, and the two rows of electrode conductive rods are arranged opposite to each other and have one-to-one corresponding polarities, and there is no electrical connection between the two electrode conductive rods with the same polarity and arranged opposite to each other.

6. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A detection groove is arranged in the length direction of the insulating pad, and the conductive bar is fixedly connected in the detection groove. The conductive bar is made of copper and has a thickness flush with the upper surface of the insulating pad.

7. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one row of grooves is arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the insulating pad, and each row of grooves is provided with a plurality of grooves. A lap boss is arranged between adjacent grooves, and an electrode assembly is respectively arranged on the groove and the lap boss, and the polarities of the two electrode assemblies are opposite. The length of the electrode assembly overlapped with both the conductive row and the groove is greater than the length of the electrode assembly directly overlapped on the lap boss.

8. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular optical fiber sensor is overlapped on the upper surface and two side surfaces of the conductive row, and a protective cover made of insulating material is provided on the annular optical fiber sensor.

9. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The protective cover is in an inverted U-shape and has a plurality of hollow grooves evenly spaced on the upper surface, and a fiber optic groove and a wire collecting groove are provided on the lower surface. The hollow groove is used to place the electrode assembly, and the fiber optic groove is used to accommodate annular fiber optic sensors. Each of the annular fiber optic sensors is connected to a polarization-maintaining extension fiber, and the wire collecting groove is used to accommodate the polarization-maintaining extension fiber.

10. The electrolytic cell electrode current measurement system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The width of the optical fiber groove is 2mm-5mm, and the width of the cable collection groove is 5mm-10mm.

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