Device and method for recovering acetylene from acetylene diol synthesis tail gas

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of acetylene recovery and treatment technology, specifically to an apparatus and method for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylenic diol synthesis. The apparatus includes three condensers, each comprising a condenser body, an upper end cap, and a lower end cap. The upper end cap has a gas outlet at its top, and the lower end cap has a liquid outlet at its bottom. A condenser tube is disposed within the condenser body. A rotating shaft is disposed along its axial direction inside the condenser, with an opening and closing assembly mounted on its top. A turntable is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a dam is disposed on the turntable. Several push plates are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the dam, and filter holes are formed at the bottom of the turntable. An inlet pipe is installed on the condenser body, parallel to the tangential plane of the condenser body, with its opening facing the push plates. The apparatus and method provided by this invention fully separate the components in the tail gas, removing impurities for direct use and cost savings; it also reduces the amount of other substances contained in acetylene, enhancing the purity of acetylene recovery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of acetylene recovery and treatment technology, specifically to an apparatus and method for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylenic diol synthesis. Background Technology

[0002] Recycling the exhaust gas generated during the preparation of acetylene diol would reduce the overall reaction efficiency; if the exhaust gas were directly released into the atmosphere, the harmful components in the exhaust gas would pollute the air or soil. Therefore, recovering the acetylene in the exhaust gas from the synthesis of acetylene diol can save costs and avoid environmental pollution.

[0003] Chinese patent document (publication number: CN115990436A) discloses a method for hydrogenating acetylene removal from acetylene tail gas. This invention relates to the field of acetylene tail gas treatment and discloses a method for hydrogenating acetylene removal from acetylene tail gas. The feed gas is treated using a hydrogenation acetylene removal system, which includes a first hydrogenation acetylene removal reactor and a second hydrogenation acetylene removal reactor. The first and second hydrogenation acetylene removal reactors are connected in series or parallel, and both reactors are filled with the same type of catalyst. The acetylene content in the treated feed gas is <5 ppm. This method allows for the timely activation of the second hydrogenation acetylene removal reactor after the catalyst activity in the first reactor decreases, without requiring equipment shutdown and ensuring stable system operation. After the second reactor is activated, the first reactor serves as a pre-acetylene removal reactor, which both depletes the catalyst in the first reactor and extends the service life of newly replaced hydrogenation acetylene removal catalysts.

[0004] In existing technologies, the separation of harmful components in exhaust gas is insufficient, which can easily cause environmental pollution. The purity of recovered acetylene is also poor. Furthermore, the separated components contain other impurities that are difficult to utilize directly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an apparatus for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylenic diol synthesis. The apparatus fully separates the components in the tail gas, removes impurities, and facilitates direct use; it also reduces the possibility of other substances in the acetylene and enhances the purity of the recovered acetylene.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An apparatus for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylenic diol synthesis includes three condensers. Each condenser includes a condenser body, an upper end cap, and a lower end cap. The upper end cap has a gas outlet at its top and a liquid outlet at its bottom. A condenser tube is installed inside the condenser body. A rotating shaft is arranged along the axial direction inside the condenser, and an opening and closing assembly is installed at the top of the rotating shaft. A turntable is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a dam is set on the turntable. Several push plates are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the dam, and filter holes are opened at the bottom of the turntable. An air inlet pipe is installed on the condenser body, and the air inlet pipe is arranged parallel to the tangential plane of the condenser body, with the inlet of the air inlet pipe facing the push plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the opening and closing assembly includes several support rods fixed on a rotating shaft, a blade is rotatably sleeved on the support rod, a limiting groove is formed on the blade, a protrusion is fixed on the support rod, and the limiting groove is slidably sleeved on the outside of the protrusion.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the air intake pipe includes a first air intake pipe and a second air intake pipe, which are located on opposite sides of the condenser body, and the openings of the first air intake pipe and the second air intake pipe face opposite directions. When air is intakeed, the first air intake pipe and the second air intake pipe drive the push plate and the turntable to rotate together.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, differential pressure valves are installed on both the first and second air intake pipes.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a float valve is installed on the liquid outlet.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom of the condenser body extends outward and is widened, and a drip edge is provided at the connection between the widened part of the condenser body and the condenser body, the drip edge being located inside the cofferdam.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the three condensers include a first condenser, a second condenser, and a third condenser; the outlet of the first condenser is connected to the inlet pipe of the second condenser, and the outlet of the second condenser is connected to the inlet pipe of the third condenser.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, an annular groove is provided inside the widened portion of the condenser body, and several protrusions are provided on the outer periphery of the cofferdam, with the protrusions sliding against the inner wall of the annular groove.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, support seats are fixed on the inner walls of the upper and lower end caps, and the rotating shaft is mounted on the support seats at both ends via bearings.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the blade is inclined at an angle of 30-40 degrees to the vertical plane.

