A high-efficiency cultivation method for taro with green color

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of taro green efficient cultivation methods of agricultural cultivation technical field, comprising the following steps: step one, before sowing preparation: land leveling, ditch fertilizer application;Step two, seed selection and germination;Step three, film mulching and moisture retention;Step four, water and fertilizer integrated management: installation water and fertilizer integrated facilities;Step five, plant type management: remove redundant lateral branch, adjust leaf density of plant;Step six, disease and pest control: comprehensive control possible encountered disease and pest in the growth process of taro;Step seven, taro harvesting.The method is easy to operate, by applying tea bran in taro planting, both can utilize the rich nutrient substances of tea bran to provide the required nutrients for taro plant growth, reduce the input of chemical fertilizer, and can also inhibit the activity of a variety of pathogenic bacteria and control underground pests by tea saponin contained in tea bran, while the removed taro lateral branch is composted with tea bran, realizing green efficient cultivation while recycling resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural cultivation technology, specifically a green and efficient taro cultivation method. Background Technology

[0002] Taro, a crop with a long history, is widely cultivated and used in my country and many Asian countries. It is not only an important food crop but also a crucial raw material for food processing, medicinal cuisine, and export trade. Due to its high yield, long shelf life, and rich nutritional content, taro plays a vital role in ensuring food security, increasing farmers' income, and promoting agricultural economic development. Its high yield makes it an important crop for improving overall agricultural productivity. Under suitable growing conditions, taro can grow rapidly and accumulate a large amount of nutrients. Besides the edible taro stems, which also contain abundant nutrients and can be used as food, taro requires a large amount of fertilizer during its growth stage. Even after the taro is harvested, the soil still contains a significant amount of nutrients, providing a fertile soil environment for subsequent planting of other crops. This not only provides growers with a stable economic income but also saves on the labor and economic costs of repeated fertilization.

[0003] Although taro plays an important role in agriculture, existing cultivation methods still have some problems. As mentioned earlier, traditional taro cultivation requires a large amount of fertilizer for growth, and growers often use chemical fertilizers to achieve high yields and larger taro plants. However, due to the long growth cycle and high fertilizer requirements of taro, excessive use of chemical fertilizers leads to soil structure damage, nutrient imbalance, and environmental pollution. Furthermore, it prevents the application of other crops to the taro field after harvest, resulting in resource waste due to the inability to recycle soil. In addition, excessive chemical residues in taro products affect food safety and consumer health. Moreover, existing cultivation methods using chemical fertilizers lack effective utilization of agricultural waste; side shoots removed during taro cultivation are often discarded or burned without being utilized as resources. To address the soil damage and inability to recycle natural resources caused by dependence on chemical fertilizers, it is necessary to propose a green and efficient taro cultivation method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to apply tea seed cake to taro cultivation. This allows the rich nutrients in tea seed cake to provide the necessary nutrients for taro plant growth, reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. Furthermore, the tea saponins contained in tea seed cake can inhibit the activity of various pathogens and control underground pests. At the same time, the removed taro side branches can be composted together with the tea seed cake, achieving green and efficient cultivation while recycling resources.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A green and efficient taro cultivation method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, Pre-planting preparation: Select a deep and fertile plot of land that has not been planted with taro in the previous two crops. One week before planting, the land should be prepared by raking and leveling. The land can be prepared by planting in single ridges with double rows or single ridges with single rows. Apply fertilizer in the furrows and mix it with the soil.

[0007] Step 2, Seed selection, sprouting and sowing: Select healthy taro seeds with no disease spots or wounds on the skin and intact, visible bud tips. Place the taro seeds in a cool, ventilated place to sprout naturally. Sow them on any sunny day between late February and late March. Before sowing, the taro seeds need to be disinfected and the surface moisture removed before sowing. When planting, make holes according to the spacing of mature plants, place the taro seeds horizontally in the holes with the bud tips facing outwards, cover with a thin layer of soil, and water thoroughly.

[0008] Step 3, mulching to retain moisture: After the taro seedlings emerge, cover the soil around the taro seedlings with black weed-proof film;

[0009] Step 4, Integrated water and fertilizer management: After sowing, install integrated water and fertilizer facilities and drip irrigation. Use tea seed cake and organic fertilizer made from crushed and composted side branches as the main fertilizer, supplemented with biological fertilizer. Apply a thick base fertilizer and apply a thin fertilizer frequently. Use the integrated water and fertilizer facilities to apply fertilizer multiple times. The application of water and fertilizer depends on the growth stage of the plant. According to the growth status of the taro plant, the plant growth stage is divided into the emergence stage, seedling stage, vegetative growth stage, vigorous growth stage, maturity stage and harvest stage.

[0010] Step 5, Plant Shape Management: During the initial growth stage to the vigorous growth stage, use a pulling device to remove several lateral branches growing next to the mother taro plant. The removed plants are then collected and crushed by the pulling device and composted with tea bran for subsequent fertilization. During the vigorous growth stage, adjust the plant shape according to the plant's growth by cutting off 2-3 old leaves at the bottom of the plant to maintain ventilation in the field. Apply fertilizer appropriately according to the plant's growth, and increase the application of potassium fertilizer.

[0011] Step 6, Pest and Disease Control: Prevention is the main focus, combined with control. During fertilization, apply tea seed cake organic fertilizer to enhance the plant's disease resistance. Depending on the different taro pests and diseases, apply appropriate pesticides as the main control method, supplemented by biological and physical control methods.

[0012] Step 7, Taro Harvesting: The harvesting time for taro is from mid-November to late March of the following year. Harvest on a sunny day. When harvesting, dig up the whole plant, remove residual leaves, fibrous roots and excess tubers, dry the moisture and place them in a cool and ventilated place for orderly stacking and storage. Take measures to prevent rodents from entering. For unharvested taro, it is advisable to build a simple bamboo frame small arched shed or directly cover it with a plastic film. At the same time, clean the field ditches to ensure that the water can drain, the field dries up after rain and there is no standing water in the ditches.

[0013] Further, in Step 1, when leveling the land by harrowing, the soil needs to be deeply plowed by 30 cm - 50 cm and exposed to the sun for 7 days - 10 days; the land is prepared for planting in single ridges with double rows or single rows. For single ridges with double rows, the width of the ridge is 1.0 m - 1.2 m, and the width of the ditch is 0.6 m. For single ridges with single rows, the width of the ridge is 0.6 m - 0.7 m, and the width of the ditch is 0.5 m - 0.6 m; the fertilizers applied in the ditch are 30 kg - 50 kg of tea seed cake per 667 m 2 , which can prevent underground pests and also serve as organic fertilizer, 1000 kg - 1250 kg of decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer per 667 m 2 , 50 kg - 80 kg of 17 - 17 - 17 compound fertilizer per 667 m 2 and 25 kg - 40 kg of medium and trace element fertilizer per 667 m 2 .

