A small semi-automatic hand-push type lettuce leaf-removing harvesting device

Abstract

The application discloses a small semi-automatic hand-push type lettuce leaf-removing harvesting device, which comprises a leaf-removing mechanism, an adjustable linear cutter disc mechanism, a four-wheel chassis, a lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism, a collecting basket and a rack; the leaf-removing mechanism is composed of an up-down linear motion mechanism and a leaf-removing assembly so as to realize the removal of the leaves on the surface of the lettuce; the adjustable linear cutter disc mechanism utilizes a linear brushless motor to drive a linear cutter blade to realize the harvesting of the lettuce, and simultaneously utilizes a step motor to drive a screw nut in a mode to realize the adjustment of the height of the linear cutter blade from the ground; the four-wheel chassis comprises a driving wheel and three auxiliary wheels; the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism is driven by two step motors to drive a belt mechanism connected therewith, and the clamped and cut lettuce is transported to the collecting basket by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism. Through the operation of the operator on the device, the leaf-removing and harvesting of the field lettuce are realized; the device has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high efficiency and good interchangeability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lettuce harvesting equipment technology, specifically to a small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce leaf removal and harvesting device. Background Technology

[0002] In my country, lettuce is a major vegetable crop, and therefore it is widely cultivated. Currently, lettuce delivered to the market generally requires the removal of the top leaves (the terminal buds), and the cut surface of the lettuce should be clean and minimally damaged to maintain its quality in the market.

[0003] However, my country's arable land resources are mainly concentrated in plains, intermontane basins, and vast hilly areas such as Northeast China, North China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Pearl River Delta, accounting for more than 90% of the country's arable land area. In general, the terrain is diverse, with some areas suitable for large-scale mechanization, while others are only suitable for manual labor or small-scale equipment. Existing lettuce harvesting machinery is either too large to be adapted to my country's arable land resources or cannot guarantee the quality of the lettuce in the market.

[0004] In addition, manual harvesting is another form of lettuce harvesting. One method of manual harvesting is to first remove the leaves of the lettuce, which are to be removed from the top bud, using a leaf-removing ring before harvesting and transporting it to the market. Another method is to harvest the lettuce first, then remove the leaves, and finally transport it to the market after the harvest is completed. This separate operation process leads to a relatively low efficiency in lettuce harvesting.

