A spiral groove grinding wheel with asymmetric trapezoidal disturbance structure and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal disturbance structure and a preparation method thereof. The grinding wheel body is provided with a spiral groove on a grinding surface. The cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove is rectangular. A disturbance structure is arranged in the spiral groove. The cross-sectional shape of the disturbance structure is asymmetric trapezoidal. The bottom edge of the disturbance structure is arc-shaped and completely adheres to the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The disturbance structure is distributed at equal intervals in the spiral groove. The asymmetric trapezoidal disturbance structure is added to the surface of the spiral groove grinding wheel, the flow characteristics of the grinding fluid are improved, the absorption effect of the grinding fluid on the surface of the grinding wheel is improved, the effective flow of the grinding arc area in the grinding process is increased, and the further enhancement of the grinding heat exchange is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grinding wheel structure improvement technology, specifically to a spiral grooved grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Grinding is a common metalworking method that uses the interaction between a grinding wheel and a workpiece to grind the workpiece surface. However, grinding generates a large amount of heat, leading to a decrease in workpiece surface quality and potentially causing workpiece deformation, thermal cracking, and even surface damage. Ordinary grinding wheels have a small heat capacity, making it difficult to absorb and store large amounts of heat. Furthermore, their smooth surface structure makes it difficult to form heat exchange channels, and the effective flow rate of grinding fluid is low. As a result, when a large amount of heat is generated during high-speed friction grinding, the heat cannot be dissipated quickly, causing the temperature of both the grinding wheel and the workpiece to rise. Ordinary grinding wheels can only locally transfer heat to the workpiece, failing to distribute the heat evenly. This leads to uneven temperature distribution on the workpiece surface, affecting workpiece accuracy, surface quality, and even causing thermal deformation and damage.

[0003] Past research has shown that by making the surface of grinding wheels exhibit certain regularities, thus achieving surface structuring, the heat transfer effect during grinding can be enhanced. To further enhance grinding heat transfer, surface-structured grinding wheels have emerged. Among them, the spiral grooved grinding wheel is a widely studied and applied type of structured grinding wheel. The grooves of this type of wheel are spiral-shaped, effectively improving heat transfer efficiency during grinding by increasing the surface area of ​​the grinding wheel and altering the flow path of the grinding fluid. However, the effect of spiral grooved grinding wheels on increasing the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid is somewhat limited; it still relies on the natural absorption of the grinding fluid into the grinding arc region through the groove structure of the grinding wheel surface, and this absorption effect is not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a spiral grooved grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure and a method for its preparation. By adding an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure to the surface of the spiral grooved grinding wheel, the flow characteristics of the grinding fluid can be improved, the absorption effect of the grinding fluid on the surface of the grinding wheel can be enhanced, the effective flow rate in the grinding arc zone during the grinding process can be increased, and thus further enhancement of grinding heat transfer can be achieved.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect of the present invention, a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure is provided, characterized in that it includes a grinding wheel body, wherein a spiral groove is provided on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body, and the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove is rectangular.

[0007] The spiral groove is provided with a turbulence structure. The cross-sectional shape of the turbulence structure is an asymmetrical trapezoid. The bottom edge of the turbulence structure is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The turbulence structures are evenly distributed in the spiral groove with the spiral groove as the guide.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the turbulence structure matches the height of the helical groove, and the width of the turbulence structure matches the width of the helical groove.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the height of the turbulence structure is less than the height of the helical groove, and the width of the turbulence structure is less than the width of the helical groove.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the asymmetric trapezoid is a right trapezoid, wherein the length of the lower base of the right trapezoid is greater than the length of the upper base, and the lower base is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inclined surface of the turbulence structure acts as the windward side to push the air, and the right-angled surface acts as the leeward side. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, the air velocity is less than the grinding wheel speed, thereby generating a pressure difference, that is, generating negative pressure, which in turn generates a suction effect on the grinding fluid.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the starting and ending positions of the spiral grooves are symmetrical in the thickness direction of the grinding wheel body.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the depth and width of the spiral groove are the same.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the turbulence structure and the groove are formed by laser removal based on a conventional grinding wheel, and the turbulence structure and the grinding wheel are an integral structure.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body is in contact with the surface of the workpiece to be ground, and a grinding fluid nozzle is provided on the front side of the grinding wheel body to spray grinding fluid.

[0016] In a second aspect of the invention, a method for preparing a spiral grooved grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure is provided, comprising:

[0017] The depth, width, and pitch of the grooves are determined, and then the size, quantity, and spacing of the turbulence structure are determined. The turbulence structure and grooves are formed on the grinding surface of a conventional grinding wheel by laser removal.