[0014] Further, in Step 2, the weight of the taro seeds used as daughter taros is about 30 g - 50 g, and sowing can be carried out when the sprouted buds grow to 1 cm - 2 cm. The taro seeds are disinfected by soaking them in a 500 - fold dilution of 20% thiodiazole copper wettable powder and a 500 - fold dilution of 10% clothianidin seed treatment suspension for 30 minutes.

[0015] Further, in Step 2, when sowing, the "checkerboard" method is used to dig holes for planting. Holes are dug at a distance of 30 cm - 50 cm per plant, and the depth of the pit is 5 cm - 8 cm. 1800 plants - 2300 plants are planted per 667 m 2 .

[0016] Further, in Step 3, the film - covering situation depends on the planting situation. For example, if single - ridge double - row planting of taro is selected, black weed - proof films are respectively used to cover the two rows on the ridge and between the two ridges; if single - ridge single - row planting of taro is selected, a black weed - proof film is covered between the two ridges. When covering the weed - proof film, it needs to be leveled and compacted, and fixed with special plastic film nails.

[0017] Further, in Step 4, during the emergence period, no fertilization is required temporarily, and the soil moisture is kept dry; during the seedling period, after the taro seedlings are planted and survive until they grow 3 leaves and 1 heart, the taro seedlings are fertilized with 5 kg - 8 kg of water - soluble 15 - 15 - 15 compound fertilizer per 667 m 2 , 3 kg - 5 kg of urea per 667 m 2 , 1 kg of water - soluble humic acid per 667 m 2 . At this time, water is dripped every 5 - 8 days to keep the ridge surface moist.

[0018] Further, in Step 4, during the tillering period, when the plant grows 6 leaves, the plant is fertilized with 20 kg - 30 kg of water - soluble 15 - 15 - 15 compound fertilizer per 667 m 2 , and foliar - sprayed with a 1000 - fold dilution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer and a 10000 - fold dilution of 0.02% chlorophyllin iron soluble powder plant regulator.

[0019] Furthermore, in step four, during the vigorous growth period, when the plant has grown to 8 leaves, apply 20-30 kg / 667 m² of water-soluble 15-5-24 compound fertilizer. 2 Then apply the fertilizer by dripping every 20-30 days for a total of 3 times. During this period, you can spray amino acid foliar fertilizer and dihydroporphyrin iron soluble powder plant regulator diluted 5000 times with the fertilizer. During the bulb enlargement period, the ridge surface needs to be kept moist, drip water every 5-8 days. In hot weather, drip water 1-2 times a day. If the field is convenient for irrigation, the furrow should be kept with a water layer of 6cm-8cm deep.

[0020] Furthermore, in step four, during the ripening period, depending on the plant's growth, additional potassium fertilizer should be applied, foliar fertilizer should be sprayed 1-2 times, and the ridge surface should be dripped with water every 2-3 days, or a shallow water layer of 1cm-3cm should be irrigated in the furrows; during the harvest period, the accumulated water in the furrows should be drained to keep the ridge surface dry.

[0021] Furthermore, in step six, the common diseases and pests during taro growth and their integrated control methods are as follows:

[0022] To prevent and control taro blight, it is important to note that rainy or hot and humid weather is conducive to the occurrence of this disease. Therefore, prevention and control should be carried out before the rainy season. Before the onset of the disease, spray with a 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder or a 15000-2000 times diluted solution of 80% dimethomorph water-dispersible granules. Spray once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays. Each spray should be avoided on rainy days and during periods of high temperature. It is best to choose a cloudy day or the evening of a sunny day. The upper and lower surfaces of the leaves and petioles should all be sprayed with the solution.

[0023] To control taro soft rot, which begins to occur from late May to early June, physical control methods include strengthening field management: treating the soil with insecticides before planting to prevent larvae from biting the mother taro; applying quicklime and deep plowing and sun-drying the field before planting; ensuring reasonable planting density; timely removal of old, diseased, and damaged leaves, as well as excess daughter taro; maintaining good ventilation in the field; and taking care not to damage the mother taro during agricultural operations to prevent pathogen infection. Chemical control should be carried out before the onset of the disease. A 300-500 times diluted solution of 20% thiabendazole copper suspension emulsion can be sprayed evenly on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves and petioles every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 applications.

[0024] The prevention and control of taro wilt disease are as follows: physical control means to strengthen field management: diseased plants should be removed as soon as they are found, and the diseased plant debris in the field should be collected and burned; chemical control means to use 1 billion spores or Bacillus subtilis wettable powder diluted 50-60 times for root irrigation or hole application.

[0025] To control taro anthracnose, chemical control involves spraying the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves, as well as the petioles, with a 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% azoxystrobin suspension emulsion before the onset of the disease. Spray once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays.

[0026] For the prevention and control of taro spot disease, physical control methods include removing diseased plants and keeping the field clean; chemical control methods include spraying the leaves, backs and petioles of the plant evenly with a 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder diluted 800-1000 times or a 50% iprodione wettable powder diluted 1000-1500 times, once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays.

[0027] Common pests affecting taro include the beet armyworm and mole cricket. For production safety, both biological and physical control methods are employed: physical control involves manually killing found insect eggs, pupae, and larvae; biological control utilizes the phototaxis and chemotaxis of insects, setting up insect-attracting lamps and pheromone traps around the field to kill adult insects; during the plant growth period, approximately every 50 days, 30 kg / 667 m² of insecticide is applied. 2 Tea seed cake soaked in water is used for drip irrigation to control underground pests.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. The fertilizers used in taro cultivation are mainly tea seed cake. This is the first time that tea seed cake has been introduced into taro cultivation. It can provide the nutrients needed for plant growth by utilizing the rich nutrients in tea seed cake. On the one hand, it can promote plant growth, and on the other hand, it can reduce the input of chemical fertilizers. In addition, the tea saponins contained in tea seed cake have good biological activity, which can inhibit the activity of various pathogens and have a certain control effect on various underground pests. Applying tea seed cake can effectively increase the soil organic matter content and control underground pests of taro.

