Method for straightening an aluminium alloy floor beam profile for aircraft

Abstract

The application discloses a straightening method of an aluminum alloy floor beam profile for aviation, and belongs to the technical field of floor beam profile straightening, and is used for straightening the aluminum alloy floor beam profile for aviation. The method comprises the following steps: hoisting the floor beam profile to a roller conveying line, installing special roller pieces on a shaper, adjusting the height of supporting rollers, and tightening fixing bolts after the installation position is qualified; the floor beam profile is roller-shaped and straightened; after the roller-shaped straightening of the floor beam profile, solid solution treatment is performed by using a horizontal quenching furnace, and immediately quenching treatment is performed; the floor beam profile is stretched and straightened; the straightened floor beam profile is placed into an aging furnace for primary aging, then is heated for secondary aging, and finally is air-cooled to room temperature; the planar gap and the longitudinal side bending gap of the floor beam profile are measured; and the straightened floor beam profile is sawn to obtain a straightened profile. Compared with the prior art, the planar gap and the side bending degree of the floor beam profile are reduced, the specified deviation of the outer shape contour of the super-long profile is achieved, and the qualified rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention discloses a method for straightening aluminum alloy floor beam profiles for aviation applications, belonging to the field of floor beam profile straightening technology. Background Technology

[0002] The application of aluminum alloys in the aerospace field is mainly concentrated in aircraft structural components, such as skin, frames, propellers, fuel tanks, bulkheads, and landing gear struts. These parts require materials with high strength, high toughness, good fatigue resistance, and ductility. Commonly used aluminum alloy series in the aerospace industry include the 2xxx series (such as 2024, 2026, etc.) and the 7xxx series (such as 7075, 7055, etc.). Floor beam profiles used in aircraft structural components have extremely high requirements for straightness. Tensile straightening methods are typically used to improve the straightness of the profiles to ensure the quality, performance, and safety of the final product. Roller straightening and tensile straightening achieve straightening by applying a tensile force exceeding the yield point to the profile, causing slight plastic deformation. These methods are suitable for certain types of alloys and profiles of specific shapes.

[0003] Aircraft floor beams have a complex structure. Originally, they were produced by directly machining medium-thick plates manufactured through rolling. However, floor beams made from sheet metal required a significant amount of machining time and generated a large amount of waste during production, resulting in low material utilization. By changing the production method of floor beams to extrusion, it is possible to produce profiles with complex shapes that cannot be produced by conventional rolling methods. This provides greater flexibility in product shape and size, and significantly improves material utilization.

[0004] Due to issues such as the alignment of extrusion equipment and ingots, control of extrusion temperature and speed, cooling systems, uneven material heating, die design, and asymmetrical profile cross-sectional dimensions, aluminum profiles may exhibit defects such as twisting, bending, and waviness after extrusion through the die orifice, requiring timely correction. For small-scale production or profiles with special shapes, hand tools such as hammers and pry bars are sometimes used for straightening. However, aerospace floor beams, made of 7075 alloy, have high requirements for strength and straightness, making manual straightening impossible and necessitating the use of specialized straightening equipment. Patent 1 (Patent Publication No.: CN117161146A) discloses a roller straightening process for improving the shape and dimensions of 7150 aluminum alloy profiles used in aerospace applications. This process uses multiple rollers arranged at a certain arc to gradually correct the material's curvature. As the material passes through these rollers, repeated bending eliminates the original unevenness of the metal's curvature, thus achieving straightness. However, for certain specific shape defects, such as longitudinal bending, transverse bending, edge waviness, and center waviness, roller straightening may not be able to completely correct them. Furthermore, the straightening capability of the roller straightener is limited by its mechanical structure and adjustment range, which may cause scratches or indentations on the material surface. This damage can be problematic, especially when processing materials with high surface quality requirements. Patent 2 (Patent Publication No.: CN114713664A) discloses an aluminum profile straightening device and straightening method, which uses a press or similar equipment to apply pressure to the material to correct its bending or twisting. The operation process of pressure straightening is more complicated and requires experienced operators to control the pressure and position during the straightening process to ensure the straightening effect. Due to its complexity, the efficiency of pressure straightening is relatively low, which may become a bottleneck in large-scale production. If the operation is not done properly during the straightening process, it may cause new defects such as bending, twisting, biting or straightening marks on the profile.

[0005] Due to the high strength, large size, and thinness of floor beam profiles, and the stringent requirements for controlling the planar gaps and dimensional dimensions, conventional straightening techniques are insufficient. A combination of roller straightening and tension straightening is employed for the initial straightening of floor beam profiles, while the tension straightening machine is used for subsequent fine straightening. Roller straightening applies pressure to the profile cross-section using several rollers, causing areas that do not conform to the dimensional dimensions to bend backwards, thus eliminating curvature on the profile cross-section. However, roller straightening cannot eliminate the overall lateral bending generated during extrusion; therefore, tension straightening is required after roller straightening to adjust for this lateral bending. Specifically, in tension straightening, a longitudinal tensile force is first applied to the workpiece. When this force exceeds the material's yield strength, the material undergoes plastic elongation. By applying a uniform tensile force, existing shape defects can be corrected. Stretch straightening can improve lateral bending, thereby significantly improving the straightness of profiles. It also reduces profile anisotropy and surface scratches during the straightening process. Compared with traditional straightening methods, stretch straightening machines apply less tension to profiles, reducing the risk of breakage during straightening. Therefore, the straightening technology combining roller straightening and stretch straightening is of great significance for improving profile planar clearance and controlling dimensional and positional dimensions. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a straightening method for aluminum alloy floor beam profiles used in aviation, in order to solve the problems in the prior art where the floor beam profiles have large planar gaps and lateral bending, and the shape profiles exceed the specified deviations, resulting in a low pass rate for the floor beam profiles.