[0005] Based on the above problems, it is necessary to invent a semi-automatic, miniaturized lettuce harvesting device that can be applied to the extensive lettuce-growing areas in my country, and can ensure the quality of the lettuce delivered to the market. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the problems of existing lettuce harvesting devices or manual harvesting in the background technology, such as: excessive size that cannot be adapted to my country's arable land resources, and separate operation processes that lead to low lettuce harvesting efficiency.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention proposes a small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device, comprising a frame, a four-wheel chassis, and components mounted on the frame: The leaf removal mechanism includes a vertical moving assembly and a leaf removal assembly mounted on a frame. The leaf removal assembly includes a load-bearing ring assembly, a fine leaf removal assembly, and a coarse leaf removal ring connected sequentially from top to bottom. The fine leaf removal assembly includes a DC brushless motor, a pinion, and an external gear ring. A flexible leaf removal part is provided on the inner side of the external gear ring. The flexible leaf removal part moves vertically in a spiral motion with the vertical moving assembly and the external gear ring and contacts the outer surface of the lettuce to achieve the purpose of fine leaf removal. An adjustable cutter head mechanism includes an electric lead screw assembly and a cutter head mechanism. The cutter head mechanism includes a straight blade, a DC brushless motor, and a cutter arm. The high-speed rotating straight blade is used to cut the bottom of the lettuce, and the cutting height is adjusted by the electric lead screw assembly.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the external gear ring is disposed between the upper cover plate and the lower abutment plate of the thrust ball bearing, and the external gear ring is constrained axially by the upper thrust ball bearing and the lower thrust ball bearing; in addition, a transition ring is provided on the outer side of the lower thrust ball bearing, and the external gear ring mates radially with a plurality of deep groove ball bearings mounted on the transition ring.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the load-bearing ring assembly includes a lower load-bearing ring and an upper load-bearing ring. The lower load-bearing ring is sleeved on four optical shafts of the leaf removal mechanism, and the upper and lower ends of the lower load-bearing ring are respectively provided with horizontal optical shaft supports for axial positioning. Several conical hollow pads are distributed on the transition ring, and the deep groove ball bearing is installed in the conical hollow pads by bolts.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the flexible de-leaf part is a rubber band and three support plates that expand it into a triangular shape, and the three support plates are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer gear ring; or the flexible de-leaf part is a plurality of flexible blades, and the flexible blades are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer gear ring.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the up-and-down moving component includes a timing belt mechanism and a guide rail slider mechanism; The synchronous belt mechanism includes a stepper motor, a coupling, a synchronous belt, and a slide table. The guide rail slider mechanism includes a slider, a slider, and a linear slide rail. The load-bearing ring assembly is fixedly connected to the slide table, slider, and slider through connectors 1, 2, and 3, respectively, to realize the up-and-down movement of the leaf removal assembly.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the one-piece cutter head mechanism is equipped with a brake and baffle integrated disc, the brake and baffle integrated disc is equipped with a plurality of electromagnetic chucks, the electromagnetic chucks brake the one-piece cutter head made of stainless steel or iron, and the brake and baffle integrated disc has an arc-shaped baffle on its side.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the electric lead screw assembly includes a motor mounting base, a second stepper motor, a lead screw, a ball nut, and an oil groove plate. The cutter arm and the ball nut are respectively connected to the oil groove plate. The oil groove plate is provided with two oil grooves, which correspond to optical axis one and optical axis two installed vertically on the motor mounting base.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this application, it also includes a lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism and a collection basket located below its output end; the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism includes a left belt conveying mechanism and a right belt conveying mechanism that are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged. The left belt conveyor mechanism includes a left drive roller, a left driven roller, a left tensioning wheel one, a left tensioning wheel two, and a tensioning left belt; the left drive roller and the right drive roller mounted on the right belt conveyor mechanism are driven simultaneously and in reverse at the same speed by a stepper motor.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the first left tensioning wheel is rotatably connected to the first left frame tube channel steel, and the first left frame tube channel steel is connected to the first left channel steel through a left spring to realize the autonomous adjustment of the left belt spacing; the second left tensioning wheel adopts the same structure to realize the autonomous adjustment of the left belt spacing.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the left channel steel one is fixed on the left side steel arm; the left channel steel two is fixed on the left telescopic side steel arm; the left side steel arm and the left telescopic side steel arm are slidably engaged to adjust the tension of the left belt; in addition, the left side steel arm is fixed on the frame by the left support sheet metal one and the left support sheet metal two.

[0017] The present invention provides a small, semi-automatic, hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device, which can be used in small to medium-sized lettuce fields with different terrains. This device is compact and meets the requirements of efficient defoliation and complete harvesting. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high efficiency, and good interchangeability.

[0018] In addition, this lettuce defoliation and harvesting device can autonomously adjust the height of the straight blade from the ground according to different small and medium-sized lettuce field terrains. It can also remove the leaves from the surface of the lettuce before harvesting, keep the blade as close to the ground as possible during harvesting, and transport the lettuce safely and stably after harvesting. This device fills the vast development space for miniaturized lettuce harvesting devices.