[0029] 2. During the taro plant's vegetative growth stage to its vigorous growth period, by removing several lateral branches around the mother taro plant that divert nutrients from the mother taro, the yield of finished mother taro and the diameter of the corm can be increased. Furthermore, by recycling the removed lateral branches into a compost mixture with tea bran, the fertilizer nutrients can be returned to the mother taro plant, realizing the recycling of natural resources, and avoiding the problems of wasting resources and polluting the environment by treating lateral branches as agricultural waste.

[0030] 3. Raised ridges are built during land preparation, which eliminates the need for earthing up compared to traditional planting. This reduces labor and damage to plants, lessens the labor intensity and cost of earthing up, and improves the efficiency and effectiveness of planting management.

[0031] 4. Before sowing taro seeds, soak them in a 500-fold dilution of 20% thiamethoxam wettable powder and a 500-fold dilution of 10% thiamethoxam seed treatment suspension. Thiamethoxam wettable powder has broad-spectrum bactericidal efficacy and good systemic activity. By penetrating into the seed, it provides continuous disease control throughout the entire growth cycle. Thiamethoxam seed treatment suspension has broad-spectrum insecticidal efficacy and systemic activity. By penetrating into the seed, it provides continuous pest control throughout the entire growth cycle.

[0032] 5. The weed-proof film mulching cultivation mode can retain moisture, eliminate the need for weeding, reduce the damage to plants caused by manual weeding, and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

[0033] 6. The application of integrated water and fertilizer management in taro cultivation allows for intelligent adjustment of water volume and fertilizer type according to different growth stages of the plant. This reduces the labor intensity of manual fertilization while providing precise fertilization, which not only reduces labor costs but also meets the growth needs of the plant at different stages.

[0034] 7. Applying ecological environment seedling control technology to taro cultivation: Due to the hot and rainy climate in taro producing areas during July and August, taro plants are prone to excessive growth. In addition, this period is the rapid expansion period of underground corms, and the corms absorb more nutrients from the surrounding environment, resulting in poor plant resistance and widespread and serious disease outbreaks. This technology uses dihydroporphyrin iron, a natural organic product extracted from plant chlorophyll. During the vigorous growth period, a 0.02% dihydroporphyrin iron soluble powder diluted 2500 times can be used to increase yield while effectively inhibiting excessive plant growth. Furthermore, dihydroporphyrin iron can stimulate the plant's basic immune response, induce multiple disease resistance signaling pathways, improve the crop's systemic resistance, thereby resisting the infection of various pathogens, increasing leaf thickness, and enhancing plant resistance.

[0035] 8. In terms of insect control, the use of insect-attracting lamps and pheromone traps to trap and kill adult insects can reduce the use of chemical pesticides. Field trials have shown that the use of pheromone traps in the field can effectively trap the beet armyworm and reduce its damage to taro growth.

[0036] 9. When tea seed cake and taro side branches are crushed together and used as fertilizer, nutrients can complement and accumulate, making the compost more nutrient-rich and comprehensive. This not only provides sufficient nutrients for taro plants but also improves soil structure and fertility. Furthermore, since taro side branches are agricultural waste and tea seed cake is a by-product, the combined reuse of the two greatly reduces resource waste.

[0037] 10. The combination of weed-control film mulching and ecological seedling control technology provides a favorable external environment and internal regulation for taro growth. Weed-control film mulching not only retains moisture and eliminates the need for weeding, but also reduces damage to plants and the occurrence of diseases caused by manual weeding. Meanwhile, the application of dihydroporphyrin iron in the ecological seedling control technology increases yield while inhibiting excessive plant growth and improving systemic resistance, which is conducive to high yield and high quality of taro.

[0038] 11. The above methods, when applied to taro cultivation, not only increase taro yield but also significantly reduce the pollution of the environment and soil caused by chemical fertilizers, thus achieving sustainable agricultural production. Furthermore, due to the reduction in pesticide residues on crops, there is a certain guarantee for the health of consumers, achieving green and efficient cultivation. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of the green and efficient taro cultivation method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a front cross-sectional view of the removal device in the green and efficient taro cultivation method of this invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the clamping component of the green and efficient taro cultivation method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Carriage box; 2. Telescopic tube; 3. Drive box; 4. Lifting plate; 5. Power chamber; 6. Hollow seat; 7. Clamp; 8. Gear plate; 9. Gear rack; 10. Cylinder rod; 11. Piston; 12. Nut plate; 13. Lead screw; 14. Air supply pipe; 15. First motor; 16. Drive shaft; 17. Second motor; 18. Wheel; 19. Powder chamber; 20. Motor chamber; 21. Third motor; 22. Rotating rod; 23. Blade; 24. Stirring chamber; 25. Filter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0044] The basic implementation examples are as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown: A green and efficient taro cultivation method, including the following steps:

[0045] Step 1, Pre-planting preparation: Select a deep, fertile plot of land that has not been planted with taro in the previous two crops. One week before planting, the land should be prepared by harrowing and leveling. After harrowing, the soil should be deeply tilled to a depth of 30-50cm and exposed to sunlight for 7-10 days. The land should be prepared for single-ridge double-row or single-ridge single-row planting, with raised beds. For single-ridge double-row planting, the bed width should be 1.0m-1.2m and the furrow width 0.6m. For single-ridge single-row planting, the bed width should be 0.6m-0.7m and the furrow width 0.5m-0.6m. Apply fertilizer to the furrows and mix it thoroughly with the soil. The fertilizer used in the furrows is 30-50kg / 667m² of tea seed cake, which can control underground pests and serve as organic fertilizer. 2 1000-1250 kg / 667 m² of well-rotted farmyard manure or organic fertilizer 2 17-17-17 compound fertilizer 50kg-80kg / 667m 2 Mixed micronutrient fertilizer 25kg-40kg / 667m 2 ;

[0046] Step 2, Seed selection, sprouting, and sowing: Select healthy taro seeds with no disease spots or wounds on the skin, weighing approximately 30g-50g, and with intact and visible bud tips. Place the taro seeds in a cool, ventilated place to sprout naturally. Once the sprouts grow to 1cm-2cm, they can be sown. Sowing can be carried out on any sunny day between late February and late March. Before sowing, the taro seeds need to be disinfected. To disinfect the taro seeds, soak them in a 500-fold diluted solution of 20% thiamethoxam wettable powder and a 500-fold diluted solution of 10% thiamethoxam seed treatment suspension for 30 minutes. Remove and air-dry the surface moisture of the taro seeds before sowing. When planting, make holes according to the spacing of mature plants, place the taro seeds horizontally in the holes with the bud tips facing outwards, cover with a thin layer of soil, and water thoroughly.

