A method for preparing a stacked plastic product constructed wetland filler

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of preparation methods of stacked plastic product constructed wetland filler, and technical solution points are as follows: including the following steps: recyclable plastic is processed into 300*300mm or 450*450mm plastic cavity body by 3D printing, pouring or pressing method.The lightweight plastic of the application is used instead of traditional heavy material as raw material, which reduces transportation and installation cost;The plastic cavity body has excellent processing performance and can be stacked and cut, making it easy to adjust and apply according to actual needs.The flexible shape and size setting of the filler can be effectively utilized in different wetland systems;The filler structure is similar to a sponge, but uses a stronger and more durable plastic material that will not collapse during use, has a long service life, and is not prone to aging or cracking, ensuring long-term stable performance;The large surface area of the plastic cavity body helps to form a microbial biofilm, enhancing the filtration capacity of pollutants in water.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wetland fillers, and in particular to a method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland fillers. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industry and agriculture, large amounts of wastewater are discharged into surface runoff, causing the water quality of lakes and rivers to gradually deteriorate, severely restricting the development of human society. Due to the large area and scattered distribution of surface water, most common wastewater treatment processes cannot be used to purify the water. Therefore, developing and researching in-situ ecological restoration processes for surface water has become an important research topic.

[0003] Constructed wetland wastewater treatment technology provides a feasible and practical means to improve water quality. A constructed wetland is a complex artificial ecosystem that simulates a natural wetland. It is composed of several filler materials (such as gravel, soil, sand, cinder, zeolite, limestone, etc.) in a certain proportion, selectively planted with vegetation, and microorganisms that grow in the constructed wetland substrate. Through the complex physical, chemical, and biological interactions among the substrate, plants, and microorganisms, constructed wetlands synergistically purify wastewater.

[0004] Chinese patent CN104229999B discloses a filler for artificial wetland water treatment and its preparation method. The filler is volcanic slag particles with a particle size of 5-15 mm, loaded with rare earth nitrogen and phosphorus adsorbents and slow-release oxygen materials.

[0005] The filler components of the above technical solutions are mainly traditional fillers such as volcanic slag and sand. Although they are low in cost, they still have some drawbacks: traditional fillers are not conducive to the formation of biofilm by microorganisms on their surface, thus reducing the sewage treatment effect; volcanic slag particles have an unsatisfactory filtration effect on pollutants in water and cannot provide a suitable environment for plant growth, thus limiting the role of plants in sewage treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland filler to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide the following solutions:

[0008] A method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland filler includes the following steps: processing recyclable plastic into plastic cavities of 300*300mm or 450*450mm by 3D printing, casting or pressing; the plastic cavity comprises the following components by weight: 120-150 parts of recyclable plastic, 30-40 parts of high-hydroxyl acrylic resin, 30-50 parts of low-hydroxyl acrylic resin, 10-20 parts of butyl acetate, 10-20 parts of aliphatic polyisocyanate, 20-30 parts of heat stabilizer, 14-30 parts of antioxidant, and 5-10 parts of wax powder.

[0009] Preferably, the specific steps for preparing plastic cavities from recyclable plastic using 3D printing are as follows:

[0010] (1) Preparation of spare granules: Recyclable plastics, high hydroxyl acrylic resins, low hydroxyl acrylic resins, butyl acetate, aliphatic polyisocyanates and other raw materials are processed by injection molding machine to prepare spare granules and store them.

[0011] (2) Drying treatment of particles: Before 3D printing, dry the spare particles under vacuum at 45℃ for 4 to 8 hours, and control the maximum moisture content to be less than 0.10%.

[0012] (3) 3D printing: Set the melting temperature to 176℃~180℃, and print the dried granules into plastic cavities using a 3D printer. The printing extrusion temperature is 10~20℃ higher than the melting point.

[0013] (4) Heat treatment: After 3D printing, the plastic cavity is placed in a temperature chamber at 50-60℃ for 40-50 minutes to stabilize the structural performance.