[0019] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, this application has other purposes, features, and advantages. A further detailed description of this application will be provided below with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the leaf removal mechanism's up-and-down moving component of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the leaf removal mechanism and leaf removal component of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side cross-sectional view of the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible leaf removal part of the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external gear ring in the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the deep groove ball bearing for the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the leaf removal mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable slotted cutter head of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the four-wheel chassis of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the present invention. Figure 4 ; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Leaf removal mechanism; 2. Adjustable single-blade mechanism; 3. Four-wheel chassis; 4. Lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism; 5. Collection basket; 6. Frame; 11. Up and down moving assembly; 12. Leaf removal assembly; 101. Connector 1; 102. Slide table; 103. Synchronous belt; 104. Linear slide rail; 105. Connector 2; 106. Connector 3; 107. Horizontal optical shaft support; 108. DC brushless motor 1; 109. Support rib sheet metal 1; 110. Transition ring; 111. Deep groove ball bearing 1; 112. Coarse leaf removal ring; 113. External gear ring; 114. Pinion; 115. Upper thrust ball bearing; 116. Leaf removal mechanism optical shaft; 117. Lower bearing ring; 118. Upper bearing ring; 119. Coupling; 120. Stepper motor 121. Motor 1; 122. Connecting rod 1; 123. Lower thrust ball bearing; 124. Lower abutment plate; 125. Slider 1; 126. Slider 2; 127. Upper cover plate of thrust ball bearing; 128. Deep groove ball bearing 2; 129. Deep groove ball bearing 3; 130. Conical hollow pad 1; 131. Conical hollow pad 2; 132. Conical hollow pad 3; 133. Conical hollow pad 4; 134. Connecting column 2; 135. Connecting column 3; 136. Connecting column 4; 137. Support rib sheet metal 2; 138. Support rib sheet metal 3; 139. Rubber band; 140. Inner groove; 201. Pressing plate; 202. Brake and baffle integrated disc; 203. Blade arm; 204. Lead screw; 205. Set ring four; 206. Stepper motor two; 207. Oil groove; 208. Optical shaft one; 209. DC brushless motor two; 210. Electromagnetic chuck one; 211. Motor base; 212. Slotted blade; 213. Optical shaft two; 214. Oil groove plate; 215. Ball nut; 216. Set ring three; 217. Set ring two; 218. Set ring one; 219. Electromagnetic chuck two; 220. Electromagnetic chuck three; 221. Motor mounting base; 301. Driven wheel; 302. Driven wheel one; 303. Driven wheel two; 304. Driven wheel three; 401. Left drive roller; 402. Left frame tube channel steel one; 403. Left spring; 404. Left square steel arm; 405. Left belt; 406. Left telescopic square steel arm; 407. Left channel steel two; 408. Left frame tube channel steel two; 409. Left driven roller; 410. Left tension wheel two; 411. Left support sheet metal two; 412. Left support sheet metal one; 413. Right driven roller; 414. Right tension wheel two 415. Right channel steel II; 416. Right support sheet metal II; 417. Right support sheet metal I; 418. Right square steel arm; 419. Right tension wheel I; 420. Right spring; 421. Right channel steel I; 422. Right drive roller; 423. Left tension wheel I; 424. Left channel steel I; 425. Right belt; 426. Right frame tube channel steel I; 427. Right telescopic square steel arm; 428. Right frame tube channel steel II; 601. Left handrail; 602. Right handrail. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1-12 As shown, the small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device of the present invention includes a frame 6, a defoliation mechanism 1 located at the front end of the frame 6, an adjustable straight blade disc mechanism 2 located in the lower middle part of the frame 6 (located on the left and right sides of the defoliation mechanism 1), a lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 located in the lower middle part of the frame 6 (located behind the defoliation mechanism 1), a four-wheel chassis 3 located at the bottom end of the frame 6, and a collection basket 5 located behind the frame 6 (below the output end of the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4). The left handle 601 and the right handle 602 are part of the frame 6 and are located behind it to allow the operator to operate the device and control its direction.

[0023] Among them, the frame 6 pairs of leaf removal mechanism 1, adjustable single-blade disc mechanism 2, four-wheel chassis 3, lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4, and collection basket 5 play the role of limiting its working position.

[0024] like Figures 2-8 As shown, the leaf removal mechanism 1 includes two parts: a leaf removal mechanism up-and-down moving assembly 11 and a leaf removal assembly 12. The up-and-down moving assembly 11 is mounted on the frame, while the leaf removal assembly 12 is mounted on the up-and-down moving assembly 11, which has a timing belt and a linear slide rail slider, to realize the function of the leaf removal assembly 12 moving up and down.

[0025] The leaf removal mechanism uses a stepper motor to drive a synchronous belt mechanism to move the connecting parts, thereby enabling the leaf removal assembly to move up and down to achieve the leaf removal function. The leaf removal assembly consists of a ring-shaped leaf removal disc at the bottom, a DC brushless motor in the middle, a gear set, and a flexible leaf removal rubber band embedded in it.

[0026] Specifically, the vertical moving assembly 11 comprises a synchronous belt mechanism and a linear slide rail slider mechanism. The synchronous belt mechanism mainly includes a synchronous belt 103, a slide table 102, a linear slide rail 104, a stepper motor 120, and a coupling 119. The synchronous belt 103 is mounted on the frame 6, and the linear slide rail 104 is also fixed on the frame 6, extending vertically. The synchronous belt 103 is driven by the stepper motor 120 via the coupling 119, and the slide table 102, fixed to the synchronous belt 103, moves vertically up and down with the movement of the synchronous belt 103.