[0047] Step 3, Mulching to retain moisture: After the taro seedlings emerge, cover the soil around the taro seedlings with black weed control film. The mulching situation depends on the planting situation. If you choose to plant taro in double rows on a single bed, cover the two rows on the ridge and the space between the two ridges with black weed control film. If you choose to plant taro in single rows on a single bed, cover the space between the two ridges with black weed control film. When covering the weed control film, you need to flatten and compact it, and fix it with special mulch film nails.

[0048] Step 4, Integrated Water and Fertilizer Management: After sowing, install integrated water and fertilizer facilities and drip irrigation. Because taro has a long growth period, high yield, and large fertilizer requirements, tea seed cake organic fertilizer is the main fertilizer in the early stage of taro growth. After the taro begins to remove side branches, the mixed organic fertilizer of tea seed cake and side branches becomes the main fertilizer. The rich nutrients contained in tea seed cake and side branches can provide the nutrients needed for taro growth. In addition, bio-fertilizer is added. Apply a thick base fertilizer and apply a thin fertilizer frequently. Use the integrated water and fertilizer facility to top-dress multiple times. The application of water and fertilizer depends on the growth stage of the plant. According to the growth status of the taro plant, the plant growth stage is divided into the emergence stage, seedling stage, vegetative growth stage, vigorous growth stage, maturity stage, and harvest stage.

[0049] During the seedling stage, there is no need to apply fertilizer, and the soil moisture should be kept dry.

[0050] During the seedling stage, from the time the taro seedlings have survived planting until they have grown 3 leaves and 1 bud, apply 5-8 kg / 667 m² of water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer to the taro seedlings. 2 3-5 kg / 667 m³ of urea 2 Water-soluble humic acid 1kg / 667m 2 At this time, drip water every 5-8 days to keep the ridge surface moist;

[0051] During the vegetative growth period, when the plant has grown 6 leaves, apply 20-30 kg / 667 m² of water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer. 2 Foliar spray with a 1000-fold diluted solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer and a 10000-fold diluted solution of 0.02% dihydroporphyrin iron soluble powder plant regulator;

[0052] During the vigorous growth period, when the plant has grown to 8 leaves, apply 20-30 kg / 667 m² of water-soluble 15-5-24 compound fertilizer. 2 Then apply the fertilizer by dripping every 20-30 days for a total of 3 times. During this period, you can spray amino acid foliar fertilizer and dihydroporphyrin iron soluble powder plant regulator diluted 5000 times with the fertilizer. During the bulb enlargement period, the ridge surface needs to be kept moist, drip water every 5-8 days. In hot weather, drip water 1-2 times a day. If the field is convenient for irrigation, the furrow should be kept with a water layer of 6cm-8cm deep.

[0053] During the ripening period, depending on the plant growth, apply additional potassium fertilizer, spray foliar fertilizer 1-2 times, drip water on the ridge surface every 2-3 days, or irrigate the furrows with a shallow water layer of 1cm-3cm; during the harvest period, drain the accumulated water in the furrows and keep the ridge surface dry.

[0054] Step 5, Plant Shape Management: During the vegetative growth stage to the vigorous growth stage, several lateral branches will grow around the taro plant. Since this method mainly harvests the mother tuber, in order to increase the yield of the mother tuber and the diameter of the tubers, it is necessary to remove several lateral branches growing next to the mother tuber plant to prevent them from taking away fertilizer and soil nutrients from the mother tuber. The removal of these lateral branches is assisted by a removal device. The removed plants are then collected and crushed by the removal device and composted with tea bran for subsequent fertilization. During the vigorous growth stage, plant shape should be adjusted according to the plant's growth. The lower 2-3 old leaves of the plant should be cut off to maintain ventilation in the field. To prevent the plants from growing too tall and being blown over by strong winds, which could damage the taro growth, fertilizer can be applied reasonably according to the plant's growth, with an increase in potassium fertilizer.

[0055] The removal device includes a vehicle body 1 and a drive box 3, which are fixedly connected. Several wheels 18 are rotatably connected to the bottom of both the vehicle body 1 and the drive box 3. The drive box 3 contains a lifting plate 4, a second motor 17, and a clamping assembly. One side of the lifting plate 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive box 3 near the vehicle body 1, and the other side is fixedly connected to the clamping assembly. The second motor 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive box 3. A drive shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 4, perpendicularly penetrating the lifting plate 4 and coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 17. A power chamber 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom. A first motor 15 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the power chamber 5. A lead screw 13 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 15. A cylinder is also provided in the power chamber 5. A piston 11 is slidably connected in the cylinder. A nut plate 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the piston 11. One end of the lead screw 13 passes through the bottom of the cylinder and the piston 11. The nut plate 12 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 13. The piston 11 is slidably connected to the lead screw 13. A cylinder rod 10 is fixedly connected to the side of the piston 11 away from the lead screw 13. The cylinder rod 10 passes through the power chamber 5 and extends to the outside of the power chamber 5 and is fixedly connected to the clamping assembly.

[0056] The clamping assembly includes an L-shaped hollow seat 6, a rack 9, and several gear discs 8. One end of the rack 9 is fixedly connected to the cylinder rod 10, and the other end of the rack 9 extends through the hollow seat 6 to the outside of the drive housing 3. The outer wall of one end of the hollow seat 6 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 4, and the other end of the hollow seat 6 extends to the outside of the drive housing 3 and is slidably connected to the rack 9. The gear discs 8 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the hollow seat 6 on the side outside the drive housing 3. The gear discs 8 and the hollow seat 6 are rotatably connected by a shaft. The toothed discs 8 are located on both sides of the rack 9 and mesh with the rack 9. Each toothed disc 8 is fixedly connected with a clamp 7. The inner side wall of the clamp 7 is provided with an anti-slip layer. An air inlet is opened at the L-shaped corner of the hollow seat 6. An air outlet is opened on the side of the cylinder near the rack 9. An air supply pipe 14 is connected between the air inlet and the air outlet. Several discharge ports are opened on the inner bottom wall of the hollow seat 6 outside the drive box 3. A sliding groove is opened on the drive box 3 to provide lifting space for the lifting plate 4 and the clamp 7.