[0007] A method for straightening aluminum alloy floor beam profiles for aviation applications, comprising: S1. Hoist the floor beam profile to the roller conveyor line, and install the pressure roller on the forming machine. The forming machine includes forming rollers and support rollers. The forming rollers include an upper forming roller, a lower forming roller A and a lower forming roller B. The support rollers include an upper support roller, a lower support roller and a positioning support roller. The shaping roller is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The upper support roller and the upper shaping roller are perpendicular and work together. The lower support roller, the lower shaping roller A, and the lower shaping roller B are perpendicular and work together. There are four pressing rollers, which are fixed by four vertically set positioning support rollers. The floor beam profile includes three grooves in sequence, wherein the first groove and the third groove are downward in the same direction, the second groove is in the opposite direction to the first groove, and each side of the first groove and the third groove is provided with an extension. Each extension is provided with a corresponding horizontal short surface and a horizontal long surface, and each end of each extension is provided with a pressing roller. S2. Adjust the height of the support rollers. After the installation position is qualified, tighten the fixing bolts. Place the front side of the extruded floor beam profile on the roller conveyor line and perform roller straightening. After the front side is roller straightened, rotate the profile horizontally 180° and adjust the position of the straightening roller and the height of the support roller of the straightening machine to perform roller straightening on the back side of the floor beam profile. S3. After the floor beam profile is straightened by roller, it is subjected to solution treatment in a horizontal quenching furnace, and the floor beam profile after solution treatment is immediately quenched. The quenching completion time m1 is recorded. S4. Place the quenched floor beam profile on the conveyor roller of the tension straightening machine, clamp and fix both ends of the floor beam profile, perform tension straightening, record the tension force unloading time as m2, and calculate the time m3 for controlling the straightening process of the profile. S5. After unloading the floor beam profile from the stretching and straightening machine, place the straightened floor beam profile into an aging furnace for heat preservation. The heat preservation temperature is between 115℃ and 122℃, and the heat preservation time is between 3 hours and 6 hours. Then, the temperature is increased to between 170℃ and 180℃, and the heat preservation time after the temperature increase is between 10 hours and 20 hours. Finally, air cool to room temperature. S6. Start the crane to transport the aged floor beam profiles to the testing platform and place them flat. Measure the planar gap and longitudinal lateral bending gap of the floor beam profiles. S7. Sawing the straightened floor beam profile, cutting off the part of the floor beam profile that comes into contact with the tension straightener clamps A and B, and obtaining the straightened profile.

[0008] S1 includes adjusting the distance between the upper and lower support rollers according to the curvature of the floor beam cross section before roller straightening, controlling the amount of pressure of roller straightening, and adjusting the position of the pressure roller.

[0009] S2 includes: The three groove surfaces of the first groove, the second groove, and the third groove are denoted as B, E, and C, respectively. The extension on the side of the first groove is denoted as D, the extension on the side of the third groove is denoted as F, and the end point of the floor beam profile on the side of the first groove is denoted as A. S2.1. Place the floor beam profile face up on the roller conveyor line of the forming machine. After the floor beam profile passes through the forming machine for the first time, the floor beam profile is straightened by rollers. The upper forming roller contacts the second groove, and the lower forming roller contacts D and F. The pressing height is between 13mm and 19mm to adjust the overall plane gap of the floor beam profile. S2.2. Adjust the position of the shaping roller of the shaping machine, and at the same time rotate the floor beam profile horizontally by 180°. Perform secondary roller straightening on the first groove of the floor beam profile. Use the upper shaping roller to contact the first groove, use the lower shaping roller to contact B and C, and use the pressing roller to contact the horizontal short surface of the extension. The pressing height is between 6mm and 12mm. S2.3. Continue to adjust the position of the shaping rollers of the shaping machine, and perform three roller straightenings on the third groove of the floor beam profile. Use the upper shaping roller to contact the third groove, use the lower shaping roller to contact B and C, and use the pressing roller to contact the horizontal short surface of the extension. The pressing height is between 6mm and 12mm.

[0010] S3 includes: S3.1. Place the roller-straightened floor beam profile into a horizontal quenching furnace for heat preservation. The heat preservation temperature is between 473℃ and 478℃, and the heat preservation time is between 100 minutes and 200 minutes. S3.2. After the floor beam profile is insulated, the solution-treated floor beam profile is conveyed into the spray chamber for quenching and cooling using a conveyor motor. The quenching conveyor speed is between 150 mm / s and 300 mm / s, and the spray water temperature is between 20℃ and 30℃.

[0011] S4 includes: S4.1. Lift the floor beam profile with soft slings and use a crane to smoothly transport the floor beam profile into the center position of the straightening equipment. The straightening equipment is an 850T tension straightening machine. Position the floor beam profile on the conveyor rollers. After clamping and fixing the two ends of the floor beam profile with the tension straightening machine chuck A and tension straightening machine chuck B, apply a clamping force of 100 tons to fix and tighten the two ends of the floor beam profile. S4.2. The tension straightener clamps A and B apply tension force simultaneously, so that the deformation of the floor beam profile is between 1.6% and 2.2%, thereby stretching and straightening the floor beam profile.

[0012] S4 includes the time (m3) for controlling the straightening process of the profile: m3 = m2 - m1; m3 < 3 hours.

[0013] S6 includes, S6.1. Placing the aged floor beam profile on the horizontal surface of the testing platform to stabilize the self-weight of the floor beam profile.

[0014] S6 includes, S6.2. Attaching the end of the longitudinal lateral bending detection position of the floor beam profile to the side facade of the detection platform, and using a feeler gauge and tapered ruler to measure the longitudinal lateral bending gap of the floor beam profile, that is, measuring the gap between position A of the floor beam profile and the side facade of the detection platform every 1500mm, and recording it as h1.

[0015] S6 includes S6.3. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap on the front of the floor beam profile, that is, measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at position B and position C and the ruler every 1500mm, and record them as h2 and h3 respectively.