[0014] Preferably, the method of using artificial wetland filler is as follows: when using plastic cavities as artificial wetland filler, the plastic cavities are stacked and connected, and the porosity is controlled to be no less than 70%. The plastic cavities are filled with biological filter media, which are ecological ceramic granules with a particle size of 4-6mm. The ecological ceramic granules are made of clay and sintered clay, and the pore diameter is 0.5-1mm.

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of clay to ceramsite used for sintering the ecological ceramsite is 3:1.

[0016] Preferably, the plastic cavity is a cubic skeleton, with a post fixed on three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity, and slots for inserting the post are provided on the other three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity.

[0017] Preferably, the insert is a circular or rectangular post, and the slot is a circular or rectangular hole that mates with the circular or rectangular post.

[0018] Preferably, the ecological ceramic particles are filled with a biological treatment agent, which includes 15-30 parts of natural amino acids, 30-40 parts of beneficial bacteria compound solution, 15-20 parts of biological enzymes, 50-60 parts of starch, and a compound microbial community.

[0019] Preferably, the complex microbial community is a mixture of Bacillus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Gram-positive bacteria, and Pseudomonas.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention uses lightweight plastics instead of traditional heavy materials as raw materials, making the filler lighter and reducing transportation and installation costs. Using waste plastics as the base material effectively saves raw material costs and meets environmental protection requirements;

[0022] 2. The manufactured plastic cavity has excellent processing performance, can be stacked and cut, and can be easily adjusted and applied according to actual needs. Its flexible shape and size settings enable the filler to be effectively used in different wetland systems.

[0023] 3. The filler structure is similar to a sponge, but uses a stronger and more robust plastic material. This design prevents the filler from collapsing during use, resulting in a longer service life, resistance to aging or breakage, and ensuring long-term stable performance.

[0024] 4. The large surface area of ​​the plastic cavity helps the formation of microbial biofilm, enhances the filtration capacity of pollutants in the water, and provides a suitable environment for the healthy growth of plants, thereby improving the overall sewage treatment effect. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the artificial wetland filler material of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the stacked artificial wetland filler material of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the artificial wetland filler material after stacking according to the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Plastic cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] refer to Figures 1-3 A method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland filler includes the following steps: processing recyclable plastic into plastic cavities of 300*300mm or 450*450mm by 3D printing, casting or pressing; the plastic cavity comprises the following components by weight: 120 parts recyclable plastic, 40 parts high hydroxyl acrylic resin, 30 parts low hydroxyl acrylic resin, 10 parts butyl acetate, 20 parts aliphatic polyisocyanate, 20 parts heat stabilizer, 14 parts antioxidant, and 5 parts wax powder.

[0032] The materials used in the plastic cavity, including recyclable plastics, high-hydroxyl acrylic resins, low-hydroxyl acrylic resins, butyl acetate, and aliphatic polyisocyanates, are injection molded into spare granules and stored. These spare granules are then printed into plastic cavities using a 3D printer. Before 3D printing, the spare granules are dried under vacuum at 45°C for 4 hours, with the maximum moisture content controlled to be below 0.10%. During 3D printing, the melting temperature is set to 176°C, and the printing extrusion temperature is preferably 10°C higher than the melting point. After 3D printing, the plastic cavity is kept at 50°C for 40 minutes.

[0033] The plastic cavities are stacked and connected. When used as filler in artificial wetlands, the plastic cavities are stacked in the wetland pool, and the porosity is controlled to be no less than 70%. The plastic cavities are filled with biological filter media, which are ecological ceramsite with a particle size of 4mm. The ecological ceramsite is made of clay and sintered clay. The pore diameter of the biological filter media is 0.5mm.

[0034] The mass ratio of clay to sintering clay pellets is 3:1.

[0035] The plastic cavity is a cubic skeleton, with a post fixed on three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity, and slots for inserting the post are provided on the other three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity.

[0036] The insert is a circular or rectangular post, and the slot is a circular or rectangular hole that mates with the circular or rectangular post.

[0037] The ecological ceramsite is filled with a biological treatment agent, which includes 15 parts of natural amino acids, 40 parts of beneficial bacteria compound solution, 15 parts of biological enzymes, 50 parts of starch, and a compound microbial community.