[0027] The linear slide rail slider mechanism has a first connector 101, a second connector 105, and a third connector 106, and sliders 124 and 225. Connector 101 connects the slide table 102 and the leaf removal mechanism leaf removal assembly 12 on one side. Connectors 105 and 106 connect the leaf removal mechanism leaf removal assembly 12 to sliders 124 and 225 on the other side. Slider 124 and 225 move upwards or downwards on the linear slide rail 104.

[0028] When stepper motor 120 drives synchronous belt 103 upward (or downward) through coupling 119, synchronous belt 103 will drive slide 102 fixed thereto upward (or downward); slide 102 will then drive connector 101 connected thereto to move upward (or downward); de-leaf mechanism de-leaf assembly 12 is driven by connector 101 to make the same movement; connector 2 105 and connector 3 106 indirectly connect linear slide rail 104 and de-leaf mechanism de-leaf assembly 12 through slider 1 124 and slider 2 125. Linear slide rail 104 plays an auxiliary constraint role on de-leaf mechanism de-leaf assembly 12 and shares the torque on the upper surface of slide 102.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figures 6-8 As shown, the leaf removal assembly 12 mainly consists of a coarse leaf removal assembly composed of a fixed ring and a fine leaf removal assembly with flexible leaf removal parts mainly composed of a set of gears. The fine leaf removal assembly achieves the fine leaf removal function through a set of gears working in conjunction with rubber bands 139. The coarse leaf removal ring 112 at the bottom of the leaf removal assembly 12 performs the coarse leaf removal function. The flexible leaf removal parts can be rubber bands 139, which are stretched into a triangular shape by three sheet metal support ribs on the inner side of the outer gear ring 113, or several flexible blades.

[0030] The precision de-leaf assembly is mainly composed of an upper thrust ball bearing, a lower thrust ball bearing, and deep groove ball bearings 1, 2, 3, and 4. It contains a set of meshing gears and a DC brushless motor 1, which is a high-speed rotating component that allows the flexible contact rubber band to be opened by the support sheet metal 1, 2, and 3.

[0031] The outer gear ring 113 in the fine leaf removal assembly has three internal grooves 140. Support rib sheet metal one 109, support rib sheet metal two 137, and support rib sheet metal three 138 are correspondingly installed on the three grooves 140, which expand the rubber band 139 into an equilateral triangle shape. The pinion 114 in the fine leaf removal assembly is directly driven by a DC brushless motor 108 fixed to the thrust ball bearing cover plate 126, which in turn drives the meshing outer gear ring 113 to rotate at high speed. Through the fine leaf removal assembly's cooperation with the up-and-down moving assembly 11, the rubber band 139 or flexible blades move in a spiral motion, finely removing the leaves from the surface of the lettuce.

[0032] As the vertical moving component moves up and down, the brushless DC motor in the leaf removal component drives the pinion to rotate at high speed, which in turn causes the flexible contact rubber band to rotate at high speed.

[0033] The external gear ring 113 is axially constrained by an upper thrust ball bearing 115 and a lower thrust ball bearing 122. The upper thrust ball bearing 115 is constrained by a thrust ball bearing cover plate 126, and the lower thrust ball bearing 122 is constrained by a transition ring 110 and a lower abutment plate 123. The thrust ball bearing cover plate 126 is connected to the transition ring 110 and the lower abutment plate 123 by four bolts of the same size.

[0034] The external gear ring 113 is radially constrained by four deep groove ball bearings distributed in an annular array, namely deep groove ball bearing 111, deep groove ball bearing 2 127, deep groove ball bearing 3 128 and deep groove ball bearing 4 129. The deep groove ball bearings 111, 2 127, 3 128 and 4 129 are bolted to the transition ring 110 and are contained within the conical hollow pads 130, 2 131, 3 132 and 4 133 distributed on the transition ring 110, thus restricting the deep groove ball bearings 111, 2 127, 3 128 and 4 129 to the transition ring 110.

[0035] The coarse de-blading assembly mainly consists of a coarse de-blading ring that is fixed together by connecting rod 1, connecting rod 2, connecting rod 3, and connecting rod 4 with bolts.

[0036] The leaf-removing mechanism's leaf-removing assembly 12 also includes a coarse leaf-removing ring 112 located at its lowest point. This coarse leaf-removing ring is fixedly connected by connecting rod 121, connecting post 134, connecting post 135, and connecting post 136 located above it. The other ends of these connecting rods are bolted to the lower abutment plate 123. The coarse leaf-removing ring 112 is positioned within a suitable space above the lettuce that is about to be harvested.