[0017] A preferred embodiment of the method for recovering acetylene using the apparatus includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Heat the exhaust gas to 265-285 degrees Celsius under normal pressure to obtain a mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone, tetramethyldecynediol and acetylene.

[0019] S2. The mixed vapor obtained in S1 is introduced into the inlet pipe of the first condenser. The temperature of the condenser inside the first condenser is set to 225-235 degrees Celsius. Liquid tetramethyldecynediol is obtained from the liquid outlet of the first condenser. Mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone and acetylene is collected from the gas outlet of the first condenser.

[0020] S3. The mixed vapor obtained in step S2 is introduced into the inlet pipe of the second condenser. The temperature of the condenser inside the second condenser is set to 114-124 degrees Celsius. Liquid methyl isopentyl ketone is obtained from the liquid outlet of the second condenser. Mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether and acetylene is collected from the gas outlet of the second condenser.

[0021] S4. The mixed vapor obtained in step S3 is introduced into the inlet pipe of the third condenser. The temperature of the condenser inside the third condenser is set to 30-40 degrees Celsius. Liquid methyl tert-butyl ether is obtained from the liquid outlet of the third condenser, and gaseous acetylene is collected from the gas outlet of the third condenser.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In this invention, the tail gas from the synthesis of acetylenol includes methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone, tetramethyldecynediol, potassium hydroxide, and acetylene. Methyl tert-butyl ether is carcinogenic to humans and can also leach into the soil, causing environmental pollution. Methyl isopentyl ketone can cause irritation or poisoning symptoms in humans. Potassium hydroxide easily disrupts the pH of the soil, causing environmental damage. Based on the significant differences in the boiling points of the components, distillation is used for separation. First, the tail gas is heated to 265-285 degrees Celsius (at normal pressure) to separate the potassium hydroxide, yielding a mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone, tetramethyldecynediol, and acetylene. This mixed vapor is then sequentially passed through three condensers connected in series in this apparatus for liquefaction and collection, finally yielding gaseous acetylene.

[0024] This invention extends the residence time and contact area of ​​the mixed steam inside the condenser, preventing incomplete liquefaction of the mixed steam entering the condenser and thus preventing it from proceeding to the next process. Simultaneously, the rotating disc rapidly filters the collected liquid, improving recovery quality. The mixed steam impacts the disc tangentially, increasing its power and facilitating thorough liquefaction of the dispersed steam by ensuring sufficient contact with the condenser tubes. This prevents direct contact between the mixed steam from the inlet pipe and the condenser tubes under significant temperature differences, preventing operational fluctuations caused by the rapid entry of condensed gas into the condensation space and improving the stability of the device during operation. The inclined blades create a downward rotating airflow during rotation, pushing and dispersing the airflow downwards, slowing the rapid outflow of the rising airflow, extending the residence time of the mixed steam inside the condenser, increasing the contact area between the mixed steam and the condenser tubes, and improving liquefaction efficiency and quality.