[0016] S6 includes S6.4. Rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180° and place it on the horizontal surface of the testing platform. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap on the back of the floor beam profile. That is, measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at position D, position E and position F every 1500mm and the ruler, and record them as h4, h5 and h6 respectively.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: it achieves more efficient and precise straightening; the forming machine can quickly and roughly straighten the material, eliminating most of the bending and shape defects; the tension straightening machine can further correct the material's curvature and dimensional deviations by applying tension; it reduces material loss caused by over-straightening; the combined use of the forming machine and the tension straightening machine allows for more precise control of the straightening force and effect, thus protecting the material from over-processing; it can reduce the internal stress generated in the material during extrusion deformation and roller straightening, preventing the subsequent tension-straightened profile from breaking; at the same time, the hardness and strength of the material are significantly improved after solution treatment, while maintaining good plasticity, providing a good foundation for subsequent processing and aging treatment; and it eliminates the need for heat treatment of the profile during tension straightening, reducing the performance impact of tension straightening on aging strengthening. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the straightening of the floor beam profile of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the floor beam profile of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the second groove on the front of the floor beam profile and the shaping roller in one roller straightening process according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the first groove on the reverse side of the floor beam profile and the secondary roller straightening process of the shaping roller in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the third groove on the reverse side of the floor beam profile and the three-stage roller straightening process of the shaping roller in this invention; Figure 6 This is a side view of the floor beam profile and the shaping roller of the present invention during the roller straightening process; Figure 7 This is a side view of the floor beam profile and tension straightening device of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of measuring the longitudinal lateral bending gap and planar gap of the floor beam profile of the present invention on a testing platform; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of measuring the planar gap on the reverse side of the floor beam profile of the present invention on the testing platform; In the diagram, 1-floor beam profile, 201-upper forming roller, 202-upper support roller, 301-lower forming roller A, 302-lower forming roller B, 303-lower support roller, 401-pressure roller A, 402-positioning support roller A, 403-pressure roller B, 404-positioning support roller B, 405-pressure roller C, 406-positioning support roller C, 5-forming machine, 501-moving base, 502-through hole, 503-frame, 601-transmission... 6-Conveyor motor, 7-Roller conveyor box, 701-Conveyor roller conveyor, 801-Stretch straightener chuck A, 802-Stretch straightener chuck B, 901-Side elevation of inspection platform, 902-Horizontal surface of inspection platform, 10-Right ruler, h1-Longitudinal side bending clearance at position A, h2-Plane clearance at position B, h3-Plane clearance at position C, h4-Plane clearance at position D, h5-Plane clearance at position E, h6-Plane clearance at position F. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] A method for straightening aluminum alloy floor beam profiles for aviation applications includes: S1. The floor beam profile 1 is hoisted onto the roller conveyor line, and the pressing roller is installed on the forming machine 5. The forming machine 5 includes forming rollers and support rollers. The forming rollers include upper forming roller 201, lower forming roller A301 and lower forming roller B302. The support rollers include upper support roller 202, lower support roller 303 and positioning support roller. The shaping roller is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The upper support roller 202 and the upper shaping roller 201 are perpendicular and work together. The lower support roller 303, the lower shaping roller A301, and the lower shaping roller B302 are perpendicular and work together. There are four pressing rollers, which are fixed by four vertically arranged positioning support rollers. The floor beam profile 1 includes three grooves in sequence, wherein the first groove and the third groove are downward in the same direction, the second groove is in the opposite direction to the first groove, and each side of the first groove and the third groove is provided with an extension, each extension is provided with a corresponding horizontal long surface and a horizontal short surface, and each end of each extension is provided with a pressing roller. S2. Adjust the height of the support rollers. After the installation position is qualified, tighten the fixing bolts. Place the front side of the extruded floor beam profile 1 on the roller conveyor line and perform roller straightening. After the front side is roller straightened, flip the profile horizontally 180° and adjust the position of the straightening roller and the height of the support roller of the straightening machine 5 to perform roller straightening on the back side of the floor beam profile 1. S3. After the floor beam profile 1 is straightened by roller, it is subjected to solution treatment in a horizontal quenching furnace, and the floor beam profile 1 after solution treatment is immediately quenched. The quenching completion time m1 is recorded. S4. Place the quenched floor beam profile 1 on the conveyor roller of the tension straightening machine, clamp and fix both ends of the floor beam profile 1, perform tension straightening, record the tension force unloading time as m2, and calculate the time m3 for controlling the straightening process of the profile. S5. After unloading the floor beam profile 1 from the tension straightening machine, place the straightened floor beam profile 1 into an aging furnace for heat preservation. The heat preservation temperature is between 115℃ and 122℃, and the heat preservation time is between 3 hours and 6 hours. Then, the temperature is increased to between 170℃ and 180℃, and the heat preservation time after the temperature increase is between 10 hours and 20 hours. Finally, the material is air-cooled to room temperature. S6. Start the crane to transport the aged floor beam profile 1 to the testing platform and place it flat. Measure the plane gap and longitudinal lateral bending gap of the floor beam profile 1. S7. Sawing is performed on the straightened floor beam profile 1. The portion of the floor beam profile 1 that comes into contact with the tension straightener clamps A801 ​​and B802 is cut off and scrapped to obtain the straightened profile.

[0021] S1 includes adjusting the distance between the upper and lower support rollers 303 according to the curvature of the floor beam cross section before roller straightening, controlling the amount of pressure of roller straightening, and adjusting the position of the pressing roller.