[0038] The complex microbial community is a mixture of Bacillus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Gram-positive bacteria, and Pseudomonas.

[0039] In this embodiment, plastic is used as the production raw material instead of traditional materials such as crushed stone, making it lighter. The plastic cavity manufactured in this embodiment can be stacked and cut for easy use. The filler structure in this embodiment is similar to a sponge, but the material is not a sponge, but a stronger and harder plastic that does not collapse and is not easy to age and break. The new filler in this embodiment has a larger surface area, which is better for biofilm formation and filtering of pollutants in water, and is also more suitable for plant growth.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland filler includes the following steps: processing recyclable plastic into plastic cavities of 300*300mm or 450*450mm by 3D printing, casting or pressing; the plastic cavity comprises the following components by weight: 150 parts recyclable plastic, 30 parts high-hydroxyl acrylic resin, 36 parts low-hydroxyl acrylic resin, 15 parts butyl acetate, 15 parts aliphatic polyisocyanate, 20 parts heat stabilizer, 30 parts antioxidant, and 5 parts wax powder.

[0042] The materials used in the plastic cavity, including recyclable plastics, high-hydroxyl acrylic resins, low-hydroxyl acrylic resins, butyl acetate, and aliphatic polyisocyanates, are injection molded into spare granules and stored. These spare granules are then printed into plastic cavities using a 3D printer. Before 3D printing, the spare granules are dried under vacuum at 45°C for 8 hours, with the maximum moisture content controlled to be below 0.10%. During 3D printing, the melting temperature is set to 179°C, and the printing extrusion temperature is preferably 15°C higher than the melting point. After 3D printing, the plastic cavity is kept at 56°C for 45 minutes.

[0043] The plastic cavities are stacked and connected. When used as filler in artificial wetlands, the plastic cavities are stacked in the wetland pool, and the porosity is controlled to be no less than 70%. The plastic cavities are filled with biological filter media, which are ecological ceramsite with a particle size of 4-6mm. The ecological ceramsite is made of clay and sintered clay. The pore diameter of the biological filter media is 0.5mm.

[0044] The mass ratio of clay to sintering clay pellets is 3:1.

[0045] The plastic cavity is a cubic skeleton, with a post fixed on three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity, and slots for inserting the post are provided on the other three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity.

[0046] The insert is a circular or rectangular post, and the slot is a circular or rectangular hole that mates with the circular or rectangular post.

[0047] The ecological ceramsite is filled with a biological treatment agent, which includes 15 parts of natural amino acids, 40 parts of beneficial bacteria compound solution, 15 parts of biological enzymes, 50 parts of starch, and a compound microbial community.

[0048] The complex microbial community is a mixture of Bacillus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Gram-positive bacteria, and Pseudomonas.

[0049] In this embodiment, plastic is used as the production raw material instead of traditional materials such as crushed stone, making it lighter. The plastic cavity manufactured in this embodiment can be stacked and cut for easy use. The filler structure in this embodiment is similar to a sponge, but the material is not a sponge, but a stronger and harder plastic that does not collapse and is not easy to age and break. The new filler in this embodiment has a larger surface area, which is better for biofilm formation and filtering of pollutants in water, and is also more suitable for plant growth.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] A method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland filler includes the following steps: processing recyclable plastic into plastic cavities of 300*300mm or 450*450mm by 3D printing, casting or pressing; the plastic cavity comprises the following components by weight: 128 parts recyclable plastic, 36 parts high hydroxyl acrylic resin, 40 parts low hydroxyl acrylic resin, 15 parts butyl acetate, 15 parts aliphatic polyisocyanate, 24 parts heat stabilizer, 20 parts antioxidant, and 8 parts wax powder.

[0052] The materials used in the plastic cavity, including recyclable plastics, high-hydroxyl acrylic resins, low-hydroxyl acrylic resins, butyl acetate, and aliphatic polyisocyanates, are injection molded into spare granules and stored. These spare granules are then printed into plastic cavities using a 3D printer. Before 3D printing, the spare granules are dried under vacuum at 45°C for 7 hours, with the maximum moisture content controlled to be below 0.10%. During 3D printing, the melting temperature is set to 176°C, and the printing extrusion temperature is preferably 10°C higher than the melting point. After 3D printing, the plastic cavity is kept at 60°C for 50 minutes.