[0018] Among them, the structural parameters of the groove and the turbulence structure are based on the principle of facilitating the grinding wheel processing requirements. The number of spiral rotations is small. While the turbulence structure plays its corresponding role, the turbulence structure is close to the width and depth of the groove, which is easy to form with the grinding wheel.

[0019] One or more technical solutions of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) This invention can improve the effective flow rate of grinding fluid, thereby enhancing cooling and chip removal effects: The unique negative pressure entrainment effect of the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure grooved grinding wheel is due to the negative pressure phenomenon gradually generated at the gap between the grinding wheel and the workpiece when the clockwise rotation speed of the grinding wheel is significantly higher than the air speed it follows. This causes the leeward side of the turbulence structure to "suck" the grinding fluid into the grinding arc area, while the windward side "push" the grinding fluid into the grinding arc area, thus forming a "negative pressure entrainment effect" that "actively" draws the grinding fluid into the grinding arc area, increasing the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid. This allows the coolant to enter the grinding area better, helping to reduce the grinding temperature and reduce thermal deformation, cracking, and other thermal damage. In addition, the spiral grooves also help with chip removal and prevent grinding wheel blockage. The design of the turbulence structure can generate turbulence in the grinding fluid, further enhancing heat transfer and diffusion, reducing heat concentration and friction during the grinding process, and improving the heat exchange efficiency of the grinding process.

[0021] (2) This invention can improve workpiece surface quality and realize various grinding processes: The spiral groove design can better guide the movement of the grinding wheel, improving grinding accuracy. Due to the guiding effect of the spiral groove, the grinding wheel is more stable during the grinding process, while reducing the contact area between the workpiece and the grinding wheel to reduce grinding force. In addition, the turbulence structure can promptly dissipate the large amount of grinding heat generated during the grinding process, thereby reducing the surface roughness of the workpiece and improving the surface quality of the workpiece. At the same time, by further adjusting the shape, angle, height and other parameters of the turbulence structure, various grinding processes, such as rough grinding, fine grinding, and ultra-fine grinding, can be realized to meet different processing needs.

[0022] (3) This invention can reduce noise and vibration during grinding wheel operation: The asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure spiral groove grinding wheel, while ensuring grinding efficiency through its turbulence structure, reduces the contact area between the workpiece and the grinding wheel, effectively reducing friction and vibration between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, and thus reducing noise generation. Compared with traditional flat grinding wheels, the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure spiral groove grinding wheel generates lower noise during high-speed rotation, which is more beneficial to the hearing health of operators.

[0023] (4) The present invention can extend the service life of the grinding wheel: the turbulent structure at the bottom of the groove enables the grinding fluid to remove the grinding debris in the grinding arc area in a timely manner due to the high turbulent kinetic energy heat exchange channel flow field driven by the turbulent structure, which can reduce the wear and debris accumulation of the grinding wheel and extend the service life of the grinding wheel. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the spiral groove grinding wheel with the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A top view of the spiral grooved grinding wheel with the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 3 A top view of the spiral grooved grinding wheel with the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a spiral grooved grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Grinding wheel body; 2. Spiral groove; 3. Turbulence structure; 4. Workpiece to be ground; 5. Grinding fluid nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Enhancing heat transfer in grinding has always been a key issue in the grinding process. During grinding, the heat generated is primarily carried away by air, grinding chips, grinding fluid, the grinding wheel, and the workpiece surface. The intense friction between the grinding wheel and the workpiece generates a significant amount of energy, which is then released as heat. However, due to the narrow contact area between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, the heat transfer efficiency is low, and the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid is limited, resulting in poor heat exchange and often leading to a decline in the surface quality of the ground workpiece. Therefore, increasing the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid between the grinding wheel and the workpiece to further enhance heat transfer efficiency has become a research focus.

[0034] To address the aforementioned problems, in a typical embodiment of the present invention, a spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure is proposed, comprising a grinding wheel body 1, wherein a spiral groove 2 is provided on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body 1, and the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove 2 is rectangular.

[0035] The spiral groove 2 is provided with a turbulence structure 3. The cross-sectional shape of the turbulence structure 3 is an asymmetrical trapezoid. The bottom edge of the turbulence structure is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The turbulence structures are evenly distributed in the spiral groove with the spiral groove as the guide.