[0025] 2. In the device of the present invention, the airflow in the inlet pipe impacts the push plate, which drives the turntable to rotate. The turntable drives the rotating shaft and support rod to rotate together, and the blades rotate accordingly. During the rotation, the blades form a downward rotating airflow, which slows down the rapid upward flow of the mixed steam and improves the liquefaction efficiency. When the airflow pressure in the inlet pipe is high, it drives the turntable to rotate rapidly. The turntable drives the rotating shaft and support rod to rotate rapidly. During the rapid rotation of the blades, they tend to be horizontal, and less mixed steam flows out through the outlet. The pressure inside the condenser increases. When the pressure difference on both sides of the differential pressure valve decreases to the set value, the differential pressure valve automatically closes, stopping the delivery and prolonging the contact time between the mixed steam inside the condenser and the condenser tube, so that the mixed steam is fully liquefied. When the mixed steam inside the condenser... When the pressure decreases, the internal pressure drops, and there is no airflow impacting the push plate at the inlet of the air inlet. The turntable and impeller both stop rotating. Under the action of gravity, the impeller naturally rotates and droops, reopening the upper channel. The mixed steam inside the condenser flows out, and the pressure decreases. At this time, when the pressure difference on both sides of the differential pressure valve increases to the set value, the differential pressure valve automatically opens. The airflow enters the condenser through the first and second air inlet pipes, impacting the push plate and driving the turntable and impeller to rotate together. When the pressure is high, the impeller rotates again to a horizontal state to cooperate with the differential pressure valve, realizing automatic cycle operation. The device of the present invention extends the residence time of the mixed steam inside the condenser, avoiding the mixed steam entering the condenser with insufficient liquefaction and entering the next process, which would affect the quality of recovery.

[0026] 3. In the device of the present invention, a rotating shaft is provided inside the condenser, and a turntable is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft. A dam is provided on the turntable, and several push plates are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the dam. The airflow from the first and second air inlets on the condenser body acts on the push plates, and the push plates drive the turntable to rotate. The first and second air inlets enter parallel to the tangential plane of the condenser body, causing the airflow entering the condenser body to form a swirling upward flow, then approaching the condenser tube, increasing the contact area between the mixed steam and the condenser tube, and accelerating the liquefaction of the mixed steam. When the airflow from the first and second air inlets impacts the push plates, the mixed steam... Steam dispersion facilitates more thorough contact between the mixed steam and the condenser tubes, leading to liquefaction. It also prevents the mixed steam from the inlet pipe from directly contacting the condenser tubes when there is a large temperature difference, thus preventing operational fluctuations caused by the rapid entry of condensed gas into the condensation space and improving the stability of the device during operation. Extending and widening the bottom of the condenser body outwards to create a drip edge, located inside the cofferdam, further collects the liquefied liquid to the bottom of the rotary table. After filtration by the rotary table, the liquid flows into the lower head, further reducing impurities and resulting in purified liquid, thus improving the quality of the recovery.

[0027] 4. In the device of the present invention, the support rod is fixedly installed on the upper part of the rotating shaft. During the rotation of the rotating shaft, the support rod is driven to rotate together. A blade is movably sleeved on the support rod, and a protrusion is fixed on the support rod. The limiting groove of the support rod is sleeved on the outside of the protrusion, and the protrusion limits the blade. The inclination angle between the blade and the vertical plane is 30-40 degrees. During the rotation of the support rod, the blade rotates with it. The blade with the inclination angle forms a downward rotating airflow during the rotation. The blade with the inclination angle pushes the rotating airflow downward and disperses it, slowing down the rapid outflow of the rising airflow, prolonging the residence time of the mixed steam in the condenser, increasing the contact area between the mixed steam and the condenser tube, and improving the efficiency and quality of liquefaction. Under normal conditions, the blade has an inclination angle, making it easier to form a horizontal position during rotation. It can form a certain sealing state in a short time, shortening the time of mixed steam loss and improving the quality and efficiency of recovery. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of part of the device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the support rod and blade mounting structure of the device of the present invention;

[0031] In the diagram: condenser body - 10; upper end cap - 11; lower end cap - 12; liquid outlet - 13; gas outlet - 14; first air inlet pipe - 15; second air inlet pipe - 16; condenser pipe outlet - 17; condenser pipe inlet - 18; condenser pipe - 19; rotating shaft - 20; support base - 21; turntable - 22; cofferdam - 23; thrust plate - 24; filter hole - 25; strut - 26; blade plate - 27; protrusion - 28; limiting groove - 29. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

[0033] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] like Figures 1-3 As shown, an apparatus for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylene diol synthesis includes three condensers. Each condenser includes a condenser body 10, an upper end cap 11, and a lower end cap 12. The upper end cap 11 has an outlet 14 at its top, and the lower end cap 12 has a liquid outlet 13 at its bottom. A condenser tube 19 is installed inside the condenser body 10. A rotating shaft 20 is arranged along the axial direction inside the condenser. An opening and closing assembly is installed on the top of the rotating shaft 20. A turntable 22 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 20. A dam 23 is provided on the turntable 22. Several push plates 24 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the dam 23. Filter holes 25 are opened at the bottom of the turntable 22. An air inlet pipe is installed on the condenser body 10. The air inlet pipe is arranged parallel to the tangential plane of the condenser body 10, and the inlet of the air inlet pipe faces the push plate 24.