[0053] The plastic cavities are stacked and connected. When used as filler in artificial wetlands, the plastic cavities are stacked in the wetland pool, and the porosity is controlled to be no less than 70%. The plastic cavities are filled with biological filter media, which are ecological ceramsite with a particle size of 6mm. The ecological ceramsite is made of clay and sintered clay. The pore diameter of the biological filter media is 0.5mm.

[0054] The mass ratio of clay to sintering clay pellets is 3:1.

[0055] The plastic cavity is a cubic skeleton, with a post fixed on three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity, and slots for inserting the post are provided on the other three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity.

[0056] The insert is a circular or rectangular post, and the slot is a circular or rectangular hole that mates with the circular or rectangular post.

[0057] The ecological ceramsite is filled with a biological treatment agent, which includes 15 parts of natural amino acids, 40 parts of beneficial bacteria compound solution, 15 parts of biological enzymes, 50 parts of starch, and a compound microbial community.

[0058] The complex microbial community is a mixture of Bacillus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Gram-positive bacteria, and Pseudomonas.

[0059] In this embodiment, plastic is used as the production raw material instead of traditional materials such as crushed stone, making it lighter. The plastic cavity manufactured in this embodiment can be stacked and cut for easy use. The filler structure in this embodiment is similar to a sponge, but the material is not a sponge, but a stronger and harder plastic that does not collapse and is not easy to age and break. The new filler in this embodiment has a larger surface area, which is better for biofilm formation and filtering of pollutants in water, and is also more suitable for plant growth.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] A method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland filler includes the following steps: processing recyclable plastic into plastic cavities of 300*300mm or 450*450mm by 3D printing, casting or pressing; the plastic cavity comprises the following components by weight: 130 parts recyclable plastic, 35 parts high hydroxyl acrylic resin, 40 parts low hydroxyl acrylic resin, 14 parts butyl acetate, 16 parts aliphatic polyisocyanate, 25 parts heat stabilizer, 20 parts antioxidant, and 8 parts wax powder.

[0062] The materials used in the plastic cavity, including recyclable plastics, high-hydroxyl acrylic resins, low-hydroxyl acrylic resins, butyl acetate, and aliphatic polyisocyanates, are injection molded into spare granules and stored. These spare granules are then printed into plastic cavities using a 3D printer. Before 3D printing, the spare granules are dried under vacuum at 45°C for 7 hours, with the maximum moisture content controlled to be below 0.10%. During 3D printing, the melting temperature is set to 179°C, and the printing extrusion temperature is preferably 18°C ​​higher than the melting point. After 3D printing, the plastic cavity is kept at 58°C in an oven for 47 minutes.

[0063] The plastic cavities are stacked and connected. When used as filler in artificial wetlands, the plastic cavities are stacked in the wetland pool, and the porosity is controlled to be no less than 70%. The plastic cavities are filled with biological filter media, which are ecological ceramsite with a particle size of 6mm. The ecological ceramsite is made of clay and sintered clay. The pore diameter of the biological filter media is 0.5mm.

[0064] The mass ratio of clay to sintering clay pellets is 3:1.

[0065] The plastic cavity is a cubic skeleton, with a post fixed on three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity, and slots for inserting the post are provided on the other three adjacent faces of the plastic cavity.

[0066] The insert is a circular or rectangular post, and the slot is a circular or rectangular hole that mates with the circular or rectangular post.

[0067] The ecological ceramsite is filled with a biological treatment agent, which includes 15 parts of natural amino acids, 40 parts of beneficial bacteria compound solution, 15 parts of biological enzymes, 50 parts of starch, and a compound microbial community.

[0068] The complex microbial community is a mixture of Bacillus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Gram-positive bacteria, and Pseudomonas.