[0036] The asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure helical groove grinding wheel provided in this embodiment first creates helical grooves on the surface of a regular grinding wheel, guided by a helix. To further consider the characteristics of the turbulence structure, the cross-sectional shape of the helical grooves is rectangular, and their width and depth are slightly wider and higher than those of the turbulence structure. The appearance of the helical grooves makes it easier for the grinding fluid to enter the grinding heat exchange channel, increasing the effective flow rate and improving the heat exchange capacity during the grinding process. It also has certain benefits for improving chip removal capacity and reducing grinding force during the grinding process. However, with only a surface-structured grinding wheel featuring helical grooves, the grinding fluid is in a non-powered state after entering the heat exchange channel and can only "go with the flow" as the grinding wheel rotates, resulting in a limited increase in the effective flow rate of the grinding fluid.

[0037] The asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure of the spiral grooved grinding wheel proposed in this embodiment improves heat transfer during grinding by designing an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure on the surface of the spiral grooved grinding wheel. The spiral grooves of the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure alter the flow path of the grinding fluid. The characteristics of the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure can generate negative pressure between the air and the grinding arc area due to the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel. This causes the windward and leeward sides of the turbulence structure to exert a pushing and attracting effect on the grinding fluid, respectively, increasing the contact area between the grinding fluid and the grinding wheel. At the same time, the design of the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure can generate turbulence in the grinding fluid, further enhancing heat transfer and diffusion, thereby improving the grinding heat transfer effect.

[0038] To improve the heat exchange capacity of grinding, this embodiment proposes to further set a turbulence structure on the groove surface of the spiral groove grinding wheel. In particular, when the grinding wheel is in a high-speed rotating state, the addition of the turbulence structure enables the grinding fluid to have motion dynamics in the heat exchange channel, thereby forming a high-speed turbulence effect, so as to maximize the cooling effect of the grinding fluid and increase the heat distribution ratio of the grinding fluid during the grinding process. The turbulence structure is also guided by a spiral, evenly distributed on the surface of the spiral groove, and its cross-sectional shape is set as an asymmetrical trapezoid to achieve the "negative pressure entrainment effect". The negative pressure is generated by the high-speed rotating grinding wheel driving the air in the gap between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, resulting in the pressure difference with the grinding wedge area. The asymmetrical trapezoidal design of the turbulence structure further enhances the "pushing" effect of the turbulence structure on the windward side of the grinding fluid and the "suction" effect on the leeward side, further enhancing the ability of the "negative pressure entrainment effect". This allows the workpiece temperature to be effectively controlled during the grinding process, increasing grinding accuracy and grinding efficiency, effectively washing away chips and grinding dust in the cutting area, preventing them from accumulating on the grinding wheel and workpiece surface, reducing grinding force fluctuations, and improving grinding stability and quality.

[0039] The spiral groove has specific structural properties, including the spiral line parameters such as the starting point position, pitch, and number of rotations; and the groove parameters such as the cross-sectional shape, width, and depth. Preferably, the starting and ending positions of the spiral groove are symmetrical in the thickness direction of the grinding wheel body.

[0040] In this embodiment, the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure is characterized by: structural height, structural width, upper base length, and lower base length (the lower base length is a parameter used when designing the turbulence structure separately, and it forms an arc with the lower base of the turbulence structure in the overall grinding wheel design, completely fitting the spiral groove). Simultaneously, the hypotenuse of the asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure at the contact point between the grinding wheel and the workpiece should be on the left side of the main viewing direction. The outer and inner diameters of the grinding wheel are consistent with those of a conventional grinding wheel. Preferably, the asymmetric trapezoid is a right-angled trapezoid, with the lower base length greater than the upper base length, wherein the lower base surface is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove.

[0041] Furthermore, the height of the turbulence structure matches the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the turbulence structure matches the width of the spiral groove. Specifically, the height of the turbulence structure is slightly smaller than the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the turbulence structure is slightly smaller than the width of the spiral groove, so that there is a certain gap between the turbulence structure and the surface of the groove. In this way, during actual grinding, the grinding fluid can be distributed between the two sides of the turbulence structure, further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0042] In this embodiment, the turbulence structure and the groove are formed by laser removal using a conventional grinding wheel, and the turbulence structure and the grinding wheel are an integral structure.

[0043] In one specific embodiment of this invention, the specific dimensions of the spiral groove and the turbulence structure are as follows: the spiral groove has a pitch of 16.5 mm, rotates 2 times, has a width of 5 mm, and a depth of 5 mm. The turbulence structure is an asymmetrical trapezoid with a height of 4 mm, a width of 4 mm, an upper base length of 6 mm, and a lower base length of 18 mm. The turbulence structures are equidistantly distributed within the groove, with an included angle of 7.2° between adjacent turbulence structures and a distance of 0.126 radians between adjacent structures.