[0022] S2 includes: The three groove surfaces of the first groove, the second groove, and the third groove are respectively designated as B, E, and C. The extension on the side of the first groove is designated as D, the extension on the side of the third groove is designated as F, and the end point of the floor beam profile 1 on the side of the first groove is designated as A. S2.1. Place the floor beam profile 1 face up on the roller conveyor line of the forming machine 5. After the floor beam profile 1 passes through the forming machine 5 for the first time, perform a roller straightening of the second groove of the floor beam profile 1. Use the upper forming roller 201 to contact the second groove, and use the lower forming roller to contact D and F. The pressing height is between 13mm and 19mm to adjust the overall plane gap of the floor beam profile 1. S2.2. Adjust the position of the shaping roller of the shaping machine 5, and at the same time rotate the floor beam profile 1 horizontally by 180° to perform secondary roller straightening on the first groove of the floor beam profile 1. Use the upper shaping roller 201 to contact the first groove, use the lower shaping roller to contact B and C, and use the pressing roller to contact the horizontal short surface of the extension. The pressing height is between 6mm and 12mm. S2.3. Continue to adjust the position of the shaping roller of the shaping machine 5, and perform three roller straightenings on the third groove of the floor beam profile 1. Use the upper shaping roller 201 to contact the third groove, use the lower shaping roller to contact B and C, and use the pressing roller to contact the horizontal short surface of the extension. The pressing height is between 6mm and 12mm.

[0023] S3 includes: S3.1. Place the roller-straightened floor beam profile 1 into a horizontal quenching furnace for heat preservation. The heat preservation temperature is between 473℃ and 478℃, and the heat preservation time is between 100 minutes and 200 minutes. S3.2. After the floor beam profile 1 is insulated, the solution-treated floor beam profile 1 is conveyed into the spray chamber for quenching and cooling using a conveyor motor. The quenching conveyor speed is between 150 mm / s and 300 mm / s, and the spray water temperature is between 20℃ and 30℃.

[0024] S4 includes: S4.1. Lift the floor beam profile 1 with a soft sling and use a crane to smoothly lift the floor beam profile 1 into the center position of the straightening equipment. The straightening equipment is an 850T tension straightening machine. Position the floor beam profile 1 on the conveyor roller. After clamping and fixing the two ends of the floor beam profile 1 with the tension straightening machine chucks A801 ​​and B802, apply a clamping force of 100 tons to fix and clamp the two ends of the floor beam profile 1. S4.2. The tension straightener chucks A801 ​​and B802 simultaneously apply tensile force, so that the deformation of the floor beam profile 1 is between 1.6% and 2.2%, thereby stretching and straightening the floor beam profile 1.

[0025] S4 includes the time (m3) for controlling the straightening process of the profile: m3 = m2 - m1; m3 < 3 hours.

[0026] S6 includes, S6.1. Placing the aged floor beam profile 1 on the horizontal surface of the testing platform to stabilize the self-weight of the floor beam profile 1.

[0027] S6 includes, S6.2. Attaching the end of the longitudinal lateral bending detection position of the floor beam profile 1 to the side facade of the detection platform, and using a feeler gauge and tapered ruler to measure the longitudinal lateral bending gap of the floor beam profile 1, that is, measuring the gap between the floor beam profile A position and the side facade of the detection platform every 1500mm, and recording it as h1.

[0028] S6 includes, S6.3. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile 1 reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap on the front of the floor beam profile 1, that is, measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile 1B position and the floor beam profile 1C position and the ruler every 1500mm, and record them as h2 and h3 respectively.

[0029] S6 includes S6.4. Rotate the floor beam profile 1 horizontally 180° and place it on the horizontal surface of the testing platform. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile 1 reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap on the reverse side of the floor beam profile 1. That is, measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile 1D position, floor beam profile 1E position and floor beam profile 1F position and the ruler every 1500mm, and record them as h4, h5 and h6 respectively.

[0030] In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, a method for straightening an aluminum alloy floor beam profile for aviation applications comprises the following specific steps: S1. Preparation: Hoist the floor beam profile 1 onto the roller conveyor line 6, install the special rollers for the floor beam profile on the forming machine, and adjust the height of the upper support roller 202, lower support roller 303, positioning support roller A402, positioning support roller B404 and positioning support roller C406. After the installation position is qualified, tighten the fixing bolts so that the floor beam profile 1 can pass smoothly in the subsequent roller straightening process.

[0031] S2. Roller Straightening: Place the extruded floor beam profile 1 face side on the roller conveyor line 6, and perform roller straightening on the face side of the floor beam profile. After roller straightening, rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180°, and adjust the position of the forming roller and the height of the support roller of the forming machine to perform roller straightening on the reverse side of the floor beam profile. The specific steps are as follows: S2.1. Place the floor beam profile face up on the roller conveyor line 6 of the forming machine. After the floor beam profile passes through the forming machine for the first time, perform a roller straightening on the second groove of the floor beam profile. The pressing height is 15mm, and the overall plane gap of the floor beam profile is adjusted. S2.2. Adjust the position of the shaping roller of the shaping machine, and at the same time rotate the floor beam profile horizontally by 180° to perform secondary roller straightening on the first groove of the floor beam profile, with a pressing height of 10mm; S2.3. Continue to adjust the position of the shaping rollers of the shaping machine, and perform three roller straightenings on the third groove of the floor beam profile, with a pressing height of 10mm.

[0032] S3. Solution quenching: The floor beam profile 1, after solution treatment, is immediately subjected to quenching treatment. The quenching completion time m1 is recorded. The specific steps are as follows: S3.1. Place the roller-straightened floor beam profile into a horizontal quenching furnace at a temperature of 475℃, and hold it at that temperature for 150 minutes after the floor beam profile reaches the set temperature. S3.2. After the floor beam profile is insulated, the solution-treated floor beam profile is conveyed into the spray chamber for quenching and cooling using a conveyor motor. The quenching conveying speed of the floor beam profile is 180 mm / s, and the spray water temperature is 25℃.