[0069] In this embodiment, plastic is used as the production raw material instead of traditional materials such as crushed stone, making it lighter. The plastic cavity manufactured in this embodiment can be stacked and cut for easy use. The filler structure in this embodiment is similar to a sponge, but the material is not a sponge, but a stronger and harder plastic that does not collapse and is not easy to age and break. The new filler in this embodiment has a larger surface area, which is better for biofilm formation and filtering of pollutants in water, and is also more suitable for plant growth.

[0070] To verify the superiority of this invention, experiments were conducted using conventional polypropylene plastic and the plastic cavity manufactured according to this invention. The experimental results were expressed as a percentage of polypropylene plastic, yielding the following data:

[0071] strength toughness thermal stability Manufacturing costs Comparison documents 100％ 100％ 100％ 100％ Example 1 132％ 125％ 128％ 85％ Example 2 127％ 131％ 129％ 82％ Example 3 123％ 122％ 121％ 83％ Example 4 129％ 127％ 132％ 81％

[0072] As can be seen from the table above, the experimental results of Examples 1-4 of the present invention are all superior to those of the prior art; compared with traditional polypropylene plastics, the present invention has better strength, toughness, thermal stability and manufacturing cost.

[0073] In addition, to verify the lifespan of the invention under artificial humidity conditions, the following experiments were conducted, and the results are shown in the following table:

[0074] Experiments were conducted using a traditional polypropylene plastic frame and a plastic cavity manufactured according to this invention. The experimental results were expressed as a percentage of polypropylene plastic, yielding the following data:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] As can be seen from the table above, the experimental results of Examples 1-4 of the present invention are all superior to those of the comparative documents; compared with traditional polypropylene plastic, the present invention has a shorter assembly time, a longer service life after soaking in water, and a more outstanding water purification ability.

[0078] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland filler, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of spare granules: The raw materials comprising the following components by weight: 120-150 parts of recyclable plastic, 30-40 parts of high hydroxyl acrylic resin, 30-50 parts of low hydroxyl acrylic resin, 10-20 parts of butyl acetate, 10-20 parts of aliphatic polyisocyanate, 20-30 parts of heat stabilizer, 14-30 parts of antioxidant, and 5-10 parts of wax powder are processed by injection molding machine to prepare spare granules and store them. (2) Drying treatment of particles: Before 3D printing, the spare particles are dried under vacuum at 45℃ for 4-8 hours, and the maximum moisture content is controlled to be less than 0.10%; (3) 3D printing: Set the melting temperature to 176℃~180℃, and print the dried particles into plastic cavities of 300*300mm or 450*450mm using a 3D printer. The printing extrusion temperature is 10~20℃ higher than the melting point. (4) Heat treatment: After 3D printing, the plastic cavity is placed in a temperature chamber at 50-60℃ for 40-50 minutes to stabilize the structural performance; The plastic cavity is a cubic skeleton, with a post fixed on three adjacent faces and a slot for engaging the post on the other three adjacent faces.

2. The method for preparing a stacked plastic artificial wetland filler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application method of the artificial wetland filler is as follows: when using the plastic cavity body as an artificial wetland filler, the plastic cavity body is stacked and placed in the wetland pool, and the porosity is controlled to be no less than 70%; the plastic cavity body is filled with biological filter material, which is ecological ceramic granules with a particle size of 4-6mm. The ecological ceramic granules are made of clay and clay sintered together, and the pore diameter is 0.5-1mm.

3. The method for preparing a stacked plastic artificial wetland filler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of clay to ceramsite used for sintering the ecological ceramsite is 3:

1.

4. The method for preparing a stacked plastic artificial wetland filler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insert is a circular or rectangular post, and the slot is a circular or rectangular hole that mates with the circular or rectangular post.

5. A method for preparing stacked plastic artificial wetland filler according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The ecological ceramic granules are filled with biological treatment agents, which include 15-30 parts of natural amino acids, 30-40 parts of beneficial bacteria compound solution, 15-20 parts of biological enzymes, 50-60 parts of starch, and compound microbial groups.

6. The method for preparing a stacked plastic artificial wetland filler according to claim 5, characterized in that, The complex microbial community is a mixture of Bacillus, Alcaligenes faecalis, Gram-positive bacteria, and Pseudomonas.

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