[0035] In this invention, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), methyl isopentyl ketone (MIBK), and potassium hydroxide are added to a reaction vessel, and then acetylene is introduced to react and generate tetramethyldecynediol. The tail gas from the synthesis of acetylenediol contains methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone, acetylenediol, and acetylene. Direct emission of these substances into the atmosphere would cause significant pollution to the natural environment and would also result in energy waste.

[0036] Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is toxic and may cause cancer in humans at high concentrations. It can also affect the upper respiratory tract and eye mucous membranes. Methyl tert-butyl ether is easily mixed with water and can seep into the soil, damaging groundwater quality and causing pollution in the natural environment.

[0037] Methyl isopentyl ketone (MIBK) is toxic and can cause central nervous system depression and anesthesia, as well as gastrointestinal reactions such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and diarrhea, and respiratory irritation. When in contact with skin, MIBK can cause irritation or corrosion. Contact with eyes can cause eye irritation, discomfort, or damage. Ingestion of MIBK may lead to poisoning symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

[0038] Potassium hydroxide (chemical formula: KOH) is a highly alkaline chemical substance that is extremely soluble in water, releasing a large amount of heat, and its aqueous solution is strongly alkaline. It is highly corrosive, causing burns to tissues, especially severely damaging mucous membranes. When potassium hydroxide dissolves in soil, it disrupts the soil's pH balance, affecting the growth of plants and animals and causing significant negative environmental impacts.

[0039] Acetylene (chemical formula: C2H2) is a colorless gas at room temperature and pressure. Industrial products sometimes have an unpleasant garlic odor due to impurities. Acetylene itself has anesthetic properties and is somewhat toxic; its anesthetic effect is much stronger than that of mono-olefins. Inhalation of high concentrations of acetylene produces a drunken-like excitement, causing drowsiness, cyanosis, fixed pupils, and irregular pulse. Upon awakening, patients often experience amnesia regarding the events leading up to the incident. Acetylene is an extremely flammable gas; when mixed with air, it can explode upon contact with a ignition source.

[0040] Acetylene is an important reaction component in industrial production and has high economic value. Recycling the mixture containing acetylene in the exhaust gas can realize certain value. However, the exhaust gas recycling in this invention will reduce the overall reaction efficiency. Therefore, the acetylene in the exhaust gas of acetylenide diol synthesis is recovered to save costs and avoid environmental pollution.

[0041] In this invention, based on the different boiling points of the components in the exhaust gas mixture, the mixture is heated and vaporized, and then liquefied by passing it through condensers at different temperatures to separate the different components.

[0042] At room temperature and pressure, methyl tert-butyl ether is a liquid with a boiling point of 55 degrees Celsius and a freezing point of -110 degrees Celsius; acetylene is a gas with a boiling point of -83 degrees Celsius; methyl isopentyl ketone is a liquid with a boiling point of 144 degrees Celsius and a freezing point of -73.9 degrees Celsius; tetramethyldecynyl diol is a solid with a boiling point of 255 degrees Celsius and a melting point of 58 degrees Celsius; and potassium hydroxide is a solid with a boiling point of 1320 degrees Celsius and a melting point of 380 degrees Celsius.

[0043] In the process of separating the exhaust gas components, the exhaust gas is first heated to 285 degrees Celsius to vaporize methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone, and tetramethyldecynediol, and to separate the solid potassium hydroxide. Then, the mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone, tetramethyldecynediol, and acetylene is passed through three condensers connected in series. According to their different boiling points, acetylene glycol, methyl isopentyl ketone, and methyl tert-butyl ether are separated in sequence to obtain acetylene. The first condenser collects the liquefied tetramethyldecynediol, the second condenser collects the liquefied methyl isopentyl ketone, and the third condenser collects the liquefied methyl tert-butyl ether. Acetylene is collected from the outlet of the third condenser.