[0057] The carriage 1 is horizontally equipped with a crushing box and several fertilizer boxes. The fertilizer boxes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the crushing box. The fertilizer boxes are connected to the hollow seat 6 by telescopic pipes 2. A filter plate 25 is fixedly connected inside the crushing box. The filter plate 25 divides the crushing box into a mixing chamber 24 and a powder chamber 19 from top to bottom. A motor chamber 20 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter plate 25. A third motor 21 is installed inside the motor chamber 20. A rotating rod 22 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor 21. The rotating rod 22 extends through the motor chamber 20 and the filter plate 25 into the mixing chamber 24. Several blades 23 are fixedly connected to the rotating rod 22.

[0058] An image recognition probe is installed on the top of the drive box 3. A controller is also installed inside the drive box 3. The controller is connected to the image recognition probe, the first motor 15, the second motor 17 and the third motor 21.

[0059] Step 6, Pest and Disease Control: Prevention is the main focus, combined with control. During fertilization, apply tea seed cake organic fertilizer to enhance the plant's disease resistance. Depending on the different taro pests and diseases, apply appropriate pesticides as the main control method, supplemented by biological and physical control methods.

[0060] The common diseases and pests affecting taro during its growth and their integrated management methods are as follows:

[0061] To prevent and control taro blight, it is important to note that rainy or hot and humid weather is conducive to the occurrence of this disease. Therefore, prevention and control should be carried out before the rainy season. Before the onset of the disease, spray with a 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder or a 15000-2000 times diluted solution of 80% dimethomorph water-dispersible granules. Spray once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays. Each spray should be avoided on rainy days and during periods of high temperature. It is best to choose a cloudy day or the evening of a sunny day. The upper and lower surfaces of the leaves and petioles should all be sprayed with the solution.

[0062] To control taro soft rot, which begins to occur from late May to early June, physical control methods include strengthening field management: treating the soil with insecticides before planting to prevent larvae from biting the mother taro; applying quicklime and deep plowing and sun-drying the field before planting; ensuring reasonable planting density; timely removal of old, diseased, and damaged leaves, as well as excess daughter taro; maintaining good ventilation in the field; and taking care not to damage the mother taro during agricultural operations to prevent pathogen infection. Chemical control should be carried out before the onset of the disease. A 300-500 times diluted solution of 20% thiabendazole copper suspension emulsion can be sprayed evenly on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves and petioles every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 applications.

[0063] The prevention and control of taro wilt disease are as follows: physical control means to strengthen field management: diseased plants should be removed as soon as they are found, and the diseased plant debris in the field should be collected and burned; chemical control means to use 1 billion spores or Bacillus subtilis wettable powder diluted 50-60 times for root irrigation or hole application.

[0064] To control taro anthracnose, chemical control involves spraying the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves, as well as the petioles, with a 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% azoxystrobin suspension emulsion before the onset of the disease. Spray once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays.

[0065] For the prevention and control of taro spot disease, physical control methods include removing diseased plants and keeping the field clean; chemical control methods include spraying the leaves, backs and petioles of the plant evenly with a 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder diluted 800-1000 times or a 50% iprodione wettable powder diluted 1000-1500 times, once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays.

[0066] Common pests affecting taro include the beet armyworm and mole cricket. For production safety, both biological and physical control methods are employed: physical control involves manually killing found insect eggs, pupae, and larvae; biological control utilizes the phototaxis and chemotaxis of insects, setting up insect-attracting lamps and pheromone traps around the field to kill adult insects; during the plant growth period, approximately every 50 days, 30 kg / 667 m² of insecticide is applied. 2 Tea seed cake soaked in water is used for drip irrigation to prevent underground pests;

[0067] Step 7, Taro Harvesting: The harvesting time for taro is from mid-November to late March of the following year. Harvest on a sunny day. When harvesting, dig up the whole plant, remove residual leaves, fibrous roots and excess tubers, dry the moisture and place them in a cool and ventilated place for orderly stacking and storage. Take measures to prevent rodents from entering. For unharvested taro, it is advisable to build a simple bamboo frame small arched shed or directly cover it with a plastic film. At the same time, clean the field ditches to ensure that the water can drain, the field dries up after rain and there is no standing water in the ditches.

[0068] The specific beneficial effects are as follows: During taro cultivation, the main fertilizer used is tea seed cake. By recycling the removed lateral branches during the vegetative growth stage and vigorous growth period into a mixed compost with tea seed cake, nutrient complementarity and accumulation can be achieved, making the compost more nutrient-rich and comprehensive. This provides sufficient nutrients for the taro plants, improves soil structure, and enhances soil fertility. Furthermore, since taro lateral branches are agricultural waste and tea seed cake is a byproduct, the mixed reuse of the two greatly reduces resource waste. The introduction of tea seed cake into taro cultivation for the first time allows the rich nutrients in tea seed cake to provide the necessary nutrients for plant growth, promoting plant growth while reducing the input of chemical fertilizers. In addition, the tea saponins contained in tea seed cake have good biological activity, inhibiting the activity of various pathogens and having a certain control effect on various underground pests. Applying tea seed cake can effectively increase soil organic matter content and control underground pests affecting taro.

[0069] Raised ridges are created during land preparation, eliminating the need for earthing up compared to traditional planting methods. This reduces labor costs and damage to plants, while also lowering the intensity and cost of earthing up, thus improving management efficiency and profitability.

[0070] Before sowing taro seeds, soak them in a 500-fold dilution of 20% thiamethoxam wettable powder and a 500-fold dilution of 10% thiamethoxam seed treatment suspension. Thiamethoxam wettable powder has broad-spectrum bactericidal efficacy and good systemic activity. By penetrating into the seed, it provides continuous disease control throughout the entire growth cycle. Thiamethoxam seed treatment suspension has broad-spectrum insecticidal efficacy and systemic activity. By penetrating into the seed, it provides continuous pest control throughout the entire growth cycle.

[0071] The combination of weed-control mulch cultivation and ecological seedling control technology provides a favorable external environment and internal regulation for taro growth. Weed-control mulch not only retains moisture and eliminates the need for weeding, but also reduces damage to plants and the occurrence of diseases caused by manual weeding. Meanwhile, the application of dihydroporphyrin iron in the ecological seedling control technology increases yield while inhibiting excessive plant growth and improving systemic resistance, thus contributing to high yield and quality of taro.