[0044] like Figure 6As shown, during use, the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body contacts the surface of the workpiece 4 to be ground. A grinding fluid nozzle 5 is provided on the front side of the grinding wheel body to spray grinding fluid. In actual grinding, the grinding wheel generally rotates clockwise. In this way, the inclined surface of the turbulence structure acts as the windward side to push the air. At the same time, due to the design of the inclined surface, the pushing effect on the air is weak. Therefore, the airflow field generated during actual grinding has a small obstruction effect. The right-angled surface acts as the leeward side. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, the air velocity is much lower than the grinding wheel speed, thus generating a pressure difference, that is, generating negative pressure, which in turn produces a entrapment effect on the grinding fluid.

[0045] The asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure utilizes its unique geometric turbulence to generate a "negative pressure entrainment effect," actively attracting grinding fluid to the grinding arc zone. This structure, by altering the flow path and velocity distribution of the grinding fluid, further enhances the effective flow rate in the grinding arc zone during grinding, thus achieving enhanced heat transfer. By adding an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure to the surface of a spiral grooved grinding wheel, the flow characteristics of the grinding fluid can be improved, enhancing its absorption effect on the wheel surface and increasing the effective flow rate in the grinding arc zone, thereby further enhancing grinding heat transfer. This technology is significant for improving heat transfer efficiency during grinding, improving workpiece surface quality, and reducing thermal damage during grinding. It also provides new ideas and methods for thermal management in the grinding process and is expected to be widely applied in industrial production.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a method for preparing a spiral grooved grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure is proposed, comprising:

[0048] The depth, width, and pitch of the grooves are determined, and then the size, quantity, and spacing of the turbulence structure are determined. The turbulence structure and grooves are formed on the grinding surface of a conventional grinding wheel by laser removal.

[0049] Among them, the structural parameters of the groove and the turbulence structure are based on the principle of facilitating the grinding wheel processing requirements. The number of spiral rotations is small. While the turbulence structure plays its corresponding role, the turbulence structure is close to the width and depth of the groove, which is easy to form with the grinding wheel.

[0050] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spiral grooved grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure, characterized in that, It includes a grinding wheel body, wherein a spiral groove is provided around the circumference on the grinding surface of the grinding wheel body, and the cross-sectional shape of the spiral groove is rectangular; The spiral groove is provided with a turbulence structure. The cross-sectional shape of the turbulence structure is an asymmetrical trapezoid. The bottom edge of the turbulence structure is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The turbulence structures are evenly distributed in the spiral groove with the spiral groove as the guide. The asymmetric trapezoid is a right-angled trapezoid, with the length of the lower base being greater than the length of the upper base. The lower base is arc-shaped and completely fits the bottom surface of the spiral groove. The inclined surface of the turbulence structure acts as the windward side, pushing the air, while the right-angled surface acts as the leeward side. When the grinding wheel rotates at high speed, the air velocity is less than the grinding wheel speed, thus generating a pressure difference, i.e., generating negative pressure, which in turn creates a suction effect on the grinding fluid.

2. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the turbulence structure matches the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the turbulence structure matches the width of the spiral groove.

3. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the turbulence-disrupting structure is less than the height of the spiral groove, and the width of the turbulence-disrupting structure is less than the width of the spiral groove.

4. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The starting and ending positions of the spiral grooves are symmetrical in the thickness direction of the grinding wheel body.

5. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spiral groove has the same depth and width.

6. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The turbulence structure and grooves are formed by laser removal using a conventional grinding wheel, and the turbulence structure and the grinding wheel are an integral structure.

7. The spiral groove grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding surface of the grinding wheel body is in contact with the surface of the workpiece to be ground, and a grinding fluid nozzle is provided on the front side of the grinding wheel body to spray grinding fluid.

8. A method for preparing a spiral grooved grinding wheel with an asymmetric trapezoidal turbulence structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: The depth, width, and pitch of the grooves are determined, and then the size, quantity, and spacing of the turbulence structure are determined. The turbulence structure and grooves are formed on the grinding surface of a conventional grinding wheel by laser removal. The structural parameters of the groove and the turbulence structure are based on the principle of facilitating grinding wheel processing. The spiral rotates 2 times. While the turbulence structure plays its corresponding role, the width of the turbulence structure is smaller than the width of the groove and the height of the turbulence structure is smaller than the depth of the groove, which is easy to form with the grinding wheel.

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