[0044] In the device of the present invention, a rotating shaft 20 is arranged along the axial direction inside the condenser. A turntable 22 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 20. A dam 23 is provided on the turntable 22, and several push plates 24 are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the dam 23. A first air inlet pipe 15 and a second air inlet pipe 16 are installed on the condenser body 10. The airflow from the first air inlet pipe 15 and the second air inlet pipe 16 acts on the push plates 24, and the push plates 24 drive the turntable 22 to rotate. The first air inlet pipe 15 and the second air inlet pipe 16 enter parallel to the tangential plane of the condenser body, allowing air to enter the condenser body. The airflow inside the body forms a swirling upward flow, then approaches the condenser tube 19, increasing the contact area between the mixed steam and the condenser tube 19, and accelerating the liquefaction of the mixed steam. When the airflow from the first inlet pipe 15 and the second inlet pipe 16 impacts the push plate 24, the airflow is dispersed, which facilitates the airflow to contact the condenser tube 19 more fully to form liquefaction. At the same time, it avoids the airflow from the inlet pipe from directly contacting the condenser tube 19 when there is a large temperature difference between hot and cold, and prevents the condensed gas from rapidly entering the condensation space, which would cause operational fluctuations and improve the stability of the device during operation.

[0045] The bottom of the turntable 22 is provided with filter holes 25, which facilitate the flow of liquid to the outlet 13. The turntable 22 receives the liquefied material inside the condenser and then flows through the filter holes 25 to the outlet 13. The turntable 22 plays a filtering role in the liquefied material, reducing impurities in the liquefied material at the outlet 13, improving the quality of the liquid output, and saving additional equipment and operating steps.

[0046] Furthermore, the opening and closing assembly includes several support rods 26 fixed on the rotating shaft 20, a blade plate 27 is rotatably sleeved on the support rod 26, a limiting groove 29 is formed on the blade plate 27, a protrusion 28 is fixed on the support rod 26, and the limiting groove 29 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the protrusion 28.

[0047] Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, six support rods 26 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the rotating shaft 20. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 20, the support rods 26 are rotated together. A blade plate 27 is movably sleeved on the support rod 26. A protrusion 28 is fixed on the support rod 26. A limiting groove 29 of the support rod 26 is sleeved on the outside of the protrusion 28. The protrusion 28 limits the position of the blade plate 27.

[0048] Under normal conditions, constrained by the protrusion 28, the blade 27 forms an inclination angle of 30-40 degrees with the vertical plane. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, preferably 35 degrees; during operation, when the inlet pressure is high, the drive plate 24 and turntable 22 are driven to rotate rapidly, which in turn drives the support rod 26 and blade 27 to rotate rapidly. The blade 27 can rotate to a horizontal state. When several blades 27 are in a horizontal state at the same time, they play a certain sealing role inside the condenser. During the continuous gas delivery process of the inlet pipe, keeping the blade 27 horizontal can increase the pressure inside the condenser.

[0049] In this invention, during the continuous air supply through the intake pipe, the airflow pushes the push plate 24 and the turntable 22 to rotate together. The turntable 22 drives the rotating shaft 20 and the support rod 26 to rotate together. Since the blade 27 is inclined, when the rotating shaft 20 rotates to a certain speed, the airflow pushes the blade 27 to rotate towards a horizontal state, reducing the amount of gas flowing out through the outlet 14. At this time, the pressure inside the condenser increases, further pushing the blade 27 to a horizontal state. During this process, the blade 27 slows down the rapid discharge of the airflow through the outlet 14, delays the residence time of the mixed steam inside the condenser, improves the efficiency of the mixed steam to be converted into liquid, and improves the purity of the exhaust gas components collected.

[0050] Furthermore, the air intake pipe includes a first air intake pipe 15 and a second air intake pipe 16. The first air intake pipe 15 and the second air intake pipe 16 are located on both sides of the condenser body 10, and the openings of the first air intake pipe 15 and the second air intake pipe 16 face opposite directions. When air is intakeed, the first air intake pipe 15 and the second air intake pipe 16 drive the push plate 24 and the turntable 22 to rotate together.