[0033] S4. Straightening of Floor Beam Profiles: Place the quenched floor beam profiles on the conveyor rollers 701 of the tension straightening machine, clamp and fix both ends of the floor beam profiles, and perform tension straightening. Record the unloading time of the tension force as m2. Control the straightening process time as m3 = m2 - m1 = 2.5h. The specific steps are as follows: S4.1. Lift the floor beam profile with soft slings and use a crane to smoothly transport the floor beam profile into the center position of the straightening equipment (850T tension straightening machine), so that the floor beam profile is on the conveyor roller 701. After clamping and fixing the two ends of the floor beam profile with the tension straightening machine chuck A801 ​​and tension straightening machine chuck B802, apply a clamping force of 100 tons to fix and clamp the two ends of the floor beam profile. S4.2. The tension leveler chucks A801 ​​and B802 simultaneously apply a certain tensile force to make the deformation of the floor beam profile reach 1.8%, thereby stretching and straightening the floor beam profile.

[0034] S5. Artificial aging: After unloading the floor beam profile 1 from the tension straightening machine, the straightened floor beam profile is placed in an aging furnace, kept at 119℃ for 5 hours, then heated to 175℃ and kept at 175℃ for 15 hours, and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0035] S6. Straightness Measurement: Use a crane to transport the aged floor beam profiles to the testing platform and place them flat to prevent abnormal deformation. Measure the planar clearance and longitudinal lateral bending clearance of the floor beam profiles. The specific steps are as follows: S6.1. Place the straightened floor beam profile on the horizontal plane 902 of the testing platform to stabilize the self-weight of the floor beam profile; S6.2. Place the end of the longitudinal side bending test position of the floor beam profile against the side surface 901 of the test platform. Use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the gap h1 between the floor beam profile at position A and the side surface 901 of the test platform every 1500mm. This is the longitudinal side bending gap of the floor beam. S6.3. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at positions B and C and the straightedge 10 every 1500mm, and record them as h2 and h3 respectively. These are the plane gaps on the front of the floor beam profile. S6.4. Rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180° and place it on the horizontal plane 902 of the testing platform. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at positions D, E and F and the straightedge 10 every 1500mm, and record them as h4, h5 and h6 respectively. These are the plane gaps on the reverse side of the floor beam profile.

[0036] S7. Cutting floor beam profiles: Sawing the straightened floor beam profiles, cutting off the portion of the floor beam profiles that comes into contact with the tension straightener chucks A801 ​​and B802, and obtaining straightened floor beam profiles.

[0037] Embodiment 2 of the present invention, used for comparison with Embodiment 1, provides a method for straightening aluminum alloy floor beam profiles for aviation applications, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1. Preparation: Hoist the floor beam profile 1 onto the roller conveyor line 6, install the special rollers for the floor beam profile on the forming machine, and adjust the height of the upper support roller 202, lower support roller 303, positioning support roller A402, positioning support roller B404 and positioning support roller C406. After the installation position is qualified, tighten the fixing bolts so that the floor beam profile 1 can pass smoothly in the subsequent roller straightening process.

[0038] S2. Roller Straightening: The extruded floor beam profile 1 is placed face-on on the roller conveyor line 6, and the face-on of the floor beam profile is roller straightened. The specific steps are as follows: S2.1. Place the floor beam profile face up on the roller conveyor line 6 of the forming machine. After the floor beam profile passes through the forming machine for the first time, perform a roller straightening on the second groove of the floor beam with a pressing height of 16mm to adjust the overall plane gap of the floor beam profile.

[0039] S3. Solution quenching: The floor beam profile 1, after solution treatment, is immediately subjected to quenching treatment. The quenching completion time m1 is recorded. The specific steps are as follows: S3.1. Place the roller-straightened floor beam profile into a horizontal quenching furnace at a temperature of 476℃, and hold it at that temperature for 180 minutes after the floor beam profile reaches the set temperature. S3.2. After the floor beam profile is insulated, the solution-treated floor beam profile is conveyed into the spray chamber for quenching and cooling using a conveyor motor. The quenching conveying speed of the floor beam profile is 200 mm / s, and the spray water temperature is 26℃.

[0040] S4. Straightening of Floor Beam Profiles: Place the quenched floor beam profiles on the conveyor rollers 701 of the tension straightening machine, clamp and fix both ends of the floor beam profiles, and perform tension straightening. Record the unloading time of the tension force as m2. Control the straightening process of the floor beam profiles to take m3 = m2 - m1 = 2.3h. The specific steps are as follows: S4.1. Lift the floor beam profile with soft slings and use a crane to smoothly transport the floor beam profile into the center position of the straightening equipment (850T tension straightening machine), so that the floor beam profile is on the conveyor roller 701. After clamping and fixing the two ends of the floor beam profile with the tension straightening machine chuck A801 ​​and tension straightening machine chuck B802, apply a clamping force of 100 tons to fix and clamp the two ends of the floor beam profile. S4.2. The tension leveler chucks A801 ​​and B802 simultaneously apply a certain tensile force to make the deformation of the floor beam profile reach 1.9%, thereby stretching and straightening the floor beam profile.

[0041] S5. Artificial aging: After unloading the floor beam profile 1 from the tension straightening machine, the straightened floor beam profile is placed in an aging furnace, kept at 120℃ for 4 hours, then heated to 175℃ and kept at 175℃ for 15 hours, and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0042] S6. Straightness Measurement: Use a crane to transport the aged floor beam profiles to the testing platform and place them flat to prevent abnormal deformation. Measure the planar clearance and longitudinal lateral bending clearance of the floor beam profiles. The specific steps are as follows: S6.1. Place the straightened floor beam profile on the horizontal plane 902 of the testing platform to stabilize the self-weight of the floor beam profile; S6.2. Place the end of the longitudinal side bending test position of the floor beam profile against the side surface 901 of the test platform. Use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the gap h1 between the floor beam profile at position A and the side surface 901 of the test platform every 1500mm. This is the longitudinal side bending gap of the floor beam profile. S6.3. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at positions B and C and the straightedge 10 every 1500mm, and record them as h2 and h3 respectively. These are the plane gaps on the front of the floor beam profile. S6.4. Rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180° and place it on the horizontal plane 902 of the testing platform. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at positions D, E and F and the straightedge 10 every 1500mm, and record them as h4, h5 and h6 respectively. These are the plane gaps on the reverse side of the floor beam.