[0037] The leaf removal assembly 12 also includes a leaf removal mechanism optical shaft 116. The leaf removal mechanism optical shaft 116 is bolted to the upper cover plate 126 of the thrust ball bearing. There are three other optical shafts on the upper cover plate 126 that are exactly the same as the leaf removal mechanism optical shaft 116, and the bolting method of these optical shafts to the upper cover plate 126 of the thrust ball bearing is the same as that of the leaf removal mechanism optical shaft 116.

[0038] The leaf removal mechanism leaf removal assembly 12 also includes a lower support ring 117 and an upper support ring 118. The lower support ring 117 is sleeved on the four leaf removal mechanism optical shafts 116, and the lower support ring 117 is provided with horizontal optical shaft supports 107 sleeved on the leaf removal mechanism optical shafts 116 at both the upper and lower ends to axially position the lower support ring 117.

[0039] The lower support ring 117 is bolted to connector 101 on one side and to connector 105 on the other side. The upper support ring 118 is bolted to connector 101 on one side and to connector 106 on the other side. This fixes the leaf removal assembly 12 to the vertical moving assembly, allowing it to move linearly up and down with it.

[0040] like Figure 9 As shown, the adjustable straight blade mechanism 2 mainly includes a ball screw 204 and a stepper motor 206 that drives it to rotate, so as to adjust the position of the blade arm 203 fixed on the ball nut 215, thereby adjusting the distance of the straight blade 212 from the ground. It also includes a baffle and a component mainly composed of an electromagnetic chuck to brake the blade.

[0041] The adjustable single-slot cutter head mechanism 2 includes a motor mounting base 221 mounted on a frame, a second stepper motor 206 mounted thereon, and a lead screw 204 directly connected to the second stepper motor. A ball nut 215 is fitted on the lead screw 204, which fixes the oil trough plate 214 at the upper end. In order to restrict the axial rotational freedom of the ball nut 215, optical shafts 1 208 and 213 are installed on the symmetrical sides of the oil trough plate 214. The other ends of optical shafts 1 208 and 213 are fixed to the motor mounting base 221 by locking rings 1 218, 217, 3 216, and 4 205.

[0042] A cutter arm 203 is fixed on the oil tank plate 214, and a DC brushless motor 209 and a brake and baffle integrated disc 202 are fixed on the other side of the cutter arm 203.

[0043] The output shaft of the DC brushless motor 209 is fixed tightly to the straight blade 212 by the pressure plate 201; the electromagnetic chuck 210, electromagnetic chuck 219 and electromagnetic chuck 220 are fixed on the brake and baffle integrated plate 202.

[0044] Specifically, the straight blade 212 in the adjustable straight blade disc mechanism 2 is fixed to the output shaft of the second DC brushless motor 209 by a pressure plate 201, and the straight blade 212 is directly driven by the second DC brushless motor 209. The second DC brushless motor 209 is bolted to the motor base 211. The motor base 211 is fixed to the blade arm 203.

[0045] The adjustable single-section cutter head mechanism 2 also includes a brake and baffle integrated disc 202, an electromagnetic chuck 210, an electromagnetic chuck 219, and an electromagnetic chuck 220. The electromagnetic chucks 210, 219, and 220 are respectively fixed to the brake and baffle integrated disc 202 by bolts. The other side of the brake and baffle integrated disc 202 is fixed to the cutter arm 203. The cutter arm 203 is also fixed to the oil groove plate 214.

[0046] A ball nut 215 is also fixed on the oil trough plate 214. The ball nut 215 is threadedly engaged with the lead screw 204 directly connected to the stepper motor 206, thereby driving the ball nut 215 to move up and down through the stepper motor 206.

[0047] The oil trough plate 214 is provided with two oil troughs 207, which are respectively installed on the optical axis 1 208 and optical axis 213 extending in the vertical direction, thereby constraining the oil trough plate 214 to move only in the vertical direction along the optical axis 1 208 and optical axis 213.

[0048] Stepper motor 206 is fixed to motor mounting base 221. Locking rings 4 205, 3 216, 2 217, and 1 218 secure motor mounting base 221 to optical axis 1 208 and optical axis 2 213. Motor mounting base 221 is fixed to frame 6.

[0049] like Figure 11 As shown, a drive wheel and three driven wheels are provided below the frame 6. The drive wheel 301, driven wheel 1 302, driven wheel 2 303 and driven wheel 304 together support the entire device.