[0051] Figure 1As shown, the first intake pipe 15 and the second intake pipe 16 are located on both sides of the condenser body 10, and the intake pipe openings face each other, with both intake pipe openings facing the direction of rotation of the turntable 22. During the rotation of the turntable 22, the pipe openings on both sides simultaneously output airflow that acts on the push plate 24, improving the stability of the turntable during rotation. Converting a single gas inlet into two or more facilitates a more uniform distribution of airflow for liquefaction. At the same time, the multi-directional airflow impact generates a greater linear velocity on the turntable 22. The rapidly rotating turntable 22 further promotes the dispersion of airflow and also promotes the horizontal distribution of the blades 24.

[0052] Furthermore, differential pressure valves are installed on both the first intake pipe 15 and the second intake pipe 16.

[0053] A differential pressure valve is a regulating valve whose main function is to control fluid flow based on the pressure difference between two different locations. The differential pressure valve can automatically adjust to ensure that the pressure difference between the two locations remains within a preset range. When the pressure difference exceeds the set value, the differential pressure valve responds quickly by adjusting its opening to release fluid, bringing the pressure difference back within the preset range. When the pressure difference reaches the set value, the differential pressure valve automatically stops. Differential pressure valves are commercially available and are existing technology; therefore, they will not be described in detail here.

[0054] In this invention, differential pressure valves are installed on both the first intake pipe 15 and the second intake pipe 16. When the blades 24 inside the condenser are in a horizontal state during rotation, the airflow through the outlet 14 is less, the pressure inside the condenser increases, and when the pressure difference across the differential pressure valve decreases to a set value, the differential pressure valve automatically closes, stopping the delivery. At this time, the contact time between the mixed steam inside the condenser and the condenser pipe 19 is extended, the mixed steam is fully liquefied, the mixed steam is reduced, the pressure inside the condenser decreases, and there is no airflow impacting the push plate 24, turntable 22, rotating shaft 20, and support at the intake pipe inlet. Both rod 26 and blade 27 stop rotating. Under the action of gravity, blade 27 naturally rotates and droops, reopening the upper channel and allowing the airflow inside the condenser to flow out, thus reducing the pressure. At this time, the pressure difference on both sides of the differential pressure valve increases. When the pressure difference reaches the set value, the differential pressure valve automatically opens, and the airflow enters the condenser through the first intake pipe 15 and the second intake pipe 16, impacting the push plate 24 and driving the turntable 22 to rotate, thus achieving automatic circulation operation. This extends the residence time of the airflow inside the condenser, preventing the mixed steam entering the condenser from being insufficiently liquefied and entering the next process, which would affect the process quality.

[0055] The condenser inlet 18 is located at the end away from the first air inlet pipe 15 and the second air inlet pipe 16, and the condenser outlet 17 is located at the end close to the first air inlet pipe 15 and the second air inlet pipe 16. The temperature of the condenser inlet section is lower than that of the condenser outlet section. When the gas flowing out of the air inlet pipe comes into contact with the condenser outlet section, the temperature difference is relatively small, reducing the possibility of equipment operation fluctuations.

[0056] Furthermore, a float valve (not shown in the figure) is installed on the liquid outlet 13.

[0057] The float valve is installed at the liquid outlet. When the liquid level is higher than the set value, the float generates buoyancy, causing the float valve to open and the liquid to flow out; when the liquid level is lower than the set value, the float valve closes.

[0058] Float valves are commercially available and are existing technology, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0059] In this invention, a float valve is installed at the liquid outlet 13 (not shown in the figure; during actual installation, the position of the support base 21 is moved upwards to facilitate the installation of the float valve). When the liquid level at the lower end cap 12 is higher than the set value, the float generates buoyancy to open the float valve, allowing liquid to flow out. When the liquid level at the lower end cap 12 is lower than the set value, the float valve closes, and the liquid inside the lower end cap 12 acts as a liquid seal for the liquid outlet 13, preventing the pressure inside the condenser from leaking out through the liquid outlet 13. This facilitates the cooperation between the differential pressure valve and the vane 27 to achieve automatic circulation operation under pressure difference conditions.