[0072] This technology applies ecological seedling control to taro cultivation. In taro-producing areas, the hot and rainy climate during July and August often leads to excessive vegetative growth. This period also coincides with the rapid expansion of underground corms, increasing nutrient absorption and resulting in poor plant resistance, which in turn leads to widespread and severe disease outbreaks. Traditional methods involve spraying or drenching with chemical inhibitors such as paclobutrazol. However, these inhibitors can damage the plants, causing the taro corms to become hard and resulting in poor yield quality. This technology utilizes a natural organic product, dihydroporphyrin iron, extracted from plant chlorophyll. During the vigorous growth period, a 0.02% dihydroporphyrin ferric soluble powder diluted 2500 times can be used. While increasing yield, it can also effectively inhibit excessive vegetative growth. Furthermore, dihydroporphyrin ferric can stimulate the plant's basic immune response, induce multiple disease resistance signaling pathways, and improve the crop's systemic resistance, thereby resisting the infection of various pathogens, increasing leaf thickness and plant resistance. Since dihydroporphyrin ferric is one of the natural products of chlorophyll degradation in plants, it means that it has high biocompatibility and degradability in nature, truly achieving a residue-free and pollution-free effect, and will not affect the growth of the next crop.

[0073] In terms of pest control, the use of insect-attracting lamps and pheromone traps to kill adult insects can reduce the use of chemical pesticides. The beet armyworm is a major pest of taro, and its adult reproduction cycle is short and its reproduction rate is high. Light trapping is a physical control method with low cost. Pheromone traps are biological traps that are green, environmentally friendly, and pollution-free, and belong to biological control. Field trials have shown that the use of pheromone traps in the field can effectively trap the beet armyworm and reduce its damage to taro growth.

[0074] The above methods, when applied to taro cultivation, have significantly reduced the pollution of the environment and soil caused by chemical fertilizers while increasing taro yield, thus achieving sustainable development of agricultural production. Furthermore, due to the reduction in pesticide residues on crops, there is a certain degree of protection for the health of consumers, achieving green and efficient cultivation.

[0075] The specific implementation process of the removal device is as follows: Since the lateral branches of taro will take away the nutrients of the mother taro, it is necessary to manually remove the lateral branches in the field every once in a while and then collect and burn or bury them. This is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the lateral branches of taro cannot be properly treated. Therefore, according to the removal device set in step five, the machine can replace manual labor. The removal device is placed in the ditch of each row of taro plants, the clamping component is aligned with the direction of the taro plants on the row, and the removal device is started. At this time, the image recognition probe located on the top of the drive box 3 will distinguish the mother taro plant and the lateral branches growing around it according to the plant diameter. Since the mother taro plant absorbs the main nutrients, the plant diameter is large, while the lateral branches are mostly newly sprouted growth parts, and the plant diameter is much smaller than that of the mother taro plant. Therefore, the image recognition probe can easily distinguish which lateral branches need to be removed.

[0076] After recognition, the image recognition probe selects the location of the lateral branch closest to the ground and transmits it to the controller. The controller starts the second motor 17, which adjusts the angle of the clamping assembly by driving the lifting plate 4 on the transmission shaft 16. When the clamps 7 of the clamping assembly are located on both sides of the lateral branch, the controller starts the first motor 15. The first motor 15 drives the lead screw 13 to rotate forward, which in turn causes the nut disc 12 and the piston 11 connected to the nut disc 12 to move in a pushing motion within the cylinder. The piston 11 pushes the rack 9 connected to the cylinder rod 10 to move in the direction of the lateral branch. At this time, the rack... The rack 9 slowly meshes with the toothed disc 8, and the toothed disc 8 drives the clamp 7 to retract towards the middle of the side branch to clamp the side branch. At the same time, the fertilizer in the fertilizer chamber falls into the hollow seat 6 through the telescopic tube 2. As the piston 11 pushes towards the rack 9, the air in the cylinder chamber near the rack 9 is compressed and enters the air supply pipe 14 into the hollow seat 6. The air entering the hollow seat 6 blows the fertilizer particles inside and sprinkles them from the outlet onto the soil outside. When the side branch is pulled out, there are holes in the soil. The blown fertilizer falls into the holes, which plays the role of supplementing the mother taro plant with fertilizer nutrients.

[0077] After clamp 7 grips the side branch, the controller restarts the second motor 17, which drives the lifting plate 4 on the drive shaft 16 to lift the clamping assembly. When the clamp 4 is lifted above the crushing box via the slide groove, the controller starts the first motor 15, which drives the lead screw 13 to rotate in the opposite direction. The rack 9 retracts into the drive box 3, which in turn drives the meshing gear plate 8 to rotate in the opposite direction. The clamp 7 is released, and the side branch falls vertically into the crushing box. After a certain number of side branches are removed, the controller turns on the third motor 21. The rotating rod 22 and the blade 23 crush the side branches. The side branch powder falls into the powder chamber 19 through the filter plate 25. Because the ground is uneven when the removal device is moving, the shaking caused by the wheels 18 will cause the powder to stick to the filter plate. The powder from the lateral branches on plate 25 continues to fall into the powder chamber 19, achieving a secondary sieving effect. The crushing and removal processes are carried out simultaneously. By the time the removal device returns to the composting area, the lateral branches in the mixing chamber 24 have also been basically crushed, greatly saving the time of manually collecting lateral branches and then mixing them. When taro lateral branches and tea bran are crushed together and used as fertilizer, nutrients can complement and accumulate, making the nutrient content of the compost richer and more comprehensive. This not only provides sufficient nutrients for taro plants but also improves soil structure and increases soil fertility. It not only returns the fertilizer nutrients to the mother taro plant, realizing the recycling of natural resources, but also avoids the problems of wasting resources and polluting the environment by treating lateral branches as agricultural waste.

[0078] I. Planting methods and benefits

[0079] 1. Experimental subjects

[0080] The treatment group followed the taro cultivation method and steps described in the example, while the control group used the existing common taro cultivation method.

[0081] 2. Experimental Results

[0082] Table 1 Comparison of Planting Revenue and Costs

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] (Note: Planting area is calculated based on 667m2; labor cost standard: 150 yuan / person / day; weed control film 0.8 meters, 200 meters per roll, 80 yuan; silver-gray mulch film 20 jin 2 si per roll 420m2, 112 yuan. Drip irrigation, specifications 0.2mm thick, 30cm hole spacing, 1000 meters long, double hole, 108 yuan. Pest bait insect catcher, 25 yuan / each. Taro purchase price: 5.0 yuan / kg.)

[0086] The above experimental results show that the taro cultivation method described in this invention not only increases taro yield, but also reduces labor costs through the pre-laid mulch and integrated water and fertilizer device, thereby achieving the goal of high-efficiency cultivation.

[0087] Taste test

[0088] 1. Experimental subjects

[0089] The treatment group consisted of taro cultivated according to the method used in the example, while the control group consisted of taro cultivated using existing methods.