[0043] S7. Cutting floor beam profiles: Sawing the straightened floor beam profiles, cutting off the portion of the floor beam profiles that comes into contact with the tension straightener chucks A801 ​​and B802, and obtaining straightened floor beam profiles.

[0044] In Embodiment 3 of the present invention, a method for straightening an aluminum alloy floor beam profile for aviation applications comprises the following specific steps: S1. Preparation: Hoist the floor beam profile 1 onto the roller conveyor line 6, install the special rollers for the floor beam profile on the forming machine, and adjust the height of the upper support roller 202, lower support roller 303, positioning support roller A402, positioning support roller B404 and positioning support roller C406. After the installation position is qualified, tighten the fixing bolts so that the floor beam profile 1 can pass smoothly in the subsequent roller straightening process.

[0045] S2. Roller Straightening: Place the extruded floor beam profile 1 face side on the roller conveyor line 6, and perform roller straightening on the face side of the floor beam profile. After roller straightening, rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180°, and adjust the position of the forming roller and the height of the support roller of the forming machine to perform roller straightening on the reverse side of the floor beam profile. The specific steps are as follows: S2.1. Place the floor beam profile face up on the roller conveyor line 6 of the forming machine. After the floor beam profile passes through the forming machine for the first time, perform a roller straightening on the second groove of the floor beam profile. The pressing height is 17mm, and the overall plane gap of the floor beam profile is adjusted. S2.2. Adjust the position of the shaping roller of the shaping machine, and at the same time rotate the floor beam profile horizontally by 180° to perform secondary roller straightening on the first groove of the floor beam profile, with a pressing height of 10mm; S2.3. Continue to adjust the position of the shaping rollers of the shaping machine, and perform three roller straightenings on the third groove of the floor beam profile, with a pressing height of 11mm.

[0046] S3. Solution quenching: The floor beam profile 1, after solution treatment, is immediately subjected to quenching treatment. The quenching completion time m1 is recorded. The specific steps are as follows: S3.1. Place the roller-straightened floor beam profile into a horizontal quenching furnace at a temperature of 473~478℃, and hold it at the temperature for 150 minutes after the floor beam profile reaches the set temperature. S3.2. After the floor beam profile is insulated, the solution-treated floor beam profile is conveyed into the spray chamber for quenching and cooling using a conveyor motor. The quenching conveying speed of the floor beam profile is 250 mm / s, and the spray water temperature is 27℃.

[0047] S4. Straightening of Floor Beam Profiles: Place the quenched floor beam profiles on the conveyor rollers 701 of the tension straightening machine, clamp and fix both ends of the floor beam profiles, and perform tension straightening. Record the unloading time of the tension force as m2. Control the straightening process of the floor beam profiles to take m3 = m2 - m1 = 1.8h. The specific steps are as follows: S4.1. Lift the floor beam profile with soft slings and smoothly transport the profile into the center position of the straightening equipment (850T tension straightening machine) with the help of the overhead crane, so that the floor beam profile is on the conveyor roller 701. After clamping and fixing the two ends of the floor beam profile with the tension straightening machine chuck A801 ​​and tension straightening machine chuck B802, apply a clamping force of 100 tons to fix the two ends of the floor beam profile tightly. S4.2. The tension leveler chucks A801 ​​and B802 simultaneously apply a certain tensile force to make the deformation of the floor beam profile reach 2.1%, thereby stretching and straightening the floor beam profile.

[0048] S5. Artificial aging: After unloading the floor beam profile 1 from the tension straightening machine, the straightened floor beam profile is placed in an aging furnace, held at 121℃ for 4 hours, then heated to 176℃ and held for 150 hours before being air-cooled to room temperature.

[0049] S6. Straightness Measurement: Use a crane to transport the aged floor beam profiles to the testing platform and place them flat to prevent abnormal deformation. Measure the planar clearance and longitudinal lateral bending clearance of the floor beam profiles. The specific steps are as follows: S6.1. Place the straightened floor beam profile on the horizontal plane 902 of the testing platform to stabilize the self-weight of the floor beam profile; S6.2. Place the end of the longitudinal side bending test position of the floor beam profile against the side surface 901 of the test platform. Use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the gap h1 between the floor beam profile at position A and the side surface 901 of the test platform every 1500mm. This is the longitudinal side bending gap of the floor beam profile. S6.3. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at positions B and C and the straightedge 10 every 1500mm, and record them as h2 and h3 respectively. These are the plane gaps on the front of the floor beam profile. S6.4. Rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180° and place it on the horizontal plane 902 of the testing platform. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at positions D, E and F and the straightedge 10 every 1500mm, and record them as h4, h5 and h6 respectively. These are the plane gaps on the reverse side of the floor beam profile.

[0050] S7. Cutting floor beam profiles: Sawing the straightened floor beam profiles, cutting off the portion of the floor beam profiles that comes into contact with the tension straightener chucks A801 ​​and B802, and obtaining straightened floor beam profiles.

[0051] Embodiment 4 of the present invention, used for comparison with Embodiment 3, provides a method for straightening aluminum alloy floor beam profiles for aviation applications, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1. Preparation: Hoist the floor beam profile 1 onto the roller conveyor line 6, install the special rollers for the floor beam profile on the forming machine, and adjust the height of the upper support roller 202, lower support roller 303, positioning support roller A402, positioning support roller B404 and positioning support roller C406. After the installation position is qualified, tighten the fixing bolts so that the floor beam profile 1 can pass smoothly in the subsequent roller straightening process.