[0060] Furthermore, the bottom of the condenser body 10 is widened and extended outwards, and a drip edge is provided at the connection between the widened part of the condenser body 10 and the condenser body 10, and the drip edge is located inside the cofferdam 23.

[0061] Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the condenser body 10 is extended and widened outward to form a drip edge, which is located inside the weir 23. The liquefied liquid is then collected at the bottom of the turntable 22 and flows through the filter hole 25 into the lower head 12, further reducing the mixing of impurities and obtaining purified liquid, thus improving the quality of recovery.

[0062] A filter screen can also be installed at the bottom of the turntable 22 to further purify and remove impurities from the liquefied liquid.

[0063] Furthermore, the three condensers include a first condenser, a second condenser, and a third condenser; the outlet 14 of the first condenser is connected to the first inlet pipe 15 and the second inlet pipe 16 of the second condenser; the outlet 14 of the second condenser is connected to the first inlet pipe 15 and the second inlet pipe 16 of the third condenser.

[0064] The condenser tube inside the first condenser is set to a temperature of 225-235 degrees Celsius and is used to liquefy tetramethyldecynediol; the condenser tube inside the second condenser is set to a temperature of 114-124 degrees Celsius and is used to liquefy methyl isopentyl ketone; the condenser tube inside the third condenser is set to a temperature of 30-40 degrees Celsius and is used to liquefy methyl tert-butyl ether.

[0065] Furthermore, an annular groove (not shown in the figure) is provided inside the widened portion of the condenser body 10, and several protrusions (not shown in the figure) are provided on the outer periphery of the cofferdam 23, the protrusions sliding against the inner wall of the annular groove.

[0066] The stability of the turntable 22 is enhanced by setting protrusions that slide against the inner wall of the annular groove. During installation, the protrusions can be inserted into the annular groove through the inner wall of the cofferdam 23.

[0067] Furthermore, support seats 21 are fixed on the inner walls of the upper end cap 11 and the lower end cap 12 respectively, and the rotating shaft 20 is mounted on the support seats 21 at both ends through bearings.

[0068] The support base 21 provides support and fixation for the rotating shaft 20. The bearings installed inside reduce resistance and ensure smooth rotation.

[0069] Furthermore, the inclination angle between the blade 27 and the vertical plane is 30-40 degrees, preferably 35 degrees.

[0070] When the turntable 22 rotates, the shaft 20, the support rod 26, and the blade 27 rotate together. During the rotation of the support rod 26, the blade rotates as well. The blade 27, which has an inclined angle, forms a downward rotating airflow during rotation. The blade 27, with its inclined angle, pushes the rotating airflow downward, slowing down the rapid outflow of the airflow below, increasing the contact area between the mixed steam and the condenser tube, prolonging the residence time of the mixed steam in the condenser, and improving the efficiency and quality of liquefaction. Under normal conditions, the blade 27 has an inclined angle. During rotation, if the rotation speed is increased, the blade 27 is more likely to become horizontal, which can form a certain sealing state in a shorter time, shortening the time of mixed steam loss and improving process quality and efficiency.

[0071] A method for recovering acetylene using the apparatus according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0072] S1. Heat the exhaust gas to 265-285 degrees Celsius under normal pressure to obtain a mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone, tetramethyldecynediol and acetylene.

[0073] S2. The mixed vapor obtained in S1 is introduced into the first inlet pipe 15 and the second inlet pipe 16 of the first condenser. The temperature of the condenser inside the first condenser is set to 225-235 degrees Celsius. Liquid tetramethyldecynediol is obtained from the liquid outlet 13 of the first condenser. Mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone and acetylene is collected from the gas outlet 14 of the first condenser.

[0074] S3. The mixed vapor obtained in step S2 is introduced into the first inlet pipe 15 and the second inlet pipe 16 of the second condenser. The temperature of the condenser inside the second condenser is set to 114-124 degrees Celsius. Liquid methyl isopentyl ketone is obtained from the liquid outlet 13 of the second condenser. Mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether and acetylene is collected from the gas outlet 14 of the second condenser.