[0050] like Figure 12 As shown, the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 mainly includes two lettuce clamping and conveying belts containing springs that can adjust the tension according to the different sizes of lettuce. This component needs to be used in conjunction with the adjustable straight cutter head mechanism.

[0051] Specifically, the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 mainly includes a left drive roller 401, a left driven roller 409, a right drive roller 422 and a right driven roller 413, as well as a left tensioning wheel 1 423, a left tensioning wheel 2 410, a right tensioning wheel 1 419 and a right tensioning wheel 2 414.

[0052] The left drive roller 401, left driven roller 409, left tensioning wheel 1 423, and left tensioning wheel 2 410 together tension the left belt 405. The right drive roller 422, right driven roller 413, right tensioning wheel 1 419, and right tensioning wheel 2 414 together tension the right belt 425.

[0053] The lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 also includes a left frame cylinder channel steel 402, a left spring 403, and a left channel steel 424, as well as a right frame cylinder channel steel 426, a right spring 420, and a right channel steel 421. The left frame cylinder channel steel 402 constrains the left tension wheel 423 to rotate only around the central axis via a central shaft, and the right frame cylinder channel steel 426 similarly constrains the right tension wheel 419 to rotate only around the central axis via a central shaft.

[0054] Left frame tube channel steel 402 is slidably connected to left channel steel 424 by bolts, and right frame tube channel steel 426 is slidably connected to right channel steel 421 by bolts. One side of left spring 403 is fixed to left channel steel 424, and the other side contacts left frame tube channel steel 402, using its elastic potential energy to hold left frame tube channel steel 402 in place. One side of right spring 420 is fixed to right channel steel 421, and the other side contacts right frame tube channel steel 426, using its elastic potential energy to hold right frame tube channel steel 426 in place.

[0055] The lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 also includes a left channel steel 407, a left frame channel steel 408, and a right channel steel 415 and a right frame channel steel 428. The left channel steel 407 constrains the left tension wheel 410 to rotate only around a central shaft via a central shaft, and the right channel steel 415 also constrains the right tension wheel 414 to rotate only around a central shaft via a central shaft. The left frame channel steel 408 is fixedly bolted to the left channel steel 407, and the right frame channel steel 428 is fixedly bolted to the right channel steel 415.

[0056] Left channel steel 424, left channel steel 407, right channel steel 421, and right channel steel 415 are respectively fixed to the left square steel arm 404, left telescopic square steel arm 406, right square steel arm 418, and right telescopic square steel arm 427. The left telescopic square steel arm 406 can be retracted or extended from the left square steel arm 404 via an adjustable bolt and its included bolt hole, and the right telescopic square steel arm 427 can be retracted or extended from the right square steel arm 418 via an adjustable bolt and its included bolt hole. The tension of the left and right belts can be adjusted by controlling the extension and retraction of the left and right telescopic square steel arms relative to their central square hollow slots.

[0057] The left steel arm 404 is fixed to the frame 6 by left support sheet metal one 412 and left support sheet metal two 411, and the right steel arm 418 is fixed to the frame 6 by right support sheet metal one 417 and right support sheet metal two 416.

[0058] The left drive roller 401 is directly driven by a stepper motor, and the right drive roller 422 is also directly driven by a stepper motor. When the left drive roller 401 and the right drive roller 422 are driven by the stepper motor, they rotate in opposite directions and at the same speed.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the collection basket 5 is placed on the frame 6 and located below and behind the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4, for receiving the lettuce conveyed by the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4.