[0052] S2. Roller Straightening: Place the extruded floor beam profile 1 face side on the roller conveyor line 6, and perform roller straightening on the face side of the floor beam profile. After roller straightening, rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180°, and adjust the position of the forming roller and the height of the support roller of the forming machine to perform roller straightening on the reverse side of the floor beam profile. The specific steps are as follows: S2.1. Place the floor beam profile face up on the roller conveyor line 6 of the forming machine. After the floor beam profile passes through the forming machine for the first time, perform a roller straightening on the second groove of the floor beam profile. The pressing height is 17mm, and the overall plane gap of the floor beam profile is adjusted. S2.2. Adjust the position of the shaping roller of the shaping machine, and at the same time rotate the floor beam profile horizontally by 180° to perform secondary roller straightening on the first groove of the floor beam profile, with a pressing height of 9mm; S2.3. Continue to adjust the position of the shaping rollers of the shaping machine, and perform three roller straightenings on the third groove of the floor beam profile, with a pressing height of 9mm.

[0053] S3. Solution quenching: The floor beam profile 1, after solution treatment, is immediately subjected to quenching treatment. The quenching completion time m1 is recorded. The specific steps are as follows: S3.1. Place the roller-straightened floor beam profile into a horizontal quenching furnace at a temperature of 474℃, and hold it at that temperature for 180 minutes after the floor beam profile reaches the set temperature. S3.2. After the floor beam profile is insulated, the solution-treated floor beam profile is conveyed into the spray chamber for quenching and cooling using a conveyor motor. The quenching conveying speed of the floor beam profile is 190 mm / s, and the spray water temperature is 24℃.

[0054] S5. Artificial aging: After unloading the floor beam profile 1 from the tension straightening machine, the straightened floor beam profile is placed in an aging furnace, held at 119℃ for 6 hours, then heated to 175℃ for 15 hours, and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0055] S6. Straightness Measurement: Use a crane to transport the aged floor beam profiles to the testing platform and place them flat to prevent abnormal deformation. Measure the planar clearance and longitudinal lateral bending clearance of the floor beam profiles. The specific steps are as follows: S6.1. Place the straightened floor beam profile on the horizontal plane 902 of the testing platform to stabilize the profile's own weight; S6.2. Place the end of the longitudinal side bending test position of the floor beam profile against the side surface 901 of the test platform. Use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the gap h1 between the floor beam profile at position A and the side surface 901 of the test platform every 1500mm. This is the longitudinal side bending gap of the floor beam profile. S6.3. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at positions B and C and the straightedge 10 every 1500mm, and record them as h2 and h3 respectively. These are the plane gaps on the front of the floor beam profile. S6.4. Rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180° and place it on the horizontal plane 902 of the testing platform. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at positions D, E and F and the straightedge 10 every 1500mm, and record them as h4, h5 and h6 respectively. These are the plane gaps on the reverse side of the floor beam profile.

[0056] S7. Cutting floor beam profiles: Sawing the straightened floor beam profiles, cutting off the portion of the floor beam profiles that comes into contact with the tension straightener chucks A801 ​​and B802, and obtaining straightened floor beam profiles.

[0057] The straightened floor beam profiles obtained in Examples 1 to 4 are produced according to the following... Figure 8 , Figure 9 The flatness is measured as shown. According to the technical specifications, the maximum lateral bending gap of the floor beam profile along its entire length must be less than 2.0 mm, and the maximum planar gap must be less than 1.5 mm. That is, the longitudinal lateral bending gap h1 at position A must be less than 2.0 mm, and the planar gaps at positions B, C, D, E, and F must be less than 1.5 mm.

[0058] The deviations of the longitudinal lateral bending gap and planar gap of the floor beam profile after straightening in Example 1 are shown in the following table: The deviations of the longitudinal lateral bending gap and planar gap of the floor beam profile after straightening in Example 2 are shown in the following table: The deviations of the longitudinal lateral bending gap and planar gap of the floor beam profile after straightening in Example 3 are shown in the following table: The deviations of the longitudinal lateral bending gap and planar gap of the floor beam profile after straightening in Example 4 are shown in the following table: The flatness test results of Examples 1-4 are shown in the table below: A comparison of Example 2 and Example 1 shows that the front and back sides of the floor beam profile need to be roller-straightened separately; otherwise, the maximum planar gap of the floor beam profile is likely to exceed the specified range. A comparison of Example 4 and Example 3 shows that after roller straightening, the floor beam profile also needs to be straightened and shaped, and the elongation rate of the floor beam profile during straightening and shaping should be between 1.6% and 2.2%; otherwise, the longitudinal lateral bending gap is likely to exceed the specified range. Referring to the straightening methods of Examples 1 and 3 of this invention, the dimensional deviations of large-size, thin-walled, thick-walled profiles such as floor beams can be kept within the standard range.