[0075] S4. The mixed vapor obtained in step S3 is introduced into the first inlet pipe 15 and the second inlet pipe 16 of the third condenser. The temperature of the condenser tube inside the third condenser is set to 30-40 degrees Celsius. Liquid methyl tert-butyl ether is obtained from the liquid outlet 13 of the third condenser, and gaseous acetylene is collected from the gas outlet 14 of the third condenser.

[0076] The present invention has been illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that all related improvements to the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylenic diol synthesis, comprising three condensers, each condenser comprising a condenser body (10), an upper end cap (11), and a lower end cap (12), characterized in that, An air outlet (14) is opened at the top of the upper end cap (11), and a liquid outlet (13) is opened at the bottom of the lower end cap (12). A condenser tube (19) is installed inside the condenser body (10). A rotating shaft (20) is arranged along the axial direction inside the condenser. An opening and closing component is installed at the top of the rotating shaft (20). A turntable (22) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (20). A dam (23) is set on the turntable (22). Several push plates (24) are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the dam (23). A filter hole (25) is opened at the bottom of the turntable (22). An air inlet pipe is installed on the condenser body (10). The air inlet pipe is arranged parallel to the tangent plane of the condenser body (10). The inlet of the air inlet pipe faces the push plate (24). The opening and closing assembly includes several support rods (26) fixed on the rotating shaft (20), a blade plate (27) is rotatably sleeved on the support rod (26), a limiting groove (29) is provided on the blade plate (27), a protrusion (28) is fixed on the support rod (26), and the limiting groove (29) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the protrusion (28); The intake pipe includes a first intake pipe (15) and a second intake pipe (16). The first intake pipe (15) and the second intake pipe (16) are located on both sides of the condenser body (10), and the openings of the first intake pipe (15) and the second intake pipe (16) face opposite directions. When intake is performed, the first intake pipe (15) and the second intake pipe (16) drive the push plate (24) and the turntable (22) to rotate in the same direction. The three condensers include a first condenser, a second condenser, and a third condenser; the outlet (14) of the first condenser is connected to the first inlet pipe (15) and the second inlet pipe (16) of the second condenser, and the outlet (14) of the second condenser is connected to the first inlet pipe (15) and the second inlet pipe (16) of the third condenser. The blade (27) is inclined at an angle of 30-40 degrees to the vertical plane.

2. The apparatus for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylene diol synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that, Differential pressure valves are installed on both the first air intake pipe (15) and the second air intake pipe (16).

3. The apparatus for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylene diol synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that, A float valve is installed on the liquid outlet (13).

4. The apparatus for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylene diol synthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the condenser body (10) is widened and extended outward. A drip edge is provided at the connection between the widened part of the condenser body (10) and the condenser body (10), and the drip edge is located inside the cofferdam (23).

5. The apparatus for recovering acetylene from the tail gas of acetylene diol synthesis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The widened part of the condenser body (10) is provided with an annular groove, and the outer periphery of the dam (23) is provided with several protrusions, which slide against the inner wall of the annular groove.

6. A method for recovering acetylene using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Heat the exhaust gas to 265-285 degrees Celsius under normal pressure to obtain a mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone, tetramethyldecynediol and acetylene. S2. The mixed vapor obtained in S1 is introduced into the first inlet pipe (15) and the second inlet pipe (16) of the first condenser. The temperature of the condenser inside the first condenser is set to 225-235 degrees Celsius. Liquid tetramethyldecynediol is obtained from the liquid outlet (13) of the first condenser. A mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl isopentyl ketone and acetylene is collected from the gas outlet (14) of the first condenser. S3. The mixed vapor obtained in step S2 is introduced into the first inlet pipe (15) and the second inlet pipe (16) of the second condenser. The temperature of the condenser inside the second condenser is set to 114-124 degrees Celsius. Liquid methyl isopentyl ketone is obtained from the liquid outlet (13) of the second condenser. Mixed vapor containing methyl tert-butyl ether and acetylene is collected from the gas outlet (14) of the second condenser. S4. The mixed steam obtained in step S3 is introduced into the first inlet pipe (15) and the second inlet pipe (16) of the third condenser. The temperature of the condenser inside the third condenser is set to 30-40 degrees Celsius. Liquid methyl tert-butyl ether is obtained from the liquid outlet (13) of the third condenser, and gaseous acetylene is collected from the gas outlet (14) of the third condenser.

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