[0090] 2. Experimental Results

[0091] Table 2 Comparison of Taste Quality Evaluation under Different Treatments

[0092]

[0093] (Note: The taste quality evaluation method is based on that of Yin Jianmei (2017). Yin Jianmei, Zhang Peitong, Wang Li, et al. Establishment and application of taste quality evaluation method for taro [J]. Yangtze Vegetables, 2017(24): 28-30.)

[0094] The above evaluation results on taste quality show that the taro produced by the taro cultivation method described in this invention has an improved taste. Due to the use of 0.02% dihydroporphyrin iron soluble powder diluted 2500 times, compared with the chemical inhibitors such as paclobutrazol used in existing cultivation methods, the overall taste of the corm is no longer too hard, resulting in a higher yield quality than existing cultivation methods, thereby achieving the goal of high efficiency.

[0095] Incidence Experiment

[0096] 1. Experimental subjects

[0097] The treatment group represents the incidence of pests and diseases treated using the cultivation methods described in the examples, while the control group represents the incidence of pests and diseases treated using existing cultivation methods with only pesticides.

[0098] 2. Experimental Results

[0099] Table 3 Comparison of incidence rates of taro blight under different treatments

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] (Note: The grading standards for taro blight are based on those of Zhou Qingping et al. (2012))

[0103] As can be seen from the above-mentioned taro disease incidence rate results of the integrated pest management method described in this invention, the incidence rate is lower than that of the existing simple pesticide spraying method, and the control effect is obvious. It not only increases the taro yield, but also achieves the goal of green cultivation through integrated pest management.

[0104] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0105] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics of the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A green and efficient taro cultivation method, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1, Pre-planting preparation: Select a deep and fertile plot of land that has not been planted with taro in the previous two crops. One week before planting, the land should be prepared by raking and leveling. The land can be prepared by planting in single ridges with double rows or single ridges with single rows. Apply fertilizer in the furrows and mix it with the soil. Step 2, Seed selection, sprouting and sowing: Select healthy taro seeds with no disease spots or wounds on the skin and intact, visible bud tips. Place the taro seeds in a cool, ventilated place to sprout naturally. Sow them on any sunny day between late February and late March. Before sowing, the taro seeds need to be disinfected and the surface moisture removed before sowing. When planting, make holes according to the spacing of mature plants, place the taro seeds horizontally in the holes with the bud tips facing outwards, cover with a thin layer of soil, and water thoroughly. Step 3, mulching to retain moisture: After the taro seedlings emerge, cover the soil around the taro seedlings with black weed-proof film; Step 4, Integrated Water and Fertilizer Management: After sowing, install integrated water and fertilizer facilities and drip irrigation. Use mainly organic fertilizer made from tea seed cake and chopped side branches, supplemented with bio-fertilizer. Apply a thick base fertilizer and frequent, light applications of fertilizer. Use the integrated water and fertilizer facilities for multiple top dressings. The application of water and fertilizer depends on the plant's growth stage. Based on the taro plant's growth status, the plant growth stage is divided into emergence, seedling, vegetative growth, vigorous growth, maturity, and harvesting stages. During the vegetative growth stage, when the plant has 6 leaves, apply 20-30 kg / 667 m² of water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer and spray the leaves with a 1000-fold diluted solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer. Apply a 10,000-fold dilution of 0.02% dihydroporphyrin iron soluble powder plant regulator. During the vigorous growth period, when the plant has 8 leaves, apply 20-30 kg / 667 m² of water-soluble 15-5-24 compound fertilizer, followed by drip application every 20-30 days for a total of 3 applications. During this period, amino acid foliar fertilizer and a 5,000-fold dilution of dihydroporphyrin iron soluble powder plant regulator can be sprayed along with the fertilizer. During the bulb enlargement period, the ridge surface needs to be kept moist, drip watering every 5-8 days. In hot weather, drip watering is required 1-2 times a day. If the field is convenient for irrigation, a water layer of 6-8 cm depth should be maintained in the furrow. Step 5, Plant Shaping Management: During the vegetative growth stage to the vigorous growth stage, use a pulling device to remove several lateral branches growing next to the mother taro plant. The removed plants are then collected and crushed by the pulling device and composted with tea bran for subsequent fertilization. During the vigorous growth stage, adjust the plant shape according to its growth, removing 2-3 old leaves from the lower part of the plant to maintain ventilation in the field. Apply fertilizer appropriately based on the plant's growth, increasing potassium fertilizer application. The pulling device includes a carriage and a drive box, which are fixedly connected. The drive box contains a lifting plate, a second motor, and a clamping assembly. One side of the lifting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive box near the carriage, and the other side is fixed to the clamping assembly. The second motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drive box. A drive shaft is rotatably connected to the lifting plate. The drive shaft passes vertically through the lifting plate and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor. A power chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lifting plate. A first motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the power chamber. A lead screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor. A cylinder is also provided in the power chamber. A piston is slidably connected in the cylinder. A nut plate is fixedly connected to one side of the piston. One end of the lead screw passes through the bottom of the cylinder and the piston. The nut plate is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The piston is slidably connected to the lead screw. A cylinder rod is fixedly connected to the side of the piston away from the lead screw. The cylinder rod passes through the power chamber and extends to the outside of the power chamber and is fixedly connected to the clamping assembly. The clamping assembly includes an L-shaped hollow seat, a rack, and several toothed discs. One end of the rack is fixedly connected to the cylinder rod, and the other end of the rack extends through the hollow seat to the outside of the drive box. The outer wall of one end of the hollow seat is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, and the other end of the hollow seat extends to the outside of the drive box and is slidably connected to the rack. The toothed discs are symmetrically arranged on the top of the hollow seat on the side outside the drive box. The toothed discs and the hollow seat are rotatably connected by a shaft, and the toothed discs are located on both sides of the rack and mesh with the rack. Each toothed disc is fixedly connected to a clamp. The inner wall of the clamp is provided with an anti-slip layer. An air inlet is opened at the L-shaped corner of the hollow seat, and an air outlet is opened on the side of the cylinder near the rack. An air supply pipe is connected between the air inlet and the air outlet. Several discharge ports are opened on the inner bottom wall of the hollow seat outside the drive box. The drive box has a groove for the lifting plate and clamps to lift. The carriage is horizontally equipped with a crushing box and several fertilizer boxes. The fertilizer boxes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the crushing box. Each fertilizer box is connected to a telescopic tube. A filter plate is fixedly connected inside the crushing box. The filter plate divides the crushing box into a mixing chamber and a powdering chamber from top to bottom. A motor chamber is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter plate. A third motor is installed in the motor chamber. A rotating rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor. The rotating rod passes through the motor chamber and the filter plate and extends into the mixing chamber. Several blades are fixedly connected to the rotating rod. An image recognition probe is installed on the top of the drive box. A controller is also installed inside the drive box. The controller is connected to the image recognition probe, the first motor, the second motor and the third motor. Step 6, Pest and Disease Control: Prevention is the main focus, combined with control. During fertilization, apply tea seed cake organic fertilizer to enhance the plant's disease resistance. Depending on the different taro pests and diseases, apply appropriate pesticides as the main control method, supplemented by biological and physical control methods. Step 7, Taro Harvest: The harvesting time for taro is from mid-November to late March of the following year. Select sunny days for harvesting. When harvesting, dig up the whole plant, remove the remaining leaves, fibrous roots and excess small taros, air dry the moisture and stack them orderly in a cool and ventilated place for storage, and do a good job in preventing rats; for the taro that has not been harvested, it is advisable to build a simple bamboo frame small arch shed or directly cover it with a film. At the same time, clean the field ditches to ensure that surface water can be drained, the field is dry after rain stops and there is no water accumulation in the ditches.

2. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In Step 1, when leveling the land and harrowing, the soil needs to be deeply plowed by 30 cm - 50 cm and exposed to the sun for 7 days - 10 days; the land is prepared for single-ridge double-row or single-ridge single-row planting. For single-ridge double-row, the ridge width is 1.0 m - 1.2 m and the ditch width is 0.6 m. For single-ridge single-row, the ridge width is 0.6 m - 0.7 m and the ditch width is 0.5 m - 0.6 m; the fertilizers applied in the ditch are 30 kg - 50 kg of tea bran per 667 m², 1000 kg - 1250 kg of decomposed farmyard manure or organic fertilizer per 667 m², 50 kg - 80 kg of 17-17-17 compound fertilizer per 667 m² and 25 kg - 40 kg of medium and trace element fertilizer per 667 m².

3. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In Step 2, the weight of the taro seeds used as small taros is 30 g - 50 g. When the germinated buds grow to 1 cm - 2 cm, they can be sown. The taro seeds are disinfected by soaking them in a 500-fold dilution of 20% thiodiazole copper wettable powder and a 500-fold dilution of 10% clothianidin seed treatment suspension for 30 minutes.

4. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In Step 2, when sowing, "checkerboard" holes are dug for planting. Holes are dug at a distance of 30 cm - 50 cm per plant, with a pit depth of 5 cm - 8 cm. 1800 - 2300 plants are planted per 667 m².

5. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In Step 3, the film covering situation depends on the planting situation. For example, if single-ridge double-row planting of taro is selected, black weed-proof films are respectively used to cover the two rows on the ridge and between the two ridges; for single-ridge single-row planting of taro, a black weed-proof film is covered between the two ridges. When covering the weed-proof film, it needs to be leveled and compacted, and fixed with special plastic film nails.

6. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: In Step 4, during the emergence period, no fertilization is required temporarily, and the soil moisture is kept dry; during the seedling period, when the taro seedlings survive until they grow 3 leaves and 1 heart, the fertilizers applied to the taro seedlings are 5 kg - 8 kg of water-soluble 15-15-15 compound fertilizer per 667 m², 3 kg - 5 kg of urea per 667 m², and 1 kg of water-soluble humic acid per 667 m². At this time, drip water every 5 - 8 days to keep the ridge surface moist.

7. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In Step 4, during the maturity period, depending on the growth of the plants at this stage, potassium fertilizer is additionally applied, and foliar fertilizer is sprayed 1 - 2 times. Drip water on the ridge surface every 2 - 3 days, or irrigate a shallow water layer of 1 cm - 3 cm in the ditch; during the harvesting period, the accumulated water in the ridge ditch needs to be drained completely to keep the ridge surface dry.

8. The green and efficient taro cultivation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In Step 6, the common diseases, pests and comprehensive control methods during the growth of taro are as follows: To prevent and control taro blight, it is important to note that rainy or hot and humid weather is conducive to the occurrence of this disease. Therefore, prevention and control should be carried out before the rainy season. Before the onset of the disease, spray with a 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% metalaxyl-mancozeb wettable powder or a 15000-2000 times diluted solution of 80% dimethomorph water-dispersible granules. Spray once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays. Each spray should be avoided on rainy days and during periods of high temperature. It is best to choose a cloudy day or the evening of a sunny day. The solution should be sprayed on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves and petioles. To control taro soft rot, which begins to occur from late May to early June, physical control methods include strengthening field management: treating the soil with insecticides before planting to prevent larvae from biting the mother taro; applying quicklime and deep plowing and sun-drying the field before planting; ensuring reasonable planting density; timely removal of old, diseased, and damaged leaves, as well as excess daughter taro; maintaining good ventilation in the field; and taking care not to damage the mother taro during agricultural operations to prevent pathogen infection. Chemical control should be carried out before the onset of the disease. A 300-500 times diluted solution of 20% thiabendazole copper suspension emulsion can be sprayed evenly on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves and petioles every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays. The prevention and control of taro wilt disease are as follows: physical control means to strengthen field management: diseased plants should be removed as soon as they are found, and the diseased plant debris in the field should be collected and burned; chemical control means to use 1 billion spores or Bacillus subtilis wettable powder diluted 50-60 times for root irrigation or hole application. To control taro anthracnose, chemical control involves spraying the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves, as well as the petioles, with a 500-1000 times diluted solution of 25% azoxystrobin suspension emulsion before the onset of the disease. Spray once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays. For the prevention and control of taro spot disease, physical control methods include removing diseased plants and keeping the field clean; chemical control methods include spraying the leaves, backs and petioles of the plant evenly with a 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder diluted 800-1000 times or a 50% iprodione wettable powder diluted 1000-1500 times, once every 7-10 days, for a total of 2 sprays. Common pests during taro growth include beet armyworm and mole cricket. For production safety, biological and physical control methods are selected: physical control involves manually killing insect eggs, pupae, or larvae; biological control utilizes the phototaxis and chemotaxis of insects, setting up insect-attracting lamps and pheromone traps around the field to kill adult insects; during the plant growth period, drip irrigation with 30 kg / 667 m² of tea seed cake soaked in water is used every 50 days or so to control underground pests.

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