[0060] like Figures 13-16 As shown, the present invention also proposes an operating procedure for a small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device, which specifically includes the following steps: S10: The operator turns on the power. The leaf removal assembly 12 is raised to the highest position of the synchronous belt 103 by the up-and-down moving assembly 11. The operator checks whether the height of the straight blade 212 from the ground is appropriate. S20: When the height of the blade 212 above the ground is appropriate, the operator uses the left handle 601 and the right handle 602 to control the direction of the device and push the device. The operator can choose to use the labor-saving pushing mode, aim at the area where the lettuce is about to be harvested, and push the device into the harvesting area. S30: The operator visually aligns the coarse leaf removal ring 112 with the lettuce that is about to be harvested at the rear of the device. The operator presses the normally open button to run the leaf removal mechanism. The up-down moving component 11 drives the leaf removal component 12 to descend to the lowest point of the synchronous belt 103. At the same time, the DC brushless motor 108 drives the gear set to rotate, causing the rubber band 139 to rotate at high speed. The normally open switch that controls the operation of the leaf removal device is skipped. S40: The leaf removal mechanism 1 pauses for a few seconds at the lowest point of the synchronous belt 103, the DC brushless motor 108 continues to run, and the normally open switch controlling the operation of the leaf removal device is skipped. S50: When the leaf removal assembly 12 has been raised to the highest point of the synchronous belt 103, the DC brushless motor 108 stops running, and the normally open switch controlling the operation of the leaf removal device is skipped; then the operation of skipping the normally open switch controlling the operation of the leaf removal device is released. S60: The operator can selectively use the labor-saving push mode to push the device forward using the left handle 601 and the right handle 602. At the same time, the main switch of the lettuce clamping conveyor mechanism 4 and the DC brushless motor 209 is turned on to run the left belt 405, the right belt 425 and the DC brushless motor 209, and the cutter head braking program is running. S70: The operator judges whether the straight blade 212 is running normally. If the straight blade 212 is running normally, the left belt 405 and the right belt 425 reverse at the same speed to clamp the lettuce to be harvested and transport it backward. The DC brushless motor 209 drives the straight blade 212 to rotate at high speed. S80: Determine whether the lettuce to be harvested has been harvested by the straight blade 212. If harvesting is completed, the harvested lettuce is transported to the rear collection basket 5 through the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4. S90: Determine whether the harvested lettuce has reached the rear collection basket 5. If so, the operator will turn off the main switch controlling the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 and the DC brushless motor 209; the electromagnetic chuck 1 210, electromagnetic chuck 219 and electromagnetic chuck 3 220 will be energized for a few seconds and then de-energized, and the harvesting operation will end.

[0061] S12: If the blade 212 is too low or not high enough from the ground, the operator presses the blade lift button to lift the blade 212. If the blade 212 is too high from the ground, the operator presses the blade lower button to lower the blade 212 until it is in the appropriate position.

[0062] S22: If the operator needs to push with less effort, the operator presses the normally open button of the drive wheel 301, and the drive wheel is powered on and rotates. If the less effort pushing mode is not needed, the operator releases the normally open button of the drive wheel 301, and the drive wheel is powered off and stops rotating, ending the cycle.

[0063] S72: If the straight blade 212 is not running properly, the operator will turn on the blade brake switch, de-energize the DC brushless motor 209, and energize the electromagnetic chucks 210, 219 and 220 to hold the straight blade 212 to achieve the purpose of braking. All the drive stepper motors of the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism 4 will be de-energized.

[0064] S74: The operator has handled the abnormal situation and restored the operation of the single-blade 212 to normal. The operator turns off the cutter head brake switch, and then de-energizes electromagnetic chuck 1 210, electromagnetic chuck 219 and electromagnetic chuck 3 220. This harvesting operation is now complete.

[0065] The working principle and process of the small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce leaf removal and harvesting device of the present invention are briefly described below.

[0066] The present invention provides a small, semi-automatic, hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device, which can be used in small to medium-sized lettuce fields with different terrains. This device is compact and meets the requirements of efficient defoliation and complete harvesting. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, high efficiency, and good interchangeability.

[0067] In addition, this lettuce defoliation and harvesting device can autonomously adjust the height of the straight blade from the ground according to different small and medium-sized lettuce field terrains. It can also remove the leaves from the surface of the lettuce before harvesting, keep the blade as close to the ground as possible during harvesting, and transport the lettuce safely and stably after harvesting. This device fills the vast development space for miniaturized lettuce harvesting devices.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A small, semi-automatic, hand-push type lettuce leaf removal and harvesting device, characterized in that, Includes a frame (6), a four-wheeled chassis (3), and components mounted on the frame (6): Leaf removal mechanism (1), the leaf removal mechanism (1) includes a vertical moving assembly (11) and a leaf removal assembly (12) mounted on a frame (6); the leaf removal assembly (12) includes a load-bearing ring assembly, a fine leaf removal assembly and a coarse leaf removal ring connected sequentially from top to bottom; the fine leaf removal assembly includes a DC brushless motor (108), a pinion (114) and an external gear ring (113), and a flexible leaf removal part is provided on the inner side of the external gear ring (113). The leaf removal assembly (12) moves vertically and linearly with the vertical moving assembly (11), and the DC brushless motor... Machine 1 (108) drives the outer gear ring (113) to rotate via a pinion gear (114), thereby causing the flexible leaf-removing part to move vertically in a spiral motion relative to the outer surface of the lettuce, achieving the purpose of fine leaf removal; the flexible leaf-removing part is a rubber band (139) and three support sheet metal 1 (109) that expand it into a triangular shape, and the three support sheet metal 1 (109) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer gear ring (113); or the flexible leaf-removing part is a number of flexible blades, and the flexible blades are fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer gear ring (113); The adjustable blade mechanism (2) includes an electric screw assembly and a blade mechanism, wherein the blade mechanism includes a blade (212), a DC brushless motor (209) and a blade arm (203); the high-speed rotating blade (212) is used to cut the bottom of the lettuce and the cutting height is adjusted by the electric screw assembly.