[0059] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for straightening aluminum alloy floor beam profiles for aviation applications, characterized in that, include: S1. Hoist the floor beam profile to the roller conveyor line, and install the pressure roller on the forming machine. The forming machine includes forming rollers and support rollers. The forming rollers include an upper forming roller, a lower forming roller A and a lower forming roller B. The support rollers include an upper support roller, a lower support roller and a positioning support roller. The shaping roller is perpendicular to the horizontal direction. The upper support roller and the upper shaping roller are perpendicular and work together. The lower support roller, the lower shaping roller A, and the lower shaping roller B are perpendicular and work together. There are four pressing rollers, which are fixed by four vertically set positioning support rollers. The floor beam profile includes three grooves in sequence, wherein the first groove and the third groove are downward in the same direction, the second groove is in the opposite direction to the first groove, and each side of the first groove and the third groove is provided with an extension. Each extension is provided with a corresponding horizontal long surface and a horizontal short surface, and each end of each extension is provided with a pressing roller. S2. Adjust the height of the support rollers. After the installation position is qualified, tighten the fixing bolts. Place the front side of the extruded floor beam profile on the roller conveyor line and perform roller straightening. After the front side is roller straightened, rotate the profile horizontally 180° and adjust the position of the straightening roller and the height of the support roller of the straightening machine to perform roller straightening on the back side of the floor beam profile. S3. After the floor beam profile is straightened by roller, it is subjected to solution treatment in a horizontal quenching furnace, and the floor beam profile after solution treatment is immediately quenched. The quenching completion time m1 is recorded. S4. Place the quenched floor beam profile on the conveyor roller of the tension straightening machine, clamp and fix both ends of the floor beam profile, perform tension straightening, record the tension force unloading time as m2, and calculate the time m3 for controlling the straightening process of the profile. S5. After unloading the floor beam profile from the stretching and straightening machine, place the straightened floor beam profile into an aging furnace for heat preservation. The heat preservation temperature is between 115℃ and 122℃, and the heat preservation time is between 3 hours and 6 hours. Then, the temperature is increased to between 170℃ and 180℃, and the heat preservation time after the temperature increase is between 10 hours and 20 hours. Finally, air cool to room temperature. S6. Start the crane to transport the aged floor beam profiles to the testing platform and place them flat. Measure the planar gap and longitudinal lateral bending gap of the floor beam profiles. S7. Sawing the straightened floor beam profile, cutting off the part of the floor beam profile that comes into contact with the tension straightener clamps A and B, and obtaining the straightened profile.

2. The straightening method for an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 includes adjusting the distance between the upper and lower support rollers according to the curvature of the floor beam cross section before roller straightening, controlling the amount of pressure of roller straightening, and adjusting the position of the pressure roller.

3. The straightening method for an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 2, characterized in that, S2 include: The three groove surfaces of the first groove, the second groove, and the third groove are denoted as B, E, and C, respectively. The extension on the side of the first groove is denoted as D, the extension on the side of the third groove is denoted as F, and the end point of the floor beam profile on the side of the first groove is denoted as A. S2.

1. Place the floor beam profile face up on the roller conveyor line of the forming machine. After the floor beam profile passes through the forming machine for the first time, the floor beam profile is straightened by rollers. The upper forming roller contacts the second groove, and the lower forming roller contacts D and F. The pressing height is between 13mm and 19mm to adjust the overall plane gap of the floor beam profile. S2.

2. Adjust the position of the shaping roller of the shaping machine, and at the same time rotate the floor beam profile horizontally by 180°. Perform secondary roller straightening on the first groove of the floor beam profile. Use the upper shaping roller to contact the first groove, use the lower shaping roller to contact B and C, and use the pressing roller to contact the horizontal short surface of the extension. The pressing height is between 6mm and 12mm. S2.

3. Continue to adjust the position of the shaping rollers of the shaping machine, and perform three roller straightenings on the third groove of the floor beam profile. Use the upper shaping roller to contact the third groove, use the lower shaping roller to contact B and C, and use the pressing roller to contact the horizontal short surface of the extension. The pressing height is between 6mm and 12mm.

4. The straightening method for an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 3, characterized in that, S3 include: S3.

1. Place the roller-straightened floor beam profile into a horizontal quenching furnace for heat preservation. The heat preservation temperature is between 473℃ and 478℃, and the heat preservation time is between 100 minutes and 200 minutes. S3.

2. After the floor beam profile is insulated, the solution-treated floor beam profile is conveyed into the spray chamber for quenching and cooling using a conveyor motor. The quenching conveyor speed is between 150 mm / s and 300 mm / s, and the spray water temperature is between 20℃ and 30℃.

5. The straightening method for an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 4, characterized in that, S4 include: S4.

1. Lift the floor beam profile with soft slings and use a crane to smoothly transport the floor beam profile into the center position of the straightening equipment. The straightening equipment is an 850T tension straightening machine. Position the floor beam profile on the conveyor rollers. After clamping and fixing the two ends of the floor beam profile with the tension straightening machine chuck A and tension straightening machine chuck B, apply a clamping force of 100 tons to fix and tighten the two ends of the floor beam profile. S4.

2. The tension straightener clamps A and B apply tension force simultaneously, so that the deformation of the floor beam profile is between 1.6% and 2.2%, thereby stretching and straightening the floor beam profile.

6. The method for straightening an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 5, characterized in that, S4 includes the time (m3) for controlling the straightening process of the profile: m3 = m2 - m1; m3 < 3 hours.

7. The method for straightening an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 6, characterized in that, S6 includes, S6.

1. Placing the aged floor beam profile on the horizontal surface of the testing platform to stabilize the self-weight of the floor beam profile.

8. The method for straightening an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 7, characterized in that, S6 includes, S6.

2. Attaching the end of the longitudinal lateral bending detection position of the floor beam profile to the side facade of the detection platform, and using a feeler gauge and tapered ruler to measure the longitudinal lateral bending gap of the floor beam profile, that is, measuring the gap between position A of the floor beam profile and the side facade of the detection platform every 1500mm, and recording it as h1.

9. A method for straightening an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 8, characterized in that, S6 includes S6.

3. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap on the front of the floor beam profile, that is, measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at position B and position C and the ruler every 1500mm, and record them as h2 and h3 respectively.

10. A method for straightening an aerospace aluminum alloy floor beam profile according to claim 9, characterized in that, S6 includes S6.

4. Rotate the floor beam profile horizontally 180° and place it on the horizontal surface of the testing platform. When the self-weight of the floor beam profile reaches stability, use a feeler gauge and a tapered ruler to measure the plane gap on the reverse side of the floor beam profile. That is, measure the plane gap between the floor beam profile at position D, position E and position F every 1500mm and the ruler, and record them as h4, h5 and h6 respectively.

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