2. The small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external gear ring (113) is disposed between the upper cover plate (126) and the lower abutment plate (123) of the thrust ball bearing. At the same time, the external gear ring (113) is constrained axially by the upper thrust ball bearing (115) and the lower thrust ball bearing (122). In addition, a transition ring (110) is provided on the outer side of the lower thrust ball bearing (122). The external gear ring (113) is radially engaged with a plurality of deep groove ball bearings (111) mounted on the transition ring (110).

3. The small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The load-bearing ring assembly includes a lower load-bearing ring (117) and an upper load-bearing ring (118). The lower load-bearing ring (117) is sleeved on four leaf-removing mechanism optical shafts (116), and the upper and lower ends of the lower load-bearing ring (117) are respectively provided with horizontal optical shaft supports (107) for axial positioning. Several conical hollow pads (130) are distributed on the transition ring (110), and the deep groove ball bearing (111) is installed in the conical hollow pads (130) by bolts.

4. The small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The up-and-down moving assembly (11) includes a timing belt mechanism and a guide rail slider mechanism; The synchronous belt mechanism includes a stepper motor (120), a coupling (119), a synchronous belt (103), and a slide (102). The guide rail slider mechanism includes a slider (124), a slider (125), and a linear slide rail (104). The load-bearing ring assembly is fixedly connected to the slide (102), slider (124), and slider (125) respectively through connectors (101), connectors (105), and connectors (106) to realize the up and down movement of the leaf removal assembly (12).

5. The small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The one-piece blade mechanism is equipped with a brake and baffle integrated disc (202), and the brake and baffle integrated disc (202) is equipped with several electromagnetic chucks. The electromagnetic chucks brake the one-piece blade (212) made of stainless steel or iron. At the same time, the brake and baffle integrated disc (202) has an arc-shaped baffle on its side.

6. The small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The electric lead screw assembly includes a motor mounting base (221), a second stepper motor (206), a lead screw (204), a ball nut (215), and an oil groove plate (214). The cutter arm (203) and the ball nut (215) are respectively connected to the oil groove plate (214). The oil groove plate (214) is provided with two oil grooves (207), which correspond to the first optical axis (208) and the second optical axis (213) installed vertically on the motor mounting base (221).

7. The small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It also includes a lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism (4) and a collection basket (5) located below its output end; the lettuce clamping and conveying mechanism (4) includes a left belt conveyor and a right belt conveyor with the same structure and symmetrical arrangement; The left belt conveyor mechanism includes a left drive roller (401), a left driven roller (409), a left tensioning wheel one (423), a left tensioning wheel two (410), and a tensioning left belt (405); the left drive roller (401) and the right drive roller (422) provided on the right belt conveyor mechanism are driven to reverse at the same speed by a stepper motor.

8. The small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The left tensioning wheel (423) is rotatably connected to the left frame tube channel steel (402), and the left frame tube channel steel (402) is connected to the left channel steel (424) through the left spring (403) to realize the autonomous adjustment of the spacing of the left belt (405); the left tensioning wheel (410) adopts the same structure to realize the autonomous adjustment of the spacing of the left belt (405).

9. The small semi-automatic hand-push lettuce defoliation and harvesting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The left channel steel one (424) is fixed on the left side steel arm (404); the left channel steel two (407) is fixed on the left telescopic side steel arm (406); the left side steel arm (404) and the left telescopic side steel arm (406) are slidably engaged to adjust the tension of the left belt (405); in addition, the left side steel arm (404) is fixed on the frame (6) by the left support sheet metal one (412) and the left support sheet metal two